We analyzed the radiolarian assemblages (pelagic sediments) and geochemical studies of 15 samples collected from Meluri district Nagaland, Naga Hills Ophiolite belt (NHO) and it consists of the Flysch Naga-Arakan-Yoma...We analyzed the radiolarian assemblages (pelagic sediments) and geochemical studies of 15 samples collected from Meluri district Nagaland, Naga Hills Ophiolite belt (NHO) and it consists of the Flysch Naga-Arakan-Yoma trough beyond the Indo-Myanmar border. It reflects one of the many components of the Himalayan Orogenic systems of Tethyan oceanic crust discovered in Nagaland at Meluri district of India and they have very well-preserved studies and can be identified to Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-mid-Tithonian). As well as a continuous sequence of Kimmeridgian-mid-Tithonian, five radiolarian assemblages have been identified in this study. This is so far the first recovery of pelagic sediment assemblages (Radiolarians) from the Naga Hills Ophiolite complex. Samples of Naga Hills Ophiolite belts fell in the Sublitharenite, Litharenite, and Fe-shale Fe-sand area, and the A-CN-K diagram indicates that these sediments in the source region were exposed deep to moderate weathering conditions. In the discriminant plot, the Naga Hill-Ophiolite-Chert samples occupy the field of origin of the sediment quartzose, and the log (K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O) versus SiO<sub>2 </sub>samples fall into the active continental marginal field, and only one sample falls into an island arch, suggesting that the tectonic framework of the Naga Hills-Chert samples was deposited in the active continental margin and the diagrams K<sub>2</sub>O/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> illustrated the tectonic setting of the marine environment from Naga Hill Ophiolite Chert. Such findings have been consistent with the current geology of Naga Hills in the province of Nagaland.展开更多
Background:There is overwhelming evidence that periodontal disease and dental caries affect the majority of populations and that western culture and lifestyle may have a profound influence on oral health,especially in...Background:There is overwhelming evidence that periodontal disease and dental caries affect the majority of populations and that western culture and lifestyle may have a profound influence on oral health,especially in adults.The present study was performed to determine the effect of westernization on the oral health of college students of Udaipur City,Rajasthan.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among students attending various professional and non-professional bachelor's degree colleges of Udaipur City,Rajasthan,India,from March 2013 to May 2013.Eight hundred students were selected based on a two-stage random sampling procedure.Westernization was assessed by a self-administered structured questionnaire.Periodontal status,dental caries status and malocclusion were assessed according to World Health Organization(WHO) criteria(1997).Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression.The confidence level and level of significance were set at 95% and 5%,respectively.Results:The present study suggested that adverse habits,listening to English music and preferring English food had a significant association with dental caries and periodontal diseases.Malocclusion also showed a significant relationship with consuming English food for snacks and desserts.Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly greater odds ratio(OR) for periodontal disease and dental caries among those who preferred English food for lunch.Conclusion:Based on the results of the present study,there is an association between westernization and oral health.展开更多
Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was us...Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was used as an alternative to the wet route in biodiesel production.Filter membranes were developed based on cellulose nanofibers as the matrix and sugarcane bagasse fibers or soy hulls,as reinforcement to the matrix,before and after two chemical treatments(carboxymethylation and regeneration with sulfuric acid).The filters were characterized by permeability capacity,morphology,wettability,porosity,SEM and mechanical properties.The filtered biodiesel was also completely characterized.One of the major impacts of dry purification of biodiesel was the glycerin content after filtration.The filters CNFBR 20-28,CNFSR 5-28,CNFSR 5-35,and CNFBC 5-28 produced purified biodiesel with glycerin content below 0.02%(200 mg/L).Another relevant fact is related to the best results for acidity index,combined alkalinity,and glycerin content,obtained by the regenerated filter CNFBR 20-28,which presented a considerable permeate flow rate value above 4145 L h^(-1) m^(-2),which can be related to compacted lamellar layers observed by SEM.The produced filters were applied to biodiesel purification using a low-pressure filtration system and a simple vacuum pump,which resulted in an appreciable reduction in cost.The produced filter with sugarcane bagasse fiber carboxymethylated at 28 mesh of granulometry was efficient for biodiesel purification,including the efficient removal of free glycerin,in agreement with the standards defined by the national controlling agencies.展开更多
The Multipurpose Enhanced Cognitive Architecture(MECA)is a cognitive framework designed to model complex,human-like processes across multiple domains.Originally focusing on implementing a Dual Process Theory approach ...The Multipurpose Enhanced Cognitive Architecture(MECA)is a cognitive framework designed to model complex,human-like processes across multiple domains.Originally focusing on implementing a Dual Process Theory approach and integrating a machine consciousness mechanism based on Global Workspace Theory,MECA has been updated to integrate a dual-layer subsumption mechanism,enabling both reactive and deliberative behaviors,dynamic goal setting and a visual-spatial memory subsystem,enhancing MECA’s capacity for real-world interaction and adaptive behavior.Also,with the introduction of the new computational ideas’knowledge representation scheme,MECA proposes to organize knowledge dynamically to handle context-sensitive reasoning and flexible categorization.MECA’s implementation relies on the Cognitive Systems Toolkit(CST),facilitating its integration with cutting-edge technologies.MECA and CST are being continuously developed and updated,aligned,and open to incorporate the latest AI artifacts and methodologies.This approach ensures the delivery of organized,monitorable,auditable,and controllable AI solutions,significantly reducing reliance on“black box”cognitive processes while enhancing transparency and accountability in AI-driven systems.These updates reinforce MECA’s potential as a robust architecture for developing autonomous,adaptable,and context-aware AI systems capable of real-world interaction and adaptive learning.展开更多
