In this paper,we study the asymptotic behavior of the micropolar fluid flow through a thin domain,assuming zero Dirichlet boundary condition on the top boundary,which is rapidly oscillating,and non-standard boundary c...In this paper,we study the asymptotic behavior of the micropolar fluid flow through a thin domain,assuming zero Dirichlet boundary condition on the top boundary,which is rapidly oscillating,and non-standard boundary conditions on the flat bottom.Assuming“Reynolds roughness regime”,in which the thickness of the domain is very small compared to the wavelength of the roughness(i.e.a very slight roughness),we rigorously derive a generalized Reynolds equation for pressure,clearly showing the roughness-induced effects.Moreover,we give expressions for the average velocity and microrotation.展开更多
In response to the increasing demand for hadron therapy facilities,significant efforts have been directed toward enhancing the performance of high-gradient and high-transmission injectors for light ion beams.For carbo...In response to the increasing demand for hadron therapy facilities,significant efforts have been directed toward enhancing the performance of high-gradient and high-transmission injectors for light ion beams.For carbon ion irradiations,which offer greater radiobiological efficiency in tumor treatment,recent research has focused on developing high-production sources of fully stripped C^(6+)ions and highly compact,high-frequency RFQ cavities.This study explores the design possibilities of a carbon ion acceleration section using 750 MHz Interdigital H-mode Drift Tube Linacs(IH-DTLs)as a high-efficiency solution for accelerating ions in the 5-10 MeV per nucleon energy range.A particle-tracking routine based on the TRAVEL code was developed to design the acceleration line through a tailored KONUS-type configuration.Three design solutions were proposed and compared,exploring different alternatives regarding the use of a MEBT to match the output beam phase space of the RFQ to the optics of the line,as well as varying considerations for magnetic systems to focus the beam.Additionally,the compatibility of the proposed solutions with the existing design of the carbon ion bent-linac for hadron therapy was assessed.展开更多
Bioethics is the argumentative discipline of decisions and actions that reduce conflicts of interest,dilemmas,or asymmetries between the parties involved in biomedical research.The objective of this work was to review...Bioethics is the argumentative discipline of decisions and actions that reduce conflicts of interest,dilemmas,or asymmetries between the parties involved in biomedical research.The objective of this work was to review and compare the dimensions used by bioethics in the communicative management of the pandemic,namely:risk,vulnerability,resilience,and stigma.A documentary,exploratory,transversal,and retrospective work was carried out with a sample of sources indexed in international repositories,considering the search by keywords and the publication period from 2020 to 2024.The results demonstrate the prevalence of supply,contagion,symptoms,and help against COVID-19.展开更多
We extend a well-known mass-gap equation for pure gluodynamics in global colour models(formulated in equal-time quantization in Coulomb gauge)to one in which gluons are split into two sets,each exhibiting different ma...We extend a well-known mass-gap equation for pure gluodynamics in global colour models(formulated in equal-time quantization in Coulomb gauge)to one in which gluons are split into two sets,each exhibiting different masses.If the theory is SU(N)×SU(M)with gluons in both groups having identical couplings(as suggested by Grand Unification arguments at large scales)it is immediate to see that different masses are generated for each subgroup.This global symmetry is not broken,but the split masses erase accidental symmetries that might be present due to the two couplings being the same at a large scale,such as SU(N×M)or similar.We also numerically explore a couple of low-dimensional examples of simple Lie groups,but in spite of the system of equations having a form that would seem to allow spontaneous symmetry breaking,it is not triggered for these groups whose algebra has no ideal,and the dispersion relations for the various gluons converge to the same form.展开更多
Fish constitutes the main protein source for the Amazonian population.However,the impact of different anthropogenic activities on trace element and metal accumulation in fish and their risks for human health at a regi...Fish constitutes the main protein source for the Amazonian population.However,the impact of different anthropogenic activities on trace element and metal accumulation in fish and their risks for human health at a regional scale remain largely unexplored.Here we assessed exposure levels of 10 trace elements andmetals(Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Pb,and Hg)in 56 samples belonging to 11 different species of fish from the Brazilian Amazon.We studied the relationship between exposure levels,fish origin,and fish feeding habits,and assessed toxicological and carcinogenic risks for the Amazonian population.No significant correlation was found between sampling site and exposure levels to the studied elements,but a significant difference was found between the accumulation of some metals and the position of the fish species in the food chain.The concentrations of Cr and Hg in fish flesh were found to exceed the Brazilian limits for human consumption.This study shows that current fish consumption patterns can lead to estimated daily intakes of Hg,As and Cr that exceed the oral reference dose,thus posing a toxicological concern.Furthermore,carcinogenic risks may be expected due to the continued exposure to Cr and As.The results of this study show that the consumption of wild caught fish in the Amazon region should be controlled.Moreover,continued monitoring of trace element and metal contamination in fish and on the health of the Amazonian population is recommended,particularly for riverine and indigenous communities.展开更多
