AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was me...AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was measured by serum retinol obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and the RDR test for evaluation of the hepatic stores.Body composition was performed by densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Vitamin A dietary intake was assessed from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.RESULTS:This study included 38 CD patients and 33 controls.Low serum retinol concentrations were detected in 29% of CD patients vs 15% in controls(P < 0.005).The RDR test was positive in 37% of CD patients vs 12% in controls,which indicated inadequate hepatic vitamin A stores(P < 0.005).Individuals with hypovitaminosis A had lower BMI and body fat compared with those without this deficiency.There was no association between vitamin A deficiency and its dietary intake,ileal location,presence of disease activity and prior bowel resections.CONCLUSION:Patients with CD have higher prevalence of vitamin A deficiency,as assessed by two independent methods.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate energy and nutritional densities, water, carbon and ecological footprints, cost, of omnivorous and vegan main courses served in a university restaurant in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A cro...This study aimed to evaluate energy and nutritional densities, water, carbon and ecological footprints, cost, of omnivorous and vegan main courses served in a university restaurant in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 40 main dish-type preparations, 20 of which are omnivorous and 20 vegans, served at lunch, to assess energy and nutritional densities, carbon, water and ecological footprints and cost of preparations. We propose a healthy and sustainable preparation index (HSPI) to evaluate from the list, the best preparation options considering the nutritional quality combined with the impact that the food causes on the environment. Preparations with the highest HSPI were considered the best options because they have a good relation between the nutritional profile and the environmental impact. Results: Regarding energy (ED), nutritional (ND) densities and water, carbon and ecological footprints, omnivorous preparations presented much higher values when compared to the vegan ones. The omnivorous preparations had the highest average cost (R$ 3.44). Regarding the HSPI, vegan preparations showed better rates than omnivorous preparations. Food services should promote healthy and sustainable choices by offering menus with low energy density preparations, high nutritional density, and low environmental impact, considering local realities and customer needs. Conclusion: This study was able to evaluate the best preparation options, considering the nutritional profile and the food impact on the environment, using health and sustainable indicators. Obtaining indicators of preparations regarding healthiness and sustainability, in practice, translates environmental aspects in menu planning, which contribute to changes in food consumption patterns in food services, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact. In this way, they can be used as tools added to the menu planning process for the analysis of the environmental impact of menus, in addition to nutritional and qualitative aspects.展开更多
Objective:To relate physiologic changes and presence of illnesses in older adults,with the risk of appearance of adverse reactions and pharmacological interactions as consequence of the use of medicinal plants.Methods...Objective:To relate physiologic changes and presence of illnesses in older adults,with the risk of appearance of adverse reactions and pharmacological interactions as consequence of the use of medicinal plants.Methods:To carry out a search in the last 5 years and to present a general vision about what have been published related to the use of medicinal plants with risk of appearance of adverse reactions and interactions in older adults.Conclusions:Technological prevision based on the search of articles in the Virtual Library in Health(BVS)and using the words key“medicinal plants”,“older adult”,“pharmacokinetics”,“adverse reactions”,“elderly”,“pharmacological interactions”,and the association among them.展开更多
Electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)consist of energy storage devices that present high-power and moderate energy density.The electrolyte and electrode physicochemical properties are crucial for improving their o...Electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)consist of energy storage devices that present high-power and moderate energy density.The electrolyte and electrode physicochemical properties are crucial for improving their overall energy storage capabilities.Therefore,the stability of the EDLCs’materials is the primary focus of this study.Since energy storage depends on the specific capacitance,and also on the square of the maximum capacitive cell voltage(UMCV).Thus,electrodes with high specific surface area(SSA)and electrolytes with excellent electrochemical stability are commonly reported in the literature.Aqueous electrolytes are safer and green devices compared to other organic-based solutions.On the other hand,their UMCVis reduced compared to other electrolytes(e.g.,organic-based and ionic liquids).In this sense,spanning the UMCVfor aqueous-based electrolytes is a’hot topic’research.Unfortunately,the lack of protocols to establish reliable UMCVvalues has culminated in the publishing of several conflicting results.Herein,we confirm that multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)housed in cells degrade and produce CO_(2) under abusive polarisation conditions.It is probed by employing electrochemical techniques,in-situ FTIR and in-situ Raman spectroscopies.From these considerations,the current study uses spectro-electrochemical techniques to support the correct determination of the electrode and electrolyte stability conditions as a function of the operating electrochemical parameters.展开更多
Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed breeding.We evaluated several agronomic treatments to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘M82'...Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed breeding.We evaluated several agronomic treatments to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘M82'(determinate)and‘Moneymaker'(indeterminate)varieties and evaluated the best combination in conjunction with embryo rescue.Five container sizes with volumes of 0.2 L(XS),0.45 L(S),0.8 L(M),1.3 L(L),and6 L(XL),were evaluated in the first experiment under the autumn cycle.We found that plants grown in XL containers exhibited better development and required less time from sowing to anthesis(DSA)and from anthesis to fruit ripening(DAR).In the second experiment,using XL containers in the autumn-winter cycle,we evaluated the effects of cold priming at the cotyledonary stage,water stress,P supplementation,and K supplementation on generation time.Compared to the control,we found that cold priming significantly reduced the number of leaves,plant height to first the inflorescence,and DSA(2.7 d),whereas K supplementation reduced the DAR(8.8 d).In contrast,water stress and P supplementation did not significantly affect any of the measured traits like DAR,DSA or fruit set.To validate these data,in a third experiment with XL containers in the spring-summer cycle,the combination of cold priming and K supplementation was tested,confirming the significant effect of this combination on the reduction of generation time(2.9 d for DSA and 3.9 d for DAR)compared to the control.Embryo rescue during the cell expansion cycle(average of 22.0 d and 23.3 d after anthesis for‘M82'and‘Moneymaker',respectively)allowed the shortening of the generation time by 8.7 d in‘M82'and 11.6 d in‘Moneymaker'compared to the in planta fruit ripening.The combination of agronomic treatments with embryo rescue can effectively increase the number of generations per year from three to four for speed breeding of tomato.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated into one of the largest crises of the 21 st Century.The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus,responsible for COVID-19,has spread rapidly all around the world.The Spanish Government was forced...The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated into one of the largest crises of the 21 st Century.The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus,responsible for COVID-19,has spread rapidly all around the world.The Spanish Government was forced to declare a nationwide lockdown in view of the rapidly spreading virus and high mortality rate in the nation.This study investigated the impact of short-term lockdown during the period from March 15th to April 12th 2020 on the atmospheric levels of CO,SO_(2),PM_(10),O_(3),and NO_(2)over 11 representative Spanish cities.The possible influence of several meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation,wind,sunlight hours,minimum and maximum pressure)on the pollutants'levels were also considered.The results obtained show that the 4-week lockdown had significant impact on reducing the atmospheric levels of NO_(2)in all cities except for the small city of Santander as well as CO,SO_(2),and PM_(10)in some cities,but resulted in increase of O_(3)level.展开更多
Trimetazidine is a drug that has been used to reduce the damage of reperfusion injury, which is a mechanism of oxidative aggression that occurs in coronary syndromes, angioplasty procedures, as well as in cardiovascul...Trimetazidine is a drug that has been used to reduce the damage of reperfusion injury, which is a mechanism of oxidative aggression that occurs in coronary syndromes, angioplasty procedures, as well as in cardiovascular surgeries. Seeking to improve myocardial protection during procedures that involve reperfusion, attention was recently turned to research on cytoprotective drugs which act on segments of cellular metabolism, used in isolation or combined to reduce or prevent damage to the cardiac cell. The aim of this review is to objectively evaluate the effects of the drug trimetazidine (TMZ) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in coronary artery bypass graft surgery by reviewing all known studies from recent years.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatic infarctions(HI)are ischemic events of the liver in which a disruption in the blood flow to the hepatocytes leads to focal ischemia and necrosis.Most HI are due to occlusive events in the liver’s bl...BACKGROUND Hepatic infarctions(HI)are ischemic events of the liver in which a disruption in the blood flow to the hepatocytes leads to focal ischemia and necrosis.Most HI are due to occlusive events in the liver’s blood vessels,but non-occlusive HI may occur.They are associated with disruption of microvasculature,such as in diabetic ketoacidosis.While HI usually presents as peripheral lesions with clear borders,irregular nodular lesions may occur,indistinguishable from liver neoplasms and presenting a diagnostic challenge.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of multiple extensive HI in a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus,who first presented to the emergency room with diabetic ketoacidosis.He then developed jaundice,thrombocytopenia,and a marked elevation of serum aminotransferases.An ultrasound of the liver showed the presence of multiple irregular lesions.Further investigation with a computerized tomography scan confirmed the presence of multiple hypoattenuating nodules with irregular borders and heterogeneous appearance.These lesions were considered highly suggestive of a primary neoplasm of the liver.While the patient was clinically stable,his bilirubin levels remained persistently elevated,and he underwent an ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of the largest lesion.Biopsy results revealed extensive ischemic necrosis of hepatocytes,with no signs of associated malignancy.Three months after the symptoms,the patient showed great improvement in all clinical and laboratory parameters and extensive regression of the lesions on imaging exams.CONCLUSION This case highlights that diabetic ketoacidosis can cause non-occlusive HI,possibly presenting as nodular lesions indistinguishable from neoplasms.展开更多
