摘要
明晰森林生态系统服务与生态系统健康之间的协同关系,是识别生态系统与人类福祉之间内在综合关联的有效途径。本文基于森林物质合成、土壤保持、水源涵养、净化空气、生物多样性维持等五项服务指标和林分结构活力、组织力、恢复力三项综合指标的估算与评价,对吉林省汪清林业局国有天然林生态系统服务与生态系统健康进行评估和进行相关性分析与热点识别。结果表明:随着植被群落的分异,各植被类型在空间上体现出差异化的优势生态服务类型和生态系统健康指标分布规律,而两者的热点分布均呈现"南多北少/东西部多中部少"的空间格局;相关分析显示,协同作用是各样本类型之间的主导关系,大部分生态系统服务与生态系统健康指标的增长并不会导致另一些指标的下降,不考虑木材供给的森林景观多功能性可以实现。研究结果可以为国有天然林停伐后林区社会—生态系统的管理模式优选和空间差异化管理提供决策支持。
After the launch of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, in recent years a major issue that concerns researchers internationally is the relationship of ecosystem and human well-being, including the correlation of ecosystem services and other indicators of human well-being. With regard to forest management, an effective method of identifying the links between forest ecosystem and human well-being is to examine synergies between ecosystem services and ecosystem health of the forest. Based on the assessment of five ecosystem services(material synthesis, soil retention, water conservation, air purification, and biodiversity maintenance of the forest) and three integrated indices of forest structure(vitality, organization, and resilience), this study evaluates the ecosystem services and ecosystem health of a state-owned forest of the forestry bureau in Wangqing County, Jilin Province. The result shows that with the change of specific vegetation community, spatial distribution of dominant ecosystem services and ecosystem health indicators also vary. However, hotspots of both strong ecosystem services and ecosystem health are found more in the south, east, and west than in the north and central parts of the region. Langxi Forest Farm in the north and Jincang Forest Farm in the central region have the weakest ecosystem functions and the lowest ecosystem health, whereas Jingouling Forest Farm—a demonstration site of cutting, planting, and managing, and Xinancha Forest Farm that lies mostly within a national-level nature reserve have the most optimal ecosystem functions and the highest ecosystem health. This research has shown that synergy is the primary relationship of different categories of samples. The improvement of most indicators of ecosystem services and ecosystem health will not result in the decline of other indicators. In view of the similarity of hydrothermal conditions in the study area, it is possible for the forest to become a multi-functional landscape without considering timber supply. The result of these calculations can provide more case support for follow-up studies. Future adaptive management of the social-ecological system in this forest area after natural forest cutting has ceased is to focus on finding solutions to manage the forest ecosystem and implement the measures based on the local context that differs across space, thus contribute to the well-being of the human system in the region.
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期761-771,共11页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41330747)
关键词
生态系统服务
生态系统健康
协同分析
森林管理
东北林区
ecosystem services
ecosystem health
synergy analysis
forest management
the forest area of Northeast China
