BACKGROUND Both the etiology and treatment of perianal fistulas present challenges,and there is no standard surgical approach.AIM To present the results of a modified fistulotomy technique that was implemented in a te...BACKGROUND Both the etiology and treatment of perianal fistulas present challenges,and there is no standard surgical approach.AIM To present the results of a modified fistulotomy technique that was implemented in a tertiary coloproctology reference center.METHODS Seventy-two patients who underwent surgical intervention for perianal fistula between August 2019 and January 2023 were treated using a modified fistulotomy technique.In this approach,the fistula tract was excised from the external opening up to the external sphincter fibers.The internal orifice was widened,and the septic focus within the inter sphincteric space was curetted.Partial internal sphincterotomy was performed up to the inter sphincteric plane.The anoderm from the internal orifice to the inter sphincteric space was closed with absorbable suture material,and a loose seton was placed at the level of the external sphincter.RESULTS The 72 patients who underwent modified fistulotomy were 77.8%male and 22.2%female,with a mean age of 42.2±11.5 years.The median follow-up period was 19 months.Preoperatively,93.1%of patients had high trans sphincteric fistulas,and 6.9%were females with anterior low trans sphincteric fistulas.In all cases,setons were placed during surgery using vascular tape.A total of 12.5%of patients experienced incontinence,involving gas(6.9%)or soiling(5.6%).There were no reports of solid or liquid incontinences.Complete healing was achieved in 83.3%of the patients,with a recurrence rate of 4.2%and a non-healing rate of 12.5%.CONCLUSION Our preliminary analysis suggests that this modified fistulotomy technique that targets distalization of the internal orifice is a promising alternative management strategy for perianal fistulas.展开更多
We present a comprehensive analysis of BI CVn,an eclipsing overcontact binary system.New BVR photometric observations,combined with available spectroscopic data,were analyzed simultaneously using the Wilson–Devinney ...We present a comprehensive analysis of BI CVn,an eclipsing overcontact binary system.New BVR photometric observations,combined with available spectroscopic data,were analyzed simultaneously using the Wilson–Devinney method to derive the orbital and physical parameters of the system.The resulting stellar parameters are M1=0.58±0.01M⊙,M2=1.42±0.02M⊙,R1=0.88±0.01R⊙,R2=1.31±0.01R⊙,with an orbital separation of a=2.80±0.01R⊙.Based on all available CCD times of minimum light,including both ground-based and T ESS observations,the(O-C)diagram of BI CVn was analyzed.T he orbital period exhibits a long-term decrease at a rate of-2.3239(±0.0001)×10-8 day yr-1,likely due to mass transfer from the more massive to the less massive component.Superimposed on this trend is a cyclic variation with a period of 56.84±0.08 yr,indicative of a light-travel time effect caused by a third body,whose estimated mass is 0.63±0.02M⊙.Using these derived parameters,we modeled the binary’s evolution through non-conservative processes with the Binary Star Evolution code.The evolutionary tracks of the components were examined in multiple parameter planes,leading to an estimated merger timescale of approximately 2.70 Gyr.展开更多
People inherently assess landscapes by creating spontaneous aesthetic liking judgments based on the surrounding stimuli.To understand these judgements objectively,use may be made of the fluency theory of aesthetic ple...People inherently assess landscapes by creating spontaneous aesthetic liking judgments based on the surrounding stimuli.To understand these judgements objectively,use may be made of the fluency theory of aesthetic pleasure(the psychological processes through which people experience beauty).This study aims to predict people’s visual aesthetic preferences based on fluency theory and to correlate these preferences with landscape types and features.An ordinary least squares(OLS)regression model was developed to predict visual aesthetic liking,using image statistics as explanatory variables.We determined types of landscape using Landscape Character Assessment(LCA)and applied viewshed analyses distinguishing between near,medium,and far zones.We identified landscape features by content analysis making use of machine learning-based image recognition supplied by Google Cloud Vision API.The results show that vegetation and geological forms were the most significant features for people’s visual aesthetic liking,followed by waterscapes and built structures/human settlements.The viewshed analyses indicated that‘medium-altitude,low-gradient artificial areas’were visible in photographs with high aesthetic visual liking in all zones(i.e.,at all distances).When the photographs showing this type of landscape are examined,the artificial areas in the photographs turn out to consist mostly of historical buildings or remains.This finding suggests that historical sites are not just important for their cultural value,but for their visual aesthetic value as well.展开更多
Solar energy is also a major renewable energy source that is clean and can be sustained at a minimum cost. CSP systems are another highly developed solar energy system that is environmentally friendly and can be insta...Solar energy is also a major renewable energy source that is clean and can be sustained at a minimum cost. CSP systems are another highly developed solar energy system that is environmentally friendly and can be installed with simple technology and rational cost. PV solar panels generate electric power when sunlight exists. Similarly, CSP system also generates electric power for immediate consumption when there is sunlight, but it also stores some of the solar energy as heat to be able to continue generating electric power when the weather is cloudy or during the night. In this study, an algorithm and software for effective heliostat were developed. Six districts were selected in Adana province to design and calculate solar power received by heliostat mirrors and delivered to the heat exchanger on top of the tower. Because a solar tracking mechanism is necessary for correct and instant orientation of mirrors, the developed software can calculate the orientation angles of each mirror at any moment of a day of the year. The algorithm also calculates the power received by PV solar panels with fixed orientation and with the same surface area as those of mirrors to compare the energy yields.展开更多
Background:Identifying and managing patients'supportive care needs is an essential component of health care.The cancer patients'needs are multidimensional and it is important to identify these needs.This study...Background:Identifying and managing patients'supportive care needs is an essential component of health care.The cancer patients'needs are multidimensional and it is important to identify these needs.This study was conducted to assess supportive care needs of women with gynecologic cancer and affecting factors.Methods:This cross-sectional study consisted of 98 women with gynecologic cancer.The data of the study was gathered using“Personal Information Form”and the“James Supportive Care Screening”.Results:The most frequently reported unmet needs of gynecologic cancer patients were emotional issues,including uncertainty(87.6%),fears(85.7%),feeling down(86.7%),worry(87.6%),loss of interest in usual activities(73.3%)and physical symptoms including fatigue/lack of energy(81.9%),weakness(81.9%),lack of appetite(76.2%).The most frequently reported social/practical problems was transportation problems(50%).The mean scores for JSCS was 29.72±15.57.There were a statistically significant difference was found only between family type,stage of the disease,and time of diagnosis,and the total mean scores of the JSCS(p<0.05).Conclusion:It has been determined that patients with gynecological cancer mostly experience emotional and physical problems.Health professionals working in the oncology unit should be aware of unmet needs.Certain programs and services to address the identified unmet needs should be provided.展开更多
Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.me...Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.mesatlan-tica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats.We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract,including flavones and flavonols content,to understand its biological action.The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action,scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH,and reducing power.The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90±0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract.The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51±4.09 mg(EAA)/g,the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3±0.00μg/mL,and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43±0.01μg/mL.In total,14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant(63.19%)while the vanillin was the less recorded(0.10%).Serum glucose decreased significantly(p<0.05)in rats given PESB(100 mg/kg)after four weeks.Glibenclamide(GLB)and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats,restoring HOMA-βand HOMA-IR levels to near-normal.Additionally,diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes,renal and lipid markers,as well as cardiovascular indices.The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB(100 mg/kg),and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats(p<0.01).PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas,liver,and kidney tissues.This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S.blancoana subsp.mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds.Therefore,more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Fruits including berries are one of the most important sources of our daily nutrition due to their major aspect from point of view of consumers. The fruit quality incl...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Fruits including berries are one of the most important sources of our daily nutrition due to their major aspect from point of view of consumers. The fruit quality includes the internal and external properties. The internal quality mainly is determined by aroma, flavor, taste, texture, nutritional quality (soluble sugar content, starch, organic acids, soluble solids content, and carotenoids, total flavonoids, total phenolic, antioxidant activity), flesh firmness, diseases, and chemical residues, while the external quality mainly concerns the appearance, size and colour and bruises. How to measure berry fruit quality has always been one of the most attractive research hotspots in the food industry. For the present, most of the available investigative methods are still destructive, labor and time-consuming;besides, several methods require sample preparation, costly instruments and chemicals, which cannot be used for large-scale sample evaluation. With the increasing demands of real-time detection of fruit quality, non-destructive fruit evaluation methods have been greatly developed. However, problems like low detection accuracy and poor model adaptability remain in the non-destructive detection system. Thus, it is necessary to develop non-destructive, high-efficient, simple, accurate and low-labor-cost techniques for fruit quality determination. In this paper, a comparison of different and advanced analytical methods for assessing the fruit quality characteristics of berries was discussed. </div>展开更多
As a member of nuts, walnut is consumed from snacks to salads and desserts to entrees and an importantpart of human diet for centuries. Walnut biological and nutritional value is also enhanced by its valuable protein ...As a member of nuts, walnut is consumed from snacks to salads and desserts to entrees and an importantpart of human diet for centuries. Walnut biological and nutritional value is also enhanced by its valuable protein and rich in nutrient composition such as vitamins and minerals. The most important characteristic of walnut oil is the abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which makes it a unique food because of high amount of linoleic acid. Due to having valuable protein, vitamins and minerals it enhances biological and nourishment value, also. Recent epidemiological studies showed that consumption of walnut reduce cardiovascular diseases due to the rich in antioxidant properties, valuable fatty acids and tochopherols contents. In Turkey, walnut production and consumption increases year by year. The kernel of walnut genotypes shows variability in terms of their fat, fatty acid and tocopherol profiles. In this paper, it was aimed to characterize 10 walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars (Bilecik, Chandler, Hartley, Howard, Maras 12, Maras 18, Midland, Pedro, Sen and Serr) based on their fatty acid profiles using GC (Gas Chromatography), tocopherol and its isomers by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and total phenol content with spectrometric methods. Among the walnut cultivars “Hartley” was the highest linoleic acid (64.56%) and “Howard” was the α-linolenic acid 13.26 (%). The highest values of α (38.76 μg/g), β + γ (312.19 μg/g) and δ-tocopherol (40.77 μg/g) and total phenol (349 mg GAE/100 g ext) content were detected in “Sen” cultivar. Obtained results might be significant for further breeding programme to improve rich in especially γ-tocopherol linoleic acids and total phenolic compounds.展开更多
Water is essential for the growth period of crops;however,water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops,which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops.Therefor...Water is essential for the growth period of crops;however,water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops,which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops.Therefore,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar phosphorus(P)on morphological,gas exchange,biochemical traits,and phosphorus use efficiency(PUE)of maize(Zea mays L.)hybrids grown under normal as well as water deficit situations at the Department of Agronomy,University of Agriculture Faisalabad,Pakistan in 2014.Two different treatments(control and P@8 kg ha^(−1))and four hybrids(Hycorn,31P41,65625,and 32B33)of maize were tested by using a randomized complete block design(RCBD)with three replications.Results showed that the water stress caused a remarkable decline in total soluble protein(9.7%),photosynthetic rate(9.4%)and transpiration rate(13.4%),stomatal conductance(10.2%),and internal CO_(2)rate(20.4%)comparative to well-watered control.An increase of 37.1%,36.8%,and 24.5%were recorded for proline,total soluble sugar,and total free amino acid,respectively.However,foliar P application minimized the negative impact of drought by improving plant growth,physio-biochemical attributes,and PUE in maize plants under water stress conditions.Among the hybrids tested,the hybrid 6525 performed better both under stress and non-stress conditions.These outcomes confirmed that the exogenous application of P improved drought stress tolerance by modulating growth,physio-biochemical attributes,and PUE of maize hybrids.展开更多
Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production.The exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great significance.Here we report the gene actions...Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production.The exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great significance.Here we report the gene actions controlling the phenological traits using the line×tester model studying 27 crosses and 12 parents under normal irrigation and drought conditions.The results interpreted via multiple analysis(mean performance,correlations,principal component,genetic analysis,heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential)disclosed highly significant differences among germplasm.The phenological waxiness traits(glume,boom,and sheath)were strongly interlinked.Flag leaf area exhibits a positive association with peduncle and spike length under drought.The growing degree days(heat-units)greatly influence spikelets and grains per spike,however,the grain yield/plant was significantly reduced(17.44 g to 13.25 g)under drought.The principal components based on eigenvalue indicated significant PCs(first-seven)accounted for 79.9%and 73.9%of total variability under normal irrigation and drought,respectively.The investigated yield traits showed complex genetic behaviour.The genetic advance confronted a moderate to high heritability for spikelets/spike and grain yield/plant.The traits conditioned by dominant genetic effects in normal irrigation were inversely controlled by additive genetic effects under drought and vice versa.The magnitude of dominance effects for phenological and yield traits,i.e.,leaf twist,auricle hairiness,grain yield/plant,spikelets,and grains/spike suggests that selection by the pedigree method is appropriate for improving these traits under normal irrigation conditions and could serve as an indirect selection index for improving yield-oriented traits in wheat populations for drought tolerance.However,the phenotypic selection could be more than effective for traits conditioned by additive genetic effects under drought.We suggest five significant cross combinations based on heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential of wheat genotypes for improved yield and enhanced biological production of wheat in advanced generations under drought.