摘要
生物礁是油气的优良储集体,勘探潜力巨大。生物礁油气藏时空分布极不均匀,礁型储层集中于晚古生代、中生代和古近纪地层中,主要发现于北半球及现今赤道附近地区。北美、中东—北非地区、中亚以及中国南海和周边地区是礁油气藏的四个富集区,并且自西向东分布时代整体呈由老变新的趋势。礁油气藏发育时代随纬度增加逐渐变老,地理位置呈现"中纬地区富油,高、低纬地区富气"的分布特征。礁油气藏具有储量大、产量高的特点。成礁规模是控制大型礁油气藏形成的首要因素,有利的烃源岩供给、经过后期改造的次生溶孔和区域性盖层覆盖是确保油气成藏的关键因素。借助理论创新和技术突破,礁型油气在深层盐下和深水区等新区块、新领域大有可为,勘探前景广阔。
Biological reef is an excellent reservoir of oil and gas with great exploration potential.The biological reef reservoirs is uneven in time and space,developing mainly in the late Paleozoic,Mesozoic and Paleogene.Nowadays The biological reef reservoirs are discovered principally in the Northern Hemi-sphere and the places near Earth’s Equator.Major four enrichment regions are located in North America,the Middle East to North Africa areas,Central-Asia and the South China Sea and its surrounding areas.The stratum of reef reservoirs gradually turns older with the increase of latitude,presenting the character-istics of geographical distribution with"middle latitude area rich in oil,high and low latitude area rich in gas".Reef reservoirs are characterized by large reserves and high yield.The dimensions of reef-building is the primary factor to form large-scale biological reef reservoirs.The key factors to petroleum entrapment of reef reservoirs include predominant source rocks,and secondary solution pores subjected to leaching and chalkification and dolomitization during later diagenesis and regional seal rocks.With the aid of theoretical innovation and technological breakthroughs,biological reef reservoirs have a brilliant future in new blocks and territories such as the explorations under the deep salt and deep-water areas.
作者
王力
王鑫
蔡凯旋
焦希锋
WANG Li;WANG Xin;CAI Kai-xuan;JIAO Xi-feng(Xi’an Dongsheng Geological Engineering Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China)
出处
《内蒙古石油化工》
CAS
2021年第7期117-121,共5页
Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry
关键词
生物礁油气藏
分布特征
发育因素
勘探前景
biological reef reservoirs
distribution characteristics
developmental factors
exploration prospect
