Objective:Cell co-culture technology has been widely used to analyze the effects of drugs on cell proliferation and the expression of some proteins in cells,especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)...Objective:Cell co-culture technology has been widely used to analyze the effects of drugs on cell proliferation and the expression of some proteins in cells,especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM);however,the interactions between cells and the transmission of TCM effects between cells have not been adequately studied.Materials and Methods:Using data on gene transcription regulation,biological response,signal channel,and cell-specific expression protein,we built a network for cell types based on entity grammar.Through the correspondence and location information of signal molecules and receptors,type-specific networks of single cells were connected and a multicellular network of smooth muscle cells,neurons,and vascular endothelial cells was constructed.The mechanism of action of nimodipine was analyzed based on the multicellular communication network and its simulation capability was evaluated.Results:The outputs generated by the model developed in this study showed that nimodipine inhibited smooth muscle contraction,due to the overload of Ca^(2+)and the toxicity of excitatory amino acids,and protected neurons and vascular endothelial cells by supporting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis.These results were consistent with the known mechanism of nimodipine action,thus confirming that the multicellular network can be used to study the transmission of drug effects among cells.Conclusions:This study lays a foundation for the analysis of the transmission of drug effects in multi-cells,tissues,organs,and other spatial scales through multicellular co-culture experiments,based on a multicellular communication network.In addition,it provides a biological network model for the analysis of TCM action mechanisms.展开更多
Centella asiatica,a traditional Chinese medicine belonging to the Umbelliferae family,was recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Owing to its wide developmental prospects,many scholars have extensively explored C.asiatic...Centella asiatica,a traditional Chinese medicine belonging to the Umbelliferae family,was recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Owing to its wide developmental prospects,many scholars have extensively explored C.asiatica and made significant progress in recent years.In this study,we summarize the phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical applications of C.asiatica(L.)Urban based on Google Scholar,PubMed,and CNKI databases.Triterpenes and their glycosides,flavonoids,terpenoids,and volatile oils occur in herbs.The pharmacological effects mainly comprise improving cognition and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and anti-inflammation activity.Clinical applications include the treatment of chronic kidney diseases,malignant intestinal obstruction,radiation dermatitis,precancerous lesions,chronic prostatitis,Alzheimer's disease,and other diseases.This review provides insights into the phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical applications of C.asiatica and summarizes the shortcomings of the research in recent years to provide a reference for future research.展开更多
Objective: Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide(QG) can alleviate immunological bone marrow failure(BMF) by increasing platelet counts. However, the principal mechanism is less known. This study aimed at deciphering the pos...Objective: Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide(QG) can alleviate immunological bone marrow failure(BMF) by increasing platelet counts. However, the principal mechanism is less known. This study aimed at deciphering the possible underlying mechanism of QG that is indicated in thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods: In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out for investigating the mechanism behind QG-facilitated inhibition of mitochondrial pathway-mediated excessive apoptosis of platelets through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway. Results: Our results revealed that QG, the main effective ingredient of Herba Sarcandrae, increases the number of platelets and decreases the expression of Bax, Bad, Bid, and caspase-9 in immunological BMF, indicating the inhibition of mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, we found that the protein and m RNA expressions, as well as the phosphorylated levels of PI3K and AKT, were increased significantly by QG, suggesting the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway by LY294002 antagonizes the effects of QG on platelet counts and mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion: We demonstrate that QG inhibits the mitochondria pathway-mediated platelet apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT pathway in immunological BMF. This study thus sheds light on exploring the possible regulatory mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of thrombocytopenia induced by BMF.展开更多
The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative an...The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative analysis by standardized reference extract(QASRE),and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance展开更多
Rodgersia is a traditional Chinese medicine that contains a variety of chemical constituents,including flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,gallic acid derivatives,steroids,volatile oils,and tannins,with anti-inflam...Rodgersia is a traditional Chinese medicine that contains a variety of chemical constituents,including flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,gallic acid derivatives,steroids,volatile oils,and tannins,with anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antitumor,antibacterial,antivirus,hepatoprotective,and other properties.In this paper,the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rodgersia are summarized.On this basis,the quality markers of this genus were predicted based on chemical composition,traditional medicinal properties,traditional efficacy,and measurable components.This review provides the basis for in-depth research,utilization,and quality control of Rodgersia.展开更多
WJTCM,as a peer-reviewed open access journal,has an international editorial board representing various TCM disciplines which meets the quality standards required for a first-class international journal.The editorial b...WJTCM,as a peer-reviewed open access journal,has an international editorial board representing various TCM disciplines which meets the quality standards required for a first-class international journal.The editorial board consists of 83 TCM experts from 22 countries.展开更多
Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in ...Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves.Materials and Methods:A practical chromatographic method combining high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint analysis and quantitation was used to simultaneously determine 11 flavonoids(6 flavonol glycosides and 5 biflavones)in G.biloba leaves from different regions.Results:A total of 11 characteristic peaks were identified accurately,and the similarity of fingerprints ranged from 0.944 to 0.996.Methodology validation revealed appropriate linearity(R^(2)≥0.9997),precision,repeatability,stability,and recovery.The total contents of the six flavonol glycosides and five biflavones were within the range of 2.142-8.378 mg/g and 3.759-5.675 mg/g in 19 batches of samples,respectively.Among them,two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides were the predominant components.Conclusions:In this study,a convenient and reliable approach was successfully employed for the comprehensive evaluation of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves,which also provided a reference for its quality standard.展开更多
Acupuncture has been used for 1000 years, but how it gives therapeutic effect is not completely understood. Integration of brain wave as the central nervous system plays an important role in acupuncture efficacy. To e...Acupuncture has been used for 1000 years, but how it gives therapeutic effect is not completely understood. Integration of brain wave as the central nervous system plays an important role in acupuncture efficacy. To explore the effect of acupuncture stimulation in the central nervous system, it is imperative to decide the adjustments in brain waves that produced because of acupuncture stimulation. Electroencephalogram(EEG) is often used in the acupuncture research area. EEG records spontaneous cerebral activity after some time by positioning electrodes on scalp surface. Using EEG, we can observe the brain connectivity regarding the acupuncture stimulation. An overview regarding the effect of manual acupuncture on human brain wave through EEG observation will be discussed in this review.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was...Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was induced in C57 BL/6 mice by krypton laser and bone marrow-derived cells(BMCs) isolated from enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) transgenic mice were injected through tail vein 0.5–1 h after the laser surgery.The BMC-treated mice were randomly divided into two groups gavaged with either distilled water(DW group) or LXHY formula solution from day 1 after laser surgery.On days 7,14,and 28 after treatment,histopathologic examination,fundus fluorescein angiography,and choroidal flatmount assay were performed to measure the CNV severity and BMC recruitment.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF?1α),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were detected by immunofluorescent staining.Results:On days 7 and 14 after treatment,CNV lesions in the LXHY-treated mice showed less recruitment of BMCs and were smaller in size compared to DW-treated mice.Histological examination also confirmed less severe CNV lesions in the LXHY group.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood in the LXHY group were less than that of DW group on days 7 and 14.Moreover,the expression levels of SDF-1α,ICAM?1,and VCAM?1 at the lesion sites in the LXHY group were lower compared with the DW group.Conclusion:This experiment indicated that LXHY formula could inhibit CNV formation and development,probably by inhibiting the recruitment and attachment of BMCs into CNV area.展开更多
Objective: Digoxin is a therapeutic cardenolide widely used to treat various heart conditions such as atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and heart failure in both Western as well as Chinese medicine. Digoxin is extra...Objective: Digoxin is a therapeutic cardenolide widely used to treat various heart conditions such as atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and heart failure in both Western as well as Chinese medicine. Digoxin is extracted from cultivated Digitalis lanata Ehrh. plants, known as Mao Hua Yang Di Huang in Chinese medicine. This manuscript presents two studies that were conducted to optimize the cultivation conditions for digoxin production in the TCM Mao Hua Yan Di Huang in a greenhouse under GAP conditions.Methods: Two experiments were designed in which 4 growth conditions were compared. Levels of digoxin, gitoxin, digitoxin, α-acetyldigoxin, β-acetyl-digoxin were measured using HPLC-UV and compared between the conditions.Results: Normal soil, no CO_2 enrichment combined with a cold shock was found to be the optimal condition for producing digoxin in the first experiment. Gitoxin content was significantly lower in plants grown in this condition. Mechanical stress as well as the time of harvesting showed no statistically significant differences in the production of cardenolides. In the second experiment the optimal condition was found to be a combination of cold nights, sun screen, fertilizer use and no milled soil.Conclusion: This study shows that digoxin production can be increased by controlling the growth conditions of D. lanata Ehrh. The effect of cold was important in both experiments for improving digoxin production. Cultivating Chinese herbal medicines in optimized greenhouse conditions might be an economically attractive alternative to regular open air cultivation.展开更多
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(BUCM)was founded in 1956,and is one of the earliest established traditional Chinese medical institutions for higher educat:ion in the People’s Republic of China.Today,BUCM has 1...Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(BUCM)was founded in 1956,and is one of the earliest established traditional Chinese medical institutions for higher educat:ion in the People’s Republic of China.Today,BUCM has 10 schools with 2,462 staff and 27,833 students,3 affiliated hospitals with 1960 medical staff and equipped with 2200 beds average daily out-patient capacity is over7000 each.Scientific research funding is over$16.5展开更多
World Journalof Traditional Chinese Medicine(WJTCM),a peer reviewed and openaccess journal,is sponsored by WFCMS,and it is the official journal of Good Practice in Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Association(GP-...World Journalof Traditional Chinese Medicine(WJTCM),a peer reviewed and openaccess journal,is sponsored by WFCMS,and it is the official journal of Good Practice in Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Association(GP-TCM RA).展开更多