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate the success rate of goniotomy and trabecu?lotomy procedures performed to the patients with congenital glaucoma. Material and methods: 12 eyes of 6 patients with primary congenital glaucoma were op...Purpose: To evaluate the success rate of goniotomy and trabecu?lotomy procedures performed to the patients with congenital glaucoma. Material and methods: 12 eyes of 6 patients with primary congenital glaucoma were operated. Goniotomy was performed to the patients with a clear cornea that has a diameter under 15 mmHg, while trabeculotomy was performed to the cas-展开更多
Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first time.These chromitites were observed as ...Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first time.These chromitites were observed as lenticular and banded bodies with disseminated and massive textures and containing magnesiochromite grains with the following composition:CrO=58.91–59.74 wt%,Al_(2)O_(3)=10.85–11.20 wt%,and TiO=0.09–0.13 wt%.The Mg#[Mg/(Mg+Fe)]values of magnesiochromite from the Islahiye ophiolite range between 0.52 and 0.60 and their Cr#[Cr/(Cr+Al)]values vary from 0.7802 to 0.7844.These contents vary with a constant pattern,coincident with the estimated parental liquids that have originated from the derivative of a single bulk of boninitic magma together with Al,Ti-poor,and Cr-rich initial contents.The chromitites are serpentinised in almost all parts of the study area,and harzburgite and dunite can be observed in different locations.Although the overall composition of platinum group elements(PGE)in most examined chromitites varies between 97 and 191 ppb,three chromitites from the Islahiye region present enrichments in overall PGE(up to 214 ppb).The mineralogical and geochemical features of chromitites from the Islahiye region exhibit a robust similarity to podiform chromitites in the mantle fragment of supra–subduction zone type ophiolitic bodies.The estimated parental magmas of the investigated chromites are consistent with the diff erentiation of arcrelated melts and do not suggest an oceanic spreading centre tectonic environment.The Islahiye chromites are enriched in IPGE(Ir,Os,Ru),with the occasional presence of Ru and Ir and higher Os contents in chromite.Furthermore,we did not find any platinum group minerals(PGM)associated with the serpentine silicate sample matrix,which would have stated a secondary enrichment in PGEs.All chromitites in the investigated region have high Cr and low Ti values,are defined as magnesiochromite and were crystallised from a characteristic boninitic magma.展开更多
Natural stones used as floor and wall coverings are exposed to many different abrasive forces,so it is essential to choose suitable materials for wear resistance in terms of the life of the structure.The abrasion resi...Natural stones used as floor and wall coverings are exposed to many different abrasive forces,so it is essential to choose suitable materials for wear resistance in terms of the life of the structure.The abrasion resistance of natural stones can be determined in the laboratory by applying the B?hme abrasion resistance(BAR)test.However,the direct analysis of BAR in the laboratory has disadvantages such as wasting time and energy,experimental errors,and health impacts.To eliminate these disadvantages,the estimation of BAR using artificial neural networks(ANN)was proposed.Different natural stone samples were collected from Türkiye,and uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),flexural strength(FS),water absorption rate(WA),unit volume weight(UW),effective porosity(n),and BAR tests were carried out.The outputs of these tests were gathered and a data set,consisting of a total of 105 data,was randomly divided into two groups:testing and training.In the current study,the success of three different training algorithms of Levenberg-Marquardt(LM),Bayesian regularization(BR),and scaled conjugate gradient(SCG)were compared for BAR prediction of natural stones.Statistical criteria such as coefficient of determination(R~2),mean square error(MSE),mean square error(RMSE),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),which are widely used and adopted in the literature,were used to determine predictive validity.The findings of the study indicated that ANN is a valid method for estimating the BAR value.Also,the LM algorithm(R~2=0.9999,MSE=0.0001,RMSE=0.0110,and MAPE=0.0487)in training and the BR algorithm(R~2=0.9896,MSE=0.0589,RMSE=0.2427,and MAPE=1.2327)in testing showed the best prediction performance.It has been observed that the proposed method is quite practical to implement.Using the artificial neural networks method will provide an advantage in similar laborintensive experimental studies.展开更多
Fetal cells can enter maternal blood during pregnancy but whether they can also cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the maternal brain remains poorly understood. Previous results suggest that fetal cells are summon...Fetal cells can enter maternal blood during pregnancy but whether they can also cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the maternal brain remains poorly understood. Previous results suggest that fetal cells are summoned to repair damage to the mother＇s brain. If this is confirmed, it would open up new and safer avenues of treatment for brain damage caused by strokes and neural diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a baby＇s stem cells can enter the maternal brain during pregnancy. Deceased patients who had at least one male offspring and no history of abortion and blood transfusion were included in this study. DNA was extracted from brain tissue samples of deceased women using standard phenol-chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation methods. Genomic DNA was screened by quantitative fluorescent-polymerase chain reaction amplification together with short tandem repeat markers specific to the Y chromosome, and 13, 18, 21 and X. Any foreign DNA residues that could be used to interpret the presence of fetal stem cells in the maternal brain were monitored. Results indicated that fetal stem cells can not cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the maternal brain.展开更多
Two new sporopollenin-immobilized Schiff bases,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino],and their cobalt(III) and nickel(II) complexes,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] aquatriacetato...Two new sporopollenin-immobilized Schiff bases,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino],and their cobalt(III) and nickel(II) complexes,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] aquatriacetato cobalt(III),S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III),S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] diacetato nickel(II),and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] diacetato nickel(II),were synthesized onto a chemically modified sporopollenin with ethylenediamine.The immobilized ligands and their metal complexes were characterized by thermal analysis and spectroscopic techniques such as infrared,ultraviolet-visible,and atomic absorption spectrometry.Immobilized Schiff base metal complexes,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] aquatriacetato cobalt(III) and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III),were used as ligand exchanger media to investigate ligand adsorption behavior of methylene blue(MB) with column technique.The result shows that the chelation of methylene blue with S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III) complex increases ligand adsorption capacity.展开更多
