The paper focuses on the design and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of embedded system for time based dual encryption scheme with Delay Compulsion Function (DCF) and also illustrates the applicatio...The paper focuses on the design and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of embedded system for time based dual encryption scheme with Delay Compulsion Function (DCF) and also illustrates the application of DCF in time based cryptography. Further, the strength of the time based FPGA encryption algorithm with and without using DCF is analyzed using a Nios II processor. This proposed scheme enhances the security of vital data against Brute force attack by incorporating a temporal key distribution where two different keys encrypt the data simultaneously, one being the regular key and the other being the time. The time is included using a dynamically varying number of shifts thereby allowing the system to wait for the duration and this forms the second dimension of the key. Presently, available encryption systems suffer from Brute Force attack in which all the key combinations are tried in order to find the correct key. In such a case, the time taken for breaking the key depends on the speed of the system used for cryptanalysis. The proposed system adds complexity by using dynamically varying sequence of operations, by including the time as a second dimension of the key besides minimizing the possibility of Brute Force attack and increasing the time required for cryptanalysis irrespective of the system capability. As the proposed system needs concurrent execution and real time processing, the system is implemented using Altera Stratix II FPGA and the results are presented.展开更多
The static flow resistivity is a fundamental parameter for measuring and classifying the sound absorption behavior of various types of materials. Several methods have been developed for measuring the static flow resis...The static flow resistivity is a fundamental parameter for measuring and classifying the sound absorption behavior of various types of materials. Several methods have been developed for measuring the static flow resistivity acoustically. Most of these methods cannot be implemented directly in the standard tubes which are widely used for measurements of sound absorption coefficients and impedance as defined in ISO 10534.2. The accuracy of the proposed method and the tube is verified through finite element analysis and the feasibility to determine the static flow resistivity is validated through experiments. It is validated that the accuracy of the proposed method is highly dependent on the position of the acoustic center of the measurement microphones and the accuracy can be enhanced by increasing the back cavity depth and/or decreasing the measurement frequency.展开更多
In this modern era, power generation seems to be a very demanding factor. New models and methods have been proposed to derive from various natural and manmade resources. In such instances, this paper gives a detailed ...In this modern era, power generation seems to be a very demanding factor. New models and methods have been proposed to derive from various natural and manmade resources. In such instances, this paper gives a detailed report on the power generation from Micro Turbines. Micro turbine plays a very important role in electric power generation. Especially they are used in the combined cycle process power plants. The parameters of Rowen’s model 265-MW single shaftheavy duty gas turbines which are used in dynamic studies are estimated in this paper using the operational and performance data. These data are also used to briefly explain the extraction of parameters of the used model. Micro turbine parameters are approximated using simple thermodynamics assumptions. Micro turbine power generation seems to be an uprising and a promising source and an exact design with a perfect model is capable of producing the highest efficiency. Thus this paper is proposed on the aspects of social awareness to elaborate the control design of Micro Turbine Power Generation System. The parameters of micro turbine models are derived and the results of several simulated tests using Matlab/Simulink are presented.展开更多
In Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch (DELD), optimization and evolution computation become a major part with the strategy for solving the issues. From various algorithms Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Opt...In Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch (DELD), optimization and evolution computation become a major part with the strategy for solving the issues. From various algorithms Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms are used to encode in a vector form and in sharing information and both approaches are based on the master-apprentice mechanism for the Dual Evolution Strategy. In order to overcome the challenges like the clustering of PSO, optimization problems and maximum and minimum searching, a new approach is developed with the improvement of searching and efficient process. In this paper, an Enhanced Hybrid Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization (EHDE-PSO) is proposed with Dynamic Sigmoid Weight using parallel procedures. A hybrid form of the proposed approach combines the optimizing algorithm of Enhanced PSO with the Differential Evolution (DE) for the improvement of computation using parallel process. The implementation and the parallel process are analyzed and discussed to gather relevant data to show the performance enhancement which is better than the existing algorithm.展开更多
