Rapid urbanization and global warming cause a sharp increase of frequency and intensity of stormwater disaster. Urban design, depending on the methodology of urban form and the creation of the spatial environment to p...Rapid urbanization and global warming cause a sharp increase of frequency and intensity of stormwater disaster. Urban design, depending on the methodology of urban form and the creation of the spatial environment to promote stormwater resilience, has broken through the traditional design mode and become an efficient path leading to addressing urban stormwater disaster. Firstly, this paper discusses the concept and connotation of stormwater resilient urban design based on the resilient city theory in order to set up the theoretical framework of the design method. Then combining with the specific cases and focusing on four key problems of urban design, the practical urban design methods in favor of stormwater resilience are analyzed, including the optimization of land use, the organization of urban structure, the creation of multi-functional space, and the integration of urban systems. In the end, the paper further analyzes the challenges in practical application. Stormwater resilient urban design expands the boundary of traditional urban design and provides a new choice for performance-based e co-city design.展开更多
This paper briefly introduces the core concepts and major contents of the urban design and planning for the Jiangbei CBD in Chongqing. It presents some important methods and ideas for overall urban design from empiric...This paper briefly introduces the core concepts and major contents of the urban design and planning for the Jiangbei CBD in Chongqing. It presents some important methods and ideas for overall urban design from empirical perspectives, so as to provide certain references and experiences to similar urban design and planning projects.展开更多
The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to in...The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to investigate the utilization of solar energy across different urban densities and proposes optimized morphologies.The analysis encompasses blocks with diverse population densities,examining medium and high-density areas.By utilizing a multi-objective genetic optimization approach,the urban morphology of these blocks is refined.The findings indicate that low-density blocks exhibit photovoltaic potential ranging from 1 to 6.6 times their total energy consumption.Medium and high-density blocks achieve photovoltaic potential levels approximately equivalent to 40%-85%of their overall energy consumption.Moreover,significant variations in photovoltaic potential are observed among different urban forms within medium and high-density blocks.An“elevated corners with central valley”prototype is proposed as an effective approach,enhancing the overall photovoltaic potential by approximately 14%.This study introduces novel analytical concepts,shedding light on the intricate relationship between urban morphologies and photovoltaic potential.展开更多
As a showcase for public well-being and urban identity, a better street should carry not only the constantly flowing traffic stream, but also diversified lifestyles and various streetscapes. Beijing is the capital of ...As a showcase for public well-being and urban identity, a better street should carry not only the constantly flowing traffic stream, but also diversified lifestyles and various streetscapes. Beijing is the capital of China, one of its ancient capitals, and a tier 1 international metropolis, both its street connotation and functions are extremely complex. Along with new requirements proposed in the Beijing City Master Plan(2016 – 2035) for controlling construction land, strengthening urban identity, and improving urban governance, the Urban Design Guidelines for Beijing Street Regeneration and Governance(the Guidelines) is not only an important breakthrough point for promoting urban transformation to sustainable urban regeneration and governance, but also the foundation of optimizing capital city construction and building a world-class, harmonious, and livable capital city. Taking full consideration of value orientation, technical methods, system design, and governance transformation, the Guidelines adopts five measures, including identity enhancement, coordinated design, enhancing cultural and aesthetic quality, building platforms, and managing 'stubborn diseases' – problems which have plagued people for many years and have been intensifying with years to pass, to comprehensively improve the street design and governance, in the hope of making it a real typical space that represents the image and cultural charm of the capital city.展开更多
Suburban sightseeing farm has always been restrained by such problems as focusing on form and visual effect, low design level, poor depth, similarity with others, poor sustainability and so on. This paper proposed maj...Suburban sightseeing farm has always been restrained by such problems as focusing on form and visual effect, low design level, poor depth, similarity with others, poor sustainability and so on. This paper proposed major characteristics of sightseeing farm design based on core connotations of behavior-driven design from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Cases were taken to analyze the design techniques of sightseeing farm, and it was concluded that sightseeing farm design based on behavior-driven perspective should orient to performancebased, refi ned, individualized and participatory from the four perspectives of highlighting functions, deepening the details, stressing originality, and optimizing experience, in order to provide new thoughts for solving existing problems of current sightseeing farm design.展开更多
Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities.Recognizing their importance,this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through...Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities.Recognizing their importance,this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through advanced analytics,focusing on Tehran’s main traditional market,the Bazaar.A novel methodological framework combining Social Network Analysis(SNA),and Strengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities,and Threats(SWOT)analysis,supported by location-based social media reviews,was employed.This innovative approach assessed the Bazaar’s comfort,vitality,and safety,analyzing real-time public interactions and perceptions through social media data.The findings highlighted the Bazaar’s central role in Tehran’s urban landscape and identified the need for strategic design interventions.These interventions aimed to improve walkability,comfort,safety,and diversity,and have been successfully implemented,significantly enhancing the Bazaar’s quality and usability.This study not only advances urban studies and planning by providing a model for urban public space analysis but also underscores the value of social media data in urban analytics.The successful revitalization of Tehran’s Bazaar sets a precedent for enriching urban experiences and boosting city vitality through similar interventions in other urban spaces.展开更多
Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanizat...Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanization from 2000 to 2020 in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using a kilometer-grid-based approach.By employing the partial least squares structural equation modeling method,the intricate drivers of agricultural space urbanization were investigated.The results revealed that from 2000 to 2020,agricultural space urbanization in the YREB covered an area of 28,198 km^(2),accounting for 84.5%of the total increase in urban space.The partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis revealed regional variations in agricultural space urbanization dynamics.In the western YREB,where urbanization is in its initial stage,natural conditions play a weak and indirect role,whereas policy incentives and socioeconomic growth are equally significant in driving agricultural space urbanization.In the eastern YREB,where urbanization is more saturated,the agricultural space urbanization is less constrained by natural factors,showing a high synergy with socioeconomic development.Conversely,in the central Yangtze River Economic Belt,policy influences surpass socioeconomic factors,whereas unfavorable natural conditions and agricultural development act as key drivers of agricultural space urbanization.This study suggests that enhancing agricultural space urbanization quality requires strengthening region-specific policies,providing targeted support for remote areas,rebalancing policy orientation in rapidly urbanizing regions,and establishing a comprehensive evaluation system to ensure policy rationality.展开更多
Polycentric urban development is promoted as a planning strategy to make cities and regions more efficient and sustainable.This article reviews the emerging literature on polycentric development in China.We find that ...Polycentric urban development is promoted as a planning strategy to make cities and regions more efficient and sustainable.This article reviews the emerging literature on polycentric development in China.We find that Chinese urban regions are still largely monocentric,with emerging polycentric urban centers.There exists a geographical mismatch between urban centers identified by different metrics and composite indicators.The mechanism of polycentric urban development in China differs across cities and geographical scales,and the primary triggers include economic,institutional,and transportation factors,with a significant role of the state.Polycentric development has gained currency in planning policy in China,and these policies have contributed to polycentric urban development in well-developed regions.Furthermore,the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic promoted suburbanization and limited people’s mobility,and polycentricity in the post-pandemic era is worthy of further investigation.This review calls for efforts for multiscale,multi-dimensional,and multi-mechanism understanding of polycentric development toward more powerful theoretical and policy contributions.展开更多
For pollution research with regard to urban surface runoff, most sampling strategies to date have focused on differences in land usage. With single land-use sampling, total surface runoff pollution effect cannot be ev...For pollution research with regard to urban surface runoff, most sampling strategies to date have focused on differences in land usage. With single land-use sampling, total surface runoff pollution effect cannot be evaluated unless every land usage spot is monitored. Through a new sampling strategy known as mixed stormwater sampling for a street community at discharge outlet adjacent to river, this study assessed the total urban surface runoff pollution effect caused by a variety of land uses and the pollutants washed off from the rain pipe system in the Futian River watershed in Shenzhen City of China. The water quality monitoring indices were COD （chemical oxygen demand）, TSS （total suspend solid）, TP （total phosphorus）, TN （total nitrogen） and BOD （biochemical oxygen demand）. The sums of total pollution loads discharged into the river for the four indices of COD, TSS, TN, and TP over all seven rainfall events were very different. The mathematical model for simulating total pollution loads was established from discharge outlet mixed stormwater sampling of total pollution loads on the basis of four parameters： rainfall intensity, total land area, impervious land area, and pervious land area. In order to treat surface runoff pollution, the values of MFF30 （mass first flush ratio） and FF30 （first 30% of runoff volume） can be considered as split-flow control criteria to obtain more effective and economical design of structural BMPs （best management practices） facilities.展开更多