Objective:To investigate granulomatous inflammation etiology based on clinical history and ancillary tests.Methods:Children aged<18 years with biopsy proven granulomatous lesions in any tissue specimens between Jan...Objective:To investigate granulomatous inflammation etiology based on clinical history and ancillary tests.Methods:Children aged<18 years with biopsy proven granulomatous lesions in any tissue specimens between January 2014 and January 2022 were included in the study.The diagnosis was based on the results of immunohistochemical staining,molecular tests,culture,serology,radiological and other auxiliary laboratory tests.Diagnoses were categorized into infectious and noninfectious causes.Results:In total,174 patients with granulomatosis inflammation confirmed by histopathology were analyzed.Approximately 59.2%patients were males,and the median age was 4.48(IQR 2.36-6.39)years(range:16 months-18 years).The tissues/organs that were most commonly biopsied were lymph node,bone,skin,and lung(51.1%,17.8%,9.2%,and 5.7%,respectively).Infectious and non-infectious causes were identified in 73.0%and 12.6%patients,respectively,in terms of granulomatosis inflammation etiology;however,no cause was identified in 14.4%patients.The most common infectious cause was tuberculosis(in 51.7%patients),followed by toxoplasmosis,aspergillosis,mucormycosis,leishmaniasis,and cat-scratch disease(in 8.6%,5.7%,1.7%,1.7%,and 1.1%patients,respectively).The common non-infectious cause was chronic granulomatous disease.Histopathological evaluation revealed granulomatosis inflammation in 33.3%patients,necrotizing granulomatosis inflammation in 30.5%patients,and caseating granulomatosis inflammation in 12.1%patients.When the pathology results of patients with and without tuberculosis were compared,the incidence of caseating granulomatosis inflammation(P=0.003)and necrotizing granulomatosis inflammation(P=0.005)was higher in patients with tuberculosis.Conclusions:Chronic granulomatous disease is the most common non-infectious cause in children.Moreover,primary or secondary immune deficiencies may cause granulomatosis inflammation,especially in pediatric patients.展开更多
The recent studies on Artificial Intelligence(AI)accompanied by enhanced computing capabilities supports increasing attention into traditional control methods coupled with AI learning methods in an attempt to bringing...The recent studies on Artificial Intelligence(AI)accompanied by enhanced computing capabilities supports increasing attention into traditional control methods coupled with AI learning methods in an attempt to bringing adap-tiveness and fast responding features.The Model Predictive Control(MPC)tech-nique is a widely used,safe and reliable control method based on constraints.On the other hand,the Eddy Current dynamometers are highly nonlinear braking sys-tems whose performance parameters are related to many processes related vari-ables.This study is based on an adaptive model predictive control that utilizes selected AI methods.The presented approach presents an updated the mathema-tical model of an Eddy Current Dynamometer based on experimentally obtained system operational data.Finally,the comparison of AI methods and related learn-ing performances based on the assessment technique of mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)issues are discussed.The results indicate that Single Hidden Layer Neural Network(SHLNN),General Regression Neural Network(GRNN),Radial Basis Network(RBNN),Neuro Fuzzy Network(ANFIS)coupled MPC have quite satisfying performances.The presented results indicate that,amongst them,GRNN appears to provide the best performance.展开更多
The G?ksun(Kahramanmaras)ophiolite(GKO),cropping out in a tectonic window bounded by the Malatya metamorphic unit on both the north and south,is located in the EW-trending lower nappe zone of the southeast Anatolian o...The G?ksun(Kahramanmaras)ophiolite(GKO),cropping out in a tectonic window bounded by the Malatya metamorphic unit on both the north and south,is located in the EW-trending lower nappe zone of the southeast Anatolian orogenic belt(Turkey).It exhibits a complete oceanic lithospheric section and overlies the Middle Eocene Maden Group/Complex with a tectonic contact at its base.The ophiolitic rocks and the tectonically overlying Malatya metamorphic(continental)unit were intruded by I-type calc-alkaline Late Cretaceous granitoid(~81-84 Ma).The ultramafic to cumulates in the GKO are represented by wehrlite,plagioclase wehrlite,olivine gabbro and gabbro.The crystallization order for the cumulate rocks is as follows:olivine±chromian spinel→clinopyroxene→plagioclase.The major and trace element geochemistry as well as the mineral chemistry of the ultramafic to mafic cumulate rocks suggest that the primary magma generating the GKO is compositionally similar to that observed in the modern island-arc tholeiitic sequences.The mineral chemistry of the ultramafic to mafic cumulates indicates that they were derived from a mantle source that was previously depleted by earlier partial melting events.The highly magnesian olivine(Fo77-83),clinopyroxene(Mg#of 82-90)and the highly Ca-plagioclase(An81-89)exhibit a close similarity to those,which formed in a supra-subduction zone(SSZ)setting.The field and the geochemical evidence suggest that the GKO formed as part of a much larger sheet of oceanic lithosphere,which accreted to the base of the Tauride active continental margin,including the ispendere,K?mürhan and the Guleman ophiolites.The latter were contemporaneous and genetically/tectonically related within the same SSZ setting during the closure of the Neotethyan oceanic basin(Berit Ocean)between the Taurides to the north and the Bitlis-Pütürge massif to the south during the Late Cretaceous.展开更多
Children often experience pain in different stage of life. After birth, newborns are exposed to many painful attempts and their anxiety levels increase with it. These painful attempts lead to metabolic or physiologica...Children often experience pain in different stage of life. After birth, newborns are exposed to many painful attempts and their anxiety levels increase with it. These painful attempts lead to metabolic or physiological problems in newborns. Excessive protein expenditure when exposed to pain for a long time, electrolyte inhalation, weakening of the immune system. Even repetitive painful procedures increase mortality and morbidity. Children experience pain due to acute onset diseases such as otitis media or pharyngitis and also in different medical interventions such vaccination, blood transfusion, vascular access, dressing change, lumber punching, or sickle cell anemia. Appropriate assessment scales should be used to treat pain effectively and adequately. Pharmacological treatment as well as non-pharmacological treatment methods has been found to be effective in the treatment of pain. Non-pharmacological methods allow your body to release natural endorphins and help to lift the pain to a minimum level or completely. In this study, current approaches and studies about pain in children will be presented. Non-pharmacological methods will be examined in more detail. Every child has right to live a painless life. It is one of the main purposes of nursing care to relieve children’s pain and improve their life quality.展开更多
