The incidence and prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)have continued to increase in recent years,making it one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide.MASLD is high...The incidence and prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)have continued to increase in recent years,making it one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide.MASLD is highly comorbid with obesity,type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and chronic kidney disease,posing a serious threat to public health and creating a significant medical and socioeconomic burden.Despite advances in research,current clinical practice still faces considerable challenges in early screening,risk stratification,prognostic prediction,and long-term therapeutic monitoring.Recent advances in artificial intelligence(AI)have provided transformative opportunities to address these challenges.AI has demonstrated unique advantages in imaging interpretation,multiomics integration,electronic health record analysis,and remote health management,significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the noninvasive diagnosis,individualized risk stratification,precision therapy,and dynamic disease monitoring of MASLD.In this mini-review,the latest advances in AI applications for MASLD diagnosis and management are systematically summarized,and a forward-looking perspective on the role of AI in enabling the next generation of smart health care systems for MASLD is offered,with the aim of providing theoretical and practical guidance for the clinical management of this disease.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To study the possible role of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)of Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici),Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Jinyinhua(Flos Lonicerae),and Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae)in absorpti...OBJECTIVE:To study the possible role of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)of Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici),Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Jinyinhua(Flos Lonicerae),and Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae)in absorption of lung lesions in Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.METHODS:A cohort of COVID-19 cases was recruited.During hospitalization,chest computed tomographic(CT)scan and real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)test were performed every three days.Comparison was held(Western Medicine,WM vs WM plus TCM)on absorption of lung lesions,time interval from admission to negative test result of RT-PCR(ATN),and medical expense.Multivariate cox regression models were built to identify the possible prognostic factor of delayed absorption of lung lesion.RESULTS:The medical expenditure(1163±379 vs1137±498,P=0.863)and ATN(13±4 vs 10±4,P=0.055)were comparable between cases treated with WM plus TCM and cases only received WM.Multivariate cox regression model showed that cases receiving extra TCM had lower risk of delayed absorption of lung lesions[Hazard ratio=0.24,95%confidence Interval(0.06,0.96),P=0.043].CONCLUSION:Compared to WM,the treatment of WM plus TCM facilitates the recovery of pulmonary infiltration on COVID-19 cases without significantly increasing medical expense.展开更多
Short two-dimensional compact chains adsorbed on the attractive surface at different temperatures were investigated by using the enumeration calculation method. First we investigate the chain size and shape of adsorbe...Short two-dimensional compact chains adsorbed on the attractive surface at different temperatures were investigated by using the enumeration calculation method. First we investigate the chain size and shape of adsorbed chains, such as characteristic ratios of mean-square radii of gyration 〈S^2〉x/N and 〈S^2〉y/N, shape factor 〈δ〉, and the orientation of chain bonds 〈cos^2 θ〉 to illuminate how the size and shape of adsorbed compact chains change with increasing temperatures. There are some special behaviors for the chain size and shape at low temperature, especially for strong attraction interaction. In the meantime, adsorbed compact chains have different behaviors from general adsorbed polymer chains. Some thermodynamics properties are also discussed here. Heat capacity changes non-monotonously, first increases and then reduces. The transition temperature Tc is nearly 1.0, 1.4, 2.0 and 4.2 （in the unit of To） for the case of ε = 0, -1, -2 and -4 （in the unit of kTo）, respectively. Average energy per bond increases while average Helmholtz free energy per bond decreases with increasing temperatures. From these two thermodynamics parameters we can also get another transition temperature Tc＇, and it is close to 0.7, 1.1, 1.5 and 3.4 for ε= 0, -1, -2, and -4, respectively. Therefore, Tc is greater than Tc＇ under the same condition. These investigations may provide some insights into the thermodynamics behaviors of adsorbed protein-like chains.展开更多
