Biosolids were applied with urea to produce a granulated organo-mineral fertiliser (OMF) for application by farm fertiliser equipment to a range of agricultural crops. The recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphate and ...Biosolids were applied with urea to produce a granulated organo-mineral fertiliser (OMF) for application by farm fertiliser equipment to a range of agricultural crops. The recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphate and potash were calculated for the test crops using “The Fertiliser Manual”, which assesses the nutrient requirement based on previous cropping, rainfall and soil index. The OMF produced similar crop yields compared to ammonium nitrate fertiliser when applied as a top-dressing to winter wheat, forage maize and grass cut for silage in the cropping years 2010 to 2014. In 2012 the grain yield of spring barley top-dressed with OMF was significantly lower than the conventional fertiliser treatment, due to dry conditions following application. For this reason it is recommended that OMF is incorporated into the seedbed for spring sown crops and The Safe Sludge Matrix guidelines followed. The experimental work presented shows that OMF can be used in sustainable crop production systems as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for a range of agricultural crops.展开更多
Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determine...Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.展开更多
The work deals with a mathematical model for real-time acoustic monitoring of material parameters of media in multi-state viscoelastic engineering systems continuously operating in irregular external environments (e.g...The work deals with a mathematical model for real-time acoustic monitoring of material parameters of media in multi-state viscoelastic engineering systems continuously operating in irregular external environments (e.g., wind turbines in cold climate areas, aircrafts, etc.). This monitoring is a high-reliability time-critical task. The work consistently derives a scalar wave PDE of the Stokes type for the non-equilibrium part (NEP) of the average normal stress in a medium. The explicit expression for the NEP of the corresponding pressure and the solution-adequateness condition are also obtained. The derived Stokes-type wave equation includes the stress relaxation time and is applicable to gases, liquids, and solids.展开更多
This study investigates the simultaneous accumulation of S^(0) and NO_(2)^(-)during short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification(SSADN)in response to 0-35 mg/L hydroxylamine(NH_(2)OH)addition.At a dosage of 15 mg/L NH...This study investigates the simultaneous accumulation of S^(0) and NO_(2)^(-)during short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification(SSADN)in response to 0-35 mg/L hydroxylamine(NH_(2)OH)addition.At a dosage of 15 mg/L NH_(2)OH,the accumulation of NO_(2)^(-)-N peaked at 32.49±1.33 mg/L,which is 1.65 times higher than that of the control.The addition of NH_(2)OH facilitates the retention of S^(0) in the system.Enzyme assays indicated significant discrepancies in the enhanced NO_(2)^(-)-N reductase(NAR)and NO_(2)^(-)-N reductase(NIR)activities induced by NH_(2)OH are responsible for the excellent NO_(2)^(-)-N production.These results are supported by the corresponding NO_(3)^(-)-N reduction genes(napA,narG)and NO_(2)^(-)-N reduction genes(nirS,nirK).In addition,the abundance of sulfur oxidation genes(soxB)decreases with increasing NH_(2)OH dosage,inhibiting further oxidation of S^(0) to SO_(4)^(2-).The accumulation of NO_(2)^(-)-N and S^(0) increases from 45.8% and 36.8% to 70.04% and 52.52%,respectively,with the addition of 2 mg/L NH_(2)OH in the continuous-flow up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB)reactor.展开更多
Solar power tower systems demand robust heliostat aiming strategies to maximize energy collection efficiency while ensuring system reliability and cost-effectiveness.This review comprehensively discusses a novel class...Solar power tower systems demand robust heliostat aiming strategies to maximize energy collection efficiency while ensuring system reliability and cost-effectiveness.This review comprehensively discusses a novel classification framework that systematically integrates heliostat field focusing systems,tracking mechanisms,and adaptive control strategies.Recent advancements in optical modeling and error detection methodologies are reported,where hybrid approaches combining analytical solutions with ray tracing have improved computational efficiency by up to 60%.The integration of machine learning with traditional control methods has enhanced tracking accuracy by 35%,while advanced multiobjective optimization frameworks have achieved 12%–15%improvement in annual energy collection under safe operating conditions.The critical challenges in computational efficiency,environmental adaptation,and system integration are identified to provide directions for future research.This analysis offers valuable insights for advancing heliostat control technologies in large-scale solar thermal applications.展开更多
文摘Biosolids were applied with urea to produce a granulated organo-mineral fertiliser (OMF) for application by farm fertiliser equipment to a range of agricultural crops. The recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphate and potash were calculated for the test crops using “The Fertiliser Manual”, which assesses the nutrient requirement based on previous cropping, rainfall and soil index. The OMF produced similar crop yields compared to ammonium nitrate fertiliser when applied as a top-dressing to winter wheat, forage maize and grass cut for silage in the cropping years 2010 to 2014. In 2012 the grain yield of spring barley top-dressed with OMF was significantly lower than the conventional fertiliser treatment, due to dry conditions following application. For this reason it is recommended that OMF is incorporated into the seedbed for spring sown crops and The Safe Sludge Matrix guidelines followed. The experimental work presented shows that OMF can be used in sustainable crop production systems as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for a range of agricultural crops.
