Background:Patients with Fontan physiology are predisposed to congestive hepatopathy,progressive liver fib rosis,and end-stage liver disease.Ulrasound-based shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive tool to diagno...Background:Patients with Fontan physiology are predisposed to congestive hepatopathy,progressive liver fib rosis,and end-stage liver disease.Ulrasound-based shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive tool to diagnose and mnonitor liver fibrosis,We sought to deternine whether the degreeof hemodynanic derangement priorto and after the Fontan operation is associated with irncreased liverstiffness measured by SWE.Methods:A single-center retrospectivestudy of patients with Pontan circulationwho underwert ultrasound elastography between 2008 and 2024 was conducted,Liver stiffness wasmeasuued by SWE and teported as vlocity in n/s.Henodynanic assessmert with catrdiac cathetaizationand echocardiograms were collected before and after the Fontan operation,Data was analyzed as acontinuous(lineat regression model)and a dichotomous variable(t-test).Results:78 pcst-Fortan ultrasoundelactography studies pt fotmedin 56 patients wee analyzed.Pre-Fontan hemnodyrnarrics ircluded medianeffective pulmonary flow of 2.45 L/min/m^(2)[2.21,3.16](p=0.46)ventricular end-diastolic pressure of10 mmHg[8,10.5](p=0.77),and median Glenn ptessue of 12 mmHg[13,15](p=0.83).Post-Fontan mediansystemnic cardiac index was 2.80 L/min/m^(2)[2.4,3.34](p=0.93),median ventricular end-diastolic pressureof 12 mmHg[13.5,14](p=0.99),median systenic saturation of 93%[87,96](p=0.77),median indexedpulmonary vasculat resistance of 1.80 WU·m^(2)[1.49,2.37](p=0.93),and median Fontan ptessue of 18 mmHg[16,21](p=0.86).No corelation was found between SWE and hemodynamics.On echoc ardiography,no correlation was found between SWE and systenic vantricular systolic function(p=0.35)or degree ofsystenic atriovertricula valve regurgitation (p=0.35).Conclusions:The degree of liver stffness by SWEinthis cohort did not correlate withpre and post-Fontan hermodynarnics on cat diac catheterization,degr ee ofverntriculat dysfuntiony or severity of atrioventriculat valve regurgitation by echocardiography.展开更多
Early diagnosis of breast cancer,the most common disease among women around the world,increases the chance of treatment and is highly important.Nuclear atypia grading in histopathological images plays an important rol...Early diagnosis of breast cancer,the most common disease among women around the world,increases the chance of treatment and is highly important.Nuclear atypia grading in histopathological images plays an important role in the final diagnosis and grading ofbreast cancer.Grading images by pathologists is a time consuming and subjective task.Therefore,the existence of a computer-aided system for nuclear atypia grading is very useful and necessary;In this stud%two automatic systems for grading nuclear atypia in breast cancer histopathological images based on deep learning methods are proposed.A patch-based approach is introduced due to the large size of the histopathological images and restriction of the training data.In the proposed system I,the most important patches in the image are detected first and then a three-hidden-layer convolutional neural network(CNN)is designed and trained for feature extraction and to classify the patches individually.The proposed system II is based on a combination of the CNN for feature extraction and a two-layer Long short-term memoty(LSTM)network for classification.The LSTM network is utilised to consider all patches of an image simultaneously for image grading.The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed systems for automatic nuclear atypia grading and outperform the current related studies in the literature.展开更多
Relation extraction between entity pairs is an increasingly critical area in natural language processing.Recently the pre-trained bidirectional encoder representation from transformer(BERT)performs excellendy on the t...Relation extraction between entity pairs is an increasingly critical area in natural language processing.Recently the pre-trained bidirectional encoder representation from transformer(BERT)performs excellendy on the text classification or sequence labelling tasks.Here,the high-level syntactic features that consider the dependency between each word and the target entities into the pre-trained language models are incorporated.Our model also utilizes the intermediate layers of BERT to acquire different levels of semantic information and designs multi-granularity features for final relation classification.Our model offers a momentous improvement over the published methods for the relation extraction on the widely used data sets.展开更多
