<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Satellite imagery is used for many activities in different areas of the planet, including searching for alternative and sustainabl...<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Satellite imagery is used for many activities in different areas of the planet, including searching for alternative and sustainable sources to meet growing energy demand to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One way to minimize these effects and expand energy parks is to encourage local generation through the use of renewable sources, such as solar energy, which is free and affordable in many regions of the planet, but that in Brazil is not yet a reality. In order to make an assertive decision when installing a solar power system, one needs to use tools that involve remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS), and compile information and variables that are relevant to the subject of solar power generation and take into account the inherent geographic space. In this context, the main objective of this work is to develop a GIS model to identify areas with solar potential on a regional scale using active remote sensor images and previously available solar models. To validate the model, this study used an area on the island part of the city of Florianópolis in Santa Catarina State</span></span></span></a><span><span><span style="font-family:'Minion Pro Capt','serif';"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">—</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Brazil, which suffers from repeated climatic events which cause long power cuts, as its distribution occurs by air all over the island. Through the “solar analist” function of ArcGIS and the matrix bases derived from the Digital Model of the Space Shuttle Topography Mission (SRTM) with 30 m of spatial resolution and the supervised classification of panthromatic and multispectral images fused from LandSat 8 satellite, were generates indicative maps of the areas with solar potential. The results pointed to a high solar potential in the all year and that could be better explored by public managers and also by individual consumers.</span></span></span></span> </p>展开更多
Advances in wearable electronics and information technology drive sports data collection and analysis toward real-time visualization and precision. The growing pursuit of athleticism and healthy life makes it appealin...Advances in wearable electronics and information technology drive sports data collection and analysis toward real-time visualization and precision. The growing pursuit of athleticism and healthy life makes it appealing for individuals to track their real-time health and exercise data seamlessly. While numerous devices enable sports and health monitoring, maintaining comfort over long periods remains a considerable challenge, especially in high-intensity and sweaty sports scenarios. Textiles, with their breathability, deformability, and moisture-wicking abilities, ensure exceptional comfort during prolonged wear, making them ideal for wearable platforms. This review summarized the progress of research on textile-based sports monitoring devices. First, the design principles and fabrication methods of smart textiles were introduced systematically. Textiles undergo a distinctive fiber-yarn-fabric or fiber-fabric manufacturing process that allows for the regulation of performance and the integration of functional elements at every step. Then, the performance requirements for precise sports data collection of smart textiles, including main vital signs, joint movement, and data transmission, were discussed. Lastly, the applications of smart textiles in various sports scenarios are demonstrated. Additionally, the review provides an in-depth analysis of the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for the research and development of sports-oriented smart textiles. Smart textiles not only maintain comfort and accuracy in sports, but also serve as inexpensive and efficient information-gathering terminals. Therefore, developing multifunctional, cost-effective textile-based systems for personalized sports and healthcare is a pressing need for the future of intelligent sports.展开更多
Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow f...Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow for sarcomerogenesis are not fully understood.In some diseases,such as cerebral palsy in children,sarcomerogenesis appears to be inhibited or at least reduced,1,2 often causing severe restrictions in muscle and joint function.展开更多
This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study...This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study empirically examines the effect of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.We integrate the“1+N”policy framework under China’s dual-carbon goals of peaking emssions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060,and propose a dual governance framework.The results show that managerial shortsightedness significantly contributes to urban carbon emissions,and this effect is particularly pronounced in cities with higher levels of carbon emissions and in first-and second-tier central cities.The mediating effect analysis indicate that managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting corporate green technological innovation.The moderating effect analysis shows that public media attention and government environmental regulation effectively mitigate the adverse impact of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.Theoretically,this study reveals the mechanism by which managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting green technology innovation and emphasizes the key roles of public media attention and government environmental regulation in mitigating this negative effect.This study provides important implications for policy rationale,especially for developing countries,for promoting green innovation and strengthening environmental governance to reduce carbon emissions.展开更多
The interpretation and application of CPT(cone penetration test)results is characterized by considerable variability of data,either in measured or correlated parameters.According to the requirements of Eurocode 7 the ...The interpretation and application of CPT(cone penetration test)results is characterized by considerable variability of data,either in measured or correlated parameters.According to the requirements of Eurocode 7 the existing variability in soil properties has to be taken into account statistically during the determination of the characteristic values of each parameter.This should be done by selecting a cautious estimate of the value affecting the limit state.Obtaining the characteristic values of CPT measurements is not an easy task and on this aspect nor clear neither unified guidelines exist.This paper focuses in several approaches to characterize the cone resistance and the sleeve friction using simple statistical analysis,in order for these parameters to be applicable in design.Similar procedures are then applied to determine the characteristic values of correlated parameters from CPT such as the effective friction angle for sands and the undrained shear strength for clays.The resulting characteristic values of the considered parameters emphasize the fact that the prediction and the interpretation of characteristic values of soil properties is a complicated and biased procedure.展开更多