Due to the limitation of total amount of water resources, it is necessary to enhance water consumption efficiency to meet the increasing water demand of urbanizing China. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in Chi...Due to the limitation of total amount of water resources, it is necessary to enhance water consumption efficiency to meet the increasing water demand of urbanizing China. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China in 1997-2013, we analyze the influencing factors of water consumption efficiency by spatial econometric models. Results show that, 1） Due to the notable spatial autocorrelation characteristics of water consumption efficiency among different provinces in China, general panel data regression model which previous studies often used may be improper to reveal its influencing factors. However, spatial Durbin model may best estimate their relationship. 2） Water consumption efficiency of a certain province may be influenced not only by its socio-economic and eco-environmental indicators, but also by water consumption efficiency in its neighboring provinces. Moreover, it may be influenced by the neighboring provinces＇ socio-economic and eco-environmental indicators. 3） For the macro average case of the 31 provinces in China, if water consumption efficiency in neighboring provinces increased 1%, water consumption efficiency of the local province would increase 0.34%. 4） Among the ten specific indicators we selected, per capita GDP and urbanization level of itself and its neighboring provinces have the most prominent positive effects on water consumption efficiency, and the indirect effects of neighboring provinces are much larger. Therefore, the spatial spillover effects of the economic development level and urbanization level are the primary influencing factors for improving China＇s water consump- tion efficiency. 5） Policy implications indicate that, to improve water consumption efficiency, each province should properly consider potential influences caused by its neighboring prov- inces, especially needs to enhance the economic cooperation and urbanization interaction with neighboring provinces.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to develop a Multi-Actor Geo-Collaborative Device to improve the processes of household waste collect (HWC) in urban areas. The proposed device will be tested in the Lamkansa district, in the ...The aim of this paper is to develop a Multi-Actor Geo-Collaborative Device to improve the processes of household waste collect (HWC) in urban areas. The proposed device will be tested in the Lamkansa district, in the southwestern part of Casablanca city, Morocco. The approach used is a systemic analysis of communication in order to act on a territory. We have been inspired by several methodological developments concerning multi-actor processes of land use planning. We focused our work on the involvement of the inhabitants in the process of household waste collect. The results show that the urban population can help and contribute to the development of complementary solutions to improve the urban environment and their living environment. Moreover, by integrating citizens in HWC processes, as well as decision communication, we can reduce household waste management costs and make it faster and more efficient, through a geo-collaborative, participatory and incentive logic. The approach described in this article is original, not only considering the technologies used to present and share the collected information, but also regarding the concept of integrating several actors in a collaborative/incentive mode. It arouses great interest by combining geomatics with communication and information sciences. It contributes to improve the participation of the inhabitants in the life of their urban environment in order to establish a reinforced dialogue on the future of their city and public health. Also, it involves the development and testing of new devices and tools for multi-actor collaboration.展开更多
Human civilization can be ameliorated by human creativity. Innovation and progress of human civilization result from a change in our thinking patterns, thus, potentially transforming the present into a creative future...Human civilization can be ameliorated by human creativity. Innovation and progress of human civilization result from a change in our thinking patterns, thus, potentially transforming the present into a creative future. Accentuating the role of creativity in design even more than other disciplines pushes one to underpin the understanding of creativity as a key role player in architecture. Furthermore, by identifying the basic principles of our ingenuity/creativity, researchers might be able to enhance this ability in the future. A key point in ＂creativity＂ is the role of previously gained experiences, which cause expanding the inventory of experiences. According to accepted def＇mition in different disciplines, creativity is no more than new combinations of previous ideas. The paper explores different effectual parameters correlated with creativity in architectural design including notion of conceptual blending, improbabilist and impossibilist creativity, tolerance of ambiguity and its correlation with creativity and creativity aided tools and interfaces. At the end, we suggest necessary experiments to obtain empirical results for some speculations that are discussed in the paper. Also, practical approaches will be suggested to apply the results in pedagogy of architecture.展开更多
To analyze the factors affecting the leakage rate of water distribution system, we built a macroscopic "leakage rate–leakage factors"(LRLF) model. In this model, we consider the pipe attributes(quality, dia...To analyze the factors affecting the leakage rate of water distribution system, we built a macroscopic "leakage rate–leakage factors"(LRLF) model. In this model, we consider the pipe attributes(quality, diameter,age), maintenance cost, valve replacement cost, and annual average pressure. Based on variable selection and principal component analysis results, we extracted three main principle components—the pipe attribute principal component(PAPC), operation management principal component, and water pressure principal component. Of these, we found PAPC to have the most influence. Using principal component regression, we established an LRLF model with no detectable serial correlations. The adjusted R2 and RMSE values of the model were 0.717 and 2.067, respectively.This model represents a potentially useful tool for controlling leakage rate from the macroscopic viewpoint.展开更多