The thermal-mechanical coupling finite element method(FEM)was usedto simulate a non-isothermal sheet metal extrusion process. On thebasis of the finite plasticity consistent with multiplicativedecomposition of the def...The thermal-mechanical coupling finite element method(FEM)was usedto simulate a non-isothermal sheet metal extrusion process. On thebasis of the finite plasticity consistent with multiplicativedecomposition of the deformation gradient, the enhanced as- sumedstrain(EAS)FEM was applied to carry out the numerical simulation. Inorder to make the computation reliable ad avoid hour- glass mode inthe EAS element under large compressive strains, an alterative formof the original enhanced deformation gradient was employed. Inaddition, reduced factors were used in the computation of the elementlocal internal parameters and the enhanced part of elementalstiffness.展开更多
The effects of the addition of O - 1.2wt. % Ni and 0 - 2wt. % Co in F92 steel weld metal on its A L temperature was analyzed using computational thermodynamic software （ Thermo-CalcTM ） in this paper. The results in...The effects of the addition of O - 1.2wt. % Ni and 0 - 2wt. % Co in F92 steel weld metal on its A L temperature was analyzed using computational thermodynamic software （ Thermo-CalcTM ） in this paper. The results indicate that both Ni and Co decrease the A, of P92 .steel weld metal, and each elements has a pronounced linear relationship with the At. The il^fluence of Ni on A,I is much larger than that of Co. In order to evaluate effects of Co and Ni in combination on AI of P92 .steel weld metal, an equation Ni = Ni ＋ O. 096Co was developed. According to the formula, the decreaing effect of Co on A., is jun about 1 / 10 of that of Ni. For welding consumables of P92 steel, the .substitution of Co for Ni （part or whole） could be an appropriate way to avoid the strong reduction of A and improve the properties of weld metal.展开更多
Copepod fecal pellets are ubiquitous throughout the oceans. Their production and export can represent a highly efficient pathway of carbon export. However, the role these fecal pellets play in carbon export in the Cha...Copepod fecal pellets are ubiquitous throughout the oceans. Their production and export can represent a highly efficient pathway of carbon export. However, the role these fecal pellets play in carbon export in the Changjiang(Yangtze) River estuary is not well known. Two cruises were carried out in the Changjiang estuary in the spring and summer of 2013, during which time carbon biomass, production, and export of copepod fecal pellets were studied. Spring and summer fecal pellet carbon biomass ranged 0.30–1.01 mg C/m^3(mean=0.56±0.20 mg C/m^3) and 0.31–1.18 mg C/m^3(mean=0.64±0.24 mg C/m^3), respectively, significantly lower than phytoplankton. At most stations, fecal pellet carbon biomass was higher in surface or subsurface layers than deeper layers. Production rates ranged 0.65–1.49 pellets/(ind.?h)(mean=1.02±0.27 pellets/(ind.?h)) in spring and 0.62–1.34 pellets/(ind.?h)(mean=0.98±0.22 pellets/(ind.?h)) in summer, within the range reported in previous studies. Higher production rates of fecal pellets occurred at stations with higher chlorophyll a concentrations, and production rates of copepods of size 500–1 000 μm greater than copepods >1 000 μm during both cruises. The potential export flux of fecal pellets was slightly higher in summer(mean=68.95±14.37 mg C/(m^2 ?d)) than spring(mean=52.08±11.33 mg C/(m^2 ?d)) owing to higher summer copepod abundances. To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the Changjiang estuary, and it confirms the significant role of copepod fecal pellets in local carbon export.展开更多
The present research was conducted in Zandra village of Ziarat district in the province of Balochistan. Anthropological research techniques were used to collect empirical data. In this article, an effort has been made...The present research was conducted in Zandra village of Ziarat district in the province of Balochistan. Anthropological research techniques were used to collect empirical data. In this article, an effort has been made to understand the natives’ cultural beliefs and practices in health care sector. The main focus of this research was to understand the nature of development, internal and external factors responsible for the changes and the actual beneficiaries of the development. An effort has also been made to find out the health care systems working in the village which included both faith healing and allopathic medicines. Initially the natives were using traditional and spiritual healing systems, but now as their economic condition and literacy rate are increasing, they are more inclined towards the modern methods of treatment. During the last 3 decades, many changes have been witnessed. Awareness through media and shift from subsistence to market economy have increased the use of allopathic medicines due to the fact that the natives have started opting for secondary sources of income. Besides, researcher’s endeavor to explore the shift from traditional to modern healthcare and the disparity between natives’ health related beliefs and practices, the impact of which has been analyzed in light of world system theory at micro level.展开更多