Classifying the data into a meaningful group is one of the fundamental ways of understanding and learning the valuable information. High-quality clustering methods are necessary for the valuable and efficient analysis...Classifying the data into a meaningful group is one of the fundamental ways of understanding and learning the valuable information. High-quality clustering methods are necessary for the valuable and efficient analysis of the increasing data. The Firefly Algorithm (FA) is one of the bio-inspired algorithms and it is recently used to solve the clustering problems. In this paper, Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by combining the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) with FA to improve the clustering accuracy with global optimum solution. The Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by incorporating FCM operator at the end of each iteration in FA algorithm. This proposed algorithm is designed to utilize the goodness of existing algorithm and to enhance the original FA algorithm by solving the shortcomings in the FCM algorithm like the trapping in local optima and sensitive to initial seed points. In this research work, the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is implemented and experimentally tested for various performance measures under six different benchmark datasets. From the experimental results, it is observed that the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm significantly improves the intra-cluster distance when compared with the existing algorithms like K-means, FCM and FA algorithm.展开更多
A new circuit for realization of universal current-mode filter using current Follower Transconductance Amplifiers (CFTAs) is presented. The proposed circuit realizes current-mode low pass, high pass and band pass filt...A new circuit for realization of universal current-mode filter using current Follower Transconductance Amplifiers (CFTAs) is presented. The proposed circuit realizes current-mode low pass, high pass and band pass filter functions simultaneously with a single current source at the input. The band reject and all pass filters can also be obtained from the proposed circuit without any extra hardware. The proposed circuit employs three passive grounded elements and two CFTAs. Linear electronic control of natural frequency ω0 is available in the proposed circuit. The quality factor can be independently adjusted through grounded resistor. The proposed circuit employs two grounded capacitors and a grounded resistor along with two CFTAs. The grounded resistor can be replaced by an OTA based circuit for linear electronic control of quality factor Q0. The circuit exhibits low active and passive sensitivities for ω0 and Q0. Simulation results are obtained using PSPICE software which is in conformity with the theoretical findings.展开更多
Processes of high-frequency (HF) heating are examined and its parameters for the soldering of electronic modules are optimized. The advantages of HF heating are the following: selectivity by skin-effect;high density o...Processes of high-frequency (HF) heating are examined and its parameters for the soldering of electronic modules are optimized. The advantages of HF heating are the following: selectivity by skin-effect;high density of energy;process- ing in any environment, including vacuum or inert gas;high ecological cleanliness, improvement solder flowing by electrodynamics forces increase the quality of soldering connections. Investigation of HF electromagnetic heating has allowed to optimize heating speed in local zones of soldering connections formation and to improve their quality due to joint action of superficial effects and electromagnetic forces.展开更多
A Single Switch Hybrid Step-up Converter with high voltage gain, which is suitable for renewable energy system, is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter consists of one switched diode-inductor cell and a capa...A Single Switch Hybrid Step-up Converter with high voltage gain, which is suitable for renewable energy system, is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter consists of one switched diode-inductor cell and a capacitor. While switching, both are charged in parallel from the input source and discharged in series to the output. In order to obtain extra voltage gain at lower duty cycle, the voltage multiplier cell is integrated with the proposed converter. The main advantages of the converter are high voltage gain, reduced voltage stress, simple structure and low output voltage ripples. The operating principle and steady state theoretical analysis are presented. A 250 W prototype converter is implemented with 12 V input and 120 V output to verify the design and analysis of this converter and it has an efficiency of over 90% in all operations.展开更多
This paper deals with implementation of Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation (SPWM) for a single-phase hybrid power filter generator for Photovoltaic (PV) and wind grid applications. Using policy iteration algorithm, an ...This paper deals with implementation of Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation (SPWM) for a single-phase hybrid power filter generator for Photovoltaic (PV) and wind grid applications. Using policy iteration algorithm, an improved variable step-size perturbation and observation algorithm is contrived and it is implemented proficiently using a hard-ware description language (VHDL) (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language). Subsequently, the new generated grid source supplements the existing grid power in rural houses during its cut off or restricted supply period. The software is used for generating SPWM modulation integrated with a solar-power & wind power grid system which is implemented on the Spartan 3 FPGA. The proposed algorithm performs as a conventional controller in terms of tracking speed and mitigating fluctuation output power in steady state operation which is shown in the experimental results with a commercial PV array and HPW (Height Weight Proportional) show. Simulation results demonstrate the validity with load of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
