摘要
焊接残余应力是影响焊接质量的重要因素之一,焊接残余应力主要由热应力和相变应力组成。本文采用ANSYS软件,利用单元生死技术和热—结构耦合方法,模拟了十字接头的焊接及焊后冷却过程,计算分析了考虑相变的焊接残余应力的分布。研究结果表明:焊接过程中,熔池的温度最高,最高温度达到1 515℃;母材部分的温度最低,为室温20℃;随着与焊缝距离的增大,温度逐渐减小。考虑相变的十字接头焊缝和焊缝附近在平行于焊缝和垂直于焊缝两个方向的焊接残余应力均为压缩应力,且最大压缩应力位于焊趾处,约为-500 MPa,说明相变能够有效地降低焊接接头的残余拉伸应力,并且在一定的条件下产生焊接残余压缩应力。
Welding residual stress was one of the most important factors which affect the welding quality, and it was made up of thermal stress and transformation stress. ANSYS software was used to stimulate welding and cooling process of cruciform joint considering transformation and to analyze the distribution of its residual stress in this study. The methods of 'Element Birth and Death' and thermal-structure coupling were mainly used in ANSYS. The results showed that the maximum temperature was 1 515 ℃ in the molten pool during welding, and the minimum temperature was 20 ℃ in the base metal, the temperature decreased along with the increasing distance from weld. The welding residual stress paralleling and plumbing the weld in the cruciform joint considering transformation was in a state of compressive stress, the maximum compressive stress was about-500 MPa at the weld toe. It testified that transformative material could affect welding residual stress, consequently, could obtain anticipant compressive residual stress.
出处
《焊接技术》
北大核心
2013年第10期13-16,4,共4页
Welding Technology
关键词
相变
十字接头
残余应力
有限元
transformation,cruciform joint,residual stress,finite element
