This paper presents a method to measure TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves absorbed by atoms. The results show the existence of a singularity in the universe which generates a broad spectrum of synchronized and ex...This paper presents a method to measure TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves absorbed by atoms. The results show the existence of a singularity in the universe which generates a broad spectrum of synchronized and extremely low frequency TEM waves in the period range 30 - 160 s. Atoms create resonance and absorb these TEM waves. The absorbed energy consists of a set of TEM waves where the sum generates an intrinsic static electric and magnet field. It is proposed that this static electric and magnetic field induces static forces within the atomic nucleus. The study describes a method to measure TEM waves absorbed by atoms (direction, frequency and amplitude). The study displays that chemical elements absorb TEM waves of different periods, supporting the hypothesis that TEM waves are absorbed by an atomic intrinsic resonance mechanism. The study displays a non-invasive method facilitating novel analyses of the atomic nucleus.展开更多
The present study describes the metric expansion of space based on a novel understanding of?gravity and its electromagnetic processes. A singularity in the universe emits electromagnetic energy, which is absorbed by a...The present study describes the metric expansion of space based on a novel understanding of?gravity and its electromagnetic processes. A singularity in the universe emits electromagnetic energy, which is absorbed by atoms and re-emitted to other atoms. This results in mutual force of attraction, i.e.gravity. We assume that the distance R towards the singularity is constant andr is the distance between two bodies. Then the gravitational force decreases with the decrease of the re-emitted energy, i.e. as 1/r2, and in line with Newtonian gravity and General Relativity. However, the universe orbits the singularity and hence R varies. R increases when a certain part of space travels from the singularity, and whereby the energy re-emitted by atoms decreases as 1/r2R2. Consequently, the gravitational force between bodies decreases as 1/r2R2, resulting in increasing distance between bodies, i.e.metric expansion of space. A theoretical model is presented. The theoretical model describes the mechanisms which results in gravity and expanding space. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of the singularity and gravity waves and the mechanism creating gravity are measured.展开更多
The study displays the existence of a gravitational singularity in the universe generating synchronized and extremely low frequency plane TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves. It is proposed that atomic intrinsic el...The study displays the existence of a gravitational singularity in the universe generating synchronized and extremely low frequency plane TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves. It is proposed that atomic intrinsic electromagnetic fields create resonance with these plane TEM waves, causing atoms to receive and to re-emit synchronized plane TEM waves. The energy flow of synchronized plane TEM waves, travelling in opposite directions between e.g. two atoms, creates mutual force of attraction, i.e. gravity. Consequently, gravity is not an intrinsic atomic feature;however, the result of passive atoms exposed to electromagnetic energy. The study describes how plane TEM waves emitted by the gravitational singularity were measured. The study also displays how gravity from the earth, moon, sun and the gravitational singularity was measured and how gravity was simulated using an electronic device. The present electromagnetic law of gravity is compared with Newtonian geometric law of gravity.展开更多
In the present paper, photon frequency shift, e.g. gravitational red and blueshift, is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on photons, e.g. light waves. Previous reports have described the dy...In the present paper, photon frequency shift, e.g. gravitational red and blueshift, is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on photons, e.g. light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity, and how these characteristics are measured. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism which results in photon frequency shift caused by a gravitational field. The theoretical model gives results similar to General Relativity using Schwarzschild metric. The theoretical model is mapped on black holes.展开更多
In the present paper, gravitational and inertial mass are described as one and the same electromagnetic mechanism in atoms and particles. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the at...In the present paper, gravitational and inertial mass are described as one and the same electromagnetic mechanism in atoms and particles. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism creating gravitational and inertial mass. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of gravitational and inertial mass and the mechanism are measured.展开更多
The study displays that TEM waves (e.g. radio waves, light) consist of low frequency plane TEM waves where the radio frequency energy or light energy is superpositioned on these low frequency TEM waves. The superposit...The study displays that TEM waves (e.g. radio waves, light) consist of low frequency plane TEM waves where the radio frequency energy or light energy is superpositioned on these low frequency TEM waves. The superpositioned energy can be discrete and where its frequency ν determines its energy hv and where this superpositioned energy hv is the photon. The study shows that photons and TEM waves are described by the laws of electromagnetism. Hence, there is a duality between the photon and the TEM wave and also a duality between electromagnetism and quantum theory in this case. The low frequency plane TEM waves originate from a singularity in universe and have been described earlier. The study describes how energy from a generator, from light bulbs and radio antennas is superpositioned on low frequency TEM waves, resulting in medium frequency TEM waves, radio waves and light. The study displays that light from the sun consists of light energy superpositioned on low frequency TEM waves. The study describes methods enabling measurement of the low frequency plane TEM waves and the superpositioned energy.展开更多
In the present paper, gravitational lensing is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photo...In the present paper, gravitational lensing is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism which results in gravitational lensing. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of gravity waves and light waves and the mechanism creating gravitational lensing are measured.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a method to measure TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves absorbed by atoms. The results show the existence of a singularity in the universe which generates a broad spectrum of synchronized and extremely low frequency TEM waves in the period range 30 - 160 s. Atoms create resonance and absorb these TEM waves. The absorbed energy consists of a set of TEM waves where the sum generates an intrinsic static electric and magnet field. It is proposed that this static electric and magnetic field induces static forces within the atomic nucleus. The study describes a method to measure TEM waves absorbed by atoms (direction, frequency and amplitude). The study displays that chemical elements absorb TEM waves of different periods, supporting the hypothesis that TEM waves are absorbed by an atomic intrinsic resonance mechanism. The study displays a non-invasive method facilitating novel analyses of the atomic nucleus.