Objectives: To relate the presence of the active secondary metabolites in the pharmacological actions and the therapeuticeffects of the plants. Methods: Search about the topic in the last 5 years and present some acti...Objectives: To relate the presence of the active secondary metabolites in the pharmacological actions and the therapeuticeffects of the plants. Methods: Search about the topic in the last 5 years and present some active secondary metabolites that explainthe pharmacological actions and therapeutic effects of medicinal plants. Conclusions: It was based on the search of articles in theVirtual Library in Health (Spanish: BVS) and using the key words: secondary metabolites, phytotherapy, medicinal plants.展开更多
Objectives:To relate the symptoms of menopause and the use of medicinal plants.Methods:it was carried out a study that applied the qualitative method,by means of a bibliographical and documental revision in sources of...Objectives:To relate the symptoms of menopause and the use of medicinal plants.Methods:it was carried out a study that applied the qualitative method,by means of a bibliographical and documental revision in sources of digital data of wide reach(Google,SciELO,DOAJ,Latindex and SCOPUS).It was kept in mind the quality and the present time.Conclusions:It was based on the search of articles in Virtual the Library in Health(Spanish:BVS)and using the key words:menopause,medicinal plants,phytotherapy,menopause symptoms.展开更多
Objective:To relate the presence of active metabolites with therapeutic effects of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic,as well as its contraindications and adverse reactions and its use as condiment.Metho...Objective:To relate the presence of active metabolites with therapeutic effects of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic,as well as its contraindications and adverse reactions and its use as condiment.Methods:Searching about the topic in the last 5 years and present a general view of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic.Conclusions:Technological prevision was based on the search of articles in the Virtual Library in Health(BVS)and using the key words“medicinal plants”/“spice”/Allium sativum L/garlic/adverse reactions and contraindications,and the association among them.展开更多
The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes induced by isolated soy protein (ISP)-based diet on glycemia and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats (35 ± 4 g, aged 21 d...The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes induced by isolated soy protein (ISP)-based diet on glycemia and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats (35 ± 4 g, aged 21 days) were assigned to three groups: Casein (C group), which received casein-based diet during experimental protocol;Diabetic treated with Casein (D + C group) that received casein-based diet before and after diabetes induction;Diabetic treated with ISP (D + S group) that received casein-based diet before diabetes induction and after received ISP-based diet for the experimental protocol. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight i.v.). After three weeks of dietary treatment, total nitrates, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in heart homogenates. ISP-based diet promoted an improvement in the glycemic levels of diabetic rats compared with casein-based diet (362 ± 25 vs 461 ± 30 mg/dL). CAT activity demonstrated a significant decrease in D + C and D + S groups. D + S group presented a significant increase in SOD and GST activities. Lipid peroxidation was not different among experimental groups. The overall results suggested the potential benefits of ISP-based diet consumption to improve the life quality of diabetic patients.展开更多
Electrogastrograghy (EGG) was performed in 33 patients with Chagas’disease and in 15 healthy volunteers-control group. The EGG was performed in two different periods: in fasting and postprandial. The EGG was submitte...Electrogastrograghy (EGG) was performed in 33 patients with Chagas’disease and in 15 healthy volunteers-control group. The EGG was performed in two different periods: in fasting and postprandial. The EGG was submitted to a continuous spectral analysis. The following parameters were evaluated: %dominant frequency in spectral bands: normogastria (2-4 cpm), bradygastria (1-2 cpm), tachygastria (4-10 cpm) and duod/resp (10-15 cpm). EGG was considered normal if normogastria >65%in both EGG periods. The chagasic group showed %normogastria significantly lower (basal, P < 0.01), %bradygastria (basal, P=0.01) and %tachygastria (basal and postprandial, P =.001) significantly higher than the control group. EGG was normal in 14/15 (93%) in control group ×16/33 (53%) in chagasic group (P < 0.05). It was concluded that: 1) the prevalence of gastric dysrhythmias was higher in chagasic patients than in comparison to a control group 2) gastric dysrhythmias may be considered one of the abnormalities presented in the chagasic gastropathy.展开更多
Heart trauma caused by a firearm projectile is the most fatal of cardiac injuries due to the great potential for death. The increase in the number of cases in recent years is observed, due to the greater urban violenc...Heart trauma caused by a firearm projectile is the most fatal of cardiac injuries due to the great potential for death. The increase in the number of cases in recent years is observed, due to the greater urban violence. We report the case of a patient, a victim of firearm perforation, who suffered a cardiac transfixing lesion, with clinical presentation and with an unusual cardiac injury, operated at our service with success.展开更多
