摘要
贵州省威宁彝族、回族、苗族自治县,地处黔西北高原的乌蒙山脉中段,西、南、北三面与云南省为邻。县西北部中水区一带,有一片比较平坦的高原,海拔1800米左右,当地称为"梁子"。这里土地肥沃,气温较高,四周是开阔的耕地和稠密的居民点。中河、后河从东北流向西南;前河自东向西流去。这三条山区小河汇合在出水公社烟锅山的西面,然后向南流入龙潭河。龙潭河是滇、黔两省分界线。
The Weining Yi,Hui and She Autonomous County in the middle section of the WumengMountains in northwestern Guizhou province adjoins Zhaotong and Xuanwei counties ofYunnan province.In 1978 a total of 36 ancient tombs were excavated at Liyuan and w twoother places in the county's Chushui and Zhonghe communes.These tombs,yielding over 300cultural relics,are related to the culture of Yelang of the Xi Nan Yi (southwest tribes).The cultural deposits of the Liyuan site,2—3 meters thick,ean be divided into four layers.A few tombs in the third and fourth layers,the major cultural layers,date back to the endof the warring States period.All of the tombs were earthen-shafts.The boundaries of TypeA tombs were clearly discernible,while those of Type B tombs were difficult to make out.The Type B or the Xi Nan Yi tombs consisted of individual burials or burials of a numberof people arranged irregularly in a row.Most of the dead were in a supine and extended posi-tion,with their head toward the south.Of the 273 funeral objects unearthed thereof,over 50percent were copper weapons,and 38 were iron ones.The excavation site originally belonged to Hanyang county of the Qianwei prefecture,which was set up after Tang Meng returned from Yelang as an imperial emissary of the Wes-tern Han dynasty.Among the dead was a young man wearing a copper sword at his waist.The copper hairpins worn on his head suggest that he possibly belonged to'a people with theirhair bound in a coil'as described in the Records of the Historian,and that this site might bea tribal cemetery of the Yelang period.So far 40 kinds of signs have been found inscribed on the pottery vessels unearthed duringthe excavation.Of the nine national minorities inhabiting modern Guizhou province,onlythe Yis and Shuis have their own written languages.Many of the signs can be explained inthe time-honoured Yi script.This will surely augment valuable material for the study of theYelang culture,the histry of the Di and Qiang peoples,the origin of the Yi script and thetribe to which the tombs belonged.
出处
《考古学报》
1981年第2期217-244,共28页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
