摘要
利用全球导航卫星系统反射信号研究测站周边地表环境参数是近年来遥感领域的研究热点之一。利用测量型全球导航卫星信号接收机数据,实时获取其周边的积雪深度,是对现有降雪监测方法的有效补充。该文基于GPS信噪比与信号振幅的变化特征,研究了使用GPS信噪比观测值进行雪深探测的算法,并首次使用国家气象观测站的业务观测数据对地基GPS反演雪深算法进行了验证。对比试验使用近两个月的人工积雪深度测量值与GPS信号反演的积雪深度值进行了逐日比较,二者的吻合度较好,标准偏差为2.04cm,相关系数为0.94。该对比试验表明,利用常规测量型地基GPS接收机观测数据进行雪深探测是可行的。应用地基GPS反演雪深技术,气象部门基于现有的地基GPS水汽监测网可进一步开展积雪环境监测研究。
The research on the surface environmental parameters around stations using the GNSS reflected signals is one of the research hotspots in the field of remote sensing in recent years.Based on the characteristics of GPS SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio)and signal amplitude,this paper studies the snow depth detection algorithm using GPS SNR observations.The comparison experiment uses the operational observation data of the survey GPS receiver located in the National Meteorological Observatory in Qiqihar of Heilongjiang Province to verify the ground-based GPS inversion snow depth algorithm.The GPS inversion snow depth algorithm is verified,and the experimental comparison results show that the snow depth of ground-based GPS inversion is in good agreement with the measured values,with a standard deviation of 2.04 cm and a correlation coefficient of 0.94.Therefore,snow depth detection can be performed using the ground-based GPS observations.Using the ground-based GPS inversion snow depth technology,the meteorological departments can further carry out snow cover environmental monitoring research based on the existing ground-based GPS water vapor monitoring network.
作者
张京江
张双成
郭立峰
ZHANG Jingjiang;ZHANG Shuangcheng;GUO Lifeng(Institute of Urban Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100089;College of Geology Engineering and Geomantic,Chang an University,Xi an 710054;Institute of Meteorological Science of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150030)
出处
《气象科技》
2020年第1期46-51,67,共7页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金项目"GPS观测数据反演土壤湿度和积雪深度方法研究"(IUMKY 201714)
中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室开放研究基金项目“基于GPS-MR技术的黑龙江省积雪深度反演应用研究”(stqx201704)资助.