Cross-shore sediment transport rate exposed to waves is very important for coastal morphology, the design of marine structures such as seawalls, jetties, breakwaters etc, and the prevention of coastal erosion and accr...Cross-shore sediment transport rate exposed to waves is very important for coastal morphology, the design of marine structures such as seawalls, jetties, breakwaters etc, and the prevention of coastal erosion and accretion due to onoff shore sediment transportation. In the present study, the experiments on cross-shore sediment transport are carried out in a laboratory wave channel with initial beach slopes of 1/8, 1/10 and 1/15. By using the regular waves with different deep-water wave steepnesses generated by a pedal-type wave generator, the geometrical characteristics of beach profiles under storm conditions and the parameters affecting on-off shore sediment transport are investigated for the beach materials with medium diameters of d50=0.25, 0.32, 0.45, 0.62 and 0.80 mm. The offshore bar geometric characteristics are the horizontal distances from the shoreline to the bar beginning （Xb）, crest （Xt）, and ending （Xs） points, the depth from the bar crest to the still water level （ht）, and the bar volume （Vbar）. The experimental results have indicated that when the deep-water steepness （Ha/L0） increased, the net movement to seaside increased. With the increasing wave steepness, the bars moved to widen herewith the vertical distances from still water level to the bar beginning （Xb）, crest （Xt） and ending （Xs） points and the horizontal distances from the coast line to the bar beginning, crest and ending points increased. It was also shown from experimental results that the horizontal distances from the bar beginning and ending points to the coast line increased with the decrease of the beach slope. The experimental results obtained from this study are compared with previous experimental work and found to be of the same magnitude as the experimental measurements and followed the expected basic trend.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Both the etiology and treatment of perianal fistulas present challenges,and there is no standard surgical approach.AIM To present the results of a modified fistulotomy technique that was implemented in a tertiary coloproctology reference center.METHODS Seventy-two patients who underwent surgical intervention for perianal fistula between August 2019 and January 2023 were treated using a modified fistulotomy technique.In this approach,the fistula tract was excised from the external opening up to the external sphincter fibers.The internal orifice was widened,and the septic focus within the inter sphincteric space was curetted.Partial internal sphincterotomy was performed up to the inter sphincteric plane.The anoderm from the internal orifice to the inter sphincteric space was closed with absorbable suture material,and a loose seton was placed at the level of the external sphincter.RESULTS The 72 patients who underwent modified fistulotomy were 77.8%male and 22.2%female,with a mean age of 42.2±11.5 years.The median follow-up period was 19 months.Preoperatively,93.1%of patients had high trans sphincteric fistulas,and 6.9%were females with anterior low trans sphincteric fistulas.In all cases,setons were placed during surgery using vascular tape.A total of 12.5%of patients experienced incontinence,involving gas(6.9%)or soiling(5.6%).There were no reports of solid or liquid incontinences.Complete healing was achieved in 83.3%of the patients,with a recurrence rate of 4.2%and a non-healing rate of 12.5%.CONCLUSION Our preliminary analysis suggests that this modified fistulotomy technique that targets distalization of the internal orifice is a promising alternative management strategy for perianal fistulas.
基金a project supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TüB?TAK) under grant No.114F166
文摘We present a comprehensive analysis of BI CVn,an eclipsing overcontact binary system.New BVR photometric observations,combined with available spectroscopic data,were analyzed simultaneously using the Wilson–Devinney method to derive the orbital and physical parameters of the system.The resulting stellar parameters are M1=0.58±0.01M⊙,M2=1.42±0.02M⊙,R1=0.88±0.01R⊙,R2=1.31±0.01R⊙,with an orbital separation of a=2.80±0.01R⊙.Based on all available CCD times of minimum light,including both ground-based and T ESS observations,the(O-C)diagram of BI CVn was analyzed.T he orbital period exhibits a long-term decrease at a rate of-2.3239(±0.0001)×10-8 day yr-1,likely due to mass transfer from the more massive to the less massive component.Superimposed on this trend is a cyclic variation with a period of 56.84±0.08 yr,indicative of a light-travel time effect caused by a third body,whose estimated mass is 0.63±0.02M⊙.Using these derived parameters,we modeled the binary’s evolution through non-conservative processes with the Binary Star Evolution code.The evolutionary tracks of the components were examined in multiple parameter planes,leading to an estimated merger timescale of approximately 2.70 Gyr.
文摘People inherently assess landscapes by creating spontaneous aesthetic liking judgments based on the surrounding stimuli.To understand these judgements objectively,use may be made of the fluency theory of aesthetic pleasure(the psychological processes through which people experience beauty).This study aims to predict people’s visual aesthetic preferences based on fluency theory and to correlate these preferences with landscape types and features.An ordinary least squares(OLS)regression model was developed to predict visual aesthetic liking,using image statistics as explanatory variables.We determined types of landscape using Landscape Character Assessment(LCA)and applied viewshed analyses distinguishing between near,medium,and far zones.We identified landscape features by content analysis making use of machine learning-based image recognition supplied by Google Cloud Vision API.The results show that vegetation and geological forms were the most significant features for people’s visual aesthetic liking,followed by waterscapes and built structures/human settlements.The viewshed analyses indicated that‘medium-altitude,low-gradient artificial areas’were visible in photographs with high aesthetic visual liking in all zones(i.e.,at all distances).When the photographs showing this type of landscape are examined,the artificial areas in the photographs turn out to consist mostly of historical buildings or remains.This finding suggests that historical sites are not just important for their cultural value,but for their visual aesthetic value as well.
文摘Solar energy is also a major renewable energy source that is clean and can be sustained at a minimum cost. CSP systems are another highly developed solar energy system that is environmentally friendly and can be installed with simple technology and rational cost. PV solar panels generate electric power when sunlight exists. Similarly, CSP system also generates electric power for immediate consumption when there is sunlight, but it also stores some of the solar energy as heat to be able to continue generating electric power when the weather is cloudy or during the night. In this study, an algorithm and software for effective heliostat were developed. Six districts were selected in Adana province to design and calculate solar power received by heliostat mirrors and delivered to the heat exchanger on top of the tower. Because a solar tracking mechanism is necessary for correct and instant orientation of mirrors, the developed software can calculate the orientation angles of each mirror at any moment of a day of the year. The algorithm also calculates the power received by PV solar panels with fixed orientation and with the same surface area as those of mirrors to compare the energy yields.
文摘Background:Identifying and managing patients'supportive care needs is an essential component of health care.The cancer patients'needs are multidimensional and it is important to identify these needs.This study was conducted to assess supportive care needs of women with gynecologic cancer and affecting factors.Methods:This cross-sectional study consisted of 98 women with gynecologic cancer.The data of the study was gathered using“Personal Information Form”and the“James Supportive Care Screening”.Results:The most frequently reported unmet needs of gynecologic cancer patients were emotional issues,including uncertainty(87.6%),fears(85.7%),feeling down(86.7%),worry(87.6%),loss of interest in usual activities(73.3%)and physical symptoms including fatigue/lack of energy(81.9%),weakness(81.9%),lack of appetite(76.2%).The most frequently reported social/practical problems was transportation problems(50%).The mean scores for JSCS was 29.72±15.57.There were a statistically significant difference was found only between family type,stage of the disease,and time of diagnosis,and the total mean scores of the JSCS(p<0.05).Conclusion:It has been determined that patients with gynecological cancer mostly experience emotional and physical problems.Health professionals working in the oncology unit should be aware of unmet needs.Certain programs and services to address the identified unmet needs should be provided.