基金the Major Projects of National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology of China(No.2013ZX07312001-01)the Projects of Wenzhou Key Science and Technology Innovation Team of China(No.C20120007)
文摘Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium（NH4^＋–N）synthetic wastewater.Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope,pyrosequencing,and microelectrodes,and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors（SBRs）at low temperatures was evaluated.A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet,in which Rudaea spp.（Xanthomonadaceae family）was an important bacterial component（23.44% of the total bacteria）.The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mg O2/（L·hr）,and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces（0–600μm）.The dosing of the pellets（30 m L/L）into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7–11℃,achieving an average NH4^＋–N removal of 84.09%,which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.
文摘The work deals with a mathematical model for real-time acoustic monitoring of material parameters of media in multi-state viscoelastic engineering systems continuously operating in irregular external environments (e.g., wind turbines in cold climate areas, aircrafts, etc.). This monitoring is a high-reliability time-critical task. The work consistently derives a scalar wave PDE of the Stokes type for the non-equilibrium part (NEP) of the average normal stress in a medium. The explicit expression for the NEP of the corresponding pressure and the solution-adequateness condition are also obtained. The derived Stokes-type wave equation includes the stress relaxation time and is applicable to gases, liquids, and solids.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2019MEE038,ZR202110260011)the Scientific research project of Xinjiang oilfield company(No.2022C4004)the Qingdao West-Coast Economic New Area Scientific and Technological Project of the special open competition mechanism to select the best candidates(2022-14).
文摘This study investigates the simultaneous accumulation of S^(0) and NO_(2)^(-)during short-cut sulfur autotrophic denitrification(SSADN)in response to 0-35 mg/L hydroxylamine(NH_(2)OH)addition.At a dosage of 15 mg/L NH_(2)OH,the accumulation of NO_(2)^(-)-N peaked at 32.49±1.33 mg/L,which is 1.65 times higher than that of the control.The addition of NH_(2)OH facilitates the retention of S^(0) in the system.Enzyme assays indicated significant discrepancies in the enhanced NO_(2)^(-)-N reductase(NAR)and NO_(2)^(-)-N reductase(NIR)activities induced by NH_(2)OH are responsible for the excellent NO_(2)^(-)-N production.These results are supported by the corresponding NO_(3)^(-)-N reduction genes(napA,narG)and NO_(2)^(-)-N reduction genes(nirS,nirK).In addition,the abundance of sulfur oxidation genes(soxB)decreases with increasing NH_(2)OH dosage,inhibiting further oxidation of S^(0) to SO_(4)^(2-).The accumulation of NO_(2)^(-)-N and S^(0) increases from 45.8% and 36.8% to 70.04% and 52.52%,respectively,with the addition of 2 mg/L NH_(2)OH in the continuous-flow up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB)reactor.
基金supported by the 2024 Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(grant no.XLYC2403007).
文摘Solar power tower systems demand robust heliostat aiming strategies to maximize energy collection efficiency while ensuring system reliability and cost-effectiveness.This review comprehensively discusses a novel classification framework that systematically integrates heliostat field focusing systems,tracking mechanisms,and adaptive control strategies.Recent advancements in optical modeling and error detection methodologies are reported,where hybrid approaches combining analytical solutions with ray tracing have improved computational efficiency by up to 60%.The integration of machine learning with traditional control methods has enhanced tracking accuracy by 35%,while advanced multiobjective optimization frameworks have achieved 12%–15%improvement in annual energy collection under safe operating conditions.The critical challenges in computational efficiency,environmental adaptation,and system integration are identified to provide directions for future research.This analysis offers valuable insights for advancing heliostat control technologies in large-scale solar thermal applications.