Multiparent advanced generation inter-cross(MAGIC)populations improve the accuracy of quantitative trait loci mapping compared to biparental populations by increasing diversity and reducing linkage disequilibrium betw...Multiparent advanced generation inter-cross(MAGIC)populations improve the accuracy of quantitative trait loci mapping compared to biparental populations by increasing diversity and reducing linkage disequilibrium between variants.Here we describe the development of two MAGIC populations derived from a cross of 11 founder lines from the INTA(National Institute for Agricultural Technology in Argentina)sunflower breeding program.The founder lines are fertility maintainer inbred lines that exhibit genetic diversity in several traits,including flowering cycle,plant architecture,disease resistance,oil content and oil quality.The crossing scheme applied follows the design of two-way,four-way and eight-way crosses with a modification to increase the number of recombinations and shorten the linkage disequilibrium.Phenotyping a subset of F_(2)families and F_5 lines for different traits shows an increase in the diversity of the analyzed traits compared to the parental lines.In addition,we identified lines with transgressive segregation for Sunflower Verticillium Wilt resistance.These results confirm that the MAGIC populations will serve as unique genetic and genomic resources to better characterize the genetics of complex traits and identify potentially superior alleles for sunflower breeding.It will also enrich the gene pool of fertility maintainers(A/B line)of the sunflower germplasm and facilitate the introduction of new breeding methods to select female parents for use in AxR combinations to obtain superior sunflower hybrids.展开更多
The metabolic syndrome(MS), which includes obesity,dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia according to the most widely accepted definitions now used, is one of the most common post-transplant complications, wi...The metabolic syndrome(MS), which includes obesity,dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia according to the most widely accepted definitions now used, is one of the most common post-transplant complications, with a prevalence of 44%-58%. The MS, together with the immunosuppression, is considered the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in transplant recipients, which in turn accounts for 19%-42% of all deaths unrelated to the graft. The presence of MS represents a relative risk for the development of CVD and death of 1.78. On the other hand, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), considered as the manifestation of the MS in the liver, is now the second leading reason for liver transplantation in the United States after hepatitis C and alcohol. NAFLD has a high rate of recurrence in the liver graft and a direct relation with the worsening of other metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus. Consequently, it is vitally important to identify and treat as soon as possible such modifiable factors as hypertension, overweight, hyperlipidaemia or diabetes in transplanted patients to thus minimise the impact on patient survival. Additionally, steroid-free regimens are favoured, with minimal immunosuppression to limit the possible effects on the development of the MS.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent rep...INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent reports in which,surprisingly there is atotal lack of reference to the probable involvementof autonomic-arc-reflexes in the展开更多
Objective:To estimate to what extent the mixture of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid,in addition to the antitubercular standard regime,affects the hepatotoxicity profile.Methods:Liver injury was induced in male BALB/c ...Objective:To estimate to what extent the mixture of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid,in addition to the antitubercular standard regime,affects the hepatotoxicity profile.Methods:Liver injury was induced in male BALB/c mice by administering,per os and daily for 11 weeks,a combination of anti-Tubercular(anti-TB) agents Rifampicin(10 mg/kg),Isoniazid(10 mg/kg),and Pyrazinamide(30 mg/kg).The ursolic acid and oleanolic acid mixture at doses of 100 or 200 μg/mouse/day was subcutaneously injected throughout the entire study period(11 weeks).Biochemical and hematological analysis was supplemented by liver histological examination.Results:Animals treated with the mixture of triterpenic acids exhibited significantly decreased aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase levels and amelioration of the histopathological alterations produced by the anti-TB drugs.Conclusions:The triterpene mixture is able to prevent the steatosis induced by the anti-TB drugs.展开更多
Gallbladder tuberculosis (GT) is an extremely rare disease, and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The first case of GT was described in 1870 by Gaucher. A correct preoperative diagnosis of GT is unu...Gallbladder tuberculosis (GT) is an extremely rare disease, and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The first case of GT was described in 1870 by Gaucher. A correct preoperative diagnosis of GT is unusual, and it is frequently confused with various gallbladder diseases. We present a new case of a patient who underwent surgery with the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer after a false positive positron emission tomography scan in the diagnostic work-up.展开更多
Control systems governed by linear time-invariant neutral equations with different fractional orders are considered. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the controllability of those systems are established. The ex...Control systems governed by linear time-invariant neutral equations with different fractional orders are considered. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the controllability of those systems are established. The existence of optimal controls for the systems is given. Finally, two examples are provided to show the application of our results.展开更多