Introduction:Diabetes mellitus(DM),a metabolic disorder,leads to organ damage due to chronic hyperglycemia with multiple pathogenic processes.Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)poses risks to mothers and offspring,incr...Introduction:Diabetes mellitus(DM),a metabolic disorder,leads to organ damage due to chronic hyperglycemia with multiple pathogenic processes.Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)poses risks to mothers and offspring,increasing the incidence of structural congenital heart disease(CHD)and myocardial hypertrophy in newborns.Objective:This review aimed to examine the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and CHD.Methods:This systematic review used the STROBE and TRIPOD checklists registered in PROSPERO(CRD42024513858).It focused on diagnostic test accuracy using the Munn et al.protocol for systematic assessment,emphasizing the“PIRD”:Population,Index Test,Reference Test,Diagnosis of Interest.This review aimed the following PIRD model question:‘Does diabetic pregnant woman inffuence in fetal cardiac malformation?’using PRISMA 2020 statement.A systematic review was conducted on 19 October 2023 in the following databases:PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase(Elsevier),CINAHL(EBSCO),Scopus(Elsevier),Web of Science(Clarivate Analytics),LILACS,and SciELO.Only articles in English,Spanish,and Portuguese languages were selected.Results:Seven studies between 2018 and 2023 were selected.The studies differed in terms of the cardiac ultrasound parameters used to assess CHD and diagnose diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.They highlight the importance of fetal echocardiography in detecting CHD prenatally and assessing the impact of diabetes mellitus on fetal cardiac health,recommending proactive care planning and early intervention for better outcomes.Conclusions:The studies highlight the impact of maternal diabetes mellitus,particularly GDM,on fetal cardiac development and support early detection by fetal echocardiography.Standardization and collaboration are essential to reffne management and outcomes in high-risk pregnancies.展开更多
Investors are always willing to receive more data.This has become especially true for the application of modern portfolio theory to the institutional asset allocation process,which requires quantitative estimates of r...Investors are always willing to receive more data.This has become especially true for the application of modern portfolio theory to the institutional asset allocation process,which requires quantitative estimates of risk and return.When long-term data series are unavailable for analysis,it has become common practice to use recent data only.The danger is that these data may not be representative of future performance.Although longer data series are of poorer quality,are difficult to obtain,and may reflect various political and economic regimes,they often paint a very different picture of emerging market performance.This paper presents an application of a stochastic non-linear optimization model of portfolios including transaction costs in the Brazilian financial market.In order to have that,portfolio theory and optimal control were used as theoretical basis.The first strategy tries to allocate the whole available wealth,not considering the risk associated to portfolio(deterministic result).In this case the investor obtained profits of 7.23%a month,taking into account the three risk aversion levels during the whole planning period.On the contrary,the results from the stochastic algorithm obtain profits of 1.34%a month and 18.06%a year,if the investor has low risk aversion.The profits would be 0.88%a month and 11.02%a year for a medium risk aversion investor.And with high risk aversion,the investor obtains 0.62%a month and 7.68%a year.展开更多
This paper proposes an extension of the Modified-Plant ADRC(MP-ADRC)strategy to broaden its application to minimum phase dynamical systems.The main features of the MP-ADRC method are the inclusion of a constant gain i...This paper proposes an extension of the Modified-Plant ADRC(MP-ADRC)strategy to broaden its application to minimum phase dynamical systems.The main features of the MP-ADRC method are the inclusion of a constant gain in series with the plant output error and a linear filter in parallel with the overall error system.These structural changes do not influence the input/output dynamics of the original plant,but are intentionally introduced to modify the dynamics to be estimated by the extended state observer(ESO)and,thus,promote an increase in the robustness of the method.Some advantages can also be attributed to the proposed methodology,such as(i)the design procedures of both the controller and the ESO only require knowledge of the sign(±)of the plant input channel coefficient(or control gain);(ii)the plant control input is generated directly by a single ESO state variable.Despite the advantages and the characteristics of MP-ADRC mentioned earlier,closed-loop stability cannot be guaranteed when it is applied to dynamical systems that have finite zeros.To overcome this difficulty,this work introduces an extension in the MP-ADRC method.It basically consists of rewriting the minimum phase plant dynamics according to its relative order,and then follows with the design of the ESO by conveniently increasing the number of ESO state variables.The simulation results are also presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method.展开更多
In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the ...In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the presence of possible nonidentical and unknown direction faults(NUDFs) in the yaw channel.The control strategy begins with the design of a pre-specified performance event-triggered observer for each individual UAV.These observers estimate the outputs of the human controlled UAVs, and simultaneously achieve the distributed design of actual control signals as well as cluster consensus of the observer output.It is worth mentioning that these observers require neither the high-order derivatives of the human controlled UAVs' output nor a priori knowledge of the initial conditions. The fault-tolerant controller realizes the pre-specified performance output regulation through error transformation and the Nussbaum function. It should be pointed out that there are no chattering caused by the jump of the Nussbaum function when a reverse fault occurs. In addition, to provide a basis for further solving the problem of physical malfunctions, a fault direction identification algorithm is proposed to accurately identify whether a reverse fault has occurred. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control and fault direction identification strategies when the reverse faults occur.展开更多
