There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after diagnosis.Given that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 poly...There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after diagnosis.Given that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic pathway.First,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal denervation.Four weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 weeks.During this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or not.Docosahexaenoic acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta.However,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned striatum.Compared to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned striatum.The present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical cord.MSCs have gained significa...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical cord.MSCs have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue repair.MSCs enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC secretome.An increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)interrupts the flow of information between the brain and the spinal cord,thus leading to a loss of sensory information and motor paralysis of the body below the lesion.Surprisingly,most SCIs are...Spinal cord injury(SCI)interrupts the flow of information between the brain and the spinal cord,thus leading to a loss of sensory information and motor paralysis of the body below the lesion.Surprisingly,most SCIs are incomplete and spare supraspinal pathways,especially those located within the peripheral white matter of the spinal cord,which includes reticulospinal pathways originating from the medullary reticular formation.Whereas there is abundant literature about the motor cortex,its corticospinal pathway,and its capacity to modulate functional recovery after SCI,less is known about the medullary reticular formation and its reticulospinal pathway.展开更多
Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is...Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is difficult.An autonomous scarifying and planting system(Autoplant)could meet the requirements of the forest industry and,for this,a tool for regeneration planning and routing is needed.The tool,Pathfinder,plans the regeneration and routes based on the harvested production(hpr)files,soil moisture and parent material maps,no-go areas(for culture or nature conservation),digital elevation models(DEM),and machine data(e.g.,working width,critical slope,time taken for different turn angles).The overall planting solution is either a set of capacity constrained routes or a continuous route and could be used for any planting machine as well as for traditional scarifiers as disc trenchers or mounders pulled by forwarders.Pathfinder was tested on eleven regeneration areas throughout Sweden,both with continuous routes and routes based on a carrying capacity of 1500 seedlings.The net operation area,species and seedling density suggestions were deemed relevant by expert judgement in the field.The routes provided by Pathfinder were compared with solutions given by two experienced drivers and a third solution based on the actual soil scarification at the site.Total driving distance did not differ significantly between the suggestions,but Pathfinder included less side-slope driving on steep slopes(≥27%or 15°)and medium slopes(15–27%).The chosen threshold value for steep slopes(where side-slope driving should be avoided)affects the routing,and a lower threshold means more turning and longer driving distance.Pathfinder is not only a tool for routing of planting machines,but also helps in planning of traditional regeneration by providing a more correct net area and tree species suggestions based on the growth of the previous stand.It also diminishes the risk of severe soil disturbance by excluding the wettest area in the planning.展开更多
Background:The absence of well-established immunosuppressed rabbit models poses a significant hurdle in xenograft experiments.Tacrolimus has been identified as a highly promising immunosuppressive agent for rabbits.Ho...Background:The absence of well-established immunosuppressed rabbit models poses a significant hurdle in xenograft experiments.Tacrolimus has been identified as a highly promising immunosuppressive agent for rabbits.However,determining the optimal dosage and route of administration to minimize toxicity while maintaining efficacy remains challenging.Methods:In this study,we investigated the effect of orally administered tacrolimus in rabbits,with an aim to achieve a whole blood target trough level of 3-10 ng/m L,and looked at signs of tissue rejection after the transplantation of a human nerve conduit to repair a severed fibular nerve.An oral dosage range of 0.25-1.5 mg/kg/d was studied for up to 1 year in 63 New Zealand rabbits.Results:We demonstrated the feasibility of long-term grafting in rabbits while maintaining safe immunosuppression,with side effects mainly limited to diarrhea.Customizing the administered dose proved crucial for graft efficacy and low toxicity,which translated into 100%individual survival.We suggest an oral tacrolimus dose of 1.0-1.5 mg/kg depending on individual heterogeneity and recommend to implement a close therapeutic drug monitoring in the rabbits to maintain a whole blood tacrolimus trough level within the range of 5-12 ng/m L,as levels below 5 ng/m L showed signs of inflammation in the graft.Conclusion:The oral administration of tacrolimus enabled efficient immunosuppression of rabbits over a 1-year period without significant side effects or loss of animals.展开更多
Febrile infants are at greater risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBI),which include bacterial meningitis and bacteremia.Although bacterial meningitis is uncommon,^([1-2])it remains a concern for clinicians treati...Febrile infants are at greater risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBI),which include bacterial meningitis and bacteremia.Although bacterial meningitis is uncommon,^([1-2])it remains a concern for clinicians treating infants younger than 90 d.Guidelines for investigating fever without a source(meaning without an apparent source of infection,or of nonobvious origin) are numerous around the world but remain conflicting,particularly on whether to perform a lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in infants older than 22 d and hence at lower risk than younger infants.展开更多