The anther culture technical was applied to produce haploid lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The hybrids (K/ A92VM061, K/A92VM067, K/A92VM0611, K/A92VM719, K/A92VM720 and K/A92VM721) were obtained in order to generate...The anther culture technical was applied to produce haploid lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The hybrids (K/ A92VM061, K/A92VM067, K/A92VM0611, K/A92VM719, K/A92VM720 and K/A92VM721) were obtained in order to generate new varieties from Indica and Japonica cultivars. Morphometric parameters of the grains were evaluated by image analysis. Flours were prepared from the whole rice grains and physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties, X-ray diffraction pattern and evaluation of color using the CIELAB system were assessed. The hybrids lines showed long (061, 611, 721), medium (719 and 720) and short (067) grains. The rice samples presented lipids (2.6% - 3.2%), protein (11% - 15%), total dietary fiber (8.4% - 10.2%), total starch (65% - 74%) and apparent amylose (5% - 32%) contents. Gelatinization temperature (Tp) was found in the range of 66.1℃ - 79.4℃ with enthalpy (ΔH) value between 3.4 - 8.1 J/g. The retrogradation parameters (temperature and ΔH) were lower than those for gelatinization in all samples. The rice samples presented A-type X-ray diffraction pattern. Rice pastes showed a non-Newtonian behavior and the brightness (L*) characterize the color of the samples. Hybrid rice grains presented morphometric properties more similar to Japonica than Indica variety. Rice hybrid had higher protein content than Indica variety. Apparent amylose, viscosity and gelatinization temperature varied significantly among hybrids and varieties.展开更多
Brucella suis is responsible for swine brucellosis worldwide. Of the five different B. suis biovars （by.）, bv. 2 appears restricted to Europe where it is frequently isolated from wild boar and hares, can infect pigs...Brucella suis is responsible for swine brucellosis worldwide. Of the five different B. suis biovars （by.）, bv. 2 appears restricted to Europe where it is frequently isolated from wild boar and hares, can infect pigs and can cause human brucellosis. In this study, the differ- ential gene expression profile was characterized in spleens of Eurasian wild boar naturally infected with B. suis bv. 2. Of the 20,201 genes analyzed in the microarray, 633 and 1,373 were significantly （fold change 〉 1.8; P 〈 0.01） upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in infected wild boar. The analysis was focused on genes that were over represented after conditional test for biological process gene ontology. Upregulated genes suggested that B. suis bv. 2 infection induced cell maturation, migration and/or proliferation in infected animals. The genes downregulated in infected wild boar impaired the activity of several important cellular metabolic pathways such as metabolism, cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis, immune response and lysosomal function and vesicle-mediated transport. In addition, the response to stress, sperm fertility, muscle development and apoptosis seemed to be also impaired in infected animals. These results suggested that B. suis bv. 2 may use strategies similar to other smooth brucellae to facilitate intracellular multiplication and the development of chronic infections. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the analysis of gene expression profile in hosts infected with B. suis bv. 2, which is important to understand the molecular mechanisms at the host-pathogen interface in the main reservoir species with possible implications in the zoonotic cycle of the pathogen.展开更多
Brain size and weight vary tremendously in the animal kingdom. It has been suggested that brain structural develop- ment must evolve balanced between the advantages of dealing with greater social challenges mad the en...Brain size and weight vary tremendously in the animal kingdom. It has been suggested that brain structural develop- ment must evolve balanced between the advantages of dealing with greater social challenges mad the energetic costs of maintain- ing and developing larger brains. Here we ask if interspecific differences in cooperative behaviour （i.e. cleaning behaviour） are related to brain weight variations in four close-related species of Labrid fish： two are obligatory cleanerfish throughout their en- tire life （Labroides dimidiatus and L. bicolor）, one facultative cleaner fish Labropsis australis and one last species that never en- gage in cleaning Labrichthys unilineatus. We first search for the link between the rate of species＇ cooperation and its relative brain weight, and finally, if the degree of social complexity and cooperation are reflected in the weight of its major brain sub- structures. Overall, no differences were found in relative brain weight （in relation to body weight） across species. Fine-scale dif- ferences were solely demonstrated for the facultative cleaner L. australis, at the brainstem level. Furthermore, data visual exami- nation indicates that the average cerebellum and brainstem weights appear to be larger for L. dimidiatus. Because variation was solely found at specific brain areas （such as cerebellum and brainstem） and not for the whole brain weight values, it suggests that species social-ecological and cognitive demands may be directly contributing to a selective investment in relevant brain areas. This study provides first preliminary evidence that links potential differences in cognitive ability in cooperative behaviour to how these may mediate the evolution of brain structural development in non-mammal vertebrate groups .展开更多
Let Q be the Q-matrix of an irreducible, positive recurrent Markov process on a countable state space. We show that, under a number of conditions, the stationary distributions of the n × n north-west corner augme...Let Q be the Q-matrix of an irreducible, positive recurrent Markov process on a countable state space. We show that, under a number of conditions, the stationary distributions of the n × n north-west corner augmentations of Q converge in total variation to the stationary distribution of the process. Two conditions guaranteeing such convergence include exponential ergodicity and stochastic monotonicity of the process. The same also holds for processes dominated by a stochastically monotone Markov process. In addition, we shall show that finite perturbations of stochastically monotone processes may be viewed as being dominated by a stochastically monotone process, thus extending the scope of these results to a larger class of processes. Consequently, the augmentation method provides an attractive, intuitive method for approximating the stationary distributions of a large class of Markov processes on countably infinite state spaces from a finite amount of known information.展开更多