The research explores the long-term connection between Greece’s agricultural output,with a focus on both crop and livestock production,and crucial environmental factors like water usage and energy consumption.Through...The research explores the long-term connection between Greece’s agricultural output,with a focus on both crop and livestock production,and crucial environmental factors like water usage and energy consumption.Through linear regression analysis,the study investigates how these factors affect agricultural value-added,providing insights into the sustainability and efficiency of Greece’s farming sector.The results show a significant(p<0.05)positive relationship between crop production and agricultural value-added,as well as the significant influence of water usage and energy consumption on the productivity of both crops and livestock.For livestock farming,the analysis revealed a weaker contribution to agricultural value-added at the national level,likely due to structural inefficiencies in the sector.While livestock production benefits significantly from water and energy inputs,it does not have as substantial an economic impact compared to crop production.This research contributes to the field of agricultural economics by offering a historical perspective on how resource management influences agricultural performance over time.It highlights the significance of sustainable practices,especially in areas like the periphery of Western Macedonia,which are shifting from conventional energy sources like lignite to renewable energy.The findings advocate for policies that promote water conservation,energy efficiency,and smart agriculture to enhance productivity and support regional development.展开更多
Supramolecular materials that combine toughness,transparency,self-healing,and environmental stability are crucial for advanced applications,such as flexible electronics,wearable devices,and protective coatings.However...Supramolecular materials that combine toughness,transparency,self-healing,and environmental stability are crucial for advanced applications,such as flexible electronics,wearable devices,and protective coatings.However,integrating these properties into a single system remains challenging because of the inherent trade-offs between the mechanical strength,elasticity,and structural reconfigurability.Herein,we report a supramolecular ionogel designed via a simple one-step polymerization strategy that combines hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions in a physically crosslinked network.This dual-interaction architecture enables the ionogel to achieve high tensile strength(9 MPa),remarkable fracture toughness(23.6 MJ·m^(−3)),and rapid self-healing under mild thermal stimulation.The material remains highly transparent and demonstrates excellent resistance to moisture,acid,and salt environments,with minimal swelling and performance degradation.Furthermore,it effectively dissipates over 80 MJ·m^(−3) of energy during high-speed impacts,providing reliable protection to fragile substrates.This study offers a broadly applicable molecular design framework for resilient and adaptive soft materials.展开更多
The fading factor exerts a significant role in the strong tracking idea. However, traditional fading factor introduction method hinders the accuracy and robustness advantages of current strong-tracking-based nonlinear...The fading factor exerts a significant role in the strong tracking idea. However, traditional fading factor introduction method hinders the accuracy and robustness advantages of current strong-tracking-based nonlinear filtering algorithms such as Cubature Kalman Filter(CKF) since traditional fading factor introduction method only considers the first-order Taylor expansion. To this end, a new fading factor idea is suggested and introduced into the strong tracking CKF method.The new fading factor introduction method expanded the number of fading factors from one to two with reselected introduction positions. The relationship between the two fading factors as well as the general calculation method can be derived based on Taylor expansion. Obvious superiority of the newly suggested fading factor introduction method is demonstrated according to different nonlinearity of the measurement function. Equivalent calculation method can also be established while applied to CKF. Theoretical analysis shows that the strong tracking CKF can extract the thirdorder term information from the residual and thus realize second-order accuracy. After optimizing the strong tracking algorithm process, a Fast Strong Tracking CKF(FSTCKF) is finally established. Two simulation examples show that the novel FSTCKF improves the robustness of traditional CKF while minimizing the algorithm time complexity under various conditions.展开更多
A case of Qinghuayuan tunnel excavation below the existing Beijing Subway Line 10 is presented.The new Qinghuayuan tunnel,part of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway,was excavated by a shield machine with an ou...A case of Qinghuayuan tunnel excavation below the existing Beijing Subway Line 10 is presented.The new Qinghuayuan tunnel,part of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway,was excavated by a shield machine with an outer diameter of 12.2 m.The existing subway was excavated by shallow tunnelling method.The project layout,geological conditions,reinforcement measures,operational parameters of shield machine and monitoring results of the project are introduced.During the Qinghuayuan tunnel excavation below the existing subway,total thrust,shield driving speed,cutterhead rotation speed and torque were manually controlled below the average values obtained from the previous monitoring of this project,which could effectively reduce the disturbance of the surrounding soil induced by shield excavation.The Gaussian fitting function can appropriately fit both the ground and the existing subway settlements.The trough width is influenced not only by the excavation overburden depth,but also by the forepoling reinforcement and tail void grouting measures.展开更多
Water electrolysis has been considered as a sustainable way for producing renewable energy of hydrogen.However,this process requires a low-cost and high-efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst to improve th...Water electrolysis has been considered as a sustainable way for producing renewable energy of hydrogen.However,this process requires a low-cost and high-efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst to improve the overall reaction efficiency.Molybdenum(Mo)-based electrocatalysts are regarded as the promising candidates to replace the benchmark but expensive Ptbased HER catalysts,due to their high activity and stability in a wide pH range.In this review,we present a comprehensive and critical summary on the recent progress in the Mo-based electrodes for HER,including molybdenum alloys,molybdenum sulfides,molybdenum selenides,molybdenum carbides,molybdenum phosphides,molybdenum borides,molybdenum nitrides,and molybdenum oxides.Particular attention is mainly focused on the synthetic methods of Mo-based materials,the strategies for increasing the catalytic activity,and the relationship between structure/composition and electrocatalytic performance.Finally,the future development and perspectives of Mo-based electrocatalysts toward high HER performance are proposed.展开更多
Assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is considered a relevant part of patient care and key for decision making.Although liver biopsy has been considered the gold standard for staging...Assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is considered a relevant part of patient care and key for decision making.Although liver biopsy has been considered the gold standard for staging liver fibrosis,it is an invasive technique and subject to sampling errors and significant intra-and inter-observer variability.Over the last decade,several noninvasive markers were proposed for liver fibrosis diagnosis in chronic HCV infection,with variable performance.Besides the clear advantage of being noninvasive,a more objective interpretation of test results may overcome the mentioned intra-and inter-observer variability of liver biopsy.In addition,these tests can theoretically offer a more accurate view of fibrogenic events occurring in the entire liver with the advantage of providing frequent fibrosis evaluation without additional risk.However,in general,these tests show low accuracy in discriminating between intermediate stages of fibrosis and may be influenced by several hepatic and extrahepatic conditions.These methods are either serum markers(usually combined in a mathematical model)or imaging modalities that can be used separately or combined in algorithms to improve accuracy.In this review we will discuss the different noninvasive methods that are currently available for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C,their advantages,limitations and application in clinical practice.展开更多
Rice bran is a solid residue from rice polishing that is used in animal nutrition and rice oil production. Cultivation conditions with agro-toxics, lipids instability, and tendency for mycotoxin contamination restrict...Rice bran is a solid residue from rice polishing that is used in animal nutrition and rice oil production. Cultivation conditions with agro-toxics, lipids instability, and tendency for mycotoxin contamination restrict its application in human nutrition. Therefore, organic agriculture is an alternative to use the properties of rice bran. Rice bran beverage is a new cereal product from organic rice. This work presents the preliminary results of the chemical and rheological studies of a bath pasteurized rice bran beverage. Compared with integral defatted milk, soy extracts, and brown rice low-fat milk, the rice bran beverage studied in this work presents itself as an important source of minerals and unsaturated lipids. All essential amino acids were found in this product. Glutamic and aspartic acids were predominant. Bath pasteurization at boiling water temperature for 15 and 30 min was adequate for microbiological safety. Refrigeration storage for 20 days, evaluated by pH and acidity variations, was ideal for assessment of the beverage conservation time. The beverage viscosity was of the Newtonian standard behavior, and its viscosity during storage was not a good parameter to evaluate shelf life. Sensory preference tests showed positive perspectives for this new beverage.展开更多
Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine(VCE)can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance.However,this improvement increases the complex...Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine(VCE)can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance.However,this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule.In order to resolve this problem,the Transient-state Reverse Method(TRM)is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method(SRM)and the Virtual Power Extraction Method(VPEM).The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE.Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects,including the accuracy and the convergence rate.The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE.Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model.On the other hand,it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45%and 54%,respectively.Meanwhile,the surge margin of compressors,fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria.It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.展开更多
Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been deve...Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically.Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy.By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk,the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream,based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure.As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss(MIL)propeller at a specified thrust level,significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved,which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.展开更多
Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)(PBO)fibers possess excellent dielectric,mechanical properties and heat resistance.However,the surface of PBO fibers is smooth and highly chemical inert,resulting in poor interfaci...Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)(PBO)fibers possess excellent dielectric,mechanical properties and heat resistance.However,the surface of PBO fibers is smooth and highly chemical inert,resulting in poor interfacial compatibility to polymer matrix,which severely limits its wider application in high-performance fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites.In this work,random copolymers(P(S-co-BCB-co-MMA))containing benzocyclobutene in the side-chain were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization,which were then utilized to form dense random copolymer membrane on the surface of PBO fibers by thermally cross-linking at 250°C(PBO@P fibers).Four kinds of synthesized P(S-co-BCB-co-MMA)with different number-average molar mass(Mn)were well controlled and possessed narrow dispersity.When the Mnwas 32300,the surface roughness of PBO@P fibers was increased from 11 nm(PBO fibers)to 39 nm.In addition,PBO@P fibers presented the optimal interfacial compatibility with bisphenol A cyanate(BADCy)resins.And the single fiber pull-out strength of PBO@P fibers/BADCy micro-composites was 4.5 MPa,increasing by 45.2%in comparison with that of PBO fibers/BADCy micro-composites(3.1 MPa).Meantime,PBO@P fibers still retained excellent tensile strength(about 5.1 GPa).Overall,this work illustrates a simple and efficient surface functionalization method,which would provide a strong theoretical basis and technical support for controlling the surface structure&chemistry of inert substrates.展开更多