Using Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer (TOAD) based switch we have designed all-optical parallel half adder and full adder. The approach to design this all-optical arithmetic circuit not only enhances the co...Using Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer (TOAD) based switch we have designed all-optical parallel half adder and full adder. The approach to design this all-optical arithmetic circuit not only enhances the computational speed but also is capable of synthesizing light as input to produce desire output. The main advantage of parallel circuit is synchronization of input which is not required. All the circuits are designed theoretically and verified through numerical simulations.展开更多
The current IT cloud computing is playing a vital role in most of the areas such as Education, Research, Health care, etc. The cloud computing technology involving in sensor networks embedded system and IOT (Inte...The current IT cloud computing is playing a vital role in most of the areas such as Education, Research, Health care, etc. The cloud computing technology involving in sensor networks embedded system and IOT (Internet of Things). At present scenario, the sensors collected the information from the particular environment, where the sensors are fixed and transfer the collected information to cloud storage, here the challenge is the data transmission i.e. data that traverse from sensor to cloud environment are the big issue and maximum number of data loss is very high especially in dynamic routing environment. If data loss is identified in any routing path then automatically the information will transfer to alternate routing path. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for automatic routing path selection that can be integrated with cloud technology. This algorithm supports when data loss is found in the particular path of a network, then it selects an alternate route to transfer the data. The proposed model is comparatively more efficient than the prior methodologies. The implementation of the proposed work is done on NS3 simulator, and the performance metric is analyzed.展开更多
This paper presents new converter for torque ripple minimization of three phases Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). The proposed converter has basic passive circuit which includes two diodes and one capacitor to the fro...This paper presents new converter for torque ripple minimization of three phases Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). The proposed converter has basic passive circuit which includes two diodes and one capacitor to the front end of an asymmetric converter with a specific end goal to get a high magnetization and demagnetization voltage. In view of this boost capacitor, the charge and demagnetization voltage are higher. Accordingly, it can reduce the negative torque generation from the tail current and enhance the output power. The proposed converter circuit is equipped for minimizing the SRM torque ripple furthermore enhancing the average torque when contrasted with traditional converter circuit. A three-phase SRM is modeled and the simulation output for no load and stacked condition depicts that the proposed converter has better performance when contrasted with traditional converter. It is appropriate for electric vehicle applications. The proposed framework is simulated by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink environment and their outcomes are examined extravagantly.展开更多
This paper considers a model of a recursive neuron whose circuit the author finds interesting, not because of its financial possibility, but because of its surprising electrical behavior. Below, a recursive neuron is ...This paper considers a model of a recursive neuron whose circuit the author finds interesting, not because of its financial possibility, but because of its surprising electrical behavior. Below, a recursive neuron is modeled with excitatory and inhibitory triggering, and simulated using Win Spice. This model is shown to be capable of controlled toggling, and so promises energy-efficient, massively parallel computing.展开更多
The source reactive-current compensation is crucial in energy transmission efficiency. The compensator design in frequency-domain was already widely discussed and examined. This paper presents results of a study on ho...The source reactive-current compensation is crucial in energy transmission efficiency. The compensator design in frequency-domain was already widely discussed and examined. This paper presents results of a study on how to design reactive compensators in time-domain. It’s the first time the reactive compensator have been designed in time domain. The example of compensator design was presented.展开更多
Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. S...Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. Simulation results are included to confirm the theoretical analysis based upon CMOS OTAs implementable in 0.5 μm technology.展开更多
This work summarizes the structure and operating features of a high-performance 3-stage dual-delay-path (DDP) voltage-controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) with self-biased delay cells for Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) structur...This work summarizes the structure and operating features of a high-performance 3-stage dual-delay-path (DDP) voltage-controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) with self-biased delay cells for Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) structurebased clock generation and digital system driving. For a voltage supply V<sub>DD</sub> = 1.8 V, the resulting set of performance parameters include power consumption P<sub><sub></sub>DC</sub> = 4.68 mW and phase noise PN@1MHz = -107.8 dBc/Hz. From the trade-off involving P<sub>DC</sub> and PN, a system level high performance is obtained considering a reference figure-of-merit ( FoM = -224 dBc/Hz ). Implemented at schematic level by applying CMOS-based technology (UMC L180), the proposed VCRO was designed at Cadence environment and optimized at MunEDA WiCkeD tool.展开更多