Background:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating condition.SCI pathology has been associated with ferroptosis.Traditional Chinese Medicine has shown potential in the treatment of nervous system diseases via ferropto...Background:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating condition.SCI pathology has been associated with ferroptosis.Traditional Chinese Medicine has shown potential in the treatment of nervous system diseases via ferroptosis inhibition.However,the effect exerted by electroacupuncture(EA)treatment on SCI via ferroptosis pathway inhibition remains poorly investigated.Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which EA regulates the expression of relevant cytokines in the Xc-/Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)pathway and suppresses ferroptosis in rats with SCI.Materials and Methods:Eighty healthy female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into SCI model,EA treatment(SCI+EA),and deferoxamine treatment(SCI+DFO)groups after Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan(BBB)scoring.A sham operation group(sham)was also formed.Each group had 20 animals.In the SCI+EA group,Dazhui(GV14),Yaoyangguan(GV3),bilateral Ciliao(BL32),and Zusanli(ST36)were subjected to EA treatment once daily for 20 min per session for 14 sessions.In the DFO group,rats were injected intraperitoneally with DFO on alternate days.Following the completion of treatment and BBB scoring,the rats were euthanized,and their spinal cord tissues were collected for the subsequent detection of relevant targets.Results:Compared to the rats in the sham group,those in the SCI group had lower BBB scores,spinal cord tissue damage,higher tissue iron and reactive oxygen species concentrations,and lower levels of solute carrier family 7,member 11,(SLC7A11,also known as x CT),and GPX4.The treatment improved all indices.EA was more effective than DFO treatment in improving SLC7A11 protein expression.Conclusion:EA can improve neurological function in rats with SCI by upregulating the expression of related cytokines in the Xc-/GPX4 pathway,suppressing ferroptosis,and alleviating the inflammatory response.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)combined with chemical drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Materials and Methods:Databases were searched to retrieve ra...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)combined with chemical drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Materials and Methods:Databases were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of CHMs combined with tacrine,galantamine,rivastigmine,donepezil,or memantine,following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.Only research papers published in English,Chinese,and Japanese were considered.The primary outcome was the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)score and the secondary outcomes were AD assessment scale cognitive subscale(ADAS-Cog)score and safety evaluation.Meta-analysis was carried out using Rev Man 5.3 and subgroup analysis was conducted to identify the sources of heterogeneity.Results:A total of 15 RCTs with 1386 participants were included in this study.Only donepezil was used in the retrieved literature.Meta-analyses showed that the combination of CHMs with donepezil led to significant improvement in the MMSE score(Z=9.45;P<0.00001;weighted mean difference[WMD]=2.68,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.12-3.24)and a significant decrease in the ADAS-Cog score(Z=5.53;P<0.00001;WMD=-3.79;95%CI:-5.13--2.44).Safety evaluation demonstrated that these combination treatments relieved adverse events such as insomnia(risk ratio[RR]=0.20,95%CI:0.06-0.68;P=0.01)and hive(RR=0.10;95%CI:0.01-0.73;P=0.02).Conclusions:The combination of CHMs with a chemical drug like donepezil led to significant improvements in patient cognition as well as a better safety profile when compared to the application of a chemical drug alone.展开更多
Radix Scutellariae(RS) refers to the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG) plant. This plant belongs to family Lamiaceae. There are many common names of RS such as huang chin, huang lien, huang qin, huangqin, an...Radix Scutellariae(RS) refers to the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG) plant. This plant belongs to family Lamiaceae. There are many common names of RS such as huang chin, huang lien, huang qin, huangqin, and wogon. SBG plant is spreading throughout many Asian countries such as China, Japan, North and South Korea, Mongolia and Russia. The aim of this review is to focus on the ingredients,medicinal uses, pharmacological activity, toxicology, adverse effects, precautions, and dosage of RS. RS contains baicalein, baicalin,wogonin, wogonoside, and oroxylin A ingredients. RS is used in the treatment of fever, nausea and vomiting, acute dysentery, jaundice,coughs, carbuncles and sores, and threatened abortion. RS is applied in the treatment of allergies, arteriosclerosis, diarrhea, dermatitis, and hypertension. Pharmacology activity of RS includes experimental pharmacology and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology contains hepatoprotective, anti-infiammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-tumor, antiviral, central nervous system, enzyme inhibition,immunological, platelet aggregation inhibition, and smooth muscle activities. Injection of water extract of RS(12–15 g/kg, intragastrically)to dogs without any toxic effects and the oral intake of 4–5 g/kg of this extract to dogs three times/day for 8 weeks did not induce any toxic effects. There are no carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, and impairment of fertility, pregnancy, teratogenic effects or any other effects of RS. RS possesses many pharmacological activities and it is used to treat many diseases and without any toxic effect to any organs.展开更多
Objective:According to Traditional Chinese Medicine theory,spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness syndrome(SDPDS)are caused by abnormal water metabolism in the body because of spleen dysfunction.The purpose of this art...Objective:According to Traditional Chinese Medicine theory,spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness syndrome(SDPDS)are caused by abnormal water metabolism in the body because of spleen dysfunction.The purpose of this article was to evaluate the efficacy of D-limonene(DL)in resolving phlegm in mice with SDPDS from the perspective of regulating the level of aquaporin 3(AQP3).Methods:The model of SDPDS was induced in mice using the multifactor modeling method,which combines internal and external dampness.An artificial climate box was used to create a humid environment,whereas the irregular diet was caused by different feeding methods on odd-even days.The mice were divided into blank control,model group,DL low-dose,DL high-dose,and positive groups.The mice were modeled and treated for 7 day.Levels of gastrin and amylase(AMS)in the serum,mucus secretion in the trachea,and AQP3 in the tissue near the gastric cardia.Results:DL significantly reduced mucus secretion in the trachea(P<0.001).It also increased the level of AMS in the serum(P<0.01)and decreased the level of AQP3 in the gastric tissue(P<0.01).Conclusions:Mice with SDPDS exhibited disturbed water metabolism and significantly increased AQP3 levels.DL can restore the levels of AQP3 and plays an important role in resolving phlegm.This study may also help expand the efficacy of natural drugs containing DL and improve the utilization of natural drug resources.展开更多