Hancornia speciosa‘Gomes’,commonly known as mangabeira,is a fruit-bearing tree native to Brazil that plays a crucial role in sustaining its native biome,restoring degraded areas,and improving the socio-environmental...Hancornia speciosa‘Gomes’,commonly known as mangabeira,is a fruit-bearing tree native to Brazil that plays a crucial role in sustaining its native biome,restoring degraded areas,and improving the socio-environmental conditions of these regions.The use of colored materials and bioinputs can help improve the quality of seedling production of Hancornia speciosa.This study aimed to evaluate the use of colored seedling tubes and a Chlorella vulgaris-based bioinput in developing Hancornia speciosa seedlings.The experiment was conducted at the Mato Grosso do Sul State University(UEMS),in Cassilândia,MS,using a completely randomized design in a 5×2 factorial arrangement.Treatments included colored reflective tubes(blue,white,red,yellow,and black)and bioinput application(absence or presence).The Hancornia speciosa seeds were collected near the Cassilândia campus and the Chlorella vulgaris-based bioinput was produced at the Microalgae and Biotechnology Laboratory of the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense(CEDESU).The bioinput was applied at sowing and after 30,60 and 90 days after emergence(DAE),totalizing three applications.An increase in plant height,number of leaves,chlorophyll a and total,CO2 assimilation rate,water use efficiency was observed.The combination of tube color and the presence of the Chlorella vulgaris bioinput significantly improved biometric traits,seedling quality index,chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content,and CO2 concentration,thus enhancing the seedling quality and potentially increasing field establishment and survival rates.展开更多
Petrochemical plastics are widely used for food protection and preservation;however,they exhibit poor biodegradability,resisting natural degradation through physical,chemical,or enzymatic processes.As a sustainable al...Petrochemical plastics are widely used for food protection and preservation;however,they exhibit poor biodegradability,resisting natural degradation through physical,chemical,or enzymatic processes.As a sustainable alternative to conventional plastic packaging,edible films offer effective barriers against moisture,gases,and microbial contamination while being biodegradable,biocompatible,and environmentally friendly.In this study,novel active food packaging materials(in film form)were developed by incorporating starch,carrageenan,nanocellulose(NC),Aloe vera,and hibiscus flower extract.The effects of varying the matrix composition(26.5–73.5 wt.%starch/carrageenan),NC concentration(2.77-17.07 wt.%),and particle type(fibers or crystals)on the film structure and characteristics were analyzed using various methods.Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated good homogeneity and effective dispersion of NC within the blendmatrix.An increased carrageenan content in the filmimproved wettability,moisture absorption,solubility,and water vapor permeability.The mechanical properties of the films were enhanced by NC incorporation and higher carrageenan content.The developed films also exhibited effective UV radiation barriers and biodegradability.Films with low carrageenan content(less than 33.3%)and high NC content(7%,10% crystals or 10%,15% fibers)exhibited optimal properties,including enhanced water resistance,hydrophobicity,and mechanical strength,along with reduced water vapor permeability.However,the high water solubility and moisture absorption(above 55% and 14%,respectively)indicated their unsuitability as packaging materials for food products with wet surfaces and high humidity.The results suggest that these films are well suited for use as edible food packaging for fruits and vegetables.展开更多
BACKGROUND Abnormal gastric acid reflux into the esophagus causes symptoms of gastroeso-phageal reflux disease(GERD)such as heartburn and regurgitation and also leads to mucosal damage.This damage can further lead to ...BACKGROUND Abnormal gastric acid reflux into the esophagus causes symptoms of gastroeso-phageal reflux disease(GERD)such as heartburn and regurgitation and also leads to mucosal damage.This damage can further lead to complications such as Bar-rett’s esophagus and esophagitis.Conventional proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)often fail to reduce nocturnal acid production,leaving patients with unresolved symptoms that worsen at night and decreased satisfaction.Happi ER,a novel dual delayed-release(DDR)formulation of rabeprazole,aims to address these limitations by providing both immediate and prolonged acid suppression.AIM To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsule in patients with GERD.METHODS This study involved a multicenter,real-world,prospective,observational design over an eight-week period.A total of 1022 GERD patients were treated with rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsules(Happi ER),as prescribed by their physicians.We included adult patients with confirmed GERD and persistent heartburn symptoms despite prior PPI use.Outcome measures included heartburn severity,frequency of night-time awakenings,use of rescue medications,and overall patient satisfaction.RESULTS Rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsules(Happi ER)were shown to be highly effective in treating GERD symptoms.At the end of the study,the mean heartburn score improved significantly from 2.46±0.67 at baseline to 0.16±0.39(P<0.0001).The median number of night-time awakenings decreased to 0(P<0.0001).More than 93%of patients rated the therapy as“excellent”or“very good”,reflecting high satisfaction.No significant adverse effects were reported,and the safety profile was comparable to that of traditional PPIs.CONCLUSION By providing both rapid and sustained acid suppression,Happi ER effectively treats GERD,particularly with respect to night-time symptoms.Its safety and efficacy profile make it a viable option for individuals with mild-to-moderate GERD,significantly improving the quality of life and symptom management.展开更多