Objectives:Glioblastoma(GB)is a grade IV glial tumor characterized by high malignancy and dismal prognosis,primarily due to high recurrence rates and therapeutic resistance.The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),a...Objectives:Glioblastoma(GB)is a grade IV glial tumor characterized by high malignancy and dismal prognosis,primarily due to high recurrence rates and therapeutic resistance.The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),a receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK),regulates signaling pathways,including cell growth,proliferation,survival,migration,and cell death.Many cancers utilize immune checkpoints(ICs)to attenuate immune responses.CD73 is an enzyme that functions as an IC by hydrolyzing AMP to adenosine,suppressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.However,the role of CD73 in resistance to EGFR inhibitors is poorly understood.This study aims to elucidate the resistance mechanisms induced by anti-EGFR treatment and to evaluate an anti-CD73 approach to overcome resistance mediated by anti-EGFR monotherapy.Methods:The U251 GB cell line was treated with AG1478,an EGFR inhibitor,and the resistance markers MRP-1,PD-L1,and CD73 were evaluated using flow cytometry.Additionally,we assessed the combination effects of AG1478 and APCP(an EGFR and a CD73 inhibitor,respectively)on cell cycle progression,proliferation,apoptosis,and migration in vitro.Results:We observed high EGFR,PD-L1,and CD73 expression in human GB cells.The treatment with AG1478 increased the expression of resistance markers MRP-1,PD-L1,and CD73,whereas it decreased CTLA-4.The combination of AG1478 and APCP did not alter proliferation or apoptosis but interfered with cell cycling,arresting the cells in the G1 phase,decreasing cell motility and partially reversing MRP-1 overexpression.Conclusion:In summary,our findings indicate that CD73 inhibition has a modest effect in overcoming resistance to EGFR monotherapy in vitro.Thus,further in vivo studies are needed,as the inhibition of both EGFR and CD73 affects cells in the tumor microenvironment and could potentially enhance anti-tumor immunity.展开更多
The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessmen...The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)methodology and the environmental payback concept to analyze the effects of the application of a nano-silica coating on a solar PV system installed in the Brazilian Northeast.Firstly,an uncoated reference 16.4 MW PV system is designed,and the detailed inventory is presented(PV panels,supporting structure,inverters,junction boxes,cables,transportation,maintenance and operation-including the replacement of equipment).The results of the LCA quantify the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the PV system.Electricity production is estimated by technical and local climate data.Subsequently,the environmental payback time of the system is calculated,which is the time required for the PV system to offset the emissions associated with system manufacturing,operation,and disposal.This is the first Brazilian study to verify the effects of a self-cleaning coating on a solar PV system throughout its lifetime,compared to the uncoated(reference system).The original photovoltaic system emitted 22,534,773 kg CO_(2)-eq,with an environmental payback of 5 years and 1 day.When the self-cleaning coating is applied,the emissions are 21,511,317 kg CO_(2)-eq(almost 5%lower)with a payback of 4 years,1 month and 26 days.The application of self-cleaning coatings reduces the required area for installation(due to increased efficiency),and not only reduces emissions but is also aligned with global sustainability targets and contributes to the concept of sustainable and intelligent cities.展开更多
There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in swine.The effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmi...There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in swine.The effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are unknown.Metagenomics and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious agents.Air particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air samplers.Extracted DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput sequencing.Porcine astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air samples.Porcine torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were dominant.The phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.展开更多
Background: Prematurely-born individuals tend to exhibit higher resting oxidative stress, although evidence suggests they may be more resistant to acute hypoxia-induced redox balance alterations. We aimed to investiga...Background: Prematurely-born individuals tend to exhibit higher resting oxidative stress, although evidence suggests they may be more resistant to acute hypoxia-induced redox balance alterations. We aimed to investigate the redox balance changes across a 3-day hypobaric hypoxic exposure at 3375 m in healthy adults born preterm(gestational age ≤ 32 weeks) and their term-born(gestational age ≥ 38 weeks)counterparts.Methods: Resting venous blood was obtained in normoxia(prior to altitude exposure), immediately upon arrival to altitude, and the following 3mornings. Antioxidant(superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase(GPx), and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)),pro-oxidant(xanthine oxidase(XO) and myeloperoxidase(MPO)) enzyme activity, oxidative stress markers(advanced oxidation protein product(AOPP) and malondialdehyde(MDA)), nitric oxide(NO) metabolites(nitrites, nitrates, and total nitrite and nitrate(NOx)), and nitrotyrosine were measured in plasma.Results: SOD increased only in the preterm group(p < 0.05). Catalase increased at arrival in preterm group(p < 0.05). XO activity increased at Day 3 for the preterm group, while it increased acutely(arrival and Day 1) in control group. MPO increased in both groups throughout the3 days(p < 0.05). AOPP only increased at arrival in the preterm(p < 0.05) whereas it decreased at arrival up to Day 3(p < 0.05) for control.MDA decreased in control group from arrival onward. Nitrotyrosine decreased in both groups(p < 0.05). Nitrites increased on Day 3(p < 0.05)in control group and decreased on Day 1(p < 0.05) in preterm group.Conclusion: These data indicate that antioxidant enzymes seem to increase immediately upon hypoxic exposure in preterm adults. Conversely, the blunted pro-oxidant enzyme response to prolonged hypoxia exposure suggests that these enzymes may be less sensitive in preterm individuals.These findings lend further support to the potential hypoxic preconditioning effect of preterm birth.展开更多