文摘The present study describes the metric expansion of space based on a novel understanding of?gravity and its electromagnetic processes. A singularity in the universe emits electromagnetic energy, which is absorbed by atoms and re-emitted to other atoms. This results in mutual force of attraction, i.e.gravity. We assume that the distance R towards the singularity is constant andr is the distance between two bodies. Then the gravitational force decreases with the decrease of the re-emitted energy, i.e. as 1/r2, and in line with Newtonian gravity and General Relativity. However, the universe orbits the singularity and hence R varies. R increases when a certain part of space travels from the singularity, and whereby the energy re-emitted by atoms decreases as 1/r2R2. Consequently, the gravitational force between bodies decreases as 1/r2R2, resulting in increasing distance between bodies, i.e.metric expansion of space. A theoretical model is presented. The theoretical model describes the mechanisms which results in gravity and expanding space. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of the singularity and gravity waves and the mechanism creating gravity are measured.
文摘The study displays the existence of a gravitational singularity in the universe generating synchronized and extremely low frequency plane TEM (transverse electromagnetic) waves. It is proposed that atomic intrinsic electromagnetic fields create resonance with these plane TEM waves, causing atoms to receive and to re-emit synchronized plane TEM waves. The energy flow of synchronized plane TEM waves, travelling in opposite directions between e.g. two atoms, creates mutual force of attraction, i.e. gravity. Consequently, gravity is not an intrinsic atomic feature;however, the result of passive atoms exposed to electromagnetic energy. The study describes how plane TEM waves emitted by the gravitational singularity were measured. The study also displays how gravity from the earth, moon, sun and the gravitational singularity was measured and how gravity was simulated using an electronic device. The present electromagnetic law of gravity is compared with Newtonian geometric law of gravity.
文摘In the present paper, photon frequency shift, e.g. gravitational red and blueshift, is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on photons, e.g. light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity, and how these characteristics are measured. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism which results in photon frequency shift caused by a gravitational field. The theoretical model gives results similar to General Relativity using Schwarzschild metric. The theoretical model is mapped on black holes.
文摘In the present paper, gravitational and inertial mass are described as one and the same electromagnetic mechanism in atoms and particles. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism creating gravitational and inertial mass. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of gravitational and inertial mass and the mechanism are measured.
文摘The study displays that TEM waves (e.g. radio waves, light) consist of low frequency plane TEM waves where the radio frequency energy or light energy is superpositioned on these low frequency TEM waves. The superpositioned energy can be discrete and where its frequency ν determines its energy hv and where this superpositioned energy hv is the photon. The study shows that photons and TEM waves are described by the laws of electromagnetism. Hence, there is a duality between the photon and the TEM wave and also a duality between electromagnetism and quantum theory in this case. The low frequency plane TEM waves originate from a singularity in universe and have been described earlier. The study describes how energy from a generator, from light bulbs and radio antennas is superpositioned on low frequency TEM waves, resulting in medium frequency TEM waves, radio waves and light. The study displays that light from the sun consists of light energy superpositioned on low frequency TEM waves. The study describes methods enabling measurement of the low frequency plane TEM waves and the superpositioned energy.
文摘In the present paper, gravitational lensing is described as the electromagnetic influence from gravity waves on light waves. Previous reports have described the dynamic electromagnetic processes of the atom, the photon and gravity. Results from these reports have been compiled into a theoretical model. The theoretical model describes the mechanism which results in gravitational lensing. The study also displays how the electromagnetic characteristics of gravity waves and light waves and the mechanism creating gravitational lensing are measured.
