摘要
目的分析2012-2018年大理州婴幼儿和成人麻疹抗体水平和流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2012-2108年大理州婴幼儿和成人麻疹抗体水平监测的结果和发病情况进行统计分析。结果2012-2018年大理州累计报告麻疹病例160例,年均发病率45.38/100万。其中成人病例86例,占总发病数的53.75%,年均发病率24.39/100万;婴幼儿66例,占总发病数的41.25%,年均发病率为18.72/100万;婴幼儿发病率以8~17月龄最高,18~36月龄最低。成人发病率以15~24岁最低,25~34岁最高。婴幼儿和成人麻疹的流行季节均为3~5月;婴幼儿的发病人群以散居儿童为主,成人发病以工人、农民及民工为主;婴幼儿和成人的发病比例均以无免疫史及免疫史不详的最高,且随剂次的增加而降低。抗体水平监测结果显示,婴幼儿的麻疹抗体保护率(χ2=350.30,P<0.01)和抗体几何平均浓度(geometric mean concentration,GMC)(F=477.13,P<0.01)均高于成人,差异有统计学意义。结论大理州麻疹发病两极化态势严重,婴幼儿及成人依然是麻疹防控的重点人群。应在加强常规免疫工作的同时,定期在婴幼儿和成人间开展查漏补种及强化免疫。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles and to analyze the surveillance data of measles antibody in infants and adults in Dali during 2012 and 2018.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence of measles and surveillance data of measles antibody in infants and adults in Dali during 2012 and 2018.Results From 2012 to 2018,a total of 160 measles cases were reported in Dali,with the annual incidence of 45.38/100000.including 86 adult cases and 66 infant cases,accounting for 53.75%and 41.25%of the total cases,with the average annual incidence of 24.39/100000 and 18.72/100000,respectively.The highest incidences of measles were found to be in 8-17 months old children and 25-34 years old adults,while the lowest incidences were in 18-36 months old children and 15-24 years old adults.March to May was the peak season of measles for both children and adults.Majority of child and adult cases were scattered living children and workers,farmers and migrating workers.Children and adults with no or unknown history of vaccination had the highest incidence of measles which decreased along with the increase of vaccine doses.Antibody surveillance data analysis showed that the antibody protection rate and geometric mean concentration(GMC)of measles in infants and young children were higher than those in adults,the differences were statistically significant(χ~2=350.30,P<0.01;F=477.13,P<0.01).Conclusions The incidences of measles are still high in infants and adults in Dali of Yunnan.Therefore,besides strengthening the routine immunization work,supplementary immunization should be performed regularly among infants,young children and adults.
作者
刘彦君
徐然
管芳
LIU Yan-jun;XU Ran;GUAN Fang(Dali Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第7期809-813,共5页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
关键词
麻疹
抗体水平
两极化
Measles
Antibody level
Polarization