AIM:To analyze the etiologies,disease course,clinical characteristics,and surgical management patterns of nontraumatic corneal perforation in China.METHODS:This multicenter,retrospective study reviewed medical records...AIM:To analyze the etiologies,disease course,clinical characteristics,and surgical management patterns of nontraumatic corneal perforation in China.METHODS:This multicenter,retrospective study reviewed medical records from patients with non-traumatic corneal perforation treated at 16 tertiary hospitals in China from 2019 to 2021.Data collected included demographics,etiology,disease duration,perforation location,visual acuity Non-traumatic corneal perforation on admission,and surgical procedures.RESULTS:A total of 796 eyes from 791 patients were included,comprising 271 women(34.2%)and 520 men(65.7%),with a mean age of 58.4±15.6y(range,0.38-92y).Infectious keratitis was the leading cause(62.6%),followed by postoperative complications(12.8%)and autoimmune diseases(8.7%).Fungal infections were more prevalent in rural areas,while autoimmune-related perforations were more common in females.Autoimmune cases more frequently presented with a chronic disease course and better visual acuity at admission compared to infectious causes(P<0.001).Among infectious causes,viral keratitis exhibited the highest proportion of chronic cases(65.7%).Perforation location varied significantly by etiology,with infectious cases predominantly central and autoimmune cases more often peripheral or limbal(P<0.001).Overall,88.3%of eyes presented with poor visual acuity on admission.Most eyes(90.0%)required surgical intervention.Penetrating keratoplasty was the most common procedure,especially for central perforations,while lamellar keratoplasty was preferred for peripheral and autoimmune-related cases.CONCLUSION:This nationwide,multicenter study provides a comprehensive epidemiologic characterization of non-traumatic corneal perforation.Infectious keratitis was identified as the predominant etiology.Distinct patterns in disease progression,perforation location,and surgical intervention were observed across etiologic subgroups.These findings underscore the relevance of etiologystratified assessment and support the need for tailored clinical management strategies.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have long been highly regarded for their crystalline order,structural modularity,and precisely defined porosity.Metal nodes and organic linkers form ordered lattices with defined pores,en...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have long been highly regarded for their crystalline order,structural modularity,and precisely defined porosity.Metal nodes and organic linkers form ordered lattices with defined pores,enabling predictable adsorp-tion and transport processes.Traditionally,research on MOFs has primarily focused on established fields such as molecular adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis[1,2]展开更多
基金Supported by Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.24PJD071National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82100605Star Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,No.YG2021QN54.
文摘The incidence and prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)have continued to increase in recent years,making it one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide.MASLD is highly comorbid with obesity,type 2 diabetes,cardiovascular disease,and chronic kidney disease,posing a serious threat to public health and creating a significant medical and socioeconomic burden.Despite advances in research,current clinical practice still faces considerable challenges in early screening,risk stratification,prognostic prediction,and long-term therapeutic monitoring.Recent advances in artificial intelligence(AI)have provided transformative opportunities to address these challenges.AI has demonstrated unique advantages in imaging interpretation,multiomics integration,electronic health record analysis,and remote health management,significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of the noninvasive diagnosis,individualized risk stratification,precision therapy,and dynamic disease monitoring of MASLD.In this mini-review,the latest advances in AI applications for MASLD diagnosis and management are systematically summarized,and a forward-looking perspective on the role of AI in enabling the next generation of smart health care systems for MASLD is offered,with the aim of providing theoretical and practical guidance for the clinical management of this disease.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To study the possible role of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)of Huangqi(Radix Astragali Mongolici),Gancao(Radix Glycyrrhizae),Jinyinhua(Flos Lonicerae),and Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae)in absorption of lung lesions in Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.METHODS:A cohort of COVID-19 cases was recruited.During hospitalization,chest computed tomographic(CT)scan and real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)test were performed every three days.Comparison was held(Western Medicine,WM vs WM plus TCM)on absorption of lung lesions,time interval from admission to negative test result of RT-PCR(ATN),and medical expense.Multivariate cox regression models were built to identify the possible prognostic factor of delayed absorption of lung lesion.RESULTS:The medical expenditure(1163±379 vs1137±498,P=0.863)and ATN(13±4 vs 10±4,P=0.055)were comparable between cases treated with WM plus TCM and cases only received WM.Multivariate cox regression model showed that cases receiving extra TCM had lower risk of delayed absorption of lung lesions[Hazard ratio=0.24,95%confidence Interval(0.06,0.96),P=0.043].CONCLUSION:Compared to WM,the treatment of WM plus TCM facilitates the recovery of pulmonary infiltration on COVID-19 cases without significantly increasing medical expense.