Voltage divider biasing common emitter amplifier is one of the core contents in analog circuit curriculum, and almost all of traditional textbooks apply approximate calculation method to estimate all characteristic pa...Voltage divider biasing common emitter amplifier is one of the core contents in analog circuit curriculum, and almost all of traditional textbooks apply approximate calculation method to estimate all characteristic parameters. In calculating quiescent point, transistor base current is generally ignored to get the approximate base potential and emitter current, then other operating parameters, and AC small signal parameters can be acquired. The main purpose of this paper is to compare traditional and Thevenin equivalent methods and to get the difference of the two methods. A Formula is given to calculate the error of the traditional method. Example calculating reveals that the traditional method can generate an error about 10%, and even severe for small signal amplifier with higher quiescent point.展开更多
New voltage-controlled floating inductors employing CFOAs and an analog multiplier have been presented which have the attractive features of using a canonic number of passive components (only two resistors and a capac...New voltage-controlled floating inductors employing CFOAs and an analog multiplier have been presented which have the attractive features of using a canonic number of passive components (only two resistors and a capacitor) and not requiring any component-matching conditions and design constraints for the intended type of inductance realization. The workability and applications of the new circuits have been demonstrated by SPICE simulation and hardware experimental results based upon AD844-type CFOAs and AD633-type/MPY534 type analog multipliers.展开更多
A new Single-Resistance-Controlled (SRC) sinusoidal oscillator using single Voltage Differencing-Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), only four passive components (two capacitors and two resistors), is pre...A new Single-Resistance-Controlled (SRC) sinusoidal oscillator using single Voltage Differencing-Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), only four passive components (two capacitors and two resistors), is presented. The proposed structure provides the following advantageous features: 1) independent control of oscillation frequency and condition of oscillation and 2) low active and passive sensitivities. The effects of non-idealities of the VD-DIBA on the proposed oscillator have also been investigated. The proposed SRC sinusoidal oscillator has been checked for robustness using Monte-Carlo simulation. SPICE simulation results have been included using 0.35 μm MIETEC technology to confirm the validity of the proposed SRC sinusoidal oscillator.展开更多
In large inter connected power systems, inter-area oscillations are turned to be a severe problem. Hence inter-area oscillations cause severe problems like damage to generators, reduce the power transfer capability of...In large inter connected power systems, inter-area oscillations are turned to be a severe problem. Hence inter-area oscillations cause severe problems like damage to generators, reduce the power transfer capability of transmission lines, increase wear and tear on network components, increase line losses etc. This paper is to maintain the stability of system by damping inter-area oscillations. Implementation of new equipment consists of high power electronics based technologies such as FACTs and proper controller design has become an essential to provide better damping performance than Power System Stabilizer (PSS). With development of Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS), remote signals have become as feedback signals to design Wide Area Damping Controller (WADC) for FACTs devices. In this work, POD is applied to both SVC and SSSC. Simulation studies are carried out in Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the FACTs controller in a large area power system. Results show that extensive analysis of FACTs controller for improving stability of system.展开更多
文摘The paper focuses on the design and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of embedded system for time based dual encryption scheme with Delay Compulsion Function (DCF) and also illustrates the application of DCF in time based cryptography. Further, the strength of the time based FPGA encryption algorithm with and without using DCF is analyzed using a Nios II processor. This proposed scheme enhances the security of vital data against Brute force attack by incorporating a temporal key distribution where two different keys encrypt the data simultaneously, one being the regular key and the other being the time. The time is included using a dynamically varying number of shifts thereby allowing the system to wait for the duration and this forms the second dimension of the key. Presently, available encryption systems suffer from Brute Force attack in which all the key combinations are tried in order to find the correct key. In such a case, the time taken for breaking the key depends on the speed of the system used for cryptanalysis. The proposed system adds complexity by using dynamically varying sequence of operations, by including the time as a second dimension of the key besides minimizing the possibility of Brute Force attack and increasing the time required for cryptanalysis irrespective of the system capability. As the proposed system needs concurrent execution and real time processing, the system is implemented using Altera Stratix II FPGA and the results are presented.