This study investigates the efficiency of a crude enzymatic extract produced by Aspergillus fumigatus SCBM6 by solid state fermentation(SSF)in the hydrolysis of alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse(PTB).After SSF using...This study investigates the efficiency of a crude enzymatic extract produced by Aspergillus fumigatus SCBM6 by solid state fermentation(SSF)in the hydrolysis of alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse(PTB).After SSF using in natura sugarcane bagasse(SCB),the enzymatic extract presented 21.33 U.g^-1 of β-glucosidase and 544.46 U.g^-1 of xylanase.The alkaline pretreatment with sodium hydroxide 2%NaOH(w/v)removed 43% of the lignin from PTB and the cellulosic fraction increased to 75%.The hydrolysis was optimized as a function of time,temperature,and concentration of PTB.After hydrolysis,the maximum yield(30.05%)of total released reducing sugars(TRS)was obtained under the following conditions:24 h,55℃,2% of PTB and 3 U.g^-1 of β-glucosidase(CBU).Furthermore,an approximate TRS value(26.4%)was also obtained after saccharification carried out during 6 h,55℃,4% of PTB and 1 CBU.These results indicate that hydrolysis can be performed in a short incubation period and with low enzymatic load for reasonable TRS release.展开更多
The objective of this work was to evaluate different superficial treatments of sisal fibres employing lignin,and their use as a reinforcement agent in cementitious composites.The treatments consisted of superficially ...The objective of this work was to evaluate different superficial treatments of sisal fibres employing lignin,and their use as a reinforcement agent in cementitious composites.The treatments consisted of superficially impregnating sisal fibres(S)with organosolv lignin(LO),organosolv lignin and glutaraldehyde(LOG),Kraft lignin(LK)and Kraft lignin and glutaraldehyde(LKG).The fibre modifications were verified by FTIR-ATR and SEM analyzes,and the presence of lignin on the surface of the fibres was evidenced,confirming the effectiveness of the treatments.The mechanical,thermal(by TGA)and water absorption properties of the fibres before and after the modifications were also investigated.After treatment,the modified fibres presented an expressive reduction of the water absorption and did not show significant changes in the mechanical properties when compared with the natural unmodified sisal fibre(SNAT).It was verified an increase in the thermal stability of the treated fibres which can be attributed to the insertion of lignin on the fibres.To evaluate the performance of the fibres in the cementitious composites,cement plates(CP)were produced with different treated fibres(CP-SLOG,CP-SLO,CP-SLKG,CP-SLK)and fibres without treatment(CP-SNAT).The composites were evaluated concerning to the water absorption,porosity and mechanical properties.The fractured regions were also investigated by SEM.All composites prepared showed similar values of absorption and porosity indexes.From the mechanical properties,the composites prepared with modified fibres showed a significant increase in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity compared with CP-SNAT,while toughness was similar to all samples.From the SEM images,it was observed that the modified fibres immersed in the cementitious plates showed no degradation,indicating that the impregnation of lignin acted as a protective agent of the fibres.Therefore,the treatments of the fibres with lignin led to a significant improvement in the properties of the composites generating a treatment with potential for industrial application.展开更多
Disorders in glucose metabolism can be divided into three separate but interrelated domains,namely hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia,and glycemic variability.Intensive glycemic control in patients with diabetes might increas...Disorders in glucose metabolism can be divided into three separate but interrelated domains,namely hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia,and glycemic variability.Intensive glycemic control in patients with diabetes might increase the risk of hypoglycemic incidents and glucose fluctuations.These three dysglycemic states occur not only amongst patients with diabetes,but are frequently present in other clinical settings,such as during critically ill.A growing body of evidence has focused on the relationships between these dysglycemic domains with cardiac arrhythmias,including supraventricular arrhythmias(primarily atrial fibrillation),ventricular arrhythmias(malignant ventricular arrhythmias and QT interval prolongation),and bradyarrhythmias(bradycardia and heart block).Different mechanisms by which these dysglycemic states might provoke cardiac arrhythmias have been identified in experimental studies.A customized glycemic control strategy to minimize the risk of hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia and glucose variability is of the utmost importance in order to mitigate the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.展开更多
The Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)protein family spans a group of plant transcription factors involved in the regulation of several functions,such as plant responses to stress,hormones and light,phytochrome signalin...The Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)protein family spans a group of plant transcription factors involved in the regulation of several functions,such as plant responses to stress,hormones and light,phytochrome signaling and seed germination.Here we describe the Dof-like gene family in grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.),which consists of 25 genes coding for Dof.An extensive in silico characterization of the VviDofL gene family was performed.Additionally,the expression of the entire gene family was assessed in 54 grapevine tissues and organs using an integrated approach with microarray(cv Corvina)and real-time PCR(cv Pinot Noir)analyses.The phylogenetic analysis comparing grapevine sequences with those of Arabidopsis,tomato,poplar and already described Dof genes in other species allowed us to identify several duplicated genes.The diversification of grapevine DofL genes during evolution likely resulted in a broader range of biological roles.Furthermore,distinct expression patterns were identified between samples analyzed,corroborating such hypothesis.Our expression results indicate that several VviDofL genes perform their functional roles mainly during flower,berry and seed development,highlighting their importance for grapevine growth and production.The identification of similar expression profiles between both approaches strongly suggests that these genes have important regulatory roles that are evolutionally conserved between grapevine cvs Corvina and Pinot Noir.展开更多
This comprehensive review embarks on a captivating journey into the complex relationship between cardiology and normal-tension glaucoma(NTG),a condition that continues to baffle clinicians and researchers alike.NTG,ch...This comprehensive review embarks on a captivating journey into the complex relationship between cardiology and normal-tension glaucoma(NTG),a condition that continues to baffle clinicians and researchers alike.NTG,characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field loss despite normal intraocular pressure,has long puzzled clinicians.One emerging perspective suggests that alterations in ocular blood flow,particularly within the optic nerve head,may play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis.While NTG shares commonalities with its high-tension counterpart,its unique pathogenesis and potential ties to cardiovascular health make it a fascinating subject of exploration.It navigates through the complex web of vascular dysregulation,blood pressure and perfusion pressure,neurovascular coupling,and oxidative stress,seeking to uncover the hidden threads that tie the heart and eyes together in NTG.This review explores into the intricate mechanisms connecting cardiovascular factors to NTG,shedding light on how cardiac dynamics can influence ocular health,particularly in cases where intraocular pressure remains within the normal range.NTG's enigmatic nature,often characterized by seemingly contradictory risk factors and clinical profiles,underscores the need for a holistic approach to patient care.Drawing parallels to cardiac health,we examine into the shared vascular terrain connecting the heart and the eyes.Cardiovascular factors,including systemic blood flow,endothelial dysfunction,and microcirculatory anomalies,may exert a profound influence on ocular perfusion,impacting the delicate balance within the optic nerve head.By elucidating the subtle clues and potential associations between cardiology and NTG,this review invites clinicians to consider a broader perspective in their evaluation and management of this elusive condition.As the understanding of these connections evolves,so too may the prospects for early diagnosis and tailored interventions,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for those living with NTG.展开更多
In this work,nine different types of edible coating based on pectin,cellulose nanocrystals,glycerol,and essential oil of lemongrass were prepared and used to coat strawberries with a film formed directly on the surfac...In this work,nine different types of edible coating based on pectin,cellulose nanocrystals,glycerol,and essential oil of lemongrass were prepared and used to coat strawberries with a film formed directly on the surface of the coated fruit.The effects of the different edible coatings on refrigerated fruits in terms of weight loss,titratable acidity,total soluble solids,pH,and anthocyanin content was evaluated after 2 days,4 days,6 days,and 8 days of storage.Application of the edible coatings reduced the weight loss of the coated strawberries and the anthocyanin content.The total soluble solids content of or uncoated fruit increase more markedly than that of coated fruit.In contrast,pH was maintained for both coated and uncoated strawberries.The edible coatings were effective in minimizing of the weight loss,without worsening the physical chemistry attributes.The treatments T5 and T9 presented the best results.展开更多
The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, fe...The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.展开更多
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has as a main characteristic the exacerbation of the immune system against enterocytes,compromising the individual’s intestinal microbiota.This inflammatory cascade causes several nutri...Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has as a main characteristic the exacerbation of the immune system against enterocytes,compromising the individual’s intestinal microbiota.This inflammatory cascade causes several nutritional deficiencies,which further compromise immunological functioning and,as a result,worsen the prognosis.This vicious cycle can be interrupted as the patient’s dietary pattern meets their needs according to their clinical condition,acting directly on the inflammatory process of IBD through the interaction of food,intestinal microbiota,and epigenome.Specific nutritional intervention for IBD has a crucial role in preventing and managing disease activity.This review addresses epigenetic modifications through dietary compounds as a mechanism for modulating the intestinal microbiota of patients with IBD.展开更多
