贸易和环境研究的现状与进展被引量：43

Trade and the Environment: A Literature Survey

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摘要贸易和环境的关系问题是当今国际经济学界的一个重要问题 ,本文对这一领域理论研究的主要方面和最新动向进行了评述。全文依次考察了三个问题 :即贸易自由化的实施是否会导致环境质量的恶化 ,环境管制是否会削弱一国产业的国际竞争力以及贸易政策能否作为一种手段来促进全球环境的保护。通过对现有文献进行解读和梳理 ,我们发现 :尽管主流经济学主张自由贸易 ,但如果考虑到贸易自由化所导致的环境后果 ,那么贸易有益的观点就值得怀疑 ;环境管制对国际竞争力的负面影响并没有得到经验研究的支持 ;最新的研究显示 ,当参与国际环境合作的国家彼此之间又是贸易伙伴时 ,某些国家在环境合作中采取的“搭便车”行为将得到有效抑制。 The relationship between trade and the environment has long been a controversial issue. This paper presents a literature survey on the debate and the latest development in the field. We make a thorough investigation into three questions(1) Will trade liberalization deteriorate the environment?(2) Do environmental regulations hold back the domestic industries' competitiveness against their foreign rivals? and (3) Can trade policies be used as a tool for enhancing the international environmental cooperation to protect the global environment? We find that, firstly, the mainstream economic argument that free trade is beneficial to every participant has been questioned by many recent resesrch. Secondly, the supposedly negative effects of environmental regulations on international competitiveness have not been supported by empirical studies. Thirdly, it has been shown that “free riding” on the contribution to global environmental protection of other countries can be effectively deterred when the countries concerned are trade partners to each other.

作者王军

机构地区南京审计学院经济系

出处《世界经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2004年第7期67-79,共13页 The Journal of World Economy

关键词国际经济学国际竞争力贸易政策贸易自由化环境质量国际环境合作清洁生产技术

分类号 F740 [经济管理—国际贸易] X196 [环境科学与工程—环境科学]

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