Organic olericulture differs from conventional agriculture due to the absence of pesticide, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, some food additives and ionizing radiation, producing vegetables with ...Organic olericulture differs from conventional agriculture due to the absence of pesticide, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, some food additives and ionizing radiation, producing vegetables with a different chemical composition and with different amounts of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to quantify, in organic vegetables consumed in Brazil, the amount of total phenolic compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the antioxidant activity through DPPH method. Among the analyzed vegetables, the effectiveness in the antioxidant capacity was obtained in decreasing order, by the broccoli (69.35), kale (63.20), cabbage (35.72) and carrot (20.39), expressed in % of DPPH consumption after 30 minutes of reaction. The amount of total phenolic compounds (mg GAE/ml of fluid extract-FE) present in the kale (0.606), broccoli (0.511), cabbage (0.214) and carrots (0.124) demonstrates a positive correlation between phenolic amounts and the antioxidant activity of the vegetables analyzed.展开更多
Background: Organic cellular inflammatory response constitutes a pathophysiological mechanism present in all Coronary Artery Bypass Graftings (CABGs). In this aspect, the organism brings forth its defenses through ans...Background: Organic cellular inflammatory response constitutes a pathophysiological mechanism present in all Coronary Artery Bypass Graftings (CABGs). In this aspect, the organism brings forth its defenses through answers that involve cellular components. Objectives: To evaluate, in a randomized double-blind prospective study, controlled with placebo, the effects of trimetazidine (Tmz) on cellular response, analyzed through the variation of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes. Patients and Method: 30 patients were randomly selected to be studied, with no more than a mild ventricular dysfunction, and divided into two groups (Tmz and placebo) stratified by echocardiography and receiving medication/placebo in a 60 mg/day dose. The samples of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes were obtained in the pre-operatory day without medication, at surgery day with 12 to 15 days of medication/placebo, with 5 minutes after the aortic declamping, and within 12, 24 and 48 hours after surgery. Results: The leukocytes and neutrophils levels have decreased significantly in the treated group when compared to the control group, in all analyzed moments (p = 0.012;p = 0.005). Conclusions and Clinical Implications: Trimetazidine has proved to reduce significantly the levels of total leukocytes and neutrophils in patients submitted to CABG.展开更多
BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric artery syndrome(SMAS)is a rare condition,characterized by duodenal obstruction caused by compression of its third part by the superior mesenteric artery(SMA).Most cases of SMAS are assoc...BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric artery syndrome(SMAS)is a rare condition,characterized by duodenal obstruction caused by compression of its third part by the superior mesenteric artery(SMA).Most cases of SMAS are associated with weight loss,and the most frequent clinical manifestations are nausea,vomiting,postprandial fullness,and abdominal pain.Treatment of SMAS is usually conservative,consisting mainly of adequate nutritional support,but in refractory cases surgery may be necessary,with gastrojejunostomy and duodenojejunostomy being the most commonly performed procedures.CASE SUMMARY We describe the case of a man in his forties with a pre-existing diagnosis of esophageal stricture due to sodium hydroxide ingestion,who suffered significant weight loss after replacement of his jejunostomy tube.He was admitted to the hospital due to pain and abdominal distension.A computerized tomography scan showed significant distension of the stomach and duodenum with narrowing of the duodenum at the point at which it is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery,thus establishing the diagnosis of SMAS.Due to the presence of the esophageal stricture,the patient was incapable of emesis;however,passage of a nasogastric tube for decompression was not possible.Considering the risk of gastric perforation due to distention,we opted for surgical treatment in the form of a surgical gastrojejunostomy after which he showed complete resolution of all symptoms and was discharged from the hospital 5 d after the procedure.CONCLUSION Diagnosis of SMAS can be challenging in patients with esophageal stenosis,and risk of gastric perforation may preclude conservative treatment.展开更多
Objective: To expose the likely impact of genetically modified foods in Collective Feeding. Methods: This was a case study conducted on a steel company (SC) in Rio de Janeiro State. The likely impact recognition began...Objective: To expose the likely impact of genetically modified foods in Collective Feeding. Methods: This was a case study conducted on a steel company (SC) in Rio de Janeiro State. The likely impact recognition began with the preparation of a soy food products’ list. Then, we verified these products’ frequency on the Food and Nutrition Unit (FNU) menu from the SC, outlining the offer profile. We calculated odds ratios and binomial distribution probability for assessing exposure to soy that may be transgenic. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) regarding soy products was applied. The convergence of daily products’ relative frequency of this population and the population from a reference study about FFQ validation in Rio de Janeiro was verified. Confrontation took place between the classification of foods by the consumers’ likely exposure to soy and the percentage deviation between observed relative frequency of products’ intake offered on the FNU and on the reference study. Results: A list of 51 products were created and 16 of them integrated the menu, e.g. flour, chicken, sausage, maize, instant pudding, bologna, hot dogs and peanuts. Food usually consumed by FNU users and concomitantly consumed in reference study were cookies, flour, spaghetti, bread, cake, instant pudding, sausage and hot dogs. By the classification and percentage deviations results, cookies, breads and pasta were the “villains” of soy’s susceptibility. Coclusion: It was possible to show the likely impact of genetically modified foods in Collective Feeding, confirming that these consumers were exposed to soybeans that may be transgenic.展开更多