Changes in land cover have a direct impact on forest ecosystem goods and services. In this study, changes in land cover in Sierra de Juarez–Oaxaca ecosystems were estimated using a consistent processing of Landsat im...Changes in land cover have a direct impact on forest ecosystem goods and services. In this study, changes in land cover in Sierra de Juarez–Oaxaca ecosystems were estimated using a consistent processing of Landsat images and OBIA methodology. Additionally, landscape analyses using FRAGSTAT were conducted. In 2014, Sierra de Juarez–Oaxaca was covered by approximately 84% of forests, mainly pine-oak and cloud forests. After extensive deforestation until 2001, this trend was reversed and the forest cover surface area in 2014 was slightly higher than in 1979. The comparison of the landscape structure of the forested and agricultural lands suggests an increase in habitat heterogeneity. However, interspersion and juxtaposition indices, showing the patch shape by patch area and perimeter, were similar throughout the study period(1979–2014). Social and economic drivers can explain this situation: namely, community organization, forest enterprises, payment for ecosystem services programs, and changes of agricultural activity. Communities in the Sierra of Oaxaca have reforested degraded lands, created community forest enterprises, and preserved the forest under conservation schemes like those proposed by the Mexican payment for ecosystem services programs. However, their sustainable management faces internal challenges and has become highly dependent on political and institutional decisions beyond their control.展开更多
To the Editor:Wepresentacaseofa22-year-oldwomanwithrecurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. The patient had no known risk factors such as history of alcoholism, smoking, pre-existing medical conditions, family member...To the Editor:Wepresentacaseofa22-year-oldwomanwithrecurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. The patient had no known risk factors such as history of alcoholism, smoking, pre-existing medical conditions, family members with pancreatitis, autoimmune disease orregularuseofmedications.Duringthelastepisode,anamylase peak (1175 U/L) and increased inflammatory markers were de-展开更多
This paper is dedicated to applying the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test(FAST)method to the problem of mixed extension and inflation of a circular cylindrical tube in the presence of residual stresses.The metafuncti...This paper is dedicated to applying the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test(FAST)method to the problem of mixed extension and inflation of a circular cylindrical tube in the presence of residual stresses.The metafunctions and the Ishigami function are considered in the sensitivity analysis(SA).The effects of the input variables on the output variables are investigated,and the most important parameters of the system under the applied pressure and axial force such as the axial stretch and the azimuthal stretch are determined.展开更多
Cytogenetic analysis requires cytological preparations that unequivocally reveal the chromosome number and permit optimal visualizations of chromosome morphology for the construction of karyotypes and ideograms. Chrom...Cytogenetic analysis requires cytological preparations that unequivocally reveal the chromosome number and permit optimal visualizations of chromosome morphology for the construction of karyotypes and ideograms. Chromosomal characterization is possible only by establishing these two parameters. To cytogenetically characterize the weed Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae), it was necessary to improve cytological analysis techniques to obtain optimal results. This species belongs to a genus whose plants have wide phenotypic plasticity. These plants can be morphologically differentiated by other types of analysis, and thus the application of this technique will serve as a reference for cytogenetical analysis of other groups of plants that have cytogenetic characteristics similar to those of C. bonariensis. The methodology described here highlights three main protocol steps: 1) root tip collection from newly germinated seed radicles and from young root tips of mature plants, 2) pretreatment of meristems with antimitotic agents, both isolated and combined, and 3) acid and enzymatic hydrolytic processes.展开更多
This paper presents a domain engineering approach to build a software product line that supports the change notification service in a Configuration Management Database (CMDB) according to the Information Technology In...This paper presents a domain engineering approach to build a software product line that supports the change notification service in a Configuration Management Database (CMDB) according to the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) best practices. For the development of this product line, the proposed approach makes use of a construction of products methodology by analogy: this is a new notation which reports the variability of the products, obtaining metrics as important as the number of products and uses a language that enables, by means of the flexibilization of a product and the development of some generators, to build the rest of the product line. In addition the paper offers a standard for the analysis and design of the CMDB as well. Finally, the paper presents an economic model for the product line, where the profitability and productivity of the proposed solution are analyzed.展开更多
文摘In this paper,we study the asymptotic behavior of the micropolar fluid flow through a thin domain,assuming zero Dirichlet boundary condition on the top boundary,which is rapidly oscillating,and non-standard boundary conditions on the flat bottom.Assuming“Reynolds roughness regime”,in which the thickness of the domain is very small compared to the wavelength of the roughness(i.e.a very slight roughness),we rigorously derive a generalized Reynolds equation for pressure,clearly showing the roughness-induced effects.Moreover,we give expressions for the average velocity and microrotation.