This paper deals with research findings regarding horticulture, a major sources of income in the Village Zandra, District Ziarat in the province of Balochistan. Initially the natives were earning their livelihood thro...This paper deals with research findings regarding horticulture, a major sources of income in the Village Zandra, District Ziarat in the province of Balochistan. Initially the natives were earning their livelihood through horticulture only. The main contribution was coming through apple production. The process of tree plantation and the people involved in horticulture economy have been discussed in this article. During the last 3 decades few changes have been witnessed. Shift from subsistence to market economy has increased the lust for money due to which the natives have started opting for secondary sources of income. In horticulture they have started using technology, pesticides and chemical fertilizers to maximize their production and profit. They are also switching over to the cultivation of profitable types of apple. The impact of these changes has been analyzed in light of world system theory at micro level. The data presented in this paper have been collected by using qualitative anthropological research techniques.展开更多
In this paper we study the Hardy type estimates for commutators Tb of standard Calder(o)n-Zygmund singular integral operators T with a Lipschitz function b. The corresponding results are also obtained on the commutato...In this paper we study the Hardy type estimates for commutators Tb of standard Calder(o)n-Zygmund singular integral operators T with a Lipschitz function b. The corresponding results are also obtained on the commutators Sb generated by b with singular integral operators S with variable kernels.展开更多
A double embedding model of inletting reinforcement grain and hollow matrix ball into the effective media of the particulate-reinforced composite is advanced. And with this model the distributions of thermal stress in...A double embedding model of inletting reinforcement grain and hollow matrix ball into the effective media of the particulate-reinforced composite is advanced. And with this model the distributions of thermal stress in different phases of the composite during cooling are studied. Various expressions for predicting elastic and elastoplastic thermal stresses are derived. It is found that the reinforcement suffers compressive hydrostatic stress and the hydrostatic stress in matrix zone is a tensile one when temperature decreases; when temperature further decreases, yield area in matrix forms; when the volume fraction of reinforcement is enlarged, compressive stress on grain and tensile hydrostatic stress in matrix zone decrease; the initial temperature difference of the interface of reinforcement and matrix yielding rises, while that for the matrix yielding overall decreases.展开更多
The accuracy of noise estimation directly affects the quality of speech enhancement algorithm.To improve the noise suppression effect of current speech enhancement algorithm when noise is estimated and effectively sol...The accuracy of noise estimation directly affects the quality of speech enhancement algorithm.To improve the noise suppression effect of current speech enhancement algorithm when noise is estimated and effectively solve the unconstrained optimization problem,a time-frequency mask algorithm based on DNN combined with convex optimization is proposed for monaural speech enhancement.Firstly,the power spectra of noisy speech is extracted as the input of DNN.Secondly,the inter-channel correlation factor between noise and noisy speech is taken as the training target of DNN.Next,the objective function of convex optimization is constructed by using the correlation factor obtained from DNN model.Finally,a new hybrid conjugate gradient method combined with convex optimization,is used for iterative processing on an initial mask.The final mask is used to obtain the enhanced speech.Compared with conventional methods,the simulation results show that under different background noise with low SNR,the obtained ratio mask makes the enhanced speech achieve better LSD,PESQ,STOI and segSNR indices,and improves the overall quality of speech and can effectively suppress noise.展开更多
基金Our study used RedCap(Grant UL1TR001427.Together:Transforming and TranslatingDiscovery to Improve Health.David Nelson).