文摘AIM:To assess the vitamin A status of patients with Crohn's disease(CD) by evaluating serum retinol levels and the relative dose response(RDR) test(liver retinol stores).METHODS:Vitamin A nutritional status was measured by serum retinol obtained by high performance liquid chromatography and the RDR test for evaluation of the hepatic stores.Body composition was performed by densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Vitamin A dietary intake was assessed from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.RESULTS:This study included 38 CD patients and 33 controls.Low serum retinol concentrations were detected in 29% of CD patients vs 15% in controls(P < 0.005).The RDR test was positive in 37% of CD patients vs 12% in controls,which indicated inadequate hepatic vitamin A stores(P < 0.005).Individuals with hypovitaminosis A had lower BMI and body fat compared with those without this deficiency.There was no association between vitamin A deficiency and its dietary intake,ileal location,presence of disease activity and prior bowel resections.CONCLUSION:Patients with CD have higher prevalence of vitamin A deficiency,as assessed by two independent methods.
文摘This study aimed to evaluate energy and nutritional densities, water, carbon and ecological footprints, cost, of omnivorous and vegan main courses served in a university restaurant in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 40 main dish-type preparations, 20 of which are omnivorous and 20 vegans, served at lunch, to assess energy and nutritional densities, carbon, water and ecological footprints and cost of preparations. We propose a healthy and sustainable preparation index (HSPI) to evaluate from the list, the best preparation options considering the nutritional quality combined with the impact that the food causes on the environment. Preparations with the highest HSPI were considered the best options because they have a good relation between the nutritional profile and the environmental impact. Results: Regarding energy (ED), nutritional (ND) densities and water, carbon and ecological footprints, omnivorous preparations presented much higher values when compared to the vegan ones. The omnivorous preparations had the highest average cost (R$ 3.44). Regarding the HSPI, vegan preparations showed better rates than omnivorous preparations. Food services should promote healthy and sustainable choices by offering menus with low energy density preparations, high nutritional density, and low environmental impact, considering local realities and customer needs. Conclusion: This study was able to evaluate the best preparation options, considering the nutritional profile and the food impact on the environment, using health and sustainable indicators. Obtaining indicators of preparations regarding healthiness and sustainability, in practice, translates environmental aspects in menu planning, which contribute to changes in food consumption patterns in food services, in addition to contributing to the reduction of the environmental impact. In this way, they can be used as tools added to the menu planning process for the analysis of the environmental impact of menus, in addition to nutritional and qualitative aspects.
文摘Objective:To relate physiologic changes and presence of illnesses in older adults,with the risk of appearance of adverse reactions and pharmacological interactions as consequence of the use of medicinal plants.Methods:To carry out a search in the last 5 years and to present a general vision about what have been published related to the use of medicinal plants with risk of appearance of adverse reactions and interactions in older adults.Conclusions:Technological prevision based on the search of articles in the Virtual Library in Health(BVS)and using the words key“medicinal plants”,“older adult”,“pharmacokinetics”,“adverse reactions”,“elderly”,“pharmacological interactions”,and the association among them.
基金the financial support from the Brazilian funding agencies CNPq(301486/2016-6)FAEPEX(2426/17)+7 种基金FAPESP(2020/04431-0,2020/04281-8,2016/25082-8,2017/11986-5,2017/11958-1,2014/02163-7,2018/20756-6,2018/02713-8)CAPES(1740195)the financial support from CNPq(Processes 131234/2020-0 and 130741/2021-3)the Fundação ao AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais(FAPEMIGCNPq for the PQ-2 grant(Process 310544/20190)the support of Shell,the strategic importance of the support given by Brazil’s National Oil,Natural Gas,and Biofuels Agency(ANP)through the R&D levy regulationthe Center for Innovation on New Energies(CINE)the LNLS/CNPEM。
文摘Electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)consist of energy storage devices that present high-power and moderate energy density.The electrolyte and electrode physicochemical properties are crucial for improving their overall energy storage capabilities.Therefore,the stability of the EDLCs’materials is the primary focus of this study.Since energy storage depends on the specific capacitance,and also on the square of the maximum capacitive cell voltage(UMCV).Thus,electrodes with high specific surface area(SSA)and electrolytes with excellent electrochemical stability are commonly reported in the literature.Aqueous electrolytes are safer and green devices compared to other organic-based solutions.On the other hand,their UMCVis reduced compared to other electrolytes(e.g.,organic-based and ionic liquids).In this sense,spanning the UMCVfor aqueous-based electrolytes is a’hot topic’research.Unfortunately,the lack of protocols to establish reliable UMCVvalues has culminated in the publishing of several conflicting results.Herein,we confirm that multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)housed in cells degrade and produce CO_(2) under abusive polarisation conditions.It is probed by employing electrochemical techniques,in-situ FTIR and in-situ Raman spectroscopies.From these considerations,the current study uses spectro-electrochemical techniques to support the correct determination of the electrode and electrolyte stability conditions as a function of the operating electrochemical parameters.