The presence of heterozygous individuals in a population is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity,which can positively affect fitness and adaptability to environmental changes.While inbreeding generally reduces th...The presence of heterozygous individuals in a population is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity,which can positively affect fitness and adaptability to environmental changes.While inbreeding generally reduces the proportion of heterozygous individuals in a population,polyploidy tends to increase the proportion.North American Populus tremuloides is one of the most widely distributed and ecologically important tree species in the Northern Hemisphere.However,genetic variation in Mexican populations of P.tremuloides,including the genetic signatures of their adaptation to a variety of environments,remains largely uncharacterized.The aim of this study was to analyze how inbreeding coefficient(FIS)and ploidy are associated with clonal richness,population cover,climate and soil traits in 91 marginal to small,isolated populations of this tree species throughout its entire distribution in Mexico.Genetic variables were determined using 36,810 filtered SNPs derived from genome re-sequencing.We found that FIS was approximately between 0 and e1,indicating an extreme heterozygosity excess.One key contributor to the observed extreme heterozygosity excess was asexual reproduction,although ploidy levels cannot explain this excess.Analysis of all neutral SNPs showed that asexual reproduction was positively correlated with observed heterozygosity(Ho)but negatively correlated with expected heterozygosity(He).Analysis of outlier SNPs also showed that asexual reproductionwas positively correlated with Ho and negatively correlated with He,although this latter correlation was not significant.These findings support the presence of a Meselson effect.展开更多
Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy industry.Multi-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between ...Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy industry.Multi-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease pathogenesis.Therefore,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus chromogenes.Results Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical mastitis.The abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dMHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEMs),respectively.Next,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were identified.The important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEM and DEL)and Factor 2(dMHB and DEM),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were revealed.Each of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical mastitis.Also,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis.Furthermore,multi-omics integration enabled the association of the epigenomic regulatory factors(dMHBs,DELs and DEMs)of altered genes in important pathways,such as‘Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway’and‘natural killer cell mediated cyto-toxicity pathway’,etc.,which provides further insights into mastitis regulatory mechanisms.Moreover,few multi-omics signatures(14 dMHBs,25 DEGs,18 DELs and 5 DEMs)were identified as candidate discriminant signatures with capac-ity of distinguishing subclinical mastitis cows from healthy cows.Conclusion The integration of genomic and epigenomic data by multi-omics approaches in this study provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis and identified multi-omics candidate discriminant signatures for subclinical mastitis,which may ultimately lead to the development of more effective mastitis control and management strategies.展开更多
Ground control in underground mines employs rock reinforcement and surface support to maintain the integrity of excavations for their anticipated working life.The performance of a ground support system,however,is more...Ground control in underground mines employs rock reinforcement and surface support to maintain the integrity of excavations for their anticipated working life.The performance of a ground support system,however,is more complex and relies on effective load distribution between reinforcement and surface support elements.Typically,failure of the ground support system is along its weakest link,often the surface support.Consequently,the degradation of any ground support element over time will compromise the structural integrity of the ground support system.Degradation of ground support can be due to multiple factors.This paper focuses on the role of corrosion in the long-term performance of mesh.It presents a comprehensive methodology for quantifying the impact of degradation on bolted welded wire mesh over time.This is an important aspect,as the mesh is often the first element that fails in a ground support system.This paper combines information from extensive field and laboratory studies on mesh corrosion with calibrated numerical models to capture the long-term performance of different bolting patterns under a range of corrosion environments.A series of three-dimensional(3D)distinct element models(DEM)were constructed to quantify the impact of different corrosion rate scenarios on the loading capacity,displacement,and failure mechanisms of bolted welded wire mesh in diamond and square bolting patterns.This work can contribute to the management of long-term hazards associated with corrosion of mesh in corrosive environments under non-seismic mining conditions.展开更多