This paper is engaged in the research of urban rail transit hub integration and transfer.Firstly,this paper focuses on the space division,the aggregation form of hub subsystems,the spatial layout of hub subsystems,and...This paper is engaged in the research of urban rail transit hub integration and transfer.Firstly,this paper focuses on the space division,the aggregation form of hub subsystems,the spatial layout of hub subsystems,and the design of integrated functions to achieve an integrated layout.In addition,this study also conducted a selection of transfer classification and transfer station layout of urban rail transit hubs,with the aims to promote the improvement of the functions of urban rail transit hubs,the rationality of transfers,and to improve the service quality of the hub system which meet the demand of the public travel.展开更多
文摘Rapid urbanization and global warming cause a sharp increase of frequency and intensity of stormwater disaster. Urban design, depending on the methodology of urban form and the creation of the spatial environment to promote stormwater resilience, has broken through the traditional design mode and become an efficient path leading to addressing urban stormwater disaster. Firstly, this paper discusses the concept and connotation of stormwater resilient urban design based on the resilient city theory in order to set up the theoretical framework of the design method. Then combining with the specific cases and focusing on four key problems of urban design, the practical urban design methods in favor of stormwater resilience are analyzed, including the optimization of land use, the organization of urban structure, the creation of multi-functional space, and the integration of urban systems. In the end, the paper further analyzes the challenges in practical application. Stormwater resilient urban design expands the boundary of traditional urban design and provides a new choice for performance-based e co-city design.
文摘This paper briefly introduces the core concepts and major contents of the urban design and planning for the Jiangbei CBD in Chongqing. It presents some important methods and ideas for overall urban design from empirical perspectives, so as to provide certain references and experiences to similar urban design and planning projects.
文摘The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero outcomes.This study focuses on the City of Melbourne to investigate the utilization of solar energy across different urban densities and proposes optimized morphologies.The analysis encompasses blocks with diverse population densities,examining medium and high-density areas.By utilizing a multi-objective genetic optimization approach,the urban morphology of these blocks is refined.The findings indicate that low-density blocks exhibit photovoltaic potential ranging from 1 to 6.6 times their total energy consumption.Medium and high-density blocks achieve photovoltaic potential levels approximately equivalent to 40%-85%of their overall energy consumption.Moreover,significant variations in photovoltaic potential are observed among different urban forms within medium and high-density blocks.An“elevated corners with central valley”prototype is proposed as an effective approach,enhancing the overall photovoltaic potential by approximately 14%.This study introduces novel analytical concepts,shedding light on the intricate relationship between urban morphologies and photovoltaic potential.
文摘As a showcase for public well-being and urban identity, a better street should carry not only the constantly flowing traffic stream, but also diversified lifestyles and various streetscapes. Beijing is the capital of China, one of its ancient capitals, and a tier 1 international metropolis, both its street connotation and functions are extremely complex. Along with new requirements proposed in the Beijing City Master Plan(2016 – 2035) for controlling construction land, strengthening urban identity, and improving urban governance, the Urban Design Guidelines for Beijing Street Regeneration and Governance(the Guidelines) is not only an important breakthrough point for promoting urban transformation to sustainable urban regeneration and governance, but also the foundation of optimizing capital city construction and building a world-class, harmonious, and livable capital city. Taking full consideration of value orientation, technical methods, system design, and governance transformation, the Guidelines adopts five measures, including identity enhancement, coordinated design, enhancing cultural and aesthetic quality, building platforms, and managing 'stubborn diseases' – problems which have plagued people for many years and have been intensifying with years to pass, to comprehensively improve the street design and governance, in the hope of making it a real typical space that represents the image and cultural charm of the capital city.
文摘Suburban sightseeing farm has always been restrained by such problems as focusing on form and visual effect, low design level, poor depth, similarity with others, poor sustainability and so on. This paper proposed major characteristics of sightseeing farm design based on core connotations of behavior-driven design from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Cases were taken to analyze the design techniques of sightseeing farm, and it was concluded that sightseeing farm design based on behavior-driven perspective should orient to performancebased, refi ned, individualized and participatory from the four perspectives of highlighting functions, deepening the details, stressing originality, and optimizing experience, in order to provide new thoughts for solving existing problems of current sightseeing farm design.
