摘要
目的分析湖南省衡阳市食源性疾病主动监测结果,了解其流行特征及病原体分布,为制定有针对性的防控措施提供参考。方法对2019—2023年衡阳市2家食源性疾病主动监测哨点医院送检的粪便/肛拭子开展沙门菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、副溶血性弧菌、志贺菌、诺如病毒进行检测及分析。结果1511份病例标本共检出421份阳性标本,总阳性率为27.86%(421/1511),二重及以上感染检出率为1.92%(29/1511)。沙门菌检出率最高为16.68%(252/1511),以鼠伤寒沙门菌为主;致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率为7.94%(120/1511),以黏附性大肠埃希菌(enteroaggregative E.coli,EAEC)为主;诺如病毒检出率为5.10%(77/1511),以GⅡ基因型为主;副溶血性弧菌检出率为0.13%(2/1511),志贺菌未检出。第二、三季度以沙门菌和致泻性大肠埃希菌为主;诺如病毒则是在第一、四季度的检出率最高。不同性别间的病原体的检出率比较,差异无统计学意义;不同年龄组的病原体检出率有差异,0~5岁和60~岁的年龄组以沙门菌为主;致泻性大肠埃希菌6~39岁年龄组的检出率最高;诺如病毒则以60~岁年龄组为主。结论2019—2023年衡阳市食源性疾病中检出的病原体主要以沙门菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、诺如病毒为主;病原菌的检出存在季节性和年龄分布。建议加强监测力度,强化不同年龄、不同季节、不同餐饮地点的食品安全的宣传教育,有效控制食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To analyze the active monitoring results of foodborne diseases in Hengyang City,Hunan Province,understand their epidemic characteristics and pathogen distribution,and provide reference for the development of targeted prevention and control measures.Methods Salmonella,V ibrio parahaemolyticus,Shigella,diarrheal Escherichia coli and norovirus were detected and analyzed on fecal/anal swabs sent to two active monitoring sentinel hospitals for foodborne diseases in Hengyang City from 2019 to 2023.Results A total of 421 positive specimens were detected from 1511 case specimens,with a total positive rate of27.86%(421/1511).The detection rate of double or more infections was 1.92%(29/1511).The highest detection rate of Salmonella was 16.68%(252/1511),mainly S.typhimurium;The detection rate of diarrhea causing E.coli was 7.94%(120/1511),with adhesive E.coli(EAEC)being the main type;The detection rate of Norovirus is 5.10%(77/1511),mainly based on the GⅡgenotype;The detection rate of V.parahaemolyticus was 0.13%(2/1511),while Shigella was not detected.Salmonella and diarrheal E.coli are the main pathogens in the second and third quarters;Norovirus has the highest detection rate in the first and fourth quarters.There is no significant difference in the detection rate of pathogens among different genders,while there are differences in the detection rate among different age groups.Salmonella is mainly present in the age groups under 5 and over 60 years old;The detection rate of diarrheal E.coli is highest at the age of 6-39 years old;Norovirus is mainly present in the age group of 60 and above.Conclusions The pathogens detected in foodborne diseases in Hengyang City from 2019 to 2023 are mainly Salmonella,diarrheal E.coli,and Norovirus;The detection of pathogens has seasonal and age distribution.We should strengthen monitoring efforts,promote food safety education in different age groups,seasons,and dining locations,and effectively control the occurrence of foodborne diseases.
作者
邓婵
颜淑妩
周奇文
陈倩
DENG Chan;YAN Shu-wu;ZHOU Qi-wen;CHEN Qian(Department of Microbiological Examination,Hengyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;不详)
出处
《慢性病学杂志》
2024年第7期968-972,980,共6页
Chronic Pathematology Journal
