摘要
研究春小麦‘宁春48号’早熟特点,旨在为宁夏引黄灌区早熟高产春小麦新品种选育和‘宁春48号’优良种质的利用提供理论依据。选取当地主推中晚熟品种‘宁春4号’作为对照,对‘宁春48号’的生育进程、幼穗分化及籽粒灌浆特性进行研究。结果表明,‘宁春48号’较对照‘宁春4号’提前7天成熟,主要体现在分蘖—拔节期、孕穗—抽穗期阶段持续天数较短,抽穗开花后灌浆持续天数没有缩短;幼穗分化在单棱期、二棱期、小花原基形成期持续时间缩短,造成‘宁春48号’穗长较短、小穗数和穗粒数较少;与‘宁春4号’相比,‘宁春48号’起始灌浆较早,灌浆持续时间较长,但灌浆速率整体上低于对照‘宁春4号’。试验认为‘,宁春48号’作为亲本使用时,应选择早熟、大穗、穗粒数多、高灌浆速率的种质材料进行组配;选择过程中,在保证后代材料早熟性及灌浆持续时间长的前提下,选择大穗、穗粒数多、高灌浆速率的后代材料。
To study the early maturity characteristics of spring wheat‘Ningchun 48’, and provide a basis for breeding new spring wheat varieties with early maturing and high-yield in the irrigation districts along the Yellow River of Ningxia and utilizing the elite germplasm‘Ningchun 48’, we studied the development progress, ear differentiation and grain filling characteristics of‘Ningchun 48’, taking‘Ningchun 4’, a local main late variety, as the control. The results showed that:‘Ningchun 48’matured 7 days earlier than‘Ningchun 4’, it had short duration days of tillering and jointing stage, booting and heading stage, and the grouting duration days after heading and flowering was not shortened;‘Ningchun 48’had shorter ear length,fewer kernel number and spikelet number on account of the decrease of duration days of ear differentiation at single ridge stage, double ridges stage and floret primordium formation stage;‘Ningchun 48’started grouting earlier and the grouting days lasted longer, but the grouting rate was lower than that of‘Ningchun 4’. It is suggested that the germplasm materials with early maturity, large spike, more grains per spike and high grouting rate should be selected for combination when‘Ningchun 48’is used as parent;during the selection process, by ensuring the early maturity and the long duration of grouting in the progeny materials, we should select the progeny materials with large spike, more grains per spike and high grouting rate.
作者
陈小龙
李前荣
陶媛
张振锁
赫莲香
Chen Xiaolong;Li Qianrong;Tao Yuan;Zhang Zhensuo;He Lianxiang(Crop Seed Breeding and Propagating Institution of Yongning,Yongning Ningxia 750100;Seed Stock Station of Ningxia,Helan Ningxia 750200)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第7期1-5,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
宁夏回族自治区农业育种专项“小麦新品种选育”(2018NYYZ02).
关键词
春小麦
早熟性
阶段发育
幼穗分化
灌浆速率
spring wheat
early maturity
phase development
ear differentiation
grouting rate