基金funded by the European Commission H2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the HARNESSTOM innovation action(Grant No.101000716)Grant CIPROM/2021/020(project SOLECO)funded by Conselleria d’Innovació,Universitats,Ciència i Societat Digital(Generalitat Valenciana,Spain)Pietro Gramazio received a post-doctoral fellowship(Grant No.RYC2021-031999-I)funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by“European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”。
文摘Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed breeding.We evaluated several agronomic treatments to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘M82'(determinate)and‘Moneymaker'(indeterminate)varieties and evaluated the best combination in conjunction with embryo rescue.Five container sizes with volumes of 0.2 L(XS),0.45 L(S),0.8 L(M),1.3 L(L),and6 L(XL),were evaluated in the first experiment under the autumn cycle.We found that plants grown in XL containers exhibited better development and required less time from sowing to anthesis(DSA)and from anthesis to fruit ripening(DAR).In the second experiment,using XL containers in the autumn-winter cycle,we evaluated the effects of cold priming at the cotyledonary stage,water stress,P supplementation,and K supplementation on generation time.Compared to the control,we found that cold priming significantly reduced the number of leaves,plant height to first the inflorescence,and DSA(2.7 d),whereas K supplementation reduced the DAR(8.8 d).In contrast,water stress and P supplementation did not significantly affect any of the measured traits like DAR,DSA or fruit set.To validate these data,in a third experiment with XL containers in the spring-summer cycle,the combination of cold priming and K supplementation was tested,confirming the significant effect of this combination on the reduction of generation time(2.9 d for DSA and 3.9 d for DAR)compared to the control.Embryo rescue during the cell expansion cycle(average of 22.0 d and 23.3 d after anthesis for‘M82'and‘Moneymaker',respectively)allowed the shortening of the generation time by 8.7 d in‘M82'and 11.6 d in‘Moneymaker'compared to the in planta fruit ripening.The combination of agronomic treatments with embryo rescue can effectively increase the number of generations per year from three to four for speed breeding of tomato.
基金Financial support was received from the Universitat de València for the VLC-CAMPUS“Atraccióde Talent”PhD fellowship(awarded to C.B-S)the Fundación Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir through Grant 2019–231–003UCV(awarded toá.S-A)。
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated into one of the largest crises of the 21 st Century.The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus,responsible for COVID-19,has spread rapidly all around the world.The Spanish Government was forced to declare a nationwide lockdown in view of the rapidly spreading virus and high mortality rate in the nation.This study investigated the impact of short-term lockdown during the period from March 15th to April 12th 2020 on the atmospheric levels of CO,SO_(2),PM_(10),O_(3),and NO_(2)over 11 representative Spanish cities.The possible influence of several meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation,wind,sunlight hours,minimum and maximum pressure)on the pollutants'levels were also considered.The results obtained show that the 4-week lockdown had significant impact on reducing the atmospheric levels of NO_(2)in all cities except for the small city of Santander as well as CO,SO_(2),and PM_(10)in some cities,but resulted in increase of O_(3)level.