基金financially supported by the Researchers Supporting Project(RSP2024R457).King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Currently,several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes.In this work,we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract(PESB)from Salvia blancoana subsp.mesatlan-tica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats.We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract,including flavones and flavonols content,to understand its biological action.The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action,scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH,and reducing power.The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90±0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract.The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51±4.09 mg(EAA)/g,the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3±0.00μg/mL,and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43±0.01μg/mL.In total,14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant(63.19%)while the vanillin was the less recorded(0.10%).Serum glucose decreased significantly(p<0.05)in rats given PESB(100 mg/kg)after four weeks.Glibenclamide(GLB)and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats,restoring HOMA-βand HOMA-IR levels to near-normal.Additionally,diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes,renal and lipid markers,as well as cardiovascular indices.The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB(100 mg/kg),and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats(p<0.01).PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas,liver,and kidney tissues.This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S.blancoana subsp.mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds.Therefore,more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Fruits including berries are one of the most important sources of our daily nutrition due to their major aspect from point of view of consumers. The fruit quality includes the internal and external properties. The internal quality mainly is determined by aroma, flavor, taste, texture, nutritional quality (soluble sugar content, starch, organic acids, soluble solids content, and carotenoids, total flavonoids, total phenolic, antioxidant activity), flesh firmness, diseases, and chemical residues, while the external quality mainly concerns the appearance, size and colour and bruises. How to measure berry fruit quality has always been one of the most attractive research hotspots in the food industry. For the present, most of the available investigative methods are still destructive, labor and time-consuming;besides, several methods require sample preparation, costly instruments and chemicals, which cannot be used for large-scale sample evaluation. With the increasing demands of real-time detection of fruit quality, non-destructive fruit evaluation methods have been greatly developed. However, problems like low detection accuracy and poor model adaptability remain in the non-destructive detection system. Thus, it is necessary to develop non-destructive, high-efficient, simple, accurate and low-labor-cost techniques for fruit quality determination. In this paper, a comparison of different and advanced analytical methods for assessing the fruit quality characteristics of berries was discussed. </div>
文摘As a member of nuts, walnut is consumed from snacks to salads and desserts to entrees and an importantpart of human diet for centuries. Walnut biological and nutritional value is also enhanced by its valuable protein and rich in nutrient composition such as vitamins and minerals. The most important characteristic of walnut oil is the abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which makes it a unique food because of high amount of linoleic acid. Due to having valuable protein, vitamins and minerals it enhances biological and nourishment value, also. Recent epidemiological studies showed that consumption of walnut reduce cardiovascular diseases due to the rich in antioxidant properties, valuable fatty acids and tochopherols contents. In Turkey, walnut production and consumption increases year by year. The kernel of walnut genotypes shows variability in terms of their fat, fatty acid and tocopherol profiles. In this paper, it was aimed to characterize 10 walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars (Bilecik, Chandler, Hartley, Howard, Maras 12, Maras 18, Midland, Pedro, Sen and Serr) based on their fatty acid profiles using GC (Gas Chromatography), tocopherol and its isomers by HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) and total phenol content with spectrometric methods. Among the walnut cultivars “Hartley” was the highest linoleic acid (64.56%) and “Howard” was the α-linolenic acid 13.26 (%). The highest values of α (38.76 μg/g), β + γ (312.19 μg/g) and δ-tocopherol (40.77 μg/g) and total phenol (349 mg GAE/100 g ext) content were detected in “Sen” cultivar. Obtained results might be significant for further breeding programme to improve rich in especially γ-tocopherol linoleic acids and total phenolic compounds.
文摘Water is essential for the growth period of crops;however,water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops,which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops.Therefore,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar phosphorus(P)on morphological,gas exchange,biochemical traits,and phosphorus use efficiency(PUE)of maize(Zea mays L.)hybrids grown under normal as well as water deficit situations at the Department of Agronomy,University of Agriculture Faisalabad,Pakistan in 2014.Two different treatments(control and P@8 kg ha^(−1))and four hybrids(Hycorn,31P41,65625,and 32B33)of maize were tested by using a randomized complete block design(RCBD)with three replications.Results showed that the water stress caused a remarkable decline in total soluble protein(9.7%),photosynthetic rate(9.4%)and transpiration rate(13.4%),stomatal conductance(10.2%),and internal CO_(2)rate(20.4%)comparative to well-watered control.An increase of 37.1%,36.8%,and 24.5%were recorded for proline,total soluble sugar,and total free amino acid,respectively.However,foliar P application minimized the negative impact of drought by improving plant growth,physio-biochemical attributes,and PUE in maize plants under water stress conditions.Among the hybrids tested,the hybrid 6525 performed better both under stress and non-stress conditions.These outcomes confirmed that the exogenous application of P improved drought stress tolerance by modulating growth,physio-biochemical attributes,and PUE of maize hybrids.