文摘The static flow resistivity is a fundamental parameter for measuring and classifying the sound absorption behavior of various types of materials. Several methods have been developed for measuring the static flow resistivity acoustically. Most of these methods cannot be implemented directly in the standard tubes which are widely used for measurements of sound absorption coefficients and impedance as defined in ISO 10534.2. The accuracy of the proposed method and the tube is verified through finite element analysis and the feasibility to determine the static flow resistivity is validated through experiments. It is validated that the accuracy of the proposed method is highly dependent on the position of the acoustic center of the measurement microphones and the accuracy can be enhanced by increasing the back cavity depth and/or decreasing the measurement frequency.
文摘In this modern era, power generation seems to be a very demanding factor. New models and methods have been proposed to derive from various natural and manmade resources. In such instances, this paper gives a detailed report on the power generation from Micro Turbines. Micro turbine plays a very important role in electric power generation. Especially they are used in the combined cycle process power plants. The parameters of Rowen’s model 265-MW single shaftheavy duty gas turbines which are used in dynamic studies are estimated in this paper using the operational and performance data. These data are also used to briefly explain the extraction of parameters of the used model. Micro turbine parameters are approximated using simple thermodynamics assumptions. Micro turbine power generation seems to be an uprising and a promising source and an exact design with a perfect model is capable of producing the highest efficiency. Thus this paper is proposed on the aspects of social awareness to elaborate the control design of Micro Turbine Power Generation System. The parameters of micro turbine models are derived and the results of several simulated tests using Matlab/Simulink are presented.
文摘In Dynamic Economic Load Dispatch (DELD), optimization and evolution computation become a major part with the strategy for solving the issues. From various algorithms Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms are used to encode in a vector form and in sharing information and both approaches are based on the master-apprentice mechanism for the Dual Evolution Strategy. In order to overcome the challenges like the clustering of PSO, optimization problems and maximum and minimum searching, a new approach is developed with the improvement of searching and efficient process. In this paper, an Enhanced Hybrid Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization (EHDE-PSO) is proposed with Dynamic Sigmoid Weight using parallel procedures. A hybrid form of the proposed approach combines the optimizing algorithm of Enhanced PSO with the Differential Evolution (DE) for the improvement of computation using parallel process. The implementation and the parallel process are analyzed and discussed to gather relevant data to show the performance enhancement which is better than the existing algorithm.
文摘Classifying the data into a meaningful group is one of the fundamental ways of understanding and learning the valuable information. High-quality clustering methods are necessary for the valuable and efficient analysis of the increasing data. The Firefly Algorithm (FA) is one of the bio-inspired algorithms and it is recently used to solve the clustering problems. In this paper, Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by combining the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) with FA to improve the clustering accuracy with global optimum solution. The Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by incorporating FCM operator at the end of each iteration in FA algorithm. This proposed algorithm is designed to utilize the goodness of existing algorithm and to enhance the original FA algorithm by solving the shortcomings in the FCM algorithm like the trapping in local optima and sensitive to initial seed points. In this research work, the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is implemented and experimentally tested for various performance measures under six different benchmark datasets. From the experimental results, it is observed that the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm significantly improves the intra-cluster distance when compared with the existing algorithms like K-means, FCM and FA algorithm.
文摘A new circuit for realization of universal current-mode filter using current Follower Transconductance Amplifiers (CFTAs) is presented. The proposed circuit realizes current-mode low pass, high pass and band pass filter functions simultaneously with a single current source at the input. The band reject and all pass filters can also be obtained from the proposed circuit without any extra hardware. The proposed circuit employs three passive grounded elements and two CFTAs. Linear electronic control of natural frequency ω0 is available in the proposed circuit. The quality factor can be independently adjusted through grounded resistor. The proposed circuit employs two grounded capacitors and a grounded resistor along with two CFTAs. The grounded resistor can be replaced by an OTA based circuit for linear electronic control of quality factor Q0. The circuit exhibits low active and passive sensitivities for ω0 and Q0. Simulation results are obtained using PSPICE software which is in conformity with the theoretical findings.