文摘<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Satellite imagery is used for many activities in different areas of the planet, including searching for alternative and sustainable sources to meet growing energy demand to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One way to minimize these effects and expand energy parks is to encourage local generation through the use of renewable sources, such as solar energy, which is free and affordable in many regions of the planet, but that in Brazil is not yet a reality. In order to make an assertive decision when installing a solar power system, one needs to use tools that involve remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS), and compile information and variables that are relevant to the subject of solar power generation and take into account the inherent geographic space. In this context, the main objective of this work is to develop a GIS model to identify areas with solar potential on a regional scale using active remote sensor images and previously available solar models. To validate the model, this study used an area on the island part of the city of Florianópolis in Santa Catarina State</span></span></span></a><span><span><span style="font-family:'Minion Pro Capt','serif';"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">—</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Brazil, which suffers from repeated climatic events which cause long power cuts, as its distribution occurs by air all over the island. Through the “solar analist” function of ArcGIS and the matrix bases derived from the Digital Model of the Space Shuttle Topography Mission (SRTM) with 30 m of spatial resolution and the supervised classification of panthromatic and multispectral images fused from LandSat 8 satellite, were generates indicative maps of the areas with solar potential. The results pointed to a high solar potential in the all year and that could be better explored by public managers and also by individual consumers.</span></span></span></span> </p>
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52073051, 52373054)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2232022A-04, 24D110109/005, 2232024G-06-01)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (23ZR1400900)Shanghai Frontier Science Research Center for Modern Textiles。
文摘Advances in wearable electronics and information technology drive sports data collection and analysis toward real-time visualization and precision. The growing pursuit of athleticism and healthy life makes it appealing for individuals to track their real-time health and exercise data seamlessly. While numerous devices enable sports and health monitoring, maintaining comfort over long periods remains a considerable challenge, especially in high-intensity and sweaty sports scenarios. Textiles, with their breathability, deformability, and moisture-wicking abilities, ensure exceptional comfort during prolonged wear, making them ideal for wearable platforms. This review summarized the progress of research on textile-based sports monitoring devices. First, the design principles and fabrication methods of smart textiles were introduced systematically. Textiles undergo a distinctive fiber-yarn-fabric or fiber-fabric manufacturing process that allows for the regulation of performance and the integration of functional elements at every step. Then, the performance requirements for precise sports data collection of smart textiles, including main vital signs, joint movement, and data transmission, were discussed. Lastly, the applications of smart textiles in various sports scenarios are demonstrated. Additionally, the review provides an in-depth analysis of the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for the research and development of sports-oriented smart textiles. Smart textiles not only maintain comfort and accuracy in sports, but also serve as inexpensive and efficient information-gathering terminals. Therefore, developing multifunctional, cost-effective textile-based systems for personalized sports and healthcare is a pressing need for the future of intelligent sports.
文摘Sarcomerogenesis,the addition of serial sarcomeres in skeletal muscle myofibrils and fibres,is a natural occurrence during growth and maturation of animals,including humans.However,the detailed mechanisms that allow for sarcomerogenesis are not fully understood.In some diseases,such as cerebral palsy in children,sarcomerogenesis appears to be inhibited or at least reduced,1,2 often causing severe restrictions in muscle and joint function.
基金supported by the Project of the Ministry of Education Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund[Grant No.24YJC 790245].
文摘This study explores the externalities caused by managerial myopia from the perspective of carbon emissions in urban areas.Using panel data from 194 Chinese cities and 1286 listed companies from 2012 to 2021,this study empirically examines the effect of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.We integrate the“1+N”policy framework under China’s dual-carbon goals of peaking emssions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060,and propose a dual governance framework.The results show that managerial shortsightedness significantly contributes to urban carbon emissions,and this effect is particularly pronounced in cities with higher levels of carbon emissions and in first-and second-tier central cities.The mediating effect analysis indicate that managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting corporate green technological innovation.The moderating effect analysis shows that public media attention and government environmental regulation effectively mitigate the adverse impact of managerial myopia on urban carbon emissions.Theoretically,this study reveals the mechanism by which managerial shortsightedness increases urban carbon emissions by inhibiting green technology innovation and emphasizes the key roles of public media attention and government environmental regulation in mitigating this negative effect.This study provides important implications for policy rationale,especially for developing countries,for promoting green innovation and strengthening environmental governance to reduce carbon emissions.
文摘The interpretation and application of CPT(cone penetration test)results is characterized by considerable variability of data,either in measured or correlated parameters.According to the requirements of Eurocode 7 the existing variability in soil properties has to be taken into account statistically during the determination of the characteristic values of each parameter.This should be done by selecting a cautious estimate of the value affecting the limit state.Obtaining the characteristic values of CPT measurements is not an easy task and on this aspect nor clear neither unified guidelines exist.This paper focuses in several approaches to characterize the cone resistance and the sleeve friction using simple statistical analysis,in order for these parameters to be applicable in design.Similar procedures are then applied to determine the characteristic values of correlated parameters from CPT such as the effective friction angle for sands and the undrained shear strength for clays.The resulting characteristic values of the considered parameters emphasize the fact that the prediction and the interpretation of characteristic values of soil properties is a complicated and biased procedure.