文摘Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities.Recognizing their importance,this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through advanced analytics,focusing on Tehran’s main traditional market,the Bazaar.A novel methodological framework combining Social Network Analysis(SNA),and Strengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities,and Threats(SWOT)analysis,supported by location-based social media reviews,was employed.This innovative approach assessed the Bazaar’s comfort,vitality,and safety,analyzing real-time public interactions and perceptions through social media data.The findings highlighted the Bazaar’s central role in Tehran’s urban landscape and identified the need for strategic design interventions.These interventions aimed to improve walkability,comfort,safety,and diversity,and have been successfully implemented,significantly enhancing the Bazaar’s quality and usability.This study not only advances urban studies and planning by providing a model for urban public space analysis but also underscores the value of social media data in urban analytics.The successful revitalization of Tehran’s Bazaar sets a precedent for enriching urban experiences and boosting city vitality through similar interventions in other urban spaces.
基金Fellowship Program of the CPSF,No.GZC20231970National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871182。
文摘Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying agricultural space urbanization is essential for sustainable land management.This study identified the spatiotemporal characteristics of the agricultural space urbanization from 2000 to 2020 in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)using a kilometer-grid-based approach.By employing the partial least squares structural equation modeling method,the intricate drivers of agricultural space urbanization were investigated.The results revealed that from 2000 to 2020,agricultural space urbanization in the YREB covered an area of 28,198 km^(2),accounting for 84.5%of the total increase in urban space.The partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis revealed regional variations in agricultural space urbanization dynamics.In the western YREB,where urbanization is in its initial stage,natural conditions play a weak and indirect role,whereas policy incentives and socioeconomic growth are equally significant in driving agricultural space urbanization.In the eastern YREB,where urbanization is more saturated,the agricultural space urbanization is less constrained by natural factors,showing a high synergy with socioeconomic development.Conversely,in the central Yangtze River Economic Belt,policy influences surpass socioeconomic factors,whereas unfavorable natural conditions and agricultural development act as key drivers of agricultural space urbanization.This study suggests that enhancing agricultural space urbanization quality requires strengthening region-specific policies,providing targeted support for remote areas,rebalancing policy orientation in rapidly urbanizing regions,and establishing a comprehensive evaluation system to ensure policy rationality.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42201231,42401246)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M713234)International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program(No.YJ20220202)。
文摘Polycentric urban development is promoted as a planning strategy to make cities and regions more efficient and sustainable.This article reviews the emerging literature on polycentric development in China.We find that Chinese urban regions are still largely monocentric,with emerging polycentric urban centers.There exists a geographical mismatch between urban centers identified by different metrics and composite indicators.The mechanism of polycentric urban development in China differs across cities and geographical scales,and the primary triggers include economic,institutional,and transportation factors,with a significant role of the state.Polycentric development has gained currency in planning policy in China,and these policies have contributed to polycentric urban development in well-developed regions.Furthermore,the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic promoted suburbanization and limited people’s mobility,and polycentricity in the post-pandemic era is worthy of further investigation.This review calls for efforts for multiscale,multi-dimensional,and multi-mechanism understanding of polycentric development toward more powerful theoretical and policy contributions.
基金supported by the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(No.108177)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50679049)
文摘For pollution research with regard to urban surface runoff, most sampling strategies to date have focused on differences in land usage. With single land-use sampling, total surface runoff pollution effect cannot be evaluated unless every land usage spot is monitored. Through a new sampling strategy known as mixed stormwater sampling for a street community at discharge outlet adjacent to river, this study assessed the total urban surface runoff pollution effect caused by a variety of land uses and the pollutants washed off from the rain pipe system in the Futian River watershed in Shenzhen City of China. The water quality monitoring indices were COD （chemical oxygen demand）, TSS （total suspend solid）, TP （total phosphorus）, TN （total nitrogen） and BOD （biochemical oxygen demand）. The sums of total pollution loads discharged into the river for the four indices of COD, TSS, TN, and TP over all seven rainfall events were very different. The mathematical model for simulating total pollution loads was established from discharge outlet mixed stormwater sampling of total pollution loads on the basis of four parameters： rainfall intensity, total land area, impervious land area, and pervious land area. In order to treat surface runoff pollution, the values of MFF30 （mass first flush ratio） and FF30 （first 30% of runoff volume） can be considered as split-flow control criteria to obtain more effective and economical design of structural BMPs （best management practices） facilities.