Background: Stroke ranks third and is the leading cause of permanent disability in western countries. Furthermore there are no treatments for the psychosocial effects of this pathology. Purpose: Analyse the effect of ...Background: Stroke ranks third and is the leading cause of permanent disability in western countries. Furthermore there are no treatments for the psychosocial effects of this pathology. Purpose: Analyse the effect of an aquatic exercise program in depression and trace and state anxiety in subjects who suffered an ischemic stroke. Methods: Two groups were analyzed: experimental group (EG) n = 15, 50.3 ± 9.1 years;control group (CG) n = 13, 52.5 ± 7.7 years. EG underwent a 12-week aquatic exercise program. Both groups were evaluated in pre and post- treatment using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Trace State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE). Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare moments and groups, respec- tively. Results: The BDI scores of aquatic activities were: pre-treatment, 17.4 ± 7.7 and 16.9 ± 8.6 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treat- ment, 13.2 + 7.1 and 16.4 + 7.9 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety trace in strength training were: pre-treatment, 43.2 + 12.5 and 42.9 + 12.2 for the EG and CG, respec- tively;post-treatment, 39.7 + 7.1 and 42.6 + 12.1 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety state in strength training were: pre-treatment, 46.9 + 7.6 and 47.4 + 8.1 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treatment, 44.4 + 7.9 and 47.5 + 8.0 for the EG and CG, respectively. Significant differences were found in pre and post-treatment values in the EG and between groups in the depression and trace and state anxiety levels in post-treatment (p Conclusions: Aquatic physical activity contributes to an improvement of the levels of depression and anxiety in people who suffered a stroke.展开更多
文摘We analyzed the radiolarian assemblages (pelagic sediments) and geochemical studies of 15 samples collected from Meluri district Nagaland, Naga Hills Ophiolite belt (NHO) and it consists of the Flysch Naga-Arakan-Yoma trough beyond the Indo-Myanmar border. It reflects one of the many components of the Himalayan Orogenic systems of Tethyan oceanic crust discovered in Nagaland at Meluri district of India and they have very well-preserved studies and can be identified to Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-mid-Tithonian). As well as a continuous sequence of Kimmeridgian-mid-Tithonian, five radiolarian assemblages have been identified in this study. This is so far the first recovery of pelagic sediment assemblages (Radiolarians) from the Naga Hills Ophiolite complex. Samples of Naga Hills Ophiolite belts fell in the Sublitharenite, Litharenite, and Fe-shale Fe-sand area, and the A-CN-K diagram indicates that these sediments in the source region were exposed deep to moderate weathering conditions. In the discriminant plot, the Naga Hill-Ophiolite-Chert samples occupy the field of origin of the sediment quartzose, and the log (K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O) versus SiO<sub>2 </sub>samples fall into the active continental marginal field, and only one sample falls into an island arch, suggesting that the tectonic framework of the Naga Hills-Chert samples was deposited in the active continental margin and the diagrams K<sub>2</sub>O/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> illustrated the tectonic setting of the marine environment from Naga Hill Ophiolite Chert. Such findings have been consistent with the current geology of Naga Hills in the province of Nagaland.
文摘Background:There is overwhelming evidence that periodontal disease and dental caries affect the majority of populations and that western culture and lifestyle may have a profound influence on oral health,especially in adults.The present study was performed to determine the effect of westernization on the oral health of college students of Udaipur City,Rajasthan.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among students attending various professional and non-professional bachelor's degree colleges of Udaipur City,Rajasthan,India,from March 2013 to May 2013.Eight hundred students were selected based on a two-stage random sampling procedure.Westernization was assessed by a self-administered structured questionnaire.Periodontal status,dental caries status and malocclusion were assessed according to World Health Organization(WHO) criteria(1997).Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression.The confidence level and level of significance were set at 95% and 5%,respectively.Results:The present study suggested that adverse habits,listening to English music and preferring English food had a significant association with dental caries and periodontal diseases.Malocclusion also showed a significant relationship with consuming English food for snacks and desserts.Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly greater odds ratio(OR) for periodontal disease and dental caries among those who preferred English food for lunch.Conclusion:Based on the results of the present study,there is an association between westernization and oral health.
基金supported by the Minas Gerais State’s Foundation for Research Support(FAPEMIG,Brazil,Process CEX-APQ-01651-17,RED-00224-23,and PPM-00645-17).
文摘Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was used as an alternative to the wet route in biodiesel production.Filter membranes were developed based on cellulose nanofibers as the matrix and sugarcane bagasse fibers or soy hulls,as reinforcement to the matrix,before and after two chemical treatments(carboxymethylation and regeneration with sulfuric acid).The filters were characterized by permeability capacity,morphology,wettability,porosity,SEM and mechanical properties.The filtered biodiesel was also completely characterized.One of the major impacts of dry purification of biodiesel was the glycerin content after filtration.The filters CNFBR 20-28,CNFSR 5-28,CNFSR 5-35,and CNFBC 5-28 produced purified biodiesel with glycerin content below 0.02%(200 mg/L).Another relevant fact is related to the best results for acidity index,combined alkalinity,and glycerin content,obtained by the regenerated filter CNFBR 20-28,which presented a considerable permeate flow rate value above 4145 L h^(-1) m^(-2),which can be related to compacted lamellar layers observed by SEM.The produced filters were applied to biodiesel purification using a low-pressure filtration system and a simple vacuum pump,which resulted in an appreciable reduction in cost.The produced filter with sugarcane bagasse fiber carboxymethylated at 28 mesh of granulometry was efficient for biodiesel purification,including the efficient removal of free glycerin,in agreement with the standards defined by the national controlling agencies.
基金Supported by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP),CPE SMARTNESS(2021/00199-8)and CEPID/BRAINN(2013/07559-3).
