摘要
目的:研究不同人为干扰程度下野生沙氏鹿茸草Monochasma savatieri Franch.ex Maxim.群落结构特点,为该物种野生抚育提供参考。方法:采用样地调查法对不同人为干扰程度的3个野生沙氏鹿茸草分布点进行调查,分析其群落的种群组成、结构特征和物种多样性。结果:在调查样地中共计有46科84属95种植物,其中1号地人为干扰最小,乔木层种类较其他两地丰富,主要为马尾松、栎树、黄檀、山矾等,灌木层种类丰富,以白花檵木、柃木、盐肤木、金樱子等植物为优势种;2号地人为干扰程度适中,乔木层植物主要为马尾松,灌木层以白花檵木和臭鸡矢藤为主;3号地人为砍伐最为严重,乔木层主要为马尾松和栎树,灌木层以白花檵木和栀子为主。3个调查样地土壤均以腐殖土为主,草本植物较少,草本层伴生植物主要以抗逆性强的一年蓬、沿阶草等为优势种。3个样地沙氏鹿茸草种群相对密度差别较大,1号地沙氏鹿茸草相对密度最少,仅为39.7%;2号地最多为64.1%;3号地为57.1%。2号地Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数与Pielou指数均为最低,物种丰富度随着人工干扰强度增加而增加。结论:不同人为干扰强度影响沙氏鹿茸草伴生群落结构,人为干扰过少,群落郁闭度高,会抑制沙氏鹿茸草种群的正常繁殖;过度的人为干扰,会造成土壤水分蒸发过快、寄主植物减少,同样也不利于沙氏鹿茸草生长发育;适当人为干扰则能创造有利生境,可促进沙氏鹿茸草种群密度增加。
Objective:To study the community structure characteristics of Monochasma savatieri under different human disturbance levels,so as to provide reference for wild breeding of this species.Methods:The sample plot investigation method was used to investigate the distribution sites of three wild Monochasma savatieri with different degree of human disturbance.The community composition,structural characteristics and species diversity were analyzed.Results:There were 95 species of plants belonging to 84 genera and 46 families in the surveyed plots.Among them,No.1 experimental land had the least interference,and the arbor layer was richer than the other two,mainly Pinus massoniana,Quercus acutissima,Dalbergia hupeana,Symplocos sumuntia and others.The shrub layer was rich in variety,Loropetalum chinense,Eurya japonica,Rhus chinensis,Rosa laevigata were used as examples.NO.2 land had the medium interference,the plant of arbor layer was Pinus massoniana,the shrub layer were mainly Loropetalum chinense,Paederia foetida.NO.3 land was the most heavily logged,the arbor layer were mainly Pinus massoniana,Quercus acutissima,the shrub layer were mainly Loropetalum chinense,Gardenia jasminoides.The soil of the three survey plots was mainly humus soil,there were few herbaceous plants.The associated plants in the herbaceous layer were mainly the dominant species with strong resistance to stress,such as Erigeron annuus and Ophiopogon bodinieri.The relative density of Monochasma savatieri in the three plots was significantly different.The relative density of Monochasma savatieri in the NO.1 plot was the lowest(39.7%),that in the NO.2 plot was the highest(64.1%),and that in the NO.3 plot was 57.1%.Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou index were the lowest in the NO.2 plot,and species richness increased with the increase of artificial disturbance intensity.Conclusion:The structure of the associated community of Monochasma savatieri is affected by different human disturbance intensity.Too little human disturbance results in high canopy density,which inhibits the normal reproduction of Monochasma savatieri.Excessive anthropogenic disturbance is not good for the growth and development of Monochasma savatieri because of the rapid evaporation of soil water and the decrease of host plants.Suitable human disturbance can create favorable habitat and promote the increase of population density of Monochasma savatieri.
作者
施咏滔
朱再标
郭巧生
郭军
唐思琪
黄志刚
田汉卿
SHI Yong-tao;ZHU Zai-biao;GUO Qiao-sheng;GUO Jun;TANG Si-qi;HUANG Zhi-gang;TIAN Han-qing(Nanjing Agricultural University,Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing 210095,China;Huizhou Jiuhui Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou 516007,China)
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第3期561-567,共7页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
关键词
半寄生植物
野生抚育
人为干扰
沙氏鹿茸草
Semiparasitic plants
Wild tending
Human disturbance
Monochasma savatieri Franch.ex Maxim