文摘Background:Patients with Fontan physiology are predisposed to congestive hepatopathy,progressive liver fib rosis,and end-stage liver disease.Ulrasound-based shear wave elastography(SWE)is a non-invasive tool to diagnose and mnonitor liver fibrosis,We sought to deternine whether the degreeof hemodynanic derangement priorto and after the Fontan operation is associated with irncreased liverstiffness measured by SWE.Methods:A single-center retrospectivestudy of patients with Pontan circulationwho underwert ultrasound elastography between 2008 and 2024 was conducted,Liver stiffness wasmeasuued by SWE and teported as vlocity in n/s.Henodynanic assessmert with catrdiac cathetaizationand echocardiograms were collected before and after the Fontan operation,Data was analyzed as acontinuous(lineat regression model)and a dichotomous variable(t-test).Results:78 pcst-Fortan ultrasoundelactography studies pt fotmedin 56 patients wee analyzed.Pre-Fontan hemnodyrnarrics ircluded medianeffective pulmonary flow of 2.45 L/min/m^(2)[2.21,3.16](p=0.46)ventricular end-diastolic pressure of10 mmHg[8,10.5](p=0.77),and median Glenn ptessue of 12 mmHg[13,15](p=0.83).Post-Fontan mediansystemnic cardiac index was 2.80 L/min/m^(2)[2.4,3.34](p=0.93),median ventricular end-diastolic pressureof 12 mmHg[13.5,14](p=0.99),median systenic saturation of 93%[87,96](p=0.77),median indexedpulmonary vasculat resistance of 1.80 WU·m^(2)[1.49,2.37](p=0.93),and median Fontan ptessue of 18 mmHg[16,21](p=0.86).No corelation was found between SWE and hemodynamics.On echoc ardiography,no correlation was found between SWE and systenic vantricular systolic function(p=0.35)or degree ofsystenic atriovertricula valve regurgitation (p=0.35).Conclusions:The degree of liver stffness by SWEinthis cohort did not correlate withpre and post-Fontan hermodynarnics on cat diac catheterization,degr ee ofverntriculat dysfuntiony or severity of atrioventriculat valve regurgitation by echocardiography.
文摘Early diagnosis of breast cancer,the most common disease among women around the world,increases the chance of treatment and is highly important.Nuclear atypia grading in histopathological images plays an important role in the final diagnosis and grading ofbreast cancer.Grading images by pathologists is a time consuming and subjective task.Therefore,the existence of a computer-aided system for nuclear atypia grading is very useful and necessary;In this stud%two automatic systems for grading nuclear atypia in breast cancer histopathological images based on deep learning methods are proposed.A patch-based approach is introduced due to the large size of the histopathological images and restriction of the training data.In the proposed system I,the most important patches in the image are detected first and then a three-hidden-layer convolutional neural network(CNN)is designed and trained for feature extraction and to classify the patches individually.The proposed system II is based on a combination of the CNN for feature extraction and a two-layer Long short-term memoty(LSTM)network for classification.The LSTM network is utilised to consider all patches of an image simultaneously for image grading.The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed systems for automatic nuclear atypia grading and outperform the current related studies in the literature.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2016YFB1000905the State Key Ptogtam of National Nature Science Foundatioii of China,Grant/Award Numbet:61936001。
文摘Relation extraction between entity pairs is an increasingly critical area in natural language processing.Recently the pre-trained bidirectional encoder representation from transformer(BERT)performs excellendy on the text classification or sequence labelling tasks.Here,the high-level syntactic features that consider the dependency between each word and the target entities into the pre-trained language models are incorporated.Our model also utilizes the intermediate layers of BERT to acquire different levels of semantic information and designs multi-granularity features for final relation classification.Our model offers a momentous improvement over the published methods for the relation extraction on the widely used data sets.