Background:Edible bird nest(EBN)is a natural food product rich in glycoprotein such as sialic acid,which has been reported to improve brain functions.The EBN is widely consumed due to its higher nutritional contents a...Background:Edible bird nest(EBN)is a natural food product rich in glycoprotein such as sialic acid,which has been reported to improve brain functions.The EBN is widely consumed due to its higher nutritional contents and antioxidant status;however,an interaction of EBN on brain cell metabolic activity and viability are still unclear.Objective:The objectives of this study were to identify the effect of sialic acid from EBN on the cell viability and to determine the appropriate concentration of sialic acid on cognitive performance in mice.Materials and Methods:The viability of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines were tested using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.For in vivo study,7-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into four treatment groups and were treated with sialic acid for 21 days.At day 22,all mice were tested on cognitive performance by Y-maze test.Results:Treatment concentration of sialic acid extract and sialic acid standard at 60μg/mL(0.6 ppm)increased cell viability and showed no cytotoxicity effects in pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines.In addition,an administration of higher dose of sialic acid at 0.6 ppm in animals improved Y-maze test performance,which they showed significantly higher number of entries and time spent in the novel arm.Conclusion:Thus,the current study shows that the sialic acid extract at 0.6 ppm improved brain cognitive performance in mice associated with an increased viability of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines.展开更多
The Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang(DHJST)is the top commercial concentrated aqueous extract used in clinics for treating osteoarthritis.However,choosing the quality control markers for DHJST is an important problem for herbal m...The Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang(DHJST)is the top commercial concentrated aqueous extract used in clinics for treating osteoarthritis.However,choosing the quality control markers for DHJST is an important problem for herbal medicine industry.In this study,DHJST was divided into three groups according to the medical philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),such as Si-Wu-Tang(SWT),wind-dampness herbs(WDH)and tonifying展开更多
HSCs were divided into four groups,namely control group(A),MyD88 siRNA group(B),curcumin group(C),and curcumin+MyD88 siRNA group(D).Groups B and D were subjected to transient transfection with siRNA for 48h.Groups C a...HSCs were divided into four groups,namely control group(A),MyD88 siRNA group(B),curcumin group(C),and curcumin+MyD88 siRNA group(D).Groups B and D were subjected to transient transfection with siRNA for 48h.Groups C and D were incubated with curcumin(25μmol/L)for 24h.MyD88 protein expression was observed by Western Blot,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,展开更多
Acupuncture can restore normal physiological function by regulating the viscera,improving blood circulation,harmonizing the Yin and Yang,regulating the qi,benefiting the brain,and calming the mind to aid sleep.Acupunc...Acupuncture can restore normal physiological function by regulating the viscera,improving blood circulation,harmonizing the Yin and Yang,regulating the qi,benefiting the brain,and calming the mind to aid sleep.Acupuncture,as either an alternative or complementary treatment,can improve primary insomnia(PI)and significantly improve sleep quality.Various acupuncture methods have been used,including filiform needling,electroacupuncture,auricular acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,and acupoint embedding.Acupuncture treatment for PI regulates central neurotransmitters,hypothalamus secretion,melatonin-mediated biological clock regulation,and insomnia-related hormones to improve sleep quality.The design models,intervention characteristics,and clinical outcomes of various acupuncture procedures were analyzed.The main mechanisms of effect were summarized from a neuroimaging perspective by analyzing the results of different imaging methods.Functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators of multiple brain areas responsible for psychological,cognitive,and executive control were correlated with improvements in thinking and sleep symptoms after treatment.These were associated with an increase in the low-frequency oscillation amplitude in specific brain regions,such as the superior frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,and right dorsal anterior cingulate,as well as an increase in the ratio of low-frequency amplitude in the inferior gyrus and double-border superior gyrus.In addition,the therapy has been observed to improve regional homogeneity and reduce Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in the superior frontal gyrus,right auxiliary motor area,right dorsal anterior,and middle cingulate gyrus.Moreover,acupuncture may immediately modulate the default mode network,which could be the central mechanism underlying PI treatment.A single imaging index is insufficient to define the pathophysiological processes linking insomnia with cognitive impairment.Acupuncture is indicated for the treatment of PI.展开更多
基金supported by the Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation of China (H2021201022)Youth Scienceof the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81903931)Post-graduates Innovation Fund Project of Hebei University (HBU2022ss001)
文摘Objective:Cell co-culture technology has been widely used to analyze the effects of drugs on cell proliferation and the expression of some proteins in cells,especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM);however,the interactions between cells and the transmission of TCM effects between cells have not been adequately studied.Materials and Methods:Using data on gene transcription regulation,biological response,signal channel,and cell-specific expression protein,we built a network for cell types based on entity grammar.Through the correspondence and location information of signal molecules and receptors,type-specific networks of single cells were connected and a multicellular network of smooth muscle cells,neurons,and vascular endothelial cells was constructed.The mechanism of action of nimodipine was analyzed based on the multicellular communication network and its simulation capability was evaluated.Results:The outputs generated by the model developed in this study showed that nimodipine inhibited smooth muscle contraction,due to the overload of Ca^(2+)and the toxicity of excitatory amino acids,and protected neurons and vascular endothelial cells by supporting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis.These results were consistent with the known mechanism of nimodipine action,thus confirming that the multicellular network can be used to study the transmission of drug effects among cells.Conclusions:This study lays a foundation for the analysis of the transmission of drug effects in multi-cells,tissues,organs,and other spatial scales through multicellular co-culture experiments,based on a multicellular communication network.In addition,it provides a biological network model for the analysis of TCM action mechanisms.