文摘The Multipurpose Enhanced Cognitive Architecture(MECA)is a cognitive framework designed to model complex,human-like processes across multiple domains.Originally focusing on implementing a Dual Process Theory approach and integrating a machine consciousness mechanism based on Global Workspace Theory,MECA has been updated to integrate a dual-layer subsumption mechanism,enabling both reactive and deliberative behaviors,dynamic goal setting and a visual-spatial memory subsystem,enhancing MECA’s capacity for real-world interaction and adaptive behavior.Also,with the introduction of the new computational ideas’knowledge representation scheme,MECA proposes to organize knowledge dynamically to handle context-sensitive reasoning and flexible categorization.MECA’s implementation relies on the Cognitive Systems Toolkit(CST),facilitating its integration with cutting-edge technologies.MECA and CST are being continuously developed and updated,aligned,and open to incorporate the latest AI artifacts and methodologies.This approach ensures the delivery of organized,monitorable,auditable,and controllable AI solutions,significantly reducing reliance on“black box”cognitive processes while enhancing transparency and accountability in AI-driven systems.These updates reinforce MECA’s potential as a robust architecture for developing autonomous,adaptable,and context-aware AI systems capable of real-world interaction and adaptive learning.
文摘Hancornia speciosa‘Gomes’,commonly known as mangabeira,is a fruit-bearing tree native to Brazil that plays a crucial role in sustaining its native biome,restoring degraded areas,and improving the socio-environmental conditions of these regions.The use of colored materials and bioinputs can help improve the quality of seedling production of Hancornia speciosa.This study aimed to evaluate the use of colored seedling tubes and a Chlorella vulgaris-based bioinput in developing Hancornia speciosa seedlings.The experiment was conducted at the Mato Grosso do Sul State University(UEMS),in Cassilândia,MS,using a completely randomized design in a 5×2 factorial arrangement.Treatments included colored reflective tubes(blue,white,red,yellow,and black)and bioinput application(absence or presence).The Hancornia speciosa seeds were collected near the Cassilândia campus and the Chlorella vulgaris-based bioinput was produced at the Microalgae and Biotechnology Laboratory of the Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Bolsão Sul-Mato-Grossense(CEDESU).The bioinput was applied at sowing and after 30,60 and 90 days after emergence(DAE),totalizing three applications.An increase in plant height,number of leaves,chlorophyll a and total,CO2 assimilation rate,water use efficiency was observed.The combination of tube color and the presence of the Chlorella vulgaris bioinput significantly improved biometric traits,seedling quality index,chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content,and CO2 concentration,thus enhancing the seedling quality and potentially increasing field establishment and survival rates.
基金funded by the Russian Federation represented by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education,Russia,grant number 075-15-2022-1231 on 18.10.2022National Research Foundation(NRF),South Africa,grant number 150508Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq),Brazil,grant number 440057/2022-1.
文摘Petrochemical plastics are widely used for food protection and preservation;however,they exhibit poor biodegradability,resisting natural degradation through physical,chemical,or enzymatic processes.As a sustainable alternative to conventional plastic packaging,edible films offer effective barriers against moisture,gases,and microbial contamination while being biodegradable,biocompatible,and environmentally friendly.In this study,novel active food packaging materials(in film form)were developed by incorporating starch,carrageenan,nanocellulose(NC),Aloe vera,and hibiscus flower extract.The effects of varying the matrix composition(26.5–73.5 wt.%starch/carrageenan),NC concentration(2.77-17.07 wt.%),and particle type(fibers or crystals)on the film structure and characteristics were analyzed using various methods.Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated good homogeneity and effective dispersion of NC within the blendmatrix.An increased carrageenan content in the filmimproved wettability,moisture absorption,solubility,and water vapor permeability.The mechanical properties of the films were enhanced by NC incorporation and higher carrageenan content.The developed films also exhibited effective UV radiation barriers and biodegradability.Films with low carrageenan content(less than 33.3%)and high NC content(7%,10% crystals or 10%,15% fibers)exhibited optimal properties,including enhanced water resistance,hydrophobicity,and mechanical strength,along with reduced water vapor permeability.However,the high water solubility and moisture absorption(above 55% and 14%,respectively)indicated their unsuitability as packaging materials for food products with wet surfaces and high humidity.The results suggest that these films are well suited for use as edible food packaging for fruits and vegetables.
文摘BACKGROUND Abnormal gastric acid reflux into the esophagus causes symptoms of gastroeso-phageal reflux disease(GERD)such as heartburn and regurgitation and also leads to mucosal damage.This damage can further lead to complications such as Bar-rett’s esophagus and esophagitis.Conventional proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)often fail to reduce nocturnal acid production,leaving patients with unresolved symptoms that worsen at night and decreased satisfaction.Happi ER,a novel dual delayed-release(DDR)formulation of rabeprazole,aims to address these limitations by providing both immediate and prolonged acid suppression.AIM To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsule in patients with GERD.METHODS This study involved a multicenter,real-world,prospective,observational design over an eight-week period.A total of 1022 GERD patients were treated with rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsules(Happi ER),as prescribed by their physicians.We included adult patients with confirmed GERD and persistent heartburn symptoms despite prior PPI use.Outcome measures included heartburn severity,frequency of night-time awakenings,use of rescue medications,and overall patient satisfaction.RESULTS Rabeprazole DDR 20 mg capsules(Happi ER)were shown to be highly effective in treating GERD symptoms.At the end of the study,the mean heartburn score improved significantly from 2.46±0.67 at baseline to 0.16±0.39(P<0.0001).The median number of night-time awakenings decreased to 0(P<0.0001).More than 93%of patients rated the therapy as“excellent”or“very good”,reflecting high satisfaction.No significant adverse effects were reported,and the safety profile was comparable to that of traditional PPIs.CONCLUSION By providing both rapid and sustained acid suppression,Happi ER effectively treats GERD,particularly with respect to night-time symptoms.Its safety and efficacy profile make it a viable option for individuals with mild-to-moderate GERD,significantly improving the quality of life and symptom management.