文摘Introduction:Diabetes mellitus(DM),a metabolic disorder,leads to organ damage due to chronic hyperglycemia with multiple pathogenic processes.Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)poses risks to mothers and offspring,increasing the incidence of structural congenital heart disease(CHD)and myocardial hypertrophy in newborns.Objective:This review aimed to examine the association between maternal diabetes mellitus and CHD.Methods:This systematic review used the STROBE and TRIPOD checklists registered in PROSPERO(CRD42024513858).It focused on diagnostic test accuracy using the Munn et al.protocol for systematic assessment,emphasizing the“PIRD”:Population,Index Test,Reference Test,Diagnosis of Interest.This review aimed the following PIRD model question:‘Does diabetic pregnant woman inffuence in fetal cardiac malformation?’using PRISMA 2020 statement.A systematic review was conducted on 19 October 2023 in the following databases:PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase(Elsevier),CINAHL(EBSCO),Scopus(Elsevier),Web of Science(Clarivate Analytics),LILACS,and SciELO.Only articles in English,Spanish,and Portuguese languages were selected.Results:Seven studies between 2018 and 2023 were selected.The studies differed in terms of the cardiac ultrasound parameters used to assess CHD and diagnose diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.They highlight the importance of fetal echocardiography in detecting CHD prenatally and assessing the impact of diabetes mellitus on fetal cardiac health,recommending proactive care planning and early intervention for better outcomes.Conclusions:The studies highlight the impact of maternal diabetes mellitus,particularly GDM,on fetal cardiac development and support early detection by fetal echocardiography.Standardization and collaboration are essential to reffne management and outcomes in high-risk pregnancies.
文摘Investors are always willing to receive more data.This has become especially true for the application of modern portfolio theory to the institutional asset allocation process,which requires quantitative estimates of risk and return.When long-term data series are unavailable for analysis,it has become common practice to use recent data only.The danger is that these data may not be representative of future performance.Although longer data series are of poorer quality,are difficult to obtain,and may reflect various political and economic regimes,they often paint a very different picture of emerging market performance.This paper presents an application of a stochastic non-linear optimization model of portfolios including transaction costs in the Brazilian financial market.In order to have that,portfolio theory and optimal control were used as theoretical basis.The first strategy tries to allocate the whole available wealth,not considering the risk associated to portfolio(deterministic result).In this case the investor obtained profits of 7.23%a month,taking into account the three risk aversion levels during the whole planning period.On the contrary,the results from the stochastic algorithm obtain profits of 1.34%a month and 18.06%a year,if the investor has low risk aversion.The profits would be 0.88%a month and 11.02%a year for a medium risk aversion investor.And with high risk aversion,the investor obtains 0.62%a month and 7.68%a year.
基金supported in part by the Brazilian research agencies CNPq and CAPESby the Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro,FAPERJ-Brasil(Project E-26/210.425/2024).
文摘This paper proposes an extension of the Modified-Plant ADRC(MP-ADRC)strategy to broaden its application to minimum phase dynamical systems.The main features of the MP-ADRC method are the inclusion of a constant gain in series with the plant output error and a linear filter in parallel with the overall error system.These structural changes do not influence the input/output dynamics of the original plant,but are intentionally introduced to modify the dynamics to be estimated by the extended state observer(ESO)and,thus,promote an increase in the robustness of the method.Some advantages can also be attributed to the proposed methodology,such as(i)the design procedures of both the controller and the ESO only require knowledge of the sign(±)of the plant input channel coefficient(or control gain);(ii)the plant control input is generated directly by a single ESO state variable.Despite the advantages and the characteristics of MP-ADRC mentioned earlier,closed-loop stability cannot be guaranteed when it is applied to dynamical systems that have finite zeros.To overcome this difficulty,this work introduces an extension in the MP-ADRC method.It basically consists of rewriting the minimum phase plant dynamics according to its relative order,and then follows with the design of the ESO by conveniently increasing the number of ESO state variables.The simulation results are also presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173028,62233015,62173024)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515011493)+3 种基金the Science,Technology&Innovation Project of Xiongan New Area(2023XAGG0062)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(4232060)the International Scientists Project,Beijing Natural Science Foundation(IS23065)the Brazilian Research Council(303289/2022-8)
文摘In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the presence of possible nonidentical and unknown direction faults(NUDFs) in the yaw channel.The control strategy begins with the design of a pre-specified performance event-triggered observer for each individual UAV.These observers estimate the outputs of the human controlled UAVs, and simultaneously achieve the distributed design of actual control signals as well as cluster consensus of the observer output.It is worth mentioning that these observers require neither the high-order derivatives of the human controlled UAVs' output nor a priori knowledge of the initial conditions. The fault-tolerant controller realizes the pre-specified performance output regulation through error transformation and the Nussbaum function. It should be pointed out that there are no chattering caused by the jump of the Nussbaum function when a reverse fault occurs. In addition, to provide a basis for further solving the problem of physical malfunctions, a fault direction identification algorithm is proposed to accurately identify whether a reverse fault has occurred. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control and fault direction identification strategies when the reverse faults occur.