文摘Centella asiatica,a traditional Chinese medicine belonging to the Umbelliferae family,was recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Owing to its wide developmental prospects,many scholars have extensively explored C.asiatica and made significant progress in recent years.In this study,we summarize the phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical applications of C.asiatica(L.)Urban based on Google Scholar,PubMed,and CNKI databases.Triterpenes and their glycosides,flavonoids,terpenoids,and volatile oils occur in herbs.The pharmacological effects mainly comprise improving cognition and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease and anti-inflammation activity.Clinical applications include the treatment of chronic kidney diseases,malignant intestinal obstruction,radiation dermatitis,precancerous lesions,chronic prostatitis,Alzheimer's disease,and other diseases.This review provides insights into the phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical applications of C.asiatica and summarizes the shortcomings of the research in recent years to provide a reference for future research.
基金supported by the research project of health sciences of Shanghai Jing’an District (2019MS02)Shanghai Bao’shan science and technology commission (18-E-10)+1 种基金the research project of Shanghai municipal commission of health and family planning (201640144,20184Y0094)Shanghai science and technology commission (18401903800)。
文摘Objective: Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide(QG) can alleviate immunological bone marrow failure(BMF) by increasing platelet counts. However, the principal mechanism is less known. This study aimed at deciphering the possible underlying mechanism of QG that is indicated in thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods: In vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out for investigating the mechanism behind QG-facilitated inhibition of mitochondrial pathway-mediated excessive apoptosis of platelets through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway. Results: Our results revealed that QG, the main effective ingredient of Herba Sarcandrae, increases the number of platelets and decreases the expression of Bax, Bad, Bid, and caspase-9 in immunological BMF, indicating the inhibition of mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, we found that the protein and m RNA expressions, as well as the phosphorylated levels of PI3K and AKT, were increased significantly by QG, suggesting the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway by LY294002 antagonizes the effects of QG on platelet counts and mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion: We demonstrate that QG inhibits the mitochondria pathway-mediated platelet apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT pathway in immunological BMF. This study thus sheds light on exploring the possible regulatory mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of thrombocytopenia induced by BMF.
基金financially supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.81222051)National Key Technology R&D Program"New Drug Innovation"of China(No.2012ZX09304-005)
文摘The shortage of reference standards has become the bottleneck of quality control of TCMs.In this study,a series of strategies,including one single reference standard to determine multi-compounds(SSDMC),quantitative analysis by standardized reference extract(QASRE),and quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan province(2020JJ4463,2020JJ4064,and 2021JJ30502)Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation(kq2014092)Open Fund of First-class Pharmacy Discipline of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine(2020YX02)。
文摘Rodgersia is a traditional Chinese medicine that contains a variety of chemical constituents,including flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,gallic acid derivatives,steroids,volatile oils,and tannins,with anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antitumor,antibacterial,antivirus,hepatoprotective,and other properties.In this paper,the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Rodgersia are summarized.On this basis,the quality markers of this genus were predicted based on chemical composition,traditional medicinal properties,traditional efficacy,and measurable components.This review provides the basis for in-depth research,utilization,and quality control of Rodgersia.