文摘This study investigates the efficiency of a crude enzymatic extract produced by Aspergillus fumigatus SCBM6 by solid state fermentation(SSF)in the hydrolysis of alkali pretreated sugarcane bagasse(PTB).After SSF using in natura sugarcane bagasse(SCB),the enzymatic extract presented 21.33 U.g^-1 of β-glucosidase and 544.46 U.g^-1 of xylanase.The alkaline pretreatment with sodium hydroxide 2%NaOH(w/v)removed 43% of the lignin from PTB and the cellulosic fraction increased to 75%.The hydrolysis was optimized as a function of time,temperature,and concentration of PTB.After hydrolysis,the maximum yield(30.05%)of total released reducing sugars(TRS)was obtained under the following conditions:24 h,55℃,2% of PTB and 3 U.g^-1 of β-glucosidase(CBU).Furthermore,an approximate TRS value(26.4%)was also obtained after saccharification carried out during 6 h,55℃,4% of PTB and 1 CBU.These results indicate that hydrolysis can be performed in a short incubation period and with low enzymatic load for reasonable TRS release.
文摘The objective of this work was to evaluate different superficial treatments of sisal fibres employing lignin,and their use as a reinforcement agent in cementitious composites.The treatments consisted of superficially impregnating sisal fibres(S)with organosolv lignin(LO),organosolv lignin and glutaraldehyde(LOG),Kraft lignin(LK)and Kraft lignin and glutaraldehyde(LKG).The fibre modifications were verified by FTIR-ATR and SEM analyzes,and the presence of lignin on the surface of the fibres was evidenced,confirming the effectiveness of the treatments.The mechanical,thermal(by TGA)and water absorption properties of the fibres before and after the modifications were also investigated.After treatment,the modified fibres presented an expressive reduction of the water absorption and did not show significant changes in the mechanical properties when compared with the natural unmodified sisal fibre(SNAT).It was verified an increase in the thermal stability of the treated fibres which can be attributed to the insertion of lignin on the fibres.To evaluate the performance of the fibres in the cementitious composites,cement plates(CP)were produced with different treated fibres(CP-SLOG,CP-SLO,CP-SLKG,CP-SLK)and fibres without treatment(CP-SNAT).The composites were evaluated concerning to the water absorption,porosity and mechanical properties.The fractured regions were also investigated by SEM.All composites prepared showed similar values of absorption and porosity indexes.From the mechanical properties,the composites prepared with modified fibres showed a significant increase in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity compared with CP-SNAT,while toughness was similar to all samples.From the SEM images,it was observed that the modified fibres immersed in the cementitious plates showed no degradation,indicating that the impregnation of lignin acted as a protective agent of the fibres.Therefore,the treatments of the fibres with lignin led to a significant improvement in the properties of the composites generating a treatment with potential for industrial application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81970270,No.81570298,and No.81270245Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project,No.TJYXZDXK-029A.
文摘Disorders in glucose metabolism can be divided into three separate but interrelated domains,namely hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia,and glycemic variability.Intensive glycemic control in patients with diabetes might increase the risk of hypoglycemic incidents and glucose fluctuations.These three dysglycemic states occur not only amongst patients with diabetes,but are frequently present in other clinical settings,such as during critically ill.A growing body of evidence has focused on the relationships between these dysglycemic domains with cardiac arrhythmias,including supraventricular arrhythmias(primarily atrial fibrillation),ventricular arrhythmias(malignant ventricular arrhythmias and QT interval prolongation),and bradyarrhythmias(bradycardia and heart block).Different mechanisms by which these dysglycemic states might provoke cardiac arrhythmias have been identified in experimental studies.A customized glycemic control strategy to minimize the risk of hyperglycemia,hypoglycemia and glucose variability is of the utmost importance in order to mitigate the risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
基金This work was supported by‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior’(CAPES,Brazil),‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq,Brazil,Proc.475440/2004-8,GP research fellowship 311361/2009-9),‘Fundação de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul’(FAPERGS,Brazil,Proc.04/1184.6)and Embrapa(Brazil).