文摘Processes of high-frequency (HF) heating are examined and its parameters for the soldering of electronic modules are optimized. The advantages of HF heating are the following: selectivity by skin-effect;high density of energy;process- ing in any environment, including vacuum or inert gas;high ecological cleanliness, improvement solder flowing by electrodynamics forces increase the quality of soldering connections. Investigation of HF electromagnetic heating has allowed to optimize heating speed in local zones of soldering connections formation and to improve their quality due to joint action of superficial effects and electromagnetic forces.
文摘A Single Switch Hybrid Step-up Converter with high voltage gain, which is suitable for renewable energy system, is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter consists of one switched diode-inductor cell and a capacitor. While switching, both are charged in parallel from the input source and discharged in series to the output. In order to obtain extra voltage gain at lower duty cycle, the voltage multiplier cell is integrated with the proposed converter. The main advantages of the converter are high voltage gain, reduced voltage stress, simple structure and low output voltage ripples. The operating principle and steady state theoretical analysis are presented. A 250 W prototype converter is implemented with 12 V input and 120 V output to verify the design and analysis of this converter and it has an efficiency of over 90% in all operations.
文摘This paper deals with implementation of Sinusoidal Pulse-Width-Modulation (SPWM) for a single-phase hybrid power filter generator for Photovoltaic (PV) and wind grid applications. Using policy iteration algorithm, an improved variable step-size perturbation and observation algorithm is contrived and it is implemented proficiently using a hard-ware description language (VHDL) (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language). Subsequently, the new generated grid source supplements the existing grid power in rural houses during its cut off or restricted supply period. The software is used for generating SPWM modulation integrated with a solar-power & wind power grid system which is implemented on the Spartan 3 FPGA. The proposed algorithm performs as a conventional controller in terms of tracking speed and mitigating fluctuation output power in steady state operation which is shown in the experimental results with a commercial PV array and HPW (Height Weight Proportional) show. Simulation results demonstrate the validity with load of the proposed algorithm.
文摘Using Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer (TOAD) based switch we have designed all-optical parallel half adder and full adder. The approach to design this all-optical arithmetic circuit not only enhances the computational speed but also is capable of synthesizing light as input to produce desire output. The main advantage of parallel circuit is synchronization of input which is not required. All the circuits are designed theoretically and verified through numerical simulations.
文摘The current IT cloud computing is playing a vital role in most of the areas such as Education, Research, Health care, etc. The cloud computing technology involving in sensor networks embedded system and IOT (Internet of Things). At present scenario, the sensors collected the information from the particular environment, where the sensors are fixed and transfer the collected information to cloud storage, here the challenge is the data transmission i.e. data that traverse from sensor to cloud environment are the big issue and maximum number of data loss is very high especially in dynamic routing environment. If data loss is identified in any routing path then automatically the information will transfer to alternate routing path. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for automatic routing path selection that can be integrated with cloud technology. This algorithm supports when data loss is found in the particular path of a network, then it selects an alternate route to transfer the data. The proposed model is comparatively more efficient than the prior methodologies. The implementation of the proposed work is done on NS3 simulator, and the performance metric is analyzed.
文摘This paper presents new converter for torque ripple minimization of three phases Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). The proposed converter has basic passive circuit which includes two diodes and one capacitor to the front end of an asymmetric converter with a specific end goal to get a high magnetization and demagnetization voltage. In view of this boost capacitor, the charge and demagnetization voltage are higher. Accordingly, it can reduce the negative torque generation from the tail current and enhance the output power. The proposed converter circuit is equipped for minimizing the SRM torque ripple furthermore enhancing the average torque when contrasted with traditional converter circuit. A three-phase SRM is modeled and the simulation output for no load and stacked condition depicts that the proposed converter has better performance when contrasted with traditional converter. It is appropriate for electric vehicle applications. The proposed framework is simulated by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink environment and their outcomes are examined extravagantly.