文摘WJTCM,as a peer-reviewed open access journal,has an international editorial board representing various TCM disciplines which meets the quality standards required for a first-class international journal.The editorial board consists of 83 TCM experts from 22 countries.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81722048)。
文摘Objective:Ginkgo biloba leaves,as an herbal medicine or dietary supplement,have been widely used worldwide.In this study,an integrated analytical method was established for the comprehensive analysis of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves.Materials and Methods:A practical chromatographic method combining high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint analysis and quantitation was used to simultaneously determine 11 flavonoids(6 flavonol glycosides and 5 biflavones)in G.biloba leaves from different regions.Results:A total of 11 characteristic peaks were identified accurately,and the similarity of fingerprints ranged from 0.944 to 0.996.Methodology validation revealed appropriate linearity(R^(2)≥0.9997),precision,repeatability,stability,and recovery.The total contents of the six flavonol glycosides and five biflavones were within the range of 2.142-8.378 mg/g and 3.759-5.675 mg/g in 19 batches of samples,respectively.Among them,two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides were the predominant components.Conclusions:In this study,a convenient and reliable approach was successfully employed for the comprehensive evaluation of flavonoids in G.biloba leaves,which also provided a reference for its quality standard.
文摘Acupuncture has been used for 1000 years, but how it gives therapeutic effect is not completely understood. Integration of brain wave as the central nervous system plays an important role in acupuncture efficacy. To explore the effect of acupuncture stimulation in the central nervous system, it is imperative to decide the adjustments in brain waves that produced because of acupuncture stimulation. Electroencephalogram(EEG) is often used in the acupuncture research area. EEG records spontaneous cerebral activity after some time by positioning electrodes on scalp surface. Using EEG, we can observe the brain connectivity regarding the acupuncture stimulation. An overview regarding the effect of manual acupuncture on human brain wave through EEG observation will be discussed in this review.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81072846,81674033,81102618)TCM "Belt and Road Initiative" Cooperative project funded by China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(GH2017-04-02)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People’s Republic of China(2010)
文摘Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of LXHY,a Chinese medicine compound formula,on choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and to find the possible working mechanism.Methods:CNV was induced in C57 BL/6 mice by krypton laser and bone marrow-derived cells(BMCs) isolated from enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) transgenic mice were injected through tail vein 0.5–1 h after the laser surgery.The BMC-treated mice were randomly divided into two groups gavaged with either distilled water(DW group) or LXHY formula solution from day 1 after laser surgery.On days 7,14,and 28 after treatment,histopathologic examination,fundus fluorescein angiography,and choroidal flatmount assay were performed to measure the CNV severity and BMC recruitment.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF?1α),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were detected by immunofluorescent staining.Results:On days 7 and 14 after treatment,CNV lesions in the LXHY-treated mice showed less recruitment of BMCs and were smaller in size compared to DW-treated mice.Histological examination also confirmed less severe CNV lesions in the LXHY group.CXCR4 levels in peripheral blood in the LXHY group were less than that of DW group on days 7 and 14.Moreover,the expression levels of SDF-1α,ICAM?1,and VCAM?1 at the lesion sites in the LXHY group were lower compared with the DW group.Conclusion:This experiment indicated that LXHY formula could inhibit CNV formation and development,probably by inhibiting the recruitment and attachment of BMCs into CNV area.
基金the city of Emmen, the province Drenthe (KEI program)"Kenniscentrum plantenstoffen"+1 种基金"LTO Noord Projecten" in the Netherlandspartly funded by Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmb H & Co.KG
文摘Objective: Digoxin is a therapeutic cardenolide widely used to treat various heart conditions such as atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and heart failure in both Western as well as Chinese medicine. Digoxin is extracted from cultivated Digitalis lanata Ehrh. plants, known as Mao Hua Yang Di Huang in Chinese medicine. This manuscript presents two studies that were conducted to optimize the cultivation conditions for digoxin production in the TCM Mao Hua Yan Di Huang in a greenhouse under GAP conditions.Methods: Two experiments were designed in which 4 growth conditions were compared. Levels of digoxin, gitoxin, digitoxin, α-acetyldigoxin, β-acetyl-digoxin were measured using HPLC-UV and compared between the conditions.Results: Normal soil, no CO_2 enrichment combined with a cold shock was found to be the optimal condition for producing digoxin in the first experiment. Gitoxin content was significantly lower in plants grown in this condition. Mechanical stress as well as the time of harvesting showed no statistically significant differences in the production of cardenolides. In the second experiment the optimal condition was found to be a combination of cold nights, sun screen, fertilizer use and no milled soil.Conclusion: This study shows that digoxin production can be increased by controlling the growth conditions of D. lanata Ehrh. The effect of cold was important in both experiments for improving digoxin production. Cultivating Chinese herbal medicines in optimized greenhouse conditions might be an economically attractive alternative to regular open air cultivation.
文摘Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(BUCM)was founded in 1956,and is one of the earliest established traditional Chinese medical institutions for higher educat:ion in the People’s Republic of China.Today,BUCM has 10 schools with 2,462 staff and 27,833 students,3 affiliated hospitals with 1960 medical staff and equipped with 2200 beds average daily out-patient capacity is over7000 each.Scientific research funding is over$16.5
文摘World Journalof Traditional Chinese Medicine(WJTCM),a peer reviewed and openaccess journal,is sponsored by WFCMS,and it is the official journal of Good Practice in Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Association(GP-TCM RA).
