摘要
本实验研究了裂片石莼(Ulva fasciata)、龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)、海带(Laminaria japonica)、细基江蓠繁枝变种(Gracilaria tenuistipitata)、舌状蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia livida)和人工配合饲料6种饵料对黑鲍[(Haliotis discushannaiIno)(♀)×(Haliotis discus discusIno)(♂)]幼鲍存活和生长的影响。将6种饵料随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复饲养黑鲍20只。实验幼鲍的初始体长、体质量分别为(12.29±0.03)mm、(0.223±0.002)g,实验为期35 d。实验结果如下:(1)不同饵料对幼鲍的存活率有显著影响(P<0.05),且由大到小依次为海带组、人工配合饲料组、龙须菜组、蜈蚣藻组、江蓠组和石莼组。其中海带组、人工配合饲料组的存活率显著大于其他海藻组(P<0.05);(2)不同饵料对幼鲍的生长有显著影响(P<0.05),6种饵料组的幼鲍的特定生长率(SGR)由大到小依次为人工配合饲料组、海带组、江蓠组、石莼组、龙须菜组和蜈蚣藻组。其中人工配合饲料组、海带组的SGR显著大于其他饵料组(P<0.05)。壳长增长率、湿重增重率、干重增重率亦呈现相似趋势。实验结束时,蜈蚣藻组的体质量呈现负增长;(3)幼鲍对不同饵料的转化效率存在显著差异(P<0.05),幼鲍对人工配合饲料的转化效率是最大。实验结果表明人工配合饲料和海带是黑鲍养殖生产上最佳的选择。
A 35-d growth experiment was conducted to assess the effects of six different diets on survival and growth of black abalone,Haliotis discus hannai Ino.(♀)× H.discus discus Ino.(♂).The six diets were green algae,Ulva faxciata,brown algae,Laminaria japonica,red algae,Gracilaria lemaneiformis、Gracilaria tenuistipitata and Grateloupia livida and formulated diet.The six different diets were randomly assigned to 6 groups,each of which had three replicates.The abalones with initial shell length of(12.29±0.03)mm and wet weight of (0.223±0.002)g were kept in 18 glass aquaria(50.0 cm×37.5 cm×29.5 cm,water volume of 35 L),and fed to apparent satiation at 17∶00.During the experiment,the abalones in algae treatments were fed every other day,while in the formulated diet treatment,the abalones were fed once daily.The shell length as well as the body weight was measured before and after the experiment.Twenty individuals were set in each repetition.During the experiment period,the temperature ranged from 15.4 ℃ to 20.0 ℃,dissolved oxygen was controlled higher than 6.5 mg/L,salinity was from 32 to 34,and whole experiment was under nature light cycle.Water exchange was from the same water source,and seawater used in the experiment was filtered by using a cloth filter.In order to keep higher water quality,water was exchanged every other day in algae treatments,while in the formulated diet treatment water was exchanged every day.The results showed that the survival rate of the juvenile abalone fed with Laminaria japonica and formulated diet were significantly higher than those of the groups fed with Gracilaria lemaneiformis,Grateloupia livida,Gracilaria tenuistipitata and Ulva faxciata(P<0.05).The differences of the special growth rate(SGR),wet weight growth rate(WGRw),dry weight growth rate(WGRd) and shell length growth rate(LGR) were also significant(P<0.05) among the six diets treatments.Juvenile black abalone in formulated diet treatment and Laminaria japonica treatment had significantly higher SGR、WGRw、WGRd and LGR than those in the other four algae treatments(P<0.05).There were significant differences in food conversion efficiency(FCE) among the juvenile black abalone under the six diets treatments(P<0.05),and the FCE in formulated diet was the highest.The results indicated that formulated diet and Laminaria japonica were the best diets for the cultured black abalone at present.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期903-910,共8页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2004B20301015)
中国水产科学研究院水产种质资源与养殖技术重点开放实验室基金项目(2005A010)
广东省科技计划项目(2006B20301030)
关键词
饵料
黑鲍幼鲍
生长
存活率
diets
juvenile black abalone
growth
survival rate