基金[This work was financially supported by a research grant from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (No.G-V694).]
文摘The thermal-mechanical coupling finite element method(FEM)was usedto simulate a non-isothermal sheet metal extrusion process. On thebasis of the finite plasticity consistent with multiplicativedecomposition of the deformation gradient, the enhanced as- sumedstrain(EAS)FEM was applied to carry out the numerical simulation. Inorder to make the computation reliable ad avoid hour- glass mode inthe EAS element under large compressive strains, an alterative formof the original enhanced deformation gradient was employed. Inaddition, reduced factors were used in the computation of the elementlocal internal parameters and the enhanced part of elementalstiffness.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（ No. 51074113 ） , the Fundamental Research Funds for the CenLral Universities （ No. 115005 ）.
文摘The effects of the addition of O - 1.2wt. % Ni and 0 - 2wt. % Co in F92 steel weld metal on its A L temperature was analyzed using computational thermodynamic software （ Thermo-CalcTM ） in this paper. The results indicate that both Ni and Co decrease the A, of P92 .steel weld metal, and each elements has a pronounced linear relationship with the At. The il^fluence of Ni on A,I is much larger than that of Co. In order to evaluate effects of Co and Ni in combination on AI of P92 .steel weld metal, an equation Ni = Ni ＋ O. 096Co was developed. According to the formula, the decreaing effect of Co on A., is jun about 1 / 10 of that of Ni. For welding consumables of P92 steel, the .substitution of Co for Ni （part or whole） could be an appropriate way to avoid the strong reduction of A and improve the properties of weld metal.
基金Supported by the Innovation Plan of Science and Technology for Ao Shan(No.2016ASKJ02)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2014CB441504)+1 种基金the “Strategic Priority Research Program-Western Pacific Ocean System” of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA11030204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31700425)
文摘Copepod fecal pellets are ubiquitous throughout the oceans. Their production and export can represent a highly efficient pathway of carbon export. However, the role these fecal pellets play in carbon export in the Changjiang(Yangtze) River estuary is not well known. Two cruises were carried out in the Changjiang estuary in the spring and summer of 2013, during which time carbon biomass, production, and export of copepod fecal pellets were studied. Spring and summer fecal pellet carbon biomass ranged 0.30–1.01 mg C/m^3(mean=0.56±0.20 mg C/m^3) and 0.31–1.18 mg C/m^3(mean=0.64±0.24 mg C/m^3), respectively, significantly lower than phytoplankton. At most stations, fecal pellet carbon biomass was higher in surface or subsurface layers than deeper layers. Production rates ranged 0.65–1.49 pellets/(ind.?h)(mean=1.02±0.27 pellets/(ind.?h)) in spring and 0.62–1.34 pellets/(ind.?h)(mean=0.98±0.22 pellets/(ind.?h)) in summer, within the range reported in previous studies. Higher production rates of fecal pellets occurred at stations with higher chlorophyll a concentrations, and production rates of copepods of size 500–1 000 μm greater than copepods >1 000 μm during both cruises. The potential export flux of fecal pellets was slightly higher in summer(mean=68.95±14.37 mg C/(m^2 ?d)) than spring(mean=52.08±11.33 mg C/(m^2 ?d)) owing to higher summer copepod abundances. To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the Changjiang estuary, and it confirms the significant role of copepod fecal pellets in local carbon export.