This work presents a novel approach to the dynamic response analysis of a Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on a Winkler soil model and subjected to an impact loading.The approach considers that damping has much less impor...This work presents a novel approach to the dynamic response analysis of a Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on a Winkler soil model and subjected to an impact loading.The approach considers that damping has much less importance in controlling the maximum response to impulsive loadings because the maximum response is reached in a very short time,before the damping forces can dissipate a significant portion of the energy input into the system.The development of two sine series solutions,relating to different types of impulsive loadings,one involving a single concentrated force and the other a distributed line load,are presented.This study revealed that when a simply supported Euler-Bernoulli beam,resting on a Winkler soil model,is subject to an impact load,the resulting vertical displacements,bending moments and shear forces produced along the span of the beam are considerably affected.In particular,the quantification of this effect is best observed,relative to the corresponding static solution,via an amplification factor.The computed impact amplification factors,for the sub-grade moduli used in this study,were in magnitude greater than 2,thus confirming the multiple-degree-of-freedom nature of the problem.展开更多
This study aims to quantify the susceptibility of granular materials used in pavements to changes in moisture content and propose a correlation model to incorporate this susceptibility into seasonal analyses.The fines...This study aims to quantify the susceptibility of granular materials used in pavements to changes in moisture content and propose a correlation model to incorporate this susceptibility into seasonal analyses.The fines content and the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates were identified as direct indicators of the resilient modulus susceptibility to changes in water content.The results showed that the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates particles(FR)has a more significant impact on the resilient modulus(Er)of crushed granular materials used in pavement construction than the combined indicator of the fines content and sample volumetrics(nf).Crushed granular materials with a higher percentage of fractured coarse aggregates are relatively insensitive to changes in the degree of saturation,but become more sensitive as the fine fraction porosity decreases.An adjusted model was proposed based on the existing formulation,but considers a complex parameter to describe and adjust the sensitivity of base granular materials to variations in moisture content with respect to fabrication charac-teristics,fines content and volumetric properties.The model shows that the variation of Er values is below10%for fully crushed granular materials.However,it reaches approximately±12%for materials with 75%of crushed coarse aggregates andþ40%and-25%for materials with FR=50%.This model could help select good ag-gregates characteristics and adjust grain-size distribution for environments where significant moisture content variations can occur in the pavement system,such as in the Province of Quebec(Canada).As it is based on pa-rameters that can be easily determined or estimated,it also represents a valuable tool for detailed design and analysis that can consider material characteristics.展开更多
Glial cells have often been referred to as the support cells of the brain.While they do have numerous supportive functions,there is emerging research showing they play an active role in shaping the brain and behaviour...Glial cells have often been referred to as the support cells of the brain.While they do have numerous supportive functions,there is emerging research showing they play an active role in shaping the brain and behaviour.Studying the cellular and molecular crosstalk between brain cell types is immensely valuable as this research topic continues to demonstrate that many brain functions are a result of a system of cells working together,rather than any cell type independently.展开更多
In connection with the historical context of social segregation and the assimilative aim of formal education imposed on them,the Indigenous Peoples of Québec have long been excluded from higher education.Today,ev...In connection with the historical context of social segregation and the assimilative aim of formal education imposed on them,the Indigenous Peoples of Québec have long been excluded from higher education.Today,even if their graduation rates are increasing,a persistent gap with the non-Indigenous population is maintained.The data in this article are drawn from 23 interviews with students and university graduates of the First Nations of Québec,as part of a thesis in educational sciences.Our paper analyzes how these students manage to combine the contributions of Indigenous education with those of Western education by developing paths that are part of the decolonization movement of education.Their relationship to Indigenous identity and cultures clearly influences their educational background and is analyzed taking into account power relations with the dominant culture.Our paper emphasizes more particularly the relationship to studies,the adaptation to the student profession,and the balance between studies,work,and family among Indigenous students,in a context of transition from university to multiversity which contributed to the increase of Indigenous university attendance.展开更多
In pediatric advanced cancer,i.e.,when cancer-targeted treatments are not effective,care provided to patients is of palliative nature.It aims at limiting symptoms and optimizing quality of life(QoL).To orient care,it ...In pediatric advanced cancer,i.e.,when cancer-targeted treatments are not effective,care provided to patients is of palliative nature.It aims at limiting symptoms and optimizing quality of life(QoL).To orient care,it is necessary to know and measure what is really important for young people.Unfortunately,tools are still scarce in this context.The aim of this paper is to describe the development process of a new QoL assessment method,the Advance QoL program.This is specifically designed for the clinical context of pediatric advanced cancer.Three previous studies carried out by our team identified seven important QoL domains for this population.We developed a tool named Advance QoL—parent/caregiver version.A current study aims to develop self-reported versions of the Advance QoL for children(8-12 years)and adolescents(13-18 years)with advanced cancer.In the very near future,the Advance QoL tool will be available in three versions(parents/caregivers,children,and adolescents)ready to be tested in validation studies.Regular assessment of the QoL of young people with cancer is a central process in defining targets for care and should be carried out throughout the trajectory,including when cancer is at an advanced stage,i.e.,when no standard treatment options are available.展开更多