基金Major Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41590844 National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41571156 Service Project on the Cultivation and Construction for the Characteristic Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.TSYJS02
文摘Due to the limitation of total amount of water resources, it is necessary to enhance water consumption efficiency to meet the increasing water demand of urbanizing China. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China in 1997-2013, we analyze the influencing factors of water consumption efficiency by spatial econometric models. Results show that, 1） Due to the notable spatial autocorrelation characteristics of water consumption efficiency among different provinces in China, general panel data regression model which previous studies often used may be improper to reveal its influencing factors. However, spatial Durbin model may best estimate their relationship. 2） Water consumption efficiency of a certain province may be influenced not only by its socio-economic and eco-environmental indicators, but also by water consumption efficiency in its neighboring provinces. Moreover, it may be influenced by the neighboring provinces＇ socio-economic and eco-environmental indicators. 3） For the macro average case of the 31 provinces in China, if water consumption efficiency in neighboring provinces increased 1%, water consumption efficiency of the local province would increase 0.34%. 4） Among the ten specific indicators we selected, per capita GDP and urbanization level of itself and its neighboring provinces have the most prominent positive effects on water consumption efficiency, and the indirect effects of neighboring provinces are much larger. Therefore, the spatial spillover effects of the economic development level and urbanization level are the primary influencing factors for improving China＇s water consump- tion efficiency. 5） Policy implications indicate that, to improve water consumption efficiency, each province should properly consider potential influences caused by its neighboring prov- inces, especially needs to enhance the economic cooperation and urbanization interaction with neighboring provinces.
文摘The aim of this paper is to develop a Multi-Actor Geo-Collaborative Device to improve the processes of household waste collect (HWC) in urban areas. The proposed device will be tested in the Lamkansa district, in the southwestern part of Casablanca city, Morocco. The approach used is a systemic analysis of communication in order to act on a territory. We have been inspired by several methodological developments concerning multi-actor processes of land use planning. We focused our work on the involvement of the inhabitants in the process of household waste collect. The results show that the urban population can help and contribute to the development of complementary solutions to improve the urban environment and their living environment. Moreover, by integrating citizens in HWC processes, as well as decision communication, we can reduce household waste management costs and make it faster and more efficient, through a geo-collaborative, participatory and incentive logic. The approach described in this article is original, not only considering the technologies used to present and share the collected information, but also regarding the concept of integrating several actors in a collaborative/incentive mode. It arouses great interest by combining geomatics with communication and information sciences. It contributes to improve the participation of the inhabitants in the life of their urban environment in order to establish a reinforced dialogue on the future of their city and public health. Also, it involves the development and testing of new devices and tools for multi-actor collaboration.
文摘Human civilization can be ameliorated by human creativity. Innovation and progress of human civilization result from a change in our thinking patterns, thus, potentially transforming the present into a creative future. Accentuating the role of creativity in design even more than other disciplines pushes one to underpin the understanding of creativity as a key role player in architecture. Furthermore, by identifying the basic principles of our ingenuity/creativity, researchers might be able to enhance this ability in the future. A key point in ＂creativity＂ is the role of previously gained experiences, which cause expanding the inventory of experiences. According to accepted def＇mition in different disciplines, creativity is no more than new combinations of previous ideas. The paper explores different effectual parameters correlated with creativity in architectural design including notion of conceptual blending, improbabilist and impossibilist creativity, tolerance of ambiguity and its correlation with creativity and creativity aided tools and interfaces. At the end, we suggest necessary experiments to obtain empirical results for some speculations that are discussed in the paper. Also, practical approaches will be suggested to apply the results in pedagogy of architecture.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2014ZX07203-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Program for New Century Excellent Talents at the University of China
文摘To analyze the factors affecting the leakage rate of water distribution system, we built a macroscopic "leakage rate–leakage factors"(LRLF) model. In this model, we consider the pipe attributes(quality, diameter,age), maintenance cost, valve replacement cost, and annual average pressure. Based on variable selection and principal component analysis results, we extracted three main principle components—the pipe attribute principal component(PAPC), operation management principal component, and water pressure principal component. Of these, we found PAPC to have the most influence. Using principal component regression, we established an LRLF model with no detectable serial correlations. The adjusted R2 and RMSE values of the model were 0.717 and 2.067, respectively.This model represents a potentially useful tool for controlling leakage rate from the macroscopic viewpoint.
文摘This paper is engaged in the research of urban rail transit hub integration and transfer.Firstly,this paper focuses on the space division,the aggregation form of hub subsystems,the spatial layout of hub subsystems,and the design of integrated functions to achieve an integrated layout.In addition,this study also conducted a selection of transfer classification and transfer station layout of urban rail transit hubs,with the aims to promote the improvement of the functions of urban rail transit hubs,the rationality of transfers,and to improve the service quality of the hub system which meet the demand of the public travel.