基金Project co-funded by European Union in the context of the precommercial public procurement of RD services managed by CDTI E.P.Eco-funded by the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)as part of the project for the development of a Compact Linear Accelerator for Hadrontherapy,Exp.CPP 03/2023 AB(DCCPI/OCPI)。
文摘In response to the increasing demand for hadron therapy facilities,significant efforts have been directed toward enhancing the performance of high-gradient and high-transmission injectors for light ion beams.For carbon ion irradiations,which offer greater radiobiological efficiency in tumor treatment,recent research has focused on developing high-production sources of fully stripped C^(6+)ions and highly compact,high-frequency RFQ cavities.This study explores the design possibilities of a carbon ion acceleration section using 750 MHz Interdigital H-mode Drift Tube Linacs(IH-DTLs)as a high-efficiency solution for accelerating ions in the 5-10 MeV per nucleon energy range.A particle-tracking routine based on the TRAVEL code was developed to design the acceleration line through a tailored KONUS-type configuration.Three design solutions were proposed and compared,exploring different alternatives regarding the use of a MEBT to match the output beam phase space of the RFQ to the optics of the line,as well as varying considerations for magnetic systems to focus the beam.Additionally,the compatibility of the proposed solutions with the existing design of the carbon ion bent-linac for hadron therapy was assessed.
文摘Bioethics is the argumentative discipline of decisions and actions that reduce conflicts of interest,dilemmas,or asymmetries between the parties involved in biomedical research.The objective of this work was to review and compare the dimensions used by bioethics in the communicative management of the pandemic,namely:risk,vulnerability,resilience,and stigma.A documentary,exploratory,transversal,and retrospective work was carried out with a sample of sources indexed in international repositories,considering the search by keywords and the publication period from 2020 to 2024.The results demonstrate the prevalence of supply,contagion,symptoms,and help against COVID-19.
基金supported by the EU under grant 824093(STRONG2020)spanish MICINN under PID2019-108655GBI00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033,PID2019-106080GB-C21 and PRX23/00225(estancias en el extranjero)Univ.Complutense de Madrid under research group 910309 and the IPARCOS institute。
文摘We extend a well-known mass-gap equation for pure gluodynamics in global colour models(formulated in equal-time quantization in Coulomb gauge)to one in which gluons are split into two sets,each exhibiting different masses.If the theory is SU(N)×SU(M)with gluons in both groups having identical couplings(as suggested by Grand Unification arguments at large scales)it is immediate to see that different masses are generated for each subgroup.This global symmetry is not broken,but the split masses erase accidental symmetries that might be present due to the two couplings being the same at a large scale,such as SU(N×M)or similar.We also numerically explore a couple of low-dimensional examples of simple Lie groups,but in spite of the system of equations having a form that would seem to allow spontaneous symmetry breaking,it is not triggered for these groups whose algebra has no ideal,and the dispersion relations for the various gluons converge to the same form.
基金supported by the National Geographic Society through an early career grant to A.Rico (EC-59809C-19)Support Programme-PlanGenT (CIDEGENT/2020/043)of the Generalitat ValencianaR.Oliveira acknowledges"Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo"-FAPESP (Project 2018/03108-0).