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20174036, 20274040, 20574052)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No. R404047)
文摘Short two-dimensional compact chains adsorbed on the attractive surface at different temperatures were investigated by using the enumeration calculation method. First we investigate the chain size and shape of adsorbed chains, such as characteristic ratios of mean-square radii of gyration 〈S^2〉x/N and 〈S^2〉y/N, shape factor 〈δ〉, and the orientation of chain bonds 〈cos^2 θ〉 to illuminate how the size and shape of adsorbed compact chains change with increasing temperatures. There are some special behaviors for the chain size and shape at low temperature, especially for strong attraction interaction. In the meantime, adsorbed compact chains have different behaviors from general adsorbed polymer chains. Some thermodynamics properties are also discussed here. Heat capacity changes non-monotonously, first increases and then reduces. The transition temperature Tc is nearly 1.0, 1.4, 2.0 and 4.2 （in the unit of To） for the case of ε = 0, -1, -2 and -4 （in the unit of kTo）, respectively. Average energy per bond increases while average Helmholtz free energy per bond decreases with increasing temperatures. From these two thermodynamics parameters we can also get another transition temperature Tc＇, and it is close to 0.7, 1.1, 1.5 and 3.4 for ε= 0, -1, -2, and -4, respectively. Therefore, Tc is greater than Tc＇ under the same condition. These investigations may provide some insights into the thermodynamics behaviors of adsorbed protein-like chains.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC0840708)the Zhejiang Province Leading Geese Plan(No.2024C03206)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Project of Wenzhou Municipality(No.Y20211005)the Centralized Guided Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project of China(No.ZYYD2024CG16)the Ningbo Top Medical and Health Research Program(No.2023030716).
文摘AIM:To analyze the etiologies,disease course,clinical characteristics,and surgical management patterns of nontraumatic corneal perforation in China.METHODS:This multicenter,retrospective study reviewed medical records from patients with non-traumatic corneal perforation treated at 16 tertiary hospitals in China from 2019 to 2021.Data collected included demographics,etiology,disease duration,perforation location,visual acuity Non-traumatic corneal perforation on admission,and surgical procedures.RESULTS:A total of 796 eyes from 791 patients were included,comprising 271 women(34.2%)and 520 men(65.7%),with a mean age of 58.4±15.6y(range,0.38-92y).Infectious keratitis was the leading cause(62.6%),followed by postoperative complications(12.8%)and autoimmune diseases(8.7%).Fungal infections were more prevalent in rural areas,while autoimmune-related perforations were more common in females.Autoimmune cases more frequently presented with a chronic disease course and better visual acuity at admission compared to infectious causes(P<0.001).Among infectious causes,viral keratitis exhibited the highest proportion of chronic cases(65.7%).Perforation location varied significantly by etiology,with infectious cases predominantly central and autoimmune cases more often peripheral or limbal(P<0.001).Overall,88.3%of eyes presented with poor visual acuity on admission.Most eyes(90.0%)required surgical intervention.Penetrating keratoplasty was the most common procedure,especially for central perforations,while lamellar keratoplasty was preferred for peripheral and autoimmune-related cases.CONCLUSION:This nationwide,multicenter study provides a comprehensive epidemiologic characterization of non-traumatic corneal perforation.Infectious keratitis was identified as the predominant etiology.Distinct patterns in disease progression,perforation location,and surgical intervention were observed across etiologic subgroups.These findings underscore the relevance of etiologystratified assessment and support the need for tailored clinical management strategies.
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have long been highly regarded for their crystalline order,structural modularity,and precisely defined porosity.Metal nodes and organic linkers form ordered lattices with defined pores,enabling predictable adsorp-tion and transport processes.Traditionally,research on MOFs has primarily focused on established fields such as molecular adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis[1,2]