文摘Trimetazidine is a drug that has been used to reduce the damage of reperfusion injury, which is a mechanism of oxidative aggression that occurs in coronary syndromes, angioplasty procedures, as well as in cardiovascular surgeries. Seeking to improve myocardial protection during procedures that involve reperfusion, attention was recently turned to research on cytoprotective drugs which act on segments of cellular metabolism, used in isolation or combined to reduce or prevent damage to the cardiac cell. The aim of this review is to objectively evaluate the effects of the drug trimetazidine (TMZ) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in coronary artery bypass graft surgery by reviewing all known studies from recent years.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatic infarctions(HI)are ischemic events of the liver in which a disruption in the blood flow to the hepatocytes leads to focal ischemia and necrosis.Most HI are due to occlusive events in the liver’s blood vessels,but non-occlusive HI may occur.They are associated with disruption of microvasculature,such as in diabetic ketoacidosis.While HI usually presents as peripheral lesions with clear borders,irregular nodular lesions may occur,indistinguishable from liver neoplasms and presenting a diagnostic challenge.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of multiple extensive HI in a patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus,who first presented to the emergency room with diabetic ketoacidosis.He then developed jaundice,thrombocytopenia,and a marked elevation of serum aminotransferases.An ultrasound of the liver showed the presence of multiple irregular lesions.Further investigation with a computerized tomography scan confirmed the presence of multiple hypoattenuating nodules with irregular borders and heterogeneous appearance.These lesions were considered highly suggestive of a primary neoplasm of the liver.While the patient was clinically stable,his bilirubin levels remained persistently elevated,and he underwent an ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of the largest lesion.Biopsy results revealed extensive ischemic necrosis of hepatocytes,with no signs of associated malignancy.Three months after the symptoms,the patient showed great improvement in all clinical and laboratory parameters and extensive regression of the lesions on imaging exams.CONCLUSION This case highlights that diabetic ketoacidosis can cause non-occlusive HI,possibly presenting as nodular lesions indistinguishable from neoplasms.
文摘Objectives: To relate the presence of the active secondary metabolites in the pharmacological actions and the therapeuticeffects of the plants. Methods: Search about the topic in the last 5 years and present some active secondary metabolites that explainthe pharmacological actions and therapeutic effects of medicinal plants. Conclusions: It was based on the search of articles in theVirtual Library in Health (Spanish: BVS) and using the key words: secondary metabolites, phytotherapy, medicinal plants.
文摘Objectives:To relate the symptoms of menopause and the use of medicinal plants.Methods:it was carried out a study that applied the qualitative method,by means of a bibliographical and documental revision in sources of digital data of wide reach(Google,SciELO,DOAJ,Latindex and SCOPUS).It was kept in mind the quality and the present time.Conclusions:It was based on the search of articles in Virtual the Library in Health(Spanish:BVS)and using the key words:menopause,medicinal plants,phytotherapy,menopause symptoms.
文摘Objective:To relate the presence of active metabolites with therapeutic effects of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic,as well as its contraindications and adverse reactions and its use as condiment.Methods:Searching about the topic in the last 5 years and present a general view of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic.Conclusions:Technological prevision was based on the search of articles in the Virtual Library in Health(BVS)and using the key words“medicinal plants”/“spice”/Allium sativum L/garlic/adverse reactions and contraindications,and the association among them.
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes induced by isolated soy protein (ISP)-based diet on glycemia and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats (35 ± 4 g, aged 21 days) were assigned to three groups: Casein (C group), which received casein-based diet during experimental protocol;Diabetic treated with Casein (D + C group) that received casein-based diet before and after diabetes induction;Diabetic treated with ISP (D + S group) that received casein-based diet before diabetes induction and after received ISP-based diet for the experimental protocol. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight i.v.). After three weeks of dietary treatment, total nitrates, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were measured in heart homogenates. ISP-based diet promoted an improvement in the glycemic levels of diabetic rats compared with casein-based diet (362 ± 25 vs 461 ± 30 mg/dL). CAT activity demonstrated a significant decrease in D + C and D + S groups. D + S group presented a significant increase in SOD and GST activities. Lipid peroxidation was not different among experimental groups. The overall results suggested the potential benefits of ISP-based diet consumption to improve the life quality of diabetic patients.
文摘Electrogastrograghy (EGG) was performed in 33 patients with Chagas’disease and in 15 healthy volunteers-control group. The EGG was performed in two different periods: in fasting and postprandial. The EGG was submitted to a continuous spectral analysis. The following parameters were evaluated: %dominant frequency in spectral bands: normogastria (2-4 cpm), bradygastria (1-2 cpm), tachygastria (4-10 cpm) and duod/resp (10-15 cpm). EGG was considered normal if normogastria >65%in both EGG periods. The chagasic group showed %normogastria significantly lower (basal, P < 0.01), %bradygastria (basal, P=0.01) and %tachygastria (basal and postprandial, P =.001) significantly higher than the control group. EGG was normal in 14/15 (93%) in control group ×16/33 (53%) in chagasic group (P < 0.05). It was concluded that: 1) the prevalence of gastric dysrhythmias was higher in chagasic patients than in comparison to a control group 2) gastric dysrhythmias may be considered one of the abnormalities presented in the chagasic gastropathy.
文摘Heart trauma caused by a firearm projectile is the most fatal of cardiac injuries due to the great potential for death. The increase in the number of cases in recent years is observed, due to the greater urban violence. We report the case of a patient, a victim of firearm perforation, who suffered a cardiac transfixing lesion, with clinical presentation and with an unusual cardiac injury, operated at our service with success.
基金FAPERJ(Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro)for the financial support.