文摘Drought is the major detrimental environmental factor for wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production.The exploration of genetic patterns underlying drought tolerance is of great significance.Here we report the gene actions controlling the phenological traits using the line×tester model studying 27 crosses and 12 parents under normal irrigation and drought conditions.The results interpreted via multiple analysis(mean performance,correlations,principal component,genetic analysis,heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential)disclosed highly significant differences among germplasm.The phenological waxiness traits(glume,boom,and sheath)were strongly interlinked.Flag leaf area exhibits a positive association with peduncle and spike length under drought.The growing degree days(heat-units)greatly influence spikelets and grains per spike,however,the grain yield/plant was significantly reduced(17.44 g to 13.25 g)under drought.The principal components based on eigenvalue indicated significant PCs(first-seven)accounted for 79.9%and 73.9%of total variability under normal irrigation and drought,respectively.The investigated yield traits showed complex genetic behaviour.The genetic advance confronted a moderate to high heritability for spikelets/spike and grain yield/plant.The traits conditioned by dominant genetic effects in normal irrigation were inversely controlled by additive genetic effects under drought and vice versa.The magnitude of dominance effects for phenological and yield traits,i.e.,leaf twist,auricle hairiness,grain yield/plant,spikelets,and grains/spike suggests that selection by the pedigree method is appropriate for improving these traits under normal irrigation conditions and could serve as an indirect selection index for improving yield-oriented traits in wheat populations for drought tolerance.However,the phenotypic selection could be more than effective for traits conditioned by additive genetic effects under drought.We suggest five significant cross combinations based on heterotic and heterobeltiotic potential of wheat genotypes for improved yield and enhanced biological production of wheat in advanced generations under drought.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the success rate of goniotomy and trabecu?lotomy procedures performed to the patients with congenital glaucoma. Material and methods: 12 eyes of 6 patients with primary congenital glaucoma were operated. Goniotomy was performed to the patients with a clear cornea that has a diameter under 15 mmHg, while trabeculotomy was performed to the cas-
基金Cukurova University Research Foundation for their support(Project No:FYL-2018-10437,FBA-2021-13093)。
文摘Chromitites associated with intensely altered dunites and harzburgites from fourteen dif ferent localities in the Islahiye ophiolites(SE Anatolia)is reported here for the first time.These chromitites were observed as lenticular and banded bodies with disseminated and massive textures and containing magnesiochromite grains with the following composition:CrO=58.91–59.74 wt%,Al_(2)O_(3)=10.85–11.20 wt%,and TiO=0.09–0.13 wt%.The Mg#[Mg/(Mg+Fe)]values of magnesiochromite from the Islahiye ophiolite range between 0.52 and 0.60 and their Cr#[Cr/(Cr+Al)]values vary from 0.7802 to 0.7844.These contents vary with a constant pattern,coincident with the estimated parental liquids that have originated from the derivative of a single bulk of boninitic magma together with Al,Ti-poor,and Cr-rich initial contents.The chromitites are serpentinised in almost all parts of the study area,and harzburgite and dunite can be observed in different locations.Although the overall composition of platinum group elements(PGE)in most examined chromitites varies between 97 and 191 ppb,three chromitites from the Islahiye region present enrichments in overall PGE(up to 214 ppb).The mineralogical and geochemical features of chromitites from the Islahiye region exhibit a robust similarity to podiform chromitites in the mantle fragment of supra–subduction zone type ophiolitic bodies.The estimated parental magmas of the investigated chromites are consistent with the diff erentiation of arcrelated melts and do not suggest an oceanic spreading centre tectonic environment.The Islahiye chromites are enriched in IPGE(Ir,Os,Ru),with the occasional presence of Ru and Ir and higher Os contents in chromite.Furthermore,we did not find any platinum group minerals(PGM)associated with the serpentine silicate sample matrix,which would have stated a secondary enrichment in PGEs.All chromitites in the investigated region have high Cr and low Ti values,are defined as magnesiochromite and were crystallised from a characteristic boninitic magma.
文摘Natural stones used as floor and wall coverings are exposed to many different abrasive forces,so it is essential to choose suitable materials for wear resistance in terms of the life of the structure.The abrasion resistance of natural stones can be determined in the laboratory by applying the B?hme abrasion resistance(BAR)test.However,the direct analysis of BAR in the laboratory has disadvantages such as wasting time and energy,experimental errors,and health impacts.To eliminate these disadvantages,the estimation of BAR using artificial neural networks(ANN)was proposed.Different natural stone samples were collected from Türkiye,and uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),flexural strength(FS),water absorption rate(WA),unit volume weight(UW),effective porosity(n),and BAR tests were carried out.The outputs of these tests were gathered and a data set,consisting of a total of 105 data,was randomly divided into two groups:testing and training.In the current study,the success of three different training algorithms of Levenberg-Marquardt(LM),Bayesian regularization(BR),and scaled conjugate gradient(SCG)were compared for BAR prediction of natural stones.Statistical criteria such as coefficient of determination(R~2),mean square error(MSE),mean square error(RMSE),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),which are widely used and adopted in the literature,were used to determine predictive validity.The findings of the study indicated that ANN is a valid method for estimating the BAR value.Also,the LM algorithm(R~2=0.9999,MSE=0.0001,RMSE=0.0110,and MAPE=0.0487)in training and the BR algorithm(R~2=0.9896,MSE=0.0589,RMSE=0.2427,and MAPE=1.2327)in testing showed the best prediction performance.It has been observed that the proposed method is quite practical to implement.Using the artificial neural networks method will provide an advantage in similar laborintensive experimental studies.
基金supported by Research Funds of University of ukurova,Turkey
文摘Fetal cells can enter maternal blood during pregnancy but whether they can also cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the maternal brain remains poorly understood. Previous results suggest that fetal cells are summoned to repair damage to the mother＇s brain. If this is confirmed, it would open up new and safer avenues of treatment for brain damage caused by strokes and neural diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a baby＇s stem cells can enter the maternal brain during pregnancy. Deceased patients who had at least one male offspring and no history of abortion and blood transfusion were included in this study. DNA was extracted from brain tissue samples of deceased women using standard phenol-chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation methods. Genomic DNA was screened by quantitative fluorescent-polymerase chain reaction amplification together with short tandem repeat markers specific to the Y chromosome, and 13, 18, 21 and X. Any foreign DNA residues that could be used to interpret the presence of fetal stem cells in the maternal brain were monitored. Results indicated that fetal stem cells can not cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the maternal brain.
基金supported by the ukurova University Scientific Research Project Unite (FBE DK2002)
文摘Two new sporopollenin-immobilized Schiff bases,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino],and their cobalt(III) and nickel(II) complexes,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] aquatriacetato cobalt(III),S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III),S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] diacetato nickel(II),and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] diacetato nickel(II),were synthesized onto a chemically modified sporopollenin with ethylenediamine.The immobilized ligands and their metal complexes were characterized by thermal analysis and spectroscopic techniques such as infrared,ultraviolet-visible,and atomic absorption spectrometry.Immobilized Schiff base metal complexes,S-[N-(2-aminoetil) benzaldiimino] aquatriacetato cobalt(III) and S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III),were used as ligand exchanger media to investigate ligand adsorption behavior of methylene blue(MB) with column technique.The result shows that the chelation of methylene blue with S-[N-(2-aminoetil) salicylaldiimino] aquadiacetato cobalt(III) complex increases ligand adsorption capacity.