文摘The research explores the long-term connection between Greece’s agricultural output,with a focus on both crop and livestock production,and crucial environmental factors like water usage and energy consumption.Through linear regression analysis,the study investigates how these factors affect agricultural value-added,providing insights into the sustainability and efficiency of Greece’s farming sector.The results show a significant(p<0.05)positive relationship between crop production and agricultural value-added,as well as the significant influence of water usage and energy consumption on the productivity of both crops and livestock.For livestock farming,the analysis revealed a weaker contribution to agricultural value-added at the national level,likely due to structural inefficiencies in the sector.While livestock production benefits significantly from water and energy inputs,it does not have as substantial an economic impact compared to crop production.This research contributes to the field of agricultural economics by offering a historical perspective on how resource management influences agricultural performance over time.It highlights the significance of sustainable practices,especially in areas like the periphery of Western Macedonia,which are shifting from conventional energy sources like lignite to renewable energy.The findings advocate for policies that promote water conservation,energy efficiency,and smart agriculture to enhance productivity and support regional development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.T2222019 and T2225016)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFA0919300)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.020414380232 and 021414380534).
文摘Supramolecular materials that combine toughness,transparency,self-healing,and environmental stability are crucial for advanced applications,such as flexible electronics,wearable devices,and protective coatings.However,integrating these properties into a single system remains challenging because of the inherent trade-offs between the mechanical strength,elasticity,and structural reconfigurability.Herein,we report a supramolecular ionogel designed via a simple one-step polymerization strategy that combines hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions in a physically crosslinked network.This dual-interaction architecture enables the ionogel to achieve high tensile strength(9 MPa),remarkable fracture toughness(23.6 MJ·m^(−3)),and rapid self-healing under mild thermal stimulation.The material remains highly transparent and demonstrates excellent resistance to moisture,acid,and salt environments,with minimal swelling and performance degradation.Furthermore,it effectively dissipates over 80 MJ·m^(−3) of energy during high-speed impacts,providing reliable protection to fragile substrates.This study offers a broadly applicable molecular design framework for resilient and adaptive soft materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61573283)
文摘The fading factor exerts a significant role in the strong tracking idea. However, traditional fading factor introduction method hinders the accuracy and robustness advantages of current strong-tracking-based nonlinear filtering algorithms such as Cubature Kalman Filter(CKF) since traditional fading factor introduction method only considers the first-order Taylor expansion. To this end, a new fading factor idea is suggested and introduced into the strong tracking CKF method.The new fading factor introduction method expanded the number of fading factors from one to two with reselected introduction positions. The relationship between the two fading factors as well as the general calculation method can be derived based on Taylor expansion. Obvious superiority of the newly suggested fading factor introduction method is demonstrated according to different nonlinearity of the measurement function. Equivalent calculation method can also be established while applied to CKF. Theoretical analysis shows that the strong tracking CKF can extract the thirdorder term information from the residual and thus realize second-order accuracy. After optimizing the strong tracking algorithm process, a Fast Strong Tracking CKF(FSTCKF) is finally established. Two simulation examples show that the novel FSTCKF improves the robustness of traditional CKF while minimizing the algorithm time complexity under various conditions.
基金Project(U1934210)supported by the Key Project of High-speed Rail Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(8202037)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,China。
文摘A case of Qinghuayuan tunnel excavation below the existing Beijing Subway Line 10 is presented.The new Qinghuayuan tunnel,part of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou High-speed Railway,was excavated by a shield machine with an outer diameter of 12.2 m.The existing subway was excavated by shallow tunnelling method.The project layout,geological conditions,reinforcement measures,operational parameters of shield machine and monitoring results of the project are introduced.During the Qinghuayuan tunnel excavation below the existing subway,total thrust,shield driving speed,cutterhead rotation speed and torque were manually controlled below the average values obtained from the previous monitoring of this project,which could effectively reduce the disturbance of the surrounding soil induced by shield excavation.The Gaussian fitting function can appropriately fit both the ground and the existing subway settlements.The trough width is influenced not only by the excavation overburden depth,but also by the forepoling reinforcement and tail void grouting measures.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772249 and 51821091)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.G2017KY0308 and 3102019JC005)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2018JM5092 and 2019JLM-26)the Innovation Program for Talent(No.2019KJXX066)the Post-doctoral Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2018BSHTDZZ16)
文摘Water electrolysis has been considered as a sustainable way for producing renewable energy of hydrogen.However,this process requires a low-cost and high-efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst to improve the overall reaction efficiency.Molybdenum(Mo)-based electrocatalysts are regarded as the promising candidates to replace the benchmark but expensive Ptbased HER catalysts,due to their high activity and stability in a wide pH range.In this review,we present a comprehensive and critical summary on the recent progress in the Mo-based electrodes for HER,including molybdenum alloys,molybdenum sulfides,molybdenum selenides,molybdenum carbides,molybdenum phosphides,molybdenum borides,molybdenum nitrides,and molybdenum oxides.Particular attention is mainly focused on the synthetic methods of Mo-based materials,the strategies for increasing the catalytic activity,and the relationship between structure/composition and electrocatalytic performance.Finally,the future development and perspectives of Mo-based electrocatalysts toward high HER performance are proposed.
