摘要
美国对国际刑事法院的政策经历了从积极支持到极力反对的大转变。克林顿政府虽然积极参加法院规约的制订,但最终因为在管辖权、检察官独立启动调查起诉程序和侵略罪等问题上存在着重大分歧而投了反对票。布什政府则根据《美国军人保护法》采取了一系列极端敌视国际刑事法院的措施,其中尤以所谓的"第98条协定"为甚。但是,缔约国与美国签订的这种豁免协定实际上违背了规约的宗旨,与罗马规约第98条第2款不相符合,是非法的。
United States' policy on the International Criminal Court changed from one of active support to one of extreme hostility. Cliton Administration took an active part in the legislation of the Statute of the ICC but finally voted against it in Rome Coference because of its different opinions on some issues such as the jurisdiction of the ICC, the procedure of investigation, the prosecution initiated independently by the Prosecutor and the provision of aggression. Bush Administration, according to the American Servicemembers Protection Act, took a series of aggressive anti-ICC measures, one of which is the so-called Article98(2) Agreement. But these 'Impunity Agreements', concluded by the High Contracting Parties of Rome Statute and the United States, are in breach of the purpose of the Statute and the spirit of Article 98(2) and hence are illegal.
出处
《山东警察学院学报》
2004年第4期24-30,共7页
Journal of Shandong Police College
关键词
国际刑事法院
罗马规约
美国
《美国军人保护法》
豁免协定
The International Criminal Court
Rome Statute
the United States of America
The American Servicemembers Protection Act
Bilateral Agreements