文摘Fish constitutes the main protein source for the Amazonian population.However,the impact of different anthropogenic activities on trace element and metal accumulation in fish and their risks for human health at a regional scale remain largely unexplored.Here we assessed exposure levels of 10 trace elements andmetals(Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Pb,and Hg)in 56 samples belonging to 11 different species of fish from the Brazilian Amazon.We studied the relationship between exposure levels,fish origin,and fish feeding habits,and assessed toxicological and carcinogenic risks for the Amazonian population.No significant correlation was found between sampling site and exposure levels to the studied elements,but a significant difference was found between the accumulation of some metals and the position of the fish species in the food chain.The concentrations of Cr and Hg in fish flesh were found to exceed the Brazilian limits for human consumption.This study shows that current fish consumption patterns can lead to estimated daily intakes of Hg,As and Cr that exceed the oral reference dose,thus posing a toxicological concern.Furthermore,carcinogenic risks may be expected due to the continued exposure to Cr and As.The results of this study show that the consumption of wild caught fish in the Amazon region should be controlled.Moreover,continued monitoring of trace element and metal contamination in fish and on the health of the Amazonian population is recommended,particularly for riverine and indigenous communities.
基金supported by a doctoral grant from the National Scientific and Technical Research Council(Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y T ecnicas,CONICET)the National Institute of Agricultural Technology(INTA)+1 种基金by projects funded by INTA(CP_2019–2023 I-114,I-127,I-090/2023–2025 I-111,I-87)Agencia Nacional de Promocio n Científica y T ecnica(PICT 2017N?2523)。
文摘Multiparent advanced generation inter-cross(MAGIC)populations improve the accuracy of quantitative trait loci mapping compared to biparental populations by increasing diversity and reducing linkage disequilibrium between variants.Here we describe the development of two MAGIC populations derived from a cross of 11 founder lines from the INTA(National Institute for Agricultural Technology in Argentina)sunflower breeding program.The founder lines are fertility maintainer inbred lines that exhibit genetic diversity in several traits,including flowering cycle,plant architecture,disease resistance,oil content and oil quality.The crossing scheme applied follows the design of two-way,four-way and eight-way crosses with a modification to increase the number of recombinations and shorten the linkage disequilibrium.Phenotyping a subset of F_(2)families and F_5 lines for different traits shows an increase in the diversity of the analyzed traits compared to the parental lines.In addition,we identified lines with transgressive segregation for Sunflower Verticillium Wilt resistance.These results confirm that the MAGIC populations will serve as unique genetic and genomic resources to better characterize the genetics of complex traits and identify potentially superior alleles for sunflower breeding.It will also enrich the gene pool of fertility maintainers(A/B line)of the sunflower germplasm and facilitate the introduction of new breeding methods to select female parents for use in AxR combinations to obtain superior sunflower hybrids.
文摘The metabolic syndrome(MS), which includes obesity,dyslipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia according to the most widely accepted definitions now used, is one of the most common post-transplant complications, with a prevalence of 44%-58%. The MS, together with the immunosuppression, is considered the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in transplant recipients, which in turn accounts for 19%-42% of all deaths unrelated to the graft. The presence of MS represents a relative risk for the development of CVD and death of 1.78. On the other hand, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), considered as the manifestation of the MS in the liver, is now the second leading reason for liver transplantation in the United States after hepatitis C and alcohol. NAFLD has a high rate of recurrence in the liver graft and a direct relation with the worsening of other metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus. Consequently, it is vitally important to identify and treat as soon as possible such modifiable factors as hypertension, overweight, hyperlipidaemia or diabetes in transplanted patients to thus minimise the impact on patient survival. Additionally, steroid-free regimens are favoured, with minimal immunosuppression to limit the possible effects on the development of the MS.
文摘INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent reports in which,surprisingly there is atotal lack of reference to the probable involvementof autonomic-arc-reflexes in the
基金partly supported by Grant from the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (NO.FIS/IMSS/PROT/G12/1126FIS/IMSS/PROT/G14/1341)
文摘Objective:To estimate to what extent the mixture of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid,in addition to the antitubercular standard regime,affects the hepatotoxicity profile.Methods:Liver injury was induced in male BALB/c mice by administering,per os and daily for 11 weeks,a combination of anti-Tubercular(anti-TB) agents Rifampicin(10 mg/kg),Isoniazid(10 mg/kg),and Pyrazinamide(30 mg/kg).The ursolic acid and oleanolic acid mixture at doses of 100 or 200 μg/mouse/day was subcutaneously injected throughout the entire study period(11 weeks).Biochemical and hematological analysis was supplemented by liver histological examination.Results:Animals treated with the mixture of triterpenic acids exhibited significantly decreased aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase levels and amelioration of the histopathological alterations produced by the anti-TB drugs.Conclusions:The triterpene mixture is able to prevent the steatosis induced by the anti-TB drugs.
