This paper aims at investigating the Mandarin tone perception of native Kam speakers in Rongjiang area through the categorical perception experiment,and comparing with the results of the native Mandarin speakers.The r...This paper aims at investigating the Mandarin tone perception of native Kam speakers in Rongjiang area through the categorical perception experiment,and comparing with the results of the native Mandarin speakers.The results show that the native Kam speakers are able to differentiate phonemic categories among the four Mandarin tones in pairs at the linguistic level.At the behavioral level,the tone perception of T1-T2,T1-T3(T3 as baseline),T1-T4,T2-T4 and T3-T4(T3 as baseline)continua is shown to be categorical,but the degree of categorization is significantly lower than that of the Mandarin speakers.In T1-T3(T1 as baseline),T2-T3 and T3-T4(T4 as baseline)continua,the kam speakers fail to establish categorical perception,exhibiting continuous perception instead.The results indicate that complex tone system of the Kam language does not facilitate the categorical perception of Mandarin tones by Kam speakers.展开更多
This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded.The acoustic and articulatory ...This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded.The acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion production.The results suggest that,on the one hand,those two languages share some common features:(1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions;(2) 'Sad' and 'Angry' vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions;(3)The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions,except[a]or[A].We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth opening.The mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary features.On the other hand,differences also exist between those two languages;(l)In Chinese,the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of emotion intensity;in Japanese,however, 'Angry' is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space,and 'Sad' by a vertically compressed acoustic space.(2)In Chinese,emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement;in Japanese,emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction,which can be enhanced by 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent age and gender would affect the voice parameters of native Mandarin Chinese speakers.Participants were required to produce sustained vowel/a/with comfortable...The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent age and gender would affect the voice parameters of native Mandarin Chinese speakers.Participants were required to produce sustained vowel/a/with comfortable pitch and loudness.From the speech samples,34 voice parameters were extracted by using Multi-Dimensional Voice Program(MDVP).The parameters were divided into several groups according to their correlation coefficients.Groups related to F0,to short-term perturbation of period and amplitude,to long-term variation of period and amplitude,to spectrum and to duration were found to be affected by age and gender.In each of them,one of the most important parameters was selected to represent the variation tendency with gender and age.Therefore,to estimate the degree of a voice deviation from normal,the factors of age and gender should be considered.The mean and variance of the parameters were given in this paper,and were compared according to their gender and age.Finally,a normative voice database was constructed for the reference of dysphonia diagnosis for Chinese.展开更多
Frication of high vowels has three levels in auditory impression,including non-frication,low frication,and high frication.The aim of this study was to study the acoustic characteristics and social variability of the t...Frication of high vowels has three levels in auditory impression,including non-frication,low frication,and high frication.The aim of this study was to study the acoustic characteristics and social variability of the three levels via the method of multivariate statistical modeling.We estimated the weighting of each parameter by fitting the model of Boosted Logistic Regression to obtain the optimal parametric set.Pattern recognition then quantified the social variability with the optimal set.It showed that the acoustic characteristics of the vowel frication are mainly reflected in the formants,of which the second bandwidth (B2) plays the most prominent role in distinguishing the three levels.Three dimensional diagrams further illustrated that the high frication group has the greatest B2 value,with the smallest first formant (F1) and skewness,while the non-frication group is completely the opposite.Results of pattern recognition showed that the degrees of variation in age and gender are both close to 19%,where the higher the frication level is,the greater the variability is.This paper thus suggested that low frication variants should be treated as fricative approximants,instead of fricative vowels as reported in the literature.展开更多
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(22&ZD213)
文摘This paper aims at investigating the Mandarin tone perception of native Kam speakers in Rongjiang area through the categorical perception experiment,and comparing with the results of the native Mandarin speakers.The results show that the native Kam speakers are able to differentiate phonemic categories among the four Mandarin tones in pairs at the linguistic level.At the behavioral level,the tone perception of T1-T2,T1-T3(T3 as baseline),T1-T4,T2-T4 and T3-T4(T3 as baseline)continua is shown to be categorical,but the degree of categorization is significantly lower than that of the Mandarin speakers.In T1-T3(T1 as baseline),T2-T3 and T3-T4(T4 as baseline)continua,the kam speakers fail to establish categorical perception,exhibiting continuous perception instead.The results indicate that complex tone system of the Kam language does not facilitate the categorical perception of Mandarin tones by Kam speakers.
基金funded by JSPS Ronpaku Program and NSFC Project with No.60975081CASS innovation project
文摘This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded.The acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion production.The results suggest that,on the one hand,those two languages share some common features:(1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions;(2) 'Sad' and 'Angry' vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions;(3)The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions,except[a]or[A].We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth opening.The mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary features.On the other hand,differences also exist between those two languages;(l)In Chinese,the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of emotion intensity;in Japanese,however, 'Angry' is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space,and 'Sad' by a vertically compressed acoustic space.(2)In Chinese,emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement;in Japanese,emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction,which can be enhanced by 'Angry' and 'Sad' emotions.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.18BYY189)Major projects of Ministry of Education of China(No.17JJD740001).
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent age and gender would affect the voice parameters of native Mandarin Chinese speakers.Participants were required to produce sustained vowel/a/with comfortable pitch and loudness.From the speech samples,34 voice parameters were extracted by using Multi-Dimensional Voice Program(MDVP).The parameters were divided into several groups according to their correlation coefficients.Groups related to F0,to short-term perturbation of period and amplitude,to long-term variation of period and amplitude,to spectrum and to duration were found to be affected by age and gender.In each of them,one of the most important parameters was selected to represent the variation tendency with gender and age.Therefore,to estimate the degree of a voice deviation from normal,the factors of age and gender should be considered.The mean and variance of the parameters were given in this paper,and were compared according to their gender and age.Finally,a normative voice database was constructed for the reference of dysphonia diagnosis for Chinese.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(19BYY048)the Major Program of the National Social Science Foundation of China(19ZDA307)
文摘Frication of high vowels has three levels in auditory impression,including non-frication,low frication,and high frication.The aim of this study was to study the acoustic characteristics and social variability of the three levels via the method of multivariate statistical modeling.We estimated the weighting of each parameter by fitting the model of Boosted Logistic Regression to obtain the optimal parametric set.Pattern recognition then quantified the social variability with the optimal set.It showed that the acoustic characteristics of the vowel frication are mainly reflected in the formants,of which the second bandwidth (B2) plays the most prominent role in distinguishing the three levels.Three dimensional diagrams further illustrated that the high frication group has the greatest B2 value,with the smallest first formant (F1) and skewness,while the non-frication group is completely the opposite.Results of pattern recognition showed that the degrees of variation in age and gender are both close to 19%,where the higher the frication level is,the greater the variability is.This paper thus suggested that low frication variants should be treated as fricative approximants,instead of fricative vowels as reported in the literature.
