164 previous sperm donors completed an online survey regarding health and genetic experiences and views. Results highlight that donors desire to act responsibly with recruiting facilities is not always possible. Objec...164 previous sperm donors completed an online survey regarding health and genetic experiences and views. Results highlight that donors desire to act responsibly with recruiting facilities is not always possible. Objective: Obtaining the views and experiences of sperm donors regarding health and genetic matters. Design: Online survey. Setting: Not applicable. Participants: 164 previous sperm donors. Interventions: Not applicable. Main outcome measures: Views and experiences on health and genetic issues. Results: A variety of approaches are adopted by recruiting facilities in regard to selection and post-donation factors. The vast majority of donors said they had not been contacted by the facility they donated at to update their medical information, while almost one quarter of donors indicated that a health or genetic risk factor had occurred. A great majority of donors felt that they had not received any education or counselling on the potential curiosities of donor conceived people. Donors sought to be honest and open with staff but often found there were difficulties in doing so. Conclusions: Overall, donors indicate that they see donating as involving responsibilities to the offspring and families. The study highlights however that their ability to act responsibly is limited by some of the interactions or lack of them with the facilities where they donated. Implications for recruiting facilities need to be considered.展开更多
The proliferative response of T-cells to autolo-gous non-T-cells is referred to as the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). Recent studies have suggested that AMLR represents a mechanism of immune regulation i...The proliferative response of T-cells to autolo-gous non-T-cells is referred to as the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). Recent studies have suggested that AMLR represents a mechanism of immune regulation in vivo. We investigated AMLR in patients with acute- and chronic myeloid leukemia (AML and CML). AMLR was found to be significantly depressed (P<0.001) in AML patients (n=17, cpm=532±95) and CML patients (n=13, cpm=688±99) when compared with that of their healthy HLA-identical siblings serving as controls (n=17, cpm=4152±619 and n=13 cpm=4086±421, respectively). In order to understand the cellular basis of the defective AMLR in patients with AML end CML, we performed mitogen-treated T-cell cultures analysis of T-cell subsets and HLA-Ⅱ antigen detection on monocytes. The results indicated that the defect of AMLR in patients resided at the stimulator monocyte level rather than at the responder T-cell level. Enumeration of monocytes reactive with monoclonal antibody Tu22, which recognizes determinants of HLA-DQ, demonstrated that ML patients had a significantly decreased (P<0.091) number of circulating Tu22+ monocytes when compared with normal controls. These studies suggest that a deficiency of HLA-DQ+ monocytes contributes to the depression of AMLR in ML and possibly underlies the abnormalities of immune response present in this disease.展开更多
文摘164 previous sperm donors completed an online survey regarding health and genetic experiences and views. Results highlight that donors desire to act responsibly with recruiting facilities is not always possible. Objective: Obtaining the views and experiences of sperm donors regarding health and genetic matters. Design: Online survey. Setting: Not applicable. Participants: 164 previous sperm donors. Interventions: Not applicable. Main outcome measures: Views and experiences on health and genetic issues. Results: A variety of approaches are adopted by recruiting facilities in regard to selection and post-donation factors. The vast majority of donors said they had not been contacted by the facility they donated at to update their medical information, while almost one quarter of donors indicated that a health or genetic risk factor had occurred. A great majority of donors felt that they had not received any education or counselling on the potential curiosities of donor conceived people. Donors sought to be honest and open with staff but often found there were difficulties in doing so. Conclusions: Overall, donors indicate that they see donating as involving responsibilities to the offspring and families. The study highlights however that their ability to act responsibly is limited by some of the interactions or lack of them with the facilities where they donated. Implications for recruiting facilities need to be considered.
文摘The proliferative response of T-cells to autolo-gous non-T-cells is referred to as the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). Recent studies have suggested that AMLR represents a mechanism of immune regulation in vivo. We investigated AMLR in patients with acute- and chronic myeloid leukemia (AML and CML). AMLR was found to be significantly depressed (P<0.001) in AML patients (n=17, cpm=532±95) and CML patients (n=13, cpm=688±99) when compared with that of their healthy HLA-identical siblings serving as controls (n=17, cpm=4152±619 and n=13 cpm=4086±421, respectively). In order to understand the cellular basis of the defective AMLR in patients with AML end CML, we performed mitogen-treated T-cell cultures analysis of T-cell subsets and HLA-Ⅱ antigen detection on monocytes. The results indicated that the defect of AMLR in patients resided at the stimulator monocyte level rather than at the responder T-cell level. Enumeration of monocytes reactive with monoclonal antibody Tu22, which recognizes determinants of HLA-DQ, demonstrated that ML patients had a significantly decreased (P<0.091) number of circulating Tu22+ monocytes when compared with normal controls. These studies suggest that a deficiency of HLA-DQ+ monocytes contributes to the depression of AMLR in ML and possibly underlies the abnormalities of immune response present in this disease.