文摘Gallbladder tuberculosis (GT) is an extremely rare disease, and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The first case of GT was described in 1870 by Gaucher. A correct preoperative diagnosis of GT is unusual, and it is frequently confused with various gallbladder diseases. We present a new case of a patient who underwent surgery with the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer after a false positive positron emission tomography scan in the diagnostic work-up.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project(2014JQ1041)of Shaanxi Provincethe Scientic Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department(14JK1300)+1 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program(BS1342)of Xi’an Polytechnic Universitysupported by Ministerio de Economíay Competitividad and EC fund FEDER,Project no.MTM2010-15314,Spain
文摘Control systems governed by linear time-invariant neutral equations with different fractional orders are considered. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the controllability of those systems are established. The existence of optimal controls for the systems is given. Finally, two examples are provided to show the application of our results.
文摘The anther culture technical was applied to produce haploid lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The hybrids (K/ A92VM061, K/A92VM067, K/A92VM0611, K/A92VM719, K/A92VM720 and K/A92VM721) were obtained in order to generate new varieties from Indica and Japonica cultivars. Morphometric parameters of the grains were evaluated by image analysis. Flours were prepared from the whole rice grains and physicochemical, thermal and rheological properties, X-ray diffraction pattern and evaluation of color using the CIELAB system were assessed. The hybrids lines showed long (061, 611, 721), medium (719 and 720) and short (067) grains. The rice samples presented lipids (2.6% - 3.2%), protein (11% - 15%), total dietary fiber (8.4% - 10.2%), total starch (65% - 74%) and apparent amylose (5% - 32%) contents. Gelatinization temperature (Tp) was found in the range of 66.1℃ - 79.4℃ with enthalpy (ΔH) value between 3.4 - 8.1 J/g. The retrogradation parameters (temperature and ΔH) were lower than those for gelatinization in all samples. The rice samples presented A-type X-ray diffraction pattern. Rice pastes showed a non-Newtonian behavior and the brightness (L*) characterize the color of the samples. Hybrid rice grains presented morphometric properties more similar to Japonica than Indica variety. Rice hybrid had higher protein content than Indica variety. Apparent amylose, viscosity and gelatinization temperature varied significantly among hybrids and varieties.
基金supported by the Grupo Santander and Fundación Marcelino Botín,Spain (Project Control of Tu-berculosis in Wildlife), Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MECProject AGL2005-07401)FEDER,Spain. R.C. Galindo was funded by MEC,Spain
文摘Brucella suis is responsible for swine brucellosis worldwide. Of the five different B. suis biovars （by.）, bv. 2 appears restricted to Europe where it is frequently isolated from wild boar and hares, can infect pigs and can cause human brucellosis. In this study, the differ- ential gene expression profile was characterized in spleens of Eurasian wild boar naturally infected with B. suis bv. 2. Of the 20,201 genes analyzed in the microarray, 633 and 1,373 were significantly （fold change 〉 1.8; P 〈 0.01） upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in infected wild boar. The analysis was focused on genes that were over represented after conditional test for biological process gene ontology. Upregulated genes suggested that B. suis bv. 2 infection induced cell maturation, migration and/or proliferation in infected animals. The genes downregulated in infected wild boar impaired the activity of several important cellular metabolic pathways such as metabolism, cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis, immune response and lysosomal function and vesicle-mediated transport. In addition, the response to stress, sperm fertility, muscle development and apoptosis seemed to be also impaired in infected animals. These results suggested that B. suis bv. 2 may use strategies similar to other smooth brucellae to facilitate intracellular multiplication and the development of chronic infections. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the analysis of gene expression profile in hosts infected with B. suis bv. 2, which is important to understand the molecular mechanisms at the host-pathogen interface in the main reservoir species with possible implications in the zoonotic cycle of the pathogen.
文摘Brain size and weight vary tremendously in the animal kingdom. It has been suggested that brain structural develop- ment must evolve balanced between the advantages of dealing with greater social challenges mad the energetic costs of maintain- ing and developing larger brains. Here we ask if interspecific differences in cooperative behaviour （i.e. cleaning behaviour） are related to brain weight variations in four close-related species of Labrid fish： two are obligatory cleanerfish throughout their en- tire life （Labroides dimidiatus and L. bicolor）, one facultative cleaner fish Labropsis australis and one last species that never en- gage in cleaning Labrichthys unilineatus. We first search for the link between the rate of species＇ cooperation and its relative brain weight, and finally, if the degree of social complexity and cooperation are reflected in the weight of its major brain sub- structures. Overall, no differences were found in relative brain weight （in relation to body weight） across species. Fine-scale dif- ferences were solely demonstrated for the facultative cleaner L. australis, at the brainstem level. Furthermore, data visual exami- nation indicates that the average cerebellum and brainstem weights appear to be larger for L. dimidiatus. Because variation was solely found at specific brain areas （such as cerebellum and brainstem） and not for the whole brain weight values, it suggests that species social-ecological and cognitive demands may be directly contributing to a selective investment in relevant brain areas. This study provides first preliminary evidence that links potential differences in cognitive ability in cooperative behaviour to how these may mediate the evolution of brain structural development in non-mammal vertebrate groups .