文摘The present research was conducted in Zandra village of Ziarat district in the province of Balochistan. Anthropological research techniques were used to collect empirical data. In this article, an effort has been made to understand the natives’ cultural beliefs and practices in health care sector. The main focus of this research was to understand the nature of development, internal and external factors responsible for the changes and the actual beneficiaries of the development. An effort has also been made to find out the health care systems working in the village which included both faith healing and allopathic medicines. Initially the natives were using traditional and spiritual healing systems, but now as their economic condition and literacy rate are increasing, they are more inclined towards the modern methods of treatment. During the last 3 decades, many changes have been witnessed. Awareness through media and shift from subsistence to market economy have increased the use of allopathic medicines due to the fact that the natives have started opting for secondary sources of income. Besides, researcher’s endeavor to explore the shift from traditional to modern healthcare and the disparity between natives’ health related beliefs and practices, the impact of which has been analyzed in light of world system theory at micro level.
文摘This paper deals with research findings regarding horticulture, a major sources of income in the Village Zandra, District Ziarat in the province of Balochistan. Initially the natives were earning their livelihood through horticulture only. The main contribution was coming through apple production. The process of tree plantation and the people involved in horticulture economy have been discussed in this article. During the last 3 decades few changes have been witnessed. Shift from subsistence to market economy has increased the lust for money due to which the natives have started opting for secondary sources of income. In horticulture they have started using technology, pesticides and chemical fertilizers to maximize their production and profit. They are also switching over to the cultivation of profitable types of apple. The impact of these changes has been analyzed in light of world system theory at micro level. The data presented in this paper have been collected by using qualitative anthropological research techniques.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10041005&10171045).
文摘In this paper we study the Hardy type estimates for commutators Tb of standard Calder(o)n-Zygmund singular integral operators T with a Lipschitz function b. The corresponding results are also obtained on the commutators Sb generated by b with singular integral operators S with variable kernels.
基金Project supported by the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation and Metal Strength Laboratory of Xi'an Jiaotong University.
文摘A double embedding model of inletting reinforcement grain and hollow matrix ball into the effective media of the particulate-reinforced composite is advanced. And with this model the distributions of thermal stress in different phases of the composite during cooling are studied. Various expressions for predicting elastic and elastoplastic thermal stresses are derived. It is found that the reinforcement suffers compressive hydrostatic stress and the hydrostatic stress in matrix zone is a tensile one when temperature decreases; when temperature further decreases, yield area in matrix forms; when the volume fraction of reinforcement is enlarged, compressive stress on grain and tensile hydrostatic stress in matrix zone decrease; the initial temperature difference of the interface of reinforcement and matrix yielding rises, while that for the matrix yielding overall decreases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671095,61702065,61701067,61771085)the Project of Key Laboratory of Signal and Information Processing of Chongqing(CSTC2009CA2003)+1 种基金the Chongqing Graduate Research and Innovation Project(CYS19248)the Research Project of Chongqing Educational Commission(KJ1600427,KJ1600429).
文摘The accuracy of noise estimation directly affects the quality of speech enhancement algorithm.To improve the noise suppression effect of current speech enhancement algorithm when noise is estimated and effectively solve the unconstrained optimization problem,a time-frequency mask algorithm based on DNN combined with convex optimization is proposed for monaural speech enhancement.Firstly,the power spectra of noisy speech is extracted as the input of DNN.Secondly,the inter-channel correlation factor between noise and noisy speech is taken as the training target of DNN.Next,the objective function of convex optimization is constructed by using the correlation factor obtained from DNN model.Finally,a new hybrid conjugate gradient method combined with convex optimization,is used for iterative processing on an initial mask.The final mask is used to obtain the enhanced speech.Compared with conventional methods,the simulation results show that under different background noise with low SNR,the obtained ratio mask makes the enhanced speech achieve better LSD,PESQ,STOI and segSNR indices,and improves the overall quality of speech and can effectively suppress noise.
