Objective: To assess the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk factors among marathon runners during Beirut-Marathon 2014. Methods: A total of 325 marathon runners were divided into 42 km and ...Objective: To assess the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk factors among marathon runners during Beirut-Marathon 2014. Methods: A total of 325 marathon runners were divided into 42 km and 10 km groups. They were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors by measuring their BP and answering a questionnaire. The questionnaire composed of 22 questions related to demographic information, risk factors, medical history, family history, medical checkups, use of antihypertensive drugs and definition of hyponatremia. Results: There were 30 runners in the 42 km group and 295 in the 10 km group interviewed. The majority of 42 km runners were males 29 (96.7%) vs. 205 (69.5%) in the 10 km group, (P = 0.001). The 42 km group was older than 10 km group (47 ± 13.8 years vs. 38.5 ± 14.6 years;P = 0.0025). The prevalence of hypertension was 46.7% in the 42 km group as compared to 31.2% in the 10 km group (P = 0.08). Systolic BP (SBP) was higher in 42 km group vs. 10 km group (143 ± 22.4 mm Hg vs. 129.9 ± 17.8 mm Hg;P = 0.0004). The heart rate was lower among 42 km vs. 10 km group (71 ± 11.1 bpm vs. 84 ± 16 bpm;P Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of HTN among marathon runners but minorities were aware that they have hypertension. The 42 km runners tend to be older with higher systolic blood pressure as compared to the 10 km runners.展开更多
Background The WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region(EMR)faces major social,economic,and demographic challenges,with nearly half of its countries affected by conflicts that severely disrupt health systems.This study compar...Background The WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region(EMR)faces major social,economic,and demographic challenges,with nearly half of its countries affected by conflicts that severely disrupt health systems.This study compared antimicrobial resistance(AMR)rates and surveillance efforts in conflict-affected,fragile,and non-conflict countries,further subdivided by income.Methods Data on bacteriologically confirmed bloodstream infections(BC-BSIs)from 2017 to 2021 were extracted from the WHO GLASS database.Countries were classified as conflict-affected,fragile,or non-conflict(subdivided by income)using World Bank criteria.Descriptive statistics(mean±SD)were calculated,and group comparisons were performed using unpaired t-tests with Welch’s correction.Mean differences(MD)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were reported.Results Conflict-affected countries reported significantly fewer surveillance sites than non-conflict countries(MD:0.60,95%CI:0.361 to 0.836,P<0.001)and fewer BC-BSIs per million population(MD:31.00,95%CI:17.210 to 44.790,P<0.001).In conflict zones,Acinetobacter spp.and S.aureus represented a higher proportion of BSIs compared to nonconflict countries(Acinetobacter spp.MD:-11.86,95%CI:-27.130 to 3.399,P=0.099;S.aureus MD:-10.68,95%CI:-30.030 to 8.680,P=0.203).Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter spp.exceeded 65%across the groups,peaking in fragile zones(83.38%).Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E.coli(3GCREC)prevalence ranged from 47.99%to 76.34%,peaking in conflict zones(76.34%).Carbapenem-resistant E.coli(CREC)prevalence ranged from 2.31%to 15.95%,highest in non-conflict low-middle income countries(15.95%).Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K.pneumoniae(3GCRKP)exceeded 50%in all groups,peaking in conflict zones(80.42%).The prevalence of carbapenemresistant K.pneumoniae(CRKP)ranged from 14.49%to 45.70%,peaking in conflict zones and non-conflict low-middle income countries(45.70%).Methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)exceeded 30%,peaking in conflict zones(70.09%).Conclusions Conflict-affected countries have weaker AMR surveillance and lower BC-BSI detection but a higher burden of resistant pathogens,notably carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp.and MRSA.Tailored strategies are essential to restore infrastructure,strengthen surveillance,and mitigate the long-term impact of AMR in these zones.展开更多
文摘Objective: To assess the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk factors among marathon runners during Beirut-Marathon 2014. Methods: A total of 325 marathon runners were divided into 42 km and 10 km groups. They were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors by measuring their BP and answering a questionnaire. The questionnaire composed of 22 questions related to demographic information, risk factors, medical history, family history, medical checkups, use of antihypertensive drugs and definition of hyponatremia. Results: There were 30 runners in the 42 km group and 295 in the 10 km group interviewed. The majority of 42 km runners were males 29 (96.7%) vs. 205 (69.5%) in the 10 km group, (P = 0.001). The 42 km group was older than 10 km group (47 ± 13.8 years vs. 38.5 ± 14.6 years;P = 0.0025). The prevalence of hypertension was 46.7% in the 42 km group as compared to 31.2% in the 10 km group (P = 0.08). Systolic BP (SBP) was higher in 42 km group vs. 10 km group (143 ± 22.4 mm Hg vs. 129.9 ± 17.8 mm Hg;P = 0.0004). The heart rate was lower among 42 km vs. 10 km group (71 ± 11.1 bpm vs. 84 ± 16 bpm;P Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of HTN among marathon runners but minorities were aware that they have hypertension. The 42 km runners tend to be older with higher systolic blood pressure as compared to the 10 km runners.
文摘Background The WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region(EMR)faces major social,economic,and demographic challenges,with nearly half of its countries affected by conflicts that severely disrupt health systems.This study compared antimicrobial resistance(AMR)rates and surveillance efforts in conflict-affected,fragile,and non-conflict countries,further subdivided by income.Methods Data on bacteriologically confirmed bloodstream infections(BC-BSIs)from 2017 to 2021 were extracted from the WHO GLASS database.Countries were classified as conflict-affected,fragile,or non-conflict(subdivided by income)using World Bank criteria.Descriptive statistics(mean±SD)were calculated,and group comparisons were performed using unpaired t-tests with Welch’s correction.Mean differences(MD)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were reported.Results Conflict-affected countries reported significantly fewer surveillance sites than non-conflict countries(MD:0.60,95%CI:0.361 to 0.836,P<0.001)and fewer BC-BSIs per million population(MD:31.00,95%CI:17.210 to 44.790,P<0.001).In conflict zones,Acinetobacter spp.and S.aureus represented a higher proportion of BSIs compared to nonconflict countries(Acinetobacter spp.MD:-11.86,95%CI:-27.130 to 3.399,P=0.099;S.aureus MD:-10.68,95%CI:-30.030 to 8.680,P=0.203).Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter spp.exceeded 65%across the groups,peaking in fragile zones(83.38%).Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E.coli(3GCREC)prevalence ranged from 47.99%to 76.34%,peaking in conflict zones(76.34%).Carbapenem-resistant E.coli(CREC)prevalence ranged from 2.31%to 15.95%,highest in non-conflict low-middle income countries(15.95%).Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K.pneumoniae(3GCRKP)exceeded 50%in all groups,peaking in conflict zones(80.42%).The prevalence of carbapenemresistant K.pneumoniae(CRKP)ranged from 14.49%to 45.70%,peaking in conflict zones and non-conflict low-middle income countries(45.70%).Methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)exceeded 30%,peaking in conflict zones(70.09%).Conclusions Conflict-affected countries have weaker AMR surveillance and lower BC-BSI detection but a higher burden of resistant pathogens,notably carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp.and MRSA.Tailored strategies are essential to restore infrastructure,strengthen surveillance,and mitigate the long-term impact of AMR in these zones.