基金supported by the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20242BAB26165)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260963)。
文摘Background:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating condition.SCI pathology has been associated with ferroptosis.Traditional Chinese Medicine has shown potential in the treatment of nervous system diseases via ferroptosis inhibition.However,the effect exerted by electroacupuncture(EA)treatment on SCI via ferroptosis pathway inhibition remains poorly investigated.Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which EA regulates the expression of relevant cytokines in the Xc-/Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)pathway and suppresses ferroptosis in rats with SCI.Materials and Methods:Eighty healthy female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into SCI model,EA treatment(SCI+EA),and deferoxamine treatment(SCI+DFO)groups after Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan(BBB)scoring.A sham operation group(sham)was also formed.Each group had 20 animals.In the SCI+EA group,Dazhui(GV14),Yaoyangguan(GV3),bilateral Ciliao(BL32),and Zusanli(ST36)were subjected to EA treatment once daily for 20 min per session for 14 sessions.In the DFO group,rats were injected intraperitoneally with DFO on alternate days.Following the completion of treatment and BBB scoring,the rats were euthanized,and their spinal cord tissues were collected for the subsequent detection of relevant targets.Results:Compared to the rats in the sham group,those in the SCI group had lower BBB scores,spinal cord tissue damage,higher tissue iron and reactive oxygen species concentrations,and lower levels of solute carrier family 7,member 11,(SLC7A11,also known as x CT),and GPX4.The treatment improved all indices.EA was more effective than DFO treatment in improving SLC7A11 protein expression.Conclusion:EA can improve neurological function in rats with SCI by upregulating the expression of related cytokines in the Xc-/GPX4 pathway,suppressing ferroptosis,and alleviating the inflammatory response.
基金supported by the 2019-2020 TCM Technology Development Project of Shandong Province(No.2019-0044)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019A1515010644)+1 种基金Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province(No.20201073)General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82074306)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines(CHMs)combined with chemical drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Materials and Methods:Databases were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of CHMs combined with tacrine,galantamine,rivastigmine,donepezil,or memantine,following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.Only research papers published in English,Chinese,and Japanese were considered.The primary outcome was the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)score and the secondary outcomes were AD assessment scale cognitive subscale(ADAS-Cog)score and safety evaluation.Meta-analysis was carried out using Rev Man 5.3 and subgroup analysis was conducted to identify the sources of heterogeneity.Results:A total of 15 RCTs with 1386 participants were included in this study.Only donepezil was used in the retrieved literature.Meta-analyses showed that the combination of CHMs with donepezil led to significant improvement in the MMSE score(Z=9.45;P<0.00001;weighted mean difference[WMD]=2.68,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.12-3.24)and a significant decrease in the ADAS-Cog score(Z=5.53;P<0.00001;WMD=-3.79;95%CI:-5.13--2.44).Safety evaluation demonstrated that these combination treatments relieved adverse events such as insomnia(risk ratio[RR]=0.20,95%CI:0.06-0.68;P=0.01)and hive(RR=0.10;95%CI:0.01-0.73;P=0.02).Conclusions:The combination of CHMs with a chemical drug like donepezil led to significant improvements in patient cognition as well as a better safety profile when compared to the application of a chemical drug alone.
文摘Radix Scutellariae(RS) refers to the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG) plant. This plant belongs to family Lamiaceae. There are many common names of RS such as huang chin, huang lien, huang qin, huangqin, and wogon. SBG plant is spreading throughout many Asian countries such as China, Japan, North and South Korea, Mongolia and Russia. The aim of this review is to focus on the ingredients,medicinal uses, pharmacological activity, toxicology, adverse effects, precautions, and dosage of RS. RS contains baicalein, baicalin,wogonin, wogonoside, and oroxylin A ingredients. RS is used in the treatment of fever, nausea and vomiting, acute dysentery, jaundice,coughs, carbuncles and sores, and threatened abortion. RS is applied in the treatment of allergies, arteriosclerosis, diarrhea, dermatitis, and hypertension. Pharmacology activity of RS includes experimental pharmacology and clinical pharmacology. Experimental pharmacology contains hepatoprotective, anti-infiammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-tumor, antiviral, central nervous system, enzyme inhibition,immunological, platelet aggregation inhibition, and smooth muscle activities. Injection of water extract of RS(12–15 g/kg, intragastrically)to dogs without any toxic effects and the oral intake of 4–5 g/kg of this extract to dogs three times/day for 8 weeks did not induce any toxic effects. There are no carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, and impairment of fertility, pregnancy, teratogenic effects or any other effects of RS. RS possesses many pharmacological activities and it is used to treat many diseases and without any toxic effect to any organs.