文摘Assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is considered a relevant part of patient care and key for decision making.Although liver biopsy has been considered the gold standard for staging liver fibrosis,it is an invasive technique and subject to sampling errors and significant intra-and inter-observer variability.Over the last decade,several noninvasive markers were proposed for liver fibrosis diagnosis in chronic HCV infection,with variable performance.Besides the clear advantage of being noninvasive,a more objective interpretation of test results may overcome the mentioned intra-and inter-observer variability of liver biopsy.In addition,these tests can theoretically offer a more accurate view of fibrogenic events occurring in the entire liver with the advantage of providing frequent fibrosis evaluation without additional risk.However,in general,these tests show low accuracy in discriminating between intermediate stages of fibrosis and may be influenced by several hepatic and extrahepatic conditions.These methods are either serum markers(usually combined in a mathematical model)or imaging modalities that can be used separately or combined in algorithms to improve accuracy.In this review we will discuss the different noninvasive methods that are currently available for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C,their advantages,limitations and application in clinical practice.
文摘Rice bran is a solid residue from rice polishing that is used in animal nutrition and rice oil production. Cultivation conditions with agro-toxics, lipids instability, and tendency for mycotoxin contamination restrict its application in human nutrition. Therefore, organic agriculture is an alternative to use the properties of rice bran. Rice bran beverage is a new cereal product from organic rice. This work presents the preliminary results of the chemical and rheological studies of a bath pasteurized rice bran beverage. Compared with integral defatted milk, soy extracts, and brown rice low-fat milk, the rice bran beverage studied in this work presents itself as an important source of minerals and unsaturated lipids. All essential amino acids were found in this product. Glutamic and aspartic acids were predominant. Bath pasteurization at boiling water temperature for 15 and 30 min was adequate for microbiological safety. Refrigeration storage for 20 days, evaluated by pH and acidity variations, was ideal for assessment of the beverage conservation time. The beverage viscosity was of the Newtonian standard behavior, and its viscosity during storage was not a good parameter to evaluate shelf life. Sensory preference tests showed positive perspectives for this new beverage.
基金supported by the Aviation Power Foundation of China(6141B09050382)。
文摘Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine(VCE)can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance.However,this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule.In order to resolve this problem,the Transient-state Reverse Method(TRM)is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method(SRM)and the Virtual Power Extraction Method(VPEM).The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE.Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects,including the accuracy and the convergence rate.The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE.Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model.On the other hand,it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45%and 54%,respectively.Meanwhile,the surge margin of compressors,fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria.It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province of China(No.2018ZDCXL-GY-03-04)。
文摘Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion(DEP)aircraft,a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically.Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy.By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk,the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream,based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure.As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss(MIL)propeller at a specified thrust level,significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved,which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.
基金support and funding from National Scientific Research ProjectSpace Supporting Fund from China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation(2019-HT-XG)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(310201911qd003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M653735)。
文摘Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)(PBO)fibers possess excellent dielectric,mechanical properties and heat resistance.However,the surface of PBO fibers is smooth and highly chemical inert,resulting in poor interfacial compatibility to polymer matrix,which severely limits its wider application in high-performance fiber-reinforced resin matrix composites.In this work,random copolymers(P(S-co-BCB-co-MMA))containing benzocyclobutene in the side-chain were synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)polymerization,which were then utilized to form dense random copolymer membrane on the surface of PBO fibers by thermally cross-linking at 250°C(PBO@P fibers).Four kinds of synthesized P(S-co-BCB-co-MMA)with different number-average molar mass(Mn)were well controlled and possessed narrow dispersity.When the Mnwas 32300,the surface roughness of PBO@P fibers was increased from 11 nm(PBO fibers)to 39 nm.In addition,PBO@P fibers presented the optimal interfacial compatibility with bisphenol A cyanate(BADCy)resins.And the single fiber pull-out strength of PBO@P fibers/BADCy micro-composites was 4.5 MPa,increasing by 45.2%in comparison with that of PBO fibers/BADCy micro-composites(3.1 MPa).Meantime,PBO@P fibers still retained excellent tensile strength(about 5.1 GPa).Overall,this work illustrates a simple and efficient surface functionalization method,which would provide a strong theoretical basis and technical support for controlling the surface structure&chemistry of inert substrates.
