In this article, possible consequences of the Volga-Caspian water ecosystems change as a result of climatic changes are stated according to the data scenarios of Worldwide Meteorological Organization.
The report presents an analysis of a unique data set demonstrating the influence of geocryological processes on the 75-km Chara-China Railway track(northern Transbaikal region).The originality of these investigations ...The report presents an analysis of a unique data set demonstrating the influence of geocryological processes on the 75-km Chara-China Railway track(northern Transbaikal region).The originality of these investigations lies in the study of the influence of natural processes on the road in the absence of any repair works or protective and compensating measures for a long period of time(1998~2014).These conditions allowed assessment of the actual damage to the railroad.展开更多
High mountain areas provide water resources for a large share of the world＇s population. The ongoing deglaciation of these areas is resulting in great instability of mountainous headwater regions, which could signifi...High mountain areas provide water resources for a large share of the world＇s population. The ongoing deglaciation of these areas is resulting in great instability of mountainous headwater regions, which could significantly affect water supply and intensify dangerous hydrological processes. The hydrological processes in mountains are still poorly understood due to the complexity of the natural conditions, great spatial variation and a lack of observation. A knowledge of flow-forming processes in alpine areas is essential to predict future possible trends in hydrological conditions and to calculate river runoff characteristics. The goal of this study is to gain detailed field data on various components of natural hydrological processes in the alpine areas of the North Caucasus and Central Tien Shan, and to investigate the possibility that the isotopic method can reveal important regularities of river flow formation in these regions. The study is based on field observations in representative alpine river basins in the North Caucasus （the Dzhankuat river basin） and the Central Tien Shan （the Chon-Kyzyl-Suu river basin） during 2013-2015. A mixing-model approach was used to conduct river hydrograph separation. Isotope methods were used to estimate the contribution of different nourishment sources in total runoff and its regime. ~80, ~D and mineralization were used as indicators. Two equation systems for the study sites were derived： in terms of water routing and runoff genesis. The Dzhankuat and Chon-Kyzyl-Suu river hydrographs were separated into 4 components： liquid precipitation/meltwaters, surface routed/subsurface routed waters.展开更多
Surrogate measures are becoming increasingly used to measure suspended sediment flux,but only few particular computer techniques of data processing are recently developed.This study demonstrates capabilities of acoust...Surrogate measures are becoming increasingly used to measure suspended sediment flux,but only few particular computer techniques of data processing are recently developed.This study demonstrates capabilities of acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs)to infer information regarding suspended-sand concentrations in river systems and calculate suspended sediment flux via big data analytics which includes process of analyzing and data mining of measurements based on ADCP signal backscatter intensity data.We present here specific codes done by R language using RStudio software with open-source tidyverse and plotly packages aimed to generate tables containing data of suspended load for cells,verticals and whole cross-section based on backscattering values from 600 kH Teledyne RDInstruments RioGrande WorkHorse ADCP unit,as well perform estimates of morphometric,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)and velocity characteristics of the flow.The developed tools enabled to process large data array consisting of over 56,526,480 geo-referenced values of river depth,streamflow velocity,and backscatter intensity for each river cross-section measured at six case study sites in Russia.展开更多
The Pechora is the greatest river of the European Russian Arctic,flowing into the Barents Sea.Its estuarine area includes a vast delta,represented by extensive lowlands that are dissected by the complicated network of...The Pechora is the greatest river of the European Russian Arctic,flowing into the Barents Sea.Its estuarine area includes a vast delta,represented by extensive lowlands that are dissected by the complicated network of arms and branches.Despite the Pechora Delta is considered to be microtidal,tides with a range of 0.5-1 m during the low water period have a significant impact on the nature of currents in the main branches and the distribution of runoff among them during the tidal cycle.Tidal sea level fluctuations as well as storm surges determine the reversing pattern of currents over a significant extent of the delta branches.The modern field equipment combined with 2D hydrodynamic modeling has allowed to understand the contemporary flow features and evaluate their possible alterations under climate changes.The climate impact under considered scenarios is more pronounced during the low flow period,and this can lead to the propagation of tidal currents and an increase in water levels in the city of Naryan-Mar(100 km upstream from the mouth).From a flood risk perspective,sea level rise can be offset by a reduction in flood runoff.展开更多
文摘In this article, possible consequences of the Volga-Caspian water ecosystems change as a result of climatic changes are stated according to the data scenarios of Worldwide Meteorological Organization.