文摘Organic olericulture differs from conventional agriculture due to the absence of pesticide, synthetic fertilizers, genetically modified organisms, some food additives and ionizing radiation, producing vegetables with a different chemical composition and with different amounts of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to quantify, in organic vegetables consumed in Brazil, the amount of total phenolic compounds using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the antioxidant activity through DPPH method. Among the analyzed vegetables, the effectiveness in the antioxidant capacity was obtained in decreasing order, by the broccoli (69.35), kale (63.20), cabbage (35.72) and carrot (20.39), expressed in % of DPPH consumption after 30 minutes of reaction. The amount of total phenolic compounds (mg GAE/ml of fluid extract-FE) present in the kale (0.606), broccoli (0.511), cabbage (0.214) and carrots (0.124) demonstrates a positive correlation between phenolic amounts and the antioxidant activity of the vegetables analyzed.
文摘Background: Organic cellular inflammatory response constitutes a pathophysiological mechanism present in all Coronary Artery Bypass Graftings (CABGs). In this aspect, the organism brings forth its defenses through answers that involve cellular components. Objectives: To evaluate, in a randomized double-blind prospective study, controlled with placebo, the effects of trimetazidine (Tmz) on cellular response, analyzed through the variation of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes. Patients and Method: 30 patients were randomly selected to be studied, with no more than a mild ventricular dysfunction, and divided into two groups (Tmz and placebo) stratified by echocardiography and receiving medication/placebo in a 60 mg/day dose. The samples of leukocytes, neutrophils and monocytes were obtained in the pre-operatory day without medication, at surgery day with 12 to 15 days of medication/placebo, with 5 minutes after the aortic declamping, and within 12, 24 and 48 hours after surgery. Results: The leukocytes and neutrophils levels have decreased significantly in the treated group when compared to the control group, in all analyzed moments (p = 0.012;p = 0.005). Conclusions and Clinical Implications: Trimetazidine has proved to reduce significantly the levels of total leukocytes and neutrophils in patients submitted to CABG.
文摘BACKGROUND Superior mesenteric artery syndrome(SMAS)is a rare condition,characterized by duodenal obstruction caused by compression of its third part by the superior mesenteric artery(SMA).Most cases of SMAS are associated with weight loss,and the most frequent clinical manifestations are nausea,vomiting,postprandial fullness,and abdominal pain.Treatment of SMAS is usually conservative,consisting mainly of adequate nutritional support,but in refractory cases surgery may be necessary,with gastrojejunostomy and duodenojejunostomy being the most commonly performed procedures.CASE SUMMARY We describe the case of a man in his forties with a pre-existing diagnosis of esophageal stricture due to sodium hydroxide ingestion,who suffered significant weight loss after replacement of his jejunostomy tube.He was admitted to the hospital due to pain and abdominal distension.A computerized tomography scan showed significant distension of the stomach and duodenum with narrowing of the duodenum at the point at which it is crossed by the superior mesenteric artery,thus establishing the diagnosis of SMAS.Due to the presence of the esophageal stricture,the patient was incapable of emesis;however,passage of a nasogastric tube for decompression was not possible.Considering the risk of gastric perforation due to distention,we opted for surgical treatment in the form of a surgical gastrojejunostomy after which he showed complete resolution of all symptoms and was discharged from the hospital 5 d after the procedure.CONCLUSION Diagnosis of SMAS can be challenging in patients with esophageal stenosis,and risk of gastric perforation may preclude conservative treatment.
文摘Objective: To expose the likely impact of genetically modified foods in Collective Feeding. Methods: This was a case study conducted on a steel company (SC) in Rio de Janeiro State. The likely impact recognition began with the preparation of a soy food products’ list. Then, we verified these products’ frequency on the Food and Nutrition Unit (FNU) menu from the SC, outlining the offer profile. We calculated odds ratios and binomial distribution probability for assessing exposure to soy that may be transgenic. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) regarding soy products was applied. The convergence of daily products’ relative frequency of this population and the population from a reference study about FFQ validation in Rio de Janeiro was verified. Confrontation took place between the classification of foods by the consumers’ likely exposure to soy and the percentage deviation between observed relative frequency of products’ intake offered on the FNU and on the reference study. Results: A list of 51 products were created and 16 of them integrated the menu, e.g. flour, chicken, sausage, maize, instant pudding, bologna, hot dogs and peanuts. Food usually consumed by FNU users and concomitantly consumed in reference study were cookies, flour, spaghetti, bread, cake, instant pudding, sausage and hot dogs. By the classification and percentage deviations results, cookies, breads and pasta were the “villains” of soy’s susceptibility. Coclusion: It was possible to show the likely impact of genetically modified foods in Collective Feeding, confirming that these consumers were exposed to soybeans that may be transgenic.