文摘This paper considers a model of a recursive neuron whose circuit the author finds interesting, not because of its financial possibility, but because of its surprising electrical behavior. Below, a recursive neuron is modeled with excitatory and inhibitory triggering, and simulated using Win Spice. This model is shown to be capable of controlled toggling, and so promises energy-efficient, massively parallel computing.
文摘The source reactive-current compensation is crucial in energy transmission efficiency. The compensator design in frequency-domain was already widely discussed and examined. This paper presents results of a study on how to design reactive compensators in time-domain. It’s the first time the reactive compensator have been designed in time domain. The example of compensator design was presented.
文摘Five new electronically-controllable second order current-mode sinusoidal oscillators using three mul-ti-output operational transconductance amplifiers (MO-OTAs) and two grounded capacitors (GC) have been presented. Simulation results are included to confirm the theoretical analysis based upon CMOS OTAs implementable in 0.5 μm technology.
文摘This work summarizes the structure and operating features of a high-performance 3-stage dual-delay-path (DDP) voltage-controlled ring oscillator (VCRO) with self-biased delay cells for Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) structurebased clock generation and digital system driving. For a voltage supply V<sub>DD</sub> = 1.8 V, the resulting set of performance parameters include power consumption P<sub><sub></sub>DC</sub> = 4.68 mW and phase noise PN@1MHz = -107.8 dBc/Hz. From the trade-off involving P<sub>DC</sub> and PN, a system level high performance is obtained considering a reference figure-of-merit ( FoM = -224 dBc/Hz ). Implemented at schematic level by applying CMOS-based technology (UMC L180), the proposed VCRO was designed at Cadence environment and optimized at MunEDA WiCkeD tool.
文摘Voltage divider biasing common emitter amplifier is one of the core contents in analog circuit curriculum, and almost all of traditional textbooks apply approximate calculation method to estimate all characteristic parameters. In calculating quiescent point, transistor base current is generally ignored to get the approximate base potential and emitter current, then other operating parameters, and AC small signal parameters can be acquired. The main purpose of this paper is to compare traditional and Thevenin equivalent methods and to get the difference of the two methods. A Formula is given to calculate the error of the traditional method. Example calculating reveals that the traditional method can generate an error about 10%, and even severe for small signal amplifier with higher quiescent point.
文摘New voltage-controlled floating inductors employing CFOAs and an analog multiplier have been presented which have the attractive features of using a canonic number of passive components (only two resistors and a capacitor) and not requiring any component-matching conditions and design constraints for the intended type of inductance realization. The workability and applications of the new circuits have been demonstrated by SPICE simulation and hardware experimental results based upon AD844-type CFOAs and AD633-type/MPY534 type analog multipliers.
文摘A new Single-Resistance-Controlled (SRC) sinusoidal oscillator using single Voltage Differencing-Differential Input Buffered Amplifier (VD-DIBA), only four passive components (two capacitors and two resistors), is presented. The proposed structure provides the following advantageous features: 1) independent control of oscillation frequency and condition of oscillation and 2) low active and passive sensitivities. The effects of non-idealities of the VD-DIBA on the proposed oscillator have also been investigated. The proposed SRC sinusoidal oscillator has been checked for robustness using Monte-Carlo simulation. SPICE simulation results have been included using 0.35 μm MIETEC technology to confirm the validity of the proposed SRC sinusoidal oscillator.
文摘In large inter connected power systems, inter-area oscillations are turned to be a severe problem. Hence inter-area oscillations cause severe problems like damage to generators, reduce the power transfer capability of transmission lines, increase wear and tear on network components, increase line losses etc. This paper is to maintain the stability of system by damping inter-area oscillations. Implementation of new equipment consists of high power electronics based technologies such as FACTs and proper controller design has become an essential to provide better damping performance than Power System Stabilizer (PSS). With development of Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS), remote signals have become as feedback signals to design Wide Area Damping Controller (WADC) for FACTs devices. In this work, POD is applied to both SVC and SSSC. Simulation studies are carried out in Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the FACTs controller in a large area power system. Results show that extensive analysis of FACTs controller for improving stability of system.