基金financial support of the Russian Fund of Basic Researches #1605-00200
文摘The report presents an analysis of a unique data set demonstrating the influence of geocryological processes on the 75-km Chara-China Railway track(northern Transbaikal region).The originality of these investigations lies in the study of the influence of natural processes on the road in the absence of any repair works or protective and compensating measures for a long period of time(1998~2014).These conditions allowed assessment of the actual damage to the railroad.
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research （project No. 16-35-60042 methodology of the study, equipment and calculations, project No. 15-05-00599a field observations, equipment）, Russian Science Foundation （project No. 14-17-00155 hydrochemical analysis and sensitivity tests）.
文摘High mountain areas provide water resources for a large share of the world＇s population. The ongoing deglaciation of these areas is resulting in great instability of mountainous headwater regions, which could significantly affect water supply and intensify dangerous hydrological processes. The hydrological processes in mountains are still poorly understood due to the complexity of the natural conditions, great spatial variation and a lack of observation. A knowledge of flow-forming processes in alpine areas is essential to predict future possible trends in hydrological conditions and to calculate river runoff characteristics. The goal of this study is to gain detailed field data on various components of natural hydrological processes in the alpine areas of the North Caucasus and Central Tien Shan, and to investigate the possibility that the isotopic method can reveal important regularities of river flow formation in these regions. The study is based on field observations in representative alpine river basins in the North Caucasus （the Dzhankuat river basin） and the Central Tien Shan （the Chon-Kyzyl-Suu river basin） during 2013-2015. A mixing-model approach was used to conduct river hydrograph separation. Isotope methods were used to estimate the contribution of different nourishment sources in total runoff and its regime. ~80, ~D and mineralization were used as indicators. Two equation systems for the study sites were derived： in terms of water routing and runoff genesis. The Dzhankuat and Chon-Kyzyl-Suu river hydrographs were separated into 4 components： liquid precipitation/meltwaters, surface routed/subsurface routed waters.
基金support(project 21-17-00181).Additionally,field studies at the Selenga River were supported by Russian Fund for Basic Research(project 18-05-60219)field studies at the Lena River-by Russian Scientific Foundation support(project 21-17-00181)+1 种基金field studies at the Moscow River catchment-within Scientific Foundation project 19-77-30004The analytical experiments were supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation under the Agreement 075-15-2021-574.Also,this paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.BIG EARTH DATA 521。
文摘Surrogate measures are becoming increasingly used to measure suspended sediment flux,but only few particular computer techniques of data processing are recently developed.This study demonstrates capabilities of acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs)to infer information regarding suspended-sand concentrations in river systems and calculate suspended sediment flux via big data analytics which includes process of analyzing and data mining of measurements based on ADCP signal backscatter intensity data.We present here specific codes done by R language using RStudio software with open-source tidyverse and plotly packages aimed to generate tables containing data of suspended load for cells,verticals and whole cross-section based on backscattering values from 600 kH Teledyne RDInstruments RioGrande WorkHorse ADCP unit,as well perform estimates of morphometric,suspended sediment concentration(SSC)and velocity characteristics of the flow.The developed tools enabled to process large data array consisting of over 56,526,480 geo-referenced values of river depth,streamflow velocity,and backscatter intensity for each river cross-section measured at six case study sites in Russia.
基金supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(Projects No.18-05-60021)supported by Governmental Assignments to the Water Problems Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences(FMWZ-2022-0001)+1 种基金Dept.of Hydrology,Faculty of Geography,Lomonosov Moscow State University(I.10)The scenarios of Pechora runoff changes were developed under support of RSF№24-17-00084.
文摘The Pechora is the greatest river of the European Russian Arctic,flowing into the Barents Sea.Its estuarine area includes a vast delta,represented by extensive lowlands that are dissected by the complicated network of arms and branches.Despite the Pechora Delta is considered to be microtidal,tides with a range of 0.5-1 m during the low water period have a significant impact on the nature of currents in the main branches and the distribution of runoff among them during the tidal cycle.Tidal sea level fluctuations as well as storm surges determine the reversing pattern of currents over a significant extent of the delta branches.The modern field equipment combined with 2D hydrodynamic modeling has allowed to understand the contemporary flow features and evaluate their possible alterations under climate changes.The climate impact under considered scenarios is more pronounced during the low flow period,and this can lead to the propagation of tidal currents and an increase in water levels in the city of Naryan-Mar(100 km upstream from the mouth).From a flood risk perspective,sea level rise can be offset by a reduction in flood runoff.