基金the Program of Scientific Research Innovation for Colleges and Universities in Sichuan Province(18TD0017)the Research Project of Sichuan TCM Administration(2021MS448)the Technological Innovation R and D Project of the Chengdu Bureau of Science and Technology(2021-YF05-02298-SN)。
文摘Objective:According to Traditional Chinese Medicine theory,spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness syndrome(SDPDS)are caused by abnormal water metabolism in the body because of spleen dysfunction.The purpose of this article was to evaluate the efficacy of D-limonene(DL)in resolving phlegm in mice with SDPDS from the perspective of regulating the level of aquaporin 3(AQP3).Methods:The model of SDPDS was induced in mice using the multifactor modeling method,which combines internal and external dampness.An artificial climate box was used to create a humid environment,whereas the irregular diet was caused by different feeding methods on odd-even days.The mice were divided into blank control,model group,DL low-dose,DL high-dose,and positive groups.The mice were modeled and treated for 7 day.Levels of gastrin and amylase(AMS)in the serum,mucus secretion in the trachea,and AQP3 in the tissue near the gastric cardia.Results:DL significantly reduced mucus secretion in the trachea(P<0.001).It also increased the level of AMS in the serum(P<0.01)and decreased the level of AQP3 in the gastric tissue(P<0.01).Conclusions:Mice with SDPDS exhibited disturbed water metabolism and significantly increased AQP3 levels.DL can restore the levels of AQP3 and plays an important role in resolving phlegm.This study may also help expand the efficacy of natural drugs containing DL and improve the utilization of natural drug resources.
基金funded by a research grant provided by the Centre of Excellence (CoE) Swiftlets, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Department of Veterinary Services Malaysia,and Ministry of Science and Technology(MOSTI) Malaysia (Project Number: 6371401-10301)
文摘Background:Edible bird nest(EBN)is a natural food product rich in glycoprotein such as sialic acid,which has been reported to improve brain functions.The EBN is widely consumed due to its higher nutritional contents and antioxidant status;however,an interaction of EBN on brain cell metabolic activity and viability are still unclear.Objective:The objectives of this study were to identify the effect of sialic acid from EBN on the cell viability and to determine the appropriate concentration of sialic acid on cognitive performance in mice.Materials and Methods:The viability of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines were tested using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.For in vivo study,7-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into four treatment groups and were treated with sialic acid for 21 days.At day 22,all mice were tested on cognitive performance by Y-maze test.Results:Treatment concentration of sialic acid extract and sialic acid standard at 60μg/mL(0.6 ppm)increased cell viability and showed no cytotoxicity effects in pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines.In addition,an administration of higher dose of sialic acid at 0.6 ppm in animals improved Y-maze test performance,which they showed significantly higher number of entries and time spent in the novel arm.Conclusion:Thus,the current study shows that the sialic acid extract at 0.6 ppm improved brain cognitive performance in mice associated with an increased viability of pheochromocytoma and neuroblastoma cell lines.
文摘The Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang(DHJST)is the top commercial concentrated aqueous extract used in clinics for treating osteoarthritis.However,choosing the quality control markers for DHJST is an important problem for herbal medicine industry.In this study,DHJST was divided into three groups according to the medical philosophy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),such as Si-Wu-Tang(SWT),wind-dampness herbs(WDH)and tonifying
文摘HSCs were divided into four groups,namely control group(A),MyD88 siRNA group(B),curcumin group(C),and curcumin+MyD88 siRNA group(D).Groups B and D were subjected to transient transfection with siRNA for 48h.Groups C and D were incubated with curcumin(25μmol/L)for 24h.MyD88 protein expression was observed by Western Blot,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,
基金financially supported by the Hunan Natural Science Foundation Youth Foundation project(No.2023JJ40598,No.2023JJ40597)the Youth Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(No.24B0428)+4 种基金Health Research Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(No.W20243177,No.W20243183,20255888)Clinical Research 4310 Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China(No.20214310NHYCG04)Hunan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Project(A2023007)the Seventh Batch of National Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(National Traditional Chinese Medicine Human Teaching Letter(2022)No.76)the University-College Joint Research Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine(2024XYLH352)。
文摘Acupuncture can restore normal physiological function by regulating the viscera,improving blood circulation,harmonizing the Yin and Yang,regulating the qi,benefiting the brain,and calming the mind to aid sleep.Acupuncture,as either an alternative or complementary treatment,can improve primary insomnia(PI)and significantly improve sleep quality.Various acupuncture methods have been used,including filiform needling,electroacupuncture,auricular acupuncture,scalp acupuncture,and acupoint embedding.Acupuncture treatment for PI regulates central neurotransmitters,hypothalamus secretion,melatonin-mediated biological clock regulation,and insomnia-related hormones to improve sleep quality.The design models,intervention characteristics,and clinical outcomes of various acupuncture procedures were analyzed.The main mechanisms of effect were summarized from a neuroimaging perspective by analyzing the results of different imaging methods.Functional magnetic resonance imaging indicators of multiple brain areas responsible for psychological,cognitive,and executive control were correlated with improvements in thinking and sleep symptoms after treatment.These were associated with an increase in the low-frequency oscillation amplitude in specific brain regions,such as the superior frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,and right dorsal anterior cingulate,as well as an increase in the ratio of low-frequency amplitude in the inferior gyrus and double-border superior gyrus.In addition,the therapy has been observed to improve regional homogeneity and reduce Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in the superior frontal gyrus,right auxiliary motor area,right dorsal anterior,and middle cingulate gyrus.Moreover,acupuncture may immediately modulate the default mode network,which could be the central mechanism underlying PI treatment.A single imaging index is insufficient to define the pathophysiological processes linking insomnia with cognitive impairment.Acupuncture is indicated for the treatment of PI.