文摘The Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)protein family spans a group of plant transcription factors involved in the regulation of several functions,such as plant responses to stress,hormones and light,phytochrome signaling and seed germination.Here we describe the Dof-like gene family in grapevine(Vitis vinifera L.),which consists of 25 genes coding for Dof.An extensive in silico characterization of the VviDofL gene family was performed.Additionally,the expression of the entire gene family was assessed in 54 grapevine tissues and organs using an integrated approach with microarray(cv Corvina)and real-time PCR(cv Pinot Noir)analyses.The phylogenetic analysis comparing grapevine sequences with those of Arabidopsis,tomato,poplar and already described Dof genes in other species allowed us to identify several duplicated genes.The diversification of grapevine DofL genes during evolution likely resulted in a broader range of biological roles.Furthermore,distinct expression patterns were identified between samples analyzed,corroborating such hypothesis.Our expression results indicate that several VviDofL genes perform their functional roles mainly during flower,berry and seed development,highlighting their importance for grapevine growth and production.The identification of similar expression profiles between both approaches strongly suggests that these genes have important regulatory roles that are evolutionally conserved between grapevine cvs Corvina and Pinot Noir.
文摘This comprehensive review embarks on a captivating journey into the complex relationship between cardiology and normal-tension glaucoma(NTG),a condition that continues to baffle clinicians and researchers alike.NTG,characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field loss despite normal intraocular pressure,has long puzzled clinicians.One emerging perspective suggests that alterations in ocular blood flow,particularly within the optic nerve head,may play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis.While NTG shares commonalities with its high-tension counterpart,its unique pathogenesis and potential ties to cardiovascular health make it a fascinating subject of exploration.It navigates through the complex web of vascular dysregulation,blood pressure and perfusion pressure,neurovascular coupling,and oxidative stress,seeking to uncover the hidden threads that tie the heart and eyes together in NTG.This review explores into the intricate mechanisms connecting cardiovascular factors to NTG,shedding light on how cardiac dynamics can influence ocular health,particularly in cases where intraocular pressure remains within the normal range.NTG's enigmatic nature,often characterized by seemingly contradictory risk factors and clinical profiles,underscores the need for a holistic approach to patient care.Drawing parallels to cardiac health,we examine into the shared vascular terrain connecting the heart and the eyes.Cardiovascular factors,including systemic blood flow,endothelial dysfunction,and microcirculatory anomalies,may exert a profound influence on ocular perfusion,impacting the delicate balance within the optic nerve head.By elucidating the subtle clues and potential associations between cardiology and NTG,this review invites clinicians to consider a broader perspective in their evaluation and management of this elusive condition.As the understanding of these connections evolves,so too may the prospects for early diagnosis and tailored interventions,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for those living with NTG.
文摘In this work,nine different types of edible coating based on pectin,cellulose nanocrystals,glycerol,and essential oil of lemongrass were prepared and used to coat strawberries with a film formed directly on the surface of the coated fruit.The effects of the different edible coatings on refrigerated fruits in terms of weight loss,titratable acidity,total soluble solids,pH,and anthocyanin content was evaluated after 2 days,4 days,6 days,and 8 days of storage.Application of the edible coatings reduced the weight loss of the coated strawberries and the anthocyanin content.The total soluble solids content of or uncoated fruit increase more markedly than that of coated fruit.In contrast,pH was maintained for both coated and uncoated strawberries.The edible coatings were effective in minimizing of the weight loss,without worsening the physical chemistry attributes.The treatments T5 and T9 presented the best results.
基金This study was supported by Minas Gerais Research Founding(FAPEMIG-projects APQ-01392-13 and APQ 01,258-17).
文摘The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has as a main characteristic the exacerbation of the immune system against enterocytes,compromising the individual’s intestinal microbiota.This inflammatory cascade causes several nutritional deficiencies,which further compromise immunological functioning and,as a result,worsen the prognosis.This vicious cycle can be interrupted as the patient’s dietary pattern meets their needs according to their clinical condition,acting directly on the inflammatory process of IBD through the interaction of food,intestinal microbiota,and epigenome.Specific nutritional intervention for IBD has a crucial role in preventing and managing disease activity.This review addresses epigenetic modifications through dietary compounds as a mechanism for modulating the intestinal microbiota of patients with IBD.
文摘Background: Stroke ranks third and is the leading cause of permanent disability in western countries. Furthermore there are no treatments for the psychosocial effects of this pathology. Purpose: Analyse the effect of an aquatic exercise program in depression and trace and state anxiety in subjects who suffered an ischemic stroke. Methods: Two groups were analyzed: experimental group (EG) n = 15, 50.3 ± 9.1 years;control group (CG) n = 13, 52.5 ± 7.7 years. EG underwent a 12-week aquatic exercise program. Both groups were evaluated in pre and post- treatment using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Trace State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE). Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare moments and groups, respec- tively. Results: The BDI scores of aquatic activities were: pre-treatment, 17.4 ± 7.7 and 16.9 ± 8.6 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treat- ment, 13.2 + 7.1 and 16.4 + 7.9 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety trace in strength training were: pre-treatment, 43.2 + 12.5 and 42.9 + 12.2 for the EG and CG, respec- tively;post-treatment, 39.7 + 7.1 and 42.6 + 12.1 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety state in strength training were: pre-treatment, 46.9 + 7.6 and 47.4 + 8.1 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treatment, 44.4 + 7.9 and 47.5 + 8.0 for the EG and CG, respectively. Significant differences were found in pre and post-treatment values in the EG and between groups in the depression and trace and state anxiety levels in post-treatment (p Conclusions: Aquatic physical activity contributes to an improvement of the levels of depression and anxiety in people who suffered a stroke.
