摘要
目的通过基于学校的减盐教育对长治市小学生家庭食盐摄入和血压的变化进行分析,为建立高血压的防治模式提供参考。方法选取长治市市区28所小学,从每所学校五年级各选取一个班共24个班,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组进行3.5个月的减盐健康教育,并要求将知识传递给家长并监督家长的减盐行为。对照组不干预。同时在干预组和对照组的班级随机抽取10个家庭(包括1名学生和2名家长)进行健康教育前后的问卷调查、体格检查和连续两天24小时尿液的收集。结果健康教育后干预组学生和家长对减盐的认知均较对照组有所提高(P<0.05)。干预组学生的盐摄入量由健康教育前的(7.33±0.27)g/d降为健康教育后的(6.56±0.32)g/d,而对照组由健康教育前(6.76±0.32)g/d增为健康教育后(8.00±0.33)g/d,两组盐摄入量的变化差异有统计学意义(t=6.017,P<0.01);健康教育后干预组家长盐摄入量由(12.60±0.43)g/d降为(10.42±0.39)g/d,而对照组由(11.33±0.41)g/d增为(12.10±0.38)g/d,两组盐摄入量的变化差异有统计学意义(t=5.671,P<0.001)。健康教育前后两组学生的血压变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),家长的收缩压和舒张压变化干预组增长幅度少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于学校的家庭减盐措施有效的提高了家长和学生的认知,降低了家长和学生的食盐摄入水平和家长的血压,对高血压防治有重要指导价值。
Objective To discuss the changes of salt intake and blood pressure in elementary school students and their family members in Changzhi after school based salt reduction education program.Methods Elementary school students in 24 classes of grade 5 were selected from 28 schools in Changzhi city and randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group.Students in the intervention group received 3.5 months of health education on salt reduction,and were required to pass the knowledge to their parents and supervise them on reducing salt intake.A questionnaire survey was conducted and physical examination was performed among 10 families(including one student and two parents)randomly selected from each class of both groups before and after the intervention.24 hour urine samples were also collected in 2 consecutive days to measure the salt levels.Results After the health education,the students and their parents in the intervention group knew more about the benefit of reducing salt intake compared with the control group(P<0.05).The mean salt intake of the intervention group decreased from(7.33±0.27 to 6.56±0.32)g/d,while the mean salt intake of the control group increased from(6.76±0.32 to 8.00±0.33)g/d,the difference in change was statistically significant(t=6.017,P<0.01).After health education,the mean salt intake of parents in the intervention group decreased from(12.60±0.43 to 10.42±0.39)g/d,while the mean salt intake of parents in the control group increased from(11.33±0.41 to 12.10±0.38)g/d,the difference in change of salt intake between the two groups was statistically significant(t=5.671,P<0.01).There was no difference in blood pressure between the two groups before and after health education(P>0.05),while the increase of systolic and diastolic blood pressure of parents in the intervention group was much less than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions School-based family salt reduction intervention can effectively improve the awareness of parents and students on the harmful effects of salt,to reduce the salt intake level which helps to prevent hypertension.
作者
翟艳丽
冯向先
原建慧
段培芬
李志芳
ZHAI Yan-li;FENG Xiang-xian;YUAN Jian-hui;DUAN Pei-fen;LI Zhi-fang(Nutrition and Children Teachers′Office,Department of Preventive Medicine,Changzhi Medical College,Changzhi,Shanxi 046000,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第7期732-736,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
英国医学研究理事会(MRC)基金资助项目(MR/J015903/1)
关键词
小学生
减盐
食盐摄入量
血压
家庭
Primary school students
Salt reduction education
Salt intake
Blood pressure
Family