文摘Objective:To investigate granulomatous inflammation etiology based on clinical history and ancillary tests.Methods:Children aged<18 years with biopsy proven granulomatous lesions in any tissue specimens between January 2014 and January 2022 were included in the study.The diagnosis was based on the results of immunohistochemical staining,molecular tests,culture,serology,radiological and other auxiliary laboratory tests.Diagnoses were categorized into infectious and noninfectious causes.Results:In total,174 patients with granulomatosis inflammation confirmed by histopathology were analyzed.Approximately 59.2%patients were males,and the median age was 4.48(IQR 2.36-6.39)years(range:16 months-18 years).The tissues/organs that were most commonly biopsied were lymph node,bone,skin,and lung(51.1%,17.8%,9.2%,and 5.7%,respectively).Infectious and non-infectious causes were identified in 73.0%and 12.6%patients,respectively,in terms of granulomatosis inflammation etiology;however,no cause was identified in 14.4%patients.The most common infectious cause was tuberculosis(in 51.7%patients),followed by toxoplasmosis,aspergillosis,mucormycosis,leishmaniasis,and cat-scratch disease(in 8.6%,5.7%,1.7%,1.7%,and 1.1%patients,respectively).The common non-infectious cause was chronic granulomatous disease.Histopathological evaluation revealed granulomatosis inflammation in 33.3%patients,necrotizing granulomatosis inflammation in 30.5%patients,and caseating granulomatosis inflammation in 12.1%patients.When the pathology results of patients with and without tuberculosis were compared,the incidence of caseating granulomatosis inflammation(P=0.003)and necrotizing granulomatosis inflammation(P=0.005)was higher in patients with tuberculosis.Conclusions:Chronic granulomatous disease is the most common non-infectious cause in children.Moreover,primary or secondary immune deficiencies may cause granulomatosis inflammation,especially in pediatric patients.
文摘The recent studies on Artificial Intelligence(AI)accompanied by enhanced computing capabilities supports increasing attention into traditional control methods coupled with AI learning methods in an attempt to bringing adap-tiveness and fast responding features.The Model Predictive Control(MPC)tech-nique is a widely used,safe and reliable control method based on constraints.On the other hand,the Eddy Current dynamometers are highly nonlinear braking sys-tems whose performance parameters are related to many processes related vari-ables.This study is based on an adaptive model predictive control that utilizes selected AI methods.The presented approach presents an updated the mathema-tical model of an Eddy Current Dynamometer based on experimentally obtained system operational data.Finally,the comparison of AI methods and related learn-ing performances based on the assessment technique of mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)issues are discussed.The results indicate that Single Hidden Layer Neural Network(SHLNN),General Regression Neural Network(GRNN),Radial Basis Network(RBNN),Neuro Fuzzy Network(ANFIS)coupled MPC have quite satisfying performances.The presented results indicate that,amongst them,GRNN appears to provide the best performance.
基金supported by TüBITAK (YDABCAG199Y011) and the Cukurova University Scientific Research Projects (MMF2002BAP41)the Open Fund (GPMR201702) of State Key Lab of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhansubsidy by the Russian Government to support the Program of competitive growth of Kazan Federal University
文摘The G?ksun(Kahramanmaras)ophiolite(GKO),cropping out in a tectonic window bounded by the Malatya metamorphic unit on both the north and south,is located in the EW-trending lower nappe zone of the southeast Anatolian orogenic belt(Turkey).It exhibits a complete oceanic lithospheric section and overlies the Middle Eocene Maden Group/Complex with a tectonic contact at its base.The ophiolitic rocks and the tectonically overlying Malatya metamorphic(continental)unit were intruded by I-type calc-alkaline Late Cretaceous granitoid(~81-84 Ma).The ultramafic to cumulates in the GKO are represented by wehrlite,plagioclase wehrlite,olivine gabbro and gabbro.The crystallization order for the cumulate rocks is as follows:olivine±chromian spinel→clinopyroxene→plagioclase.The major and trace element geochemistry as well as the mineral chemistry of the ultramafic to mafic cumulate rocks suggest that the primary magma generating the GKO is compositionally similar to that observed in the modern island-arc tholeiitic sequences.The mineral chemistry of the ultramafic to mafic cumulates indicates that they were derived from a mantle source that was previously depleted by earlier partial melting events.The highly magnesian olivine(Fo77-83),clinopyroxene(Mg#of 82-90)and the highly Ca-plagioclase(An81-89)exhibit a close similarity to those,which formed in a supra-subduction zone(SSZ)setting.The field and the geochemical evidence suggest that the GKO formed as part of a much larger sheet of oceanic lithosphere,which accreted to the base of the Tauride active continental margin,including the ispendere,K?mürhan and the Guleman ophiolites.The latter were contemporaneous and genetically/tectonically related within the same SSZ setting during the closure of the Neotethyan oceanic basin(Berit Ocean)between the Taurides to the north and the Bitlis-Pütürge massif to the south during the Late Cretaceous.
文摘Children often experience pain in different stage of life. After birth, newborns are exposed to many painful attempts and their anxiety levels increase with it. These painful attempts lead to metabolic or physiological problems in newborns. Excessive protein expenditure when exposed to pain for a long time, electrolyte inhalation, weakening of the immune system. Even repetitive painful procedures increase mortality and morbidity. Children experience pain due to acute onset diseases such as otitis media or pharyngitis and also in different medical interventions such vaccination, blood transfusion, vascular access, dressing change, lumber punching, or sickle cell anemia. Appropriate assessment scales should be used to treat pain effectively and adequately. Pharmacological treatment as well as non-pharmacological treatment methods has been found to be effective in the treatment of pain. Non-pharmacological methods allow your body to release natural endorphins and help to lift the pain to a minimum level or completely. In this study, current approaches and studies about pain in children will be presented. Non-pharmacological methods will be examined in more detail. Every child has right to live a painless life. It is one of the main purposes of nursing care to relieve children’s pain and improve their life quality.
基金supported by ukurova University Research Fund under the Project No. CUMMF2004D5
文摘Cross-shore sediment transport rate exposed to waves is very important for coastal morphology, the design of marine structures such as seawalls, jetties, breakwaters etc, and the prevention of coastal erosion and accretion due to onoff shore sediment transportation. In the present study, the experiments on cross-shore sediment transport are carried out in a laboratory wave channel with initial beach slopes of 1/8, 1/10 and 1/15. By using the regular waves with different deep-water wave steepnesses generated by a pedal-type wave generator, the geometrical characteristics of beach profiles under storm conditions and the parameters affecting on-off shore sediment transport are investigated for the beach materials with medium diameters of d50=0.25, 0.32, 0.45, 0.62 and 0.80 mm. The offshore bar geometric characteristics are the horizontal distances from the shoreline to the bar beginning （Xb）, crest （Xt）, and ending （Xs） points, the depth from the bar crest to the still water level （ht）, and the bar volume （Vbar）. The experimental results have indicated that when the deep-water steepness （Ha/L0） increased, the net movement to seaside increased. With the increasing wave steepness, the bars moved to widen herewith the vertical distances from still water level to the bar beginning （Xb）, crest （Xt） and ending （Xs） points and the horizontal distances from the coast line to the bar beginning, crest and ending points increased. It was also shown from experimental results that the horizontal distances from the bar beginning and ending points to the coast line increased with the decrease of the beach slope. The experimental results obtained from this study are compared with previous experimental work and found to be of the same magnitude as the experimental measurements and followed the expected basic trend.