文摘Let Q be the Q-matrix of an irreducible, positive recurrent Markov process on a countable state space. We show that, under a number of conditions, the stationary distributions of the n × n north-west corner augmentations of Q converge in total variation to the stationary distribution of the process. Two conditions guaranteeing such convergence include exponential ergodicity and stochastic monotonicity of the process. The same also holds for processes dominated by a stochastically monotone Markov process. In addition, we shall show that finite perturbations of stochastically monotone processes may be viewed as being dominated by a stochastically monotone process, thus extending the scope of these results to a larger class of processes. Consequently, the augmentation method provides an attractive, intuitive method for approximating the stationary distributions of a large class of Markov processes on countably infinite state spaces from a finite amount of known information.
基金supported by the COMET-LA project(FP7-Environment-ENV.2011.4.2.3-1-282845)of the European Community
文摘Changes in land cover have a direct impact on forest ecosystem goods and services. In this study, changes in land cover in Sierra de Juarez–Oaxaca ecosystems were estimated using a consistent processing of Landsat images and OBIA methodology. Additionally, landscape analyses using FRAGSTAT were conducted. In 2014, Sierra de Juarez–Oaxaca was covered by approximately 84% of forests, mainly pine-oak and cloud forests. After extensive deforestation until 2001, this trend was reversed and the forest cover surface area in 2014 was slightly higher than in 1979. The comparison of the landscape structure of the forested and agricultural lands suggests an increase in habitat heterogeneity. However, interspersion and juxtaposition indices, showing the patch shape by patch area and perimeter, were similar throughout the study period(1979–2014). Social and economic drivers can explain this situation: namely, community organization, forest enterprises, payment for ecosystem services programs, and changes of agricultural activity. Communities in the Sierra of Oaxaca have reforested degraded lands, created community forest enterprises, and preserved the forest under conservation schemes like those proposed by the Mexican payment for ecosystem services programs. However, their sustainable management faces internal challenges and has become highly dependent on political and institutional decisions beyond their control.
文摘To the Editor:Wepresentacaseofa22-year-oldwomanwithrecurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. The patient had no known risk factors such as history of alcoholism, smoking, pre-existing medical conditions, family members with pancreatitis, autoimmune disease orregularuseofmedications.Duringthelastepisode,anamylase peak (1175 U/L) and increased inflammatory markers were de-
文摘This paper is dedicated to applying the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test(FAST)method to the problem of mixed extension and inflation of a circular cylindrical tube in the presence of residual stresses.The metafunctions and the Ishigami function are considered in the sensitivity analysis(SA).The effects of the input variables on the output variables are investigated,and the most important parameters of the system under the applied pressure and axial force such as the axial stretch and the azimuthal stretch are determined.
文摘Cytogenetic analysis requires cytological preparations that unequivocally reveal the chromosome number and permit optimal visualizations of chromosome morphology for the construction of karyotypes and ideograms. Chromosomal characterization is possible only by establishing these two parameters. To cytogenetically characterize the weed Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Asteraceae), it was necessary to improve cytological analysis techniques to obtain optimal results. This species belongs to a genus whose plants have wide phenotypic plasticity. These plants can be morphologically differentiated by other types of analysis, and thus the application of this technique will serve as a reference for cytogenetical analysis of other groups of plants that have cytogenetic characteristics similar to those of C. bonariensis. The methodology described here highlights three main protocol steps: 1) root tip collection from newly germinated seed radicles and from young root tips of mature plants, 2) pretreatment of meristems with antimitotic agents, both isolated and combined, and 3) acid and enzymatic hydrolytic processes.
文摘This paper presents a domain engineering approach to build a software product line that supports the change notification service in a Configuration Management Database (CMDB) according to the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) best practices. For the development of this product line, the proposed approach makes use of a construction of products methodology by analogy: this is a new notation which reports the variability of the products, obtaining metrics as important as the number of products and uses a language that enables, by means of the flexibilization of a product and the development of some generators, to build the rest of the product line. In addition the paper offers a standard for the analysis and design of the CMDB as well. Finally, the paper presents an economic model for the product line, where the profitability and productivity of the proposed solution are analyzed.
