摘要
目的分析温州市瓯海区2018年水痘疫情流行特征,评价不同剂次水痘疫苗(varicella vaccine,VarV)保护效力(vaiccine efficacy,VE),为制定其免疫策略提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析水痘疫情流行特征,通过调查1~14岁人群VarV免疫接种率(proportion of population vaccinated,PPV)和病例中VarV接种率(proportion of cases vaccinated,PCV)推算疫苗VE。结果2018年瓯海区报告水痘发病率56.44/10万,1月、10~12月出现发病高峰,占总报告数的51.02%,发病年龄9~14岁出现高峰,中位数为11岁。1~14岁儿童VarV总体VE为51.74%,其中1~7岁VE为65.67%,8~14岁VE为44.81%;1~14岁两剂次VE为79.74%。结论实施两剂次VarV免疫程序可提高VE,在两剂次低覆盖率的人群中,仍无法阻断水痘突破病例的发生和在集体单位内传播,仅使发病年龄中位数后移。建议将两剂次VarV接种程序纳入国家免疫规划,提高两剂次接种覆盖率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in 2018 in Ouhai District of Wenzhou,and to evaluate the vaccine efficacy(VE)of different doses of varicella vaccine(VarV),in order to provide evidence for the vaccination strategy.Methods A descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic characteristics of varicella.VE was assessed by observing the VarV coverage in children of 1-14 years old(PPV)and VarV coverage in vericella cases(PCV).Results In 2018,the reported incidence of varicella was 56.44/100000 in Ouhai district.51.02%of cases occurred in January and October to December.Majority of cases were 9-14 years old with the mean age of 11.The overall VE of VarV in children aged 1-14 years was 51.74%,which was 65.67%in the age group of 1-7 and 44.81%in the age group of 8-14.The VE of 2 doses VarV in children aged 1-14 years was 79.74%.Conclusions The implementation of two doses of VarV immunization program can improve the VE.In the population with low coverage of 2 doses of VarV,it is still unable to block the occurrence of breakthrough cases and the spread of varicella in the crowd,but only to backshift the mean age of disease onset.It is recommended to adopt the two doses of VarV into the national immunization program to increase coverage of VarV.
作者
黄秀敏
吴文秀
梁奕晓
刘丽琳
HUANG Xiu-min;WU Wen-xiu;LIANG Yi-xiao;LIU Li-lin(Ouhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325041,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第7期789-792,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
温州市瓯海区科技计划基金资助项目(2018XM003)
关键词
水痘
流行特征
水痘疫苗
保护效力
Varicella
Epidemic characteristics
Varicella vaccine
Vaccine efficacy