基金supported by funding from Parkinson Canadafunded by a scholarship from Parkinson Canadaa scholarship from Fonds d’Enseignement et de Recherche (FER) (Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval)
文摘There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after diagnosis.Given that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic pathway.First,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal denervation.Four weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 weeks.During this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or not.Docosahexaenoic acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta.However,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned striatum.Compared to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned striatum.The present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
基金supported by the National Centre for the Replacement Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research Crack It solution “Neuroinflammation and nociception in a dish”(https://nc3rs.org.uk/crackit/news/new-solutionneuroinflammation-and-nociception-dish) fund(to AM)。
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin that can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical cord.MSCs have gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to their ability to modulate the immune system and favor tissue repair.MSCs enrich the medium in which they are cultivated with a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles that collectively compose the MSC secretome.An increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest that delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,the medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.
基金supported by Craig H.Neilsen Foundation,Wings for Life Foundation,Canadian Institutes of Health Research,and Fonds de Recherche Québec-Santé(to FB).
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)interrupts the flow of information between the brain and the spinal cord,thus leading to a loss of sensory information and motor paralysis of the body below the lesion.Surprisingly,most SCIs are incomplete and spare supraspinal pathways,especially those located within the peripheral white matter of the spinal cord,which includes reticulospinal pathways originating from the medullary reticular formation.Whereas there is abundant literature about the motor cortex,its corticospinal pathway,and its capacity to modulate functional recovery after SCI,less is known about the medullary reticular formation and its reticulospinal pathway.
基金funded by Vinnova,the Swedish Innovation Agency as a part of the Autoplant project(Dnr 2020-04202 and 2023-02747).
文摘Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is difficult.An autonomous scarifying and planting system(Autoplant)could meet the requirements of the forest industry and,for this,a tool for regeneration planning and routing is needed.The tool,Pathfinder,plans the regeneration and routes based on the harvested production(hpr)files,soil moisture and parent material maps,no-go areas(for culture or nature conservation),digital elevation models(DEM),and machine data(e.g.,working width,critical slope,time taken for different turn angles).The overall planting solution is either a set of capacity constrained routes or a continuous route and could be used for any planting machine as well as for traditional scarifiers as disc trenchers or mounders pulled by forwarders.Pathfinder was tested on eleven regeneration areas throughout Sweden,both with continuous routes and routes based on a carrying capacity of 1500 seedlings.The net operation area,species and seedling density suggestions were deemed relevant by expert judgement in the field.The routes provided by Pathfinder were compared with solutions given by two experienced drivers and a third solution based on the actual soil scarification at the site.Total driving distance did not differ significantly between the suggestions,but Pathfinder included less side-slope driving on steep slopes(≥27%or 15°)and medium slopes(15–27%).The chosen threshold value for steep slopes(where side-slope driving should be avoided)affects the routing,and a lower threshold means more turning and longer driving distance.Pathfinder is not only a tool for routing of planting machines,but also helps in planning of traditional regeneration by providing a more correct net area and tree species suggestions based on the growth of the previous stand.It also diminishes the risk of severe soil disturbance by excluding the wettest area in the planning.
基金the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR),Grant/Award Number:PJT-175016the Fonds de recherche du Québec(FRQ)through the research centre grant for the CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval Research Center,Grant/Award Number:30641+2 种基金the Quebec Cell,Tissue and Gene Therapy Network—ThéCellthe FRQS,the Fondation du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalNeuro Québec。
文摘Background:The absence of well-established immunosuppressed rabbit models poses a significant hurdle in xenograft experiments.Tacrolimus has been identified as a highly promising immunosuppressive agent for rabbits.However,determining the optimal dosage and route of administration to minimize toxicity while maintaining efficacy remains challenging.Methods:In this study,we investigated the effect of orally administered tacrolimus in rabbits,with an aim to achieve a whole blood target trough level of 3-10 ng/m L,and looked at signs of tissue rejection after the transplantation of a human nerve conduit to repair a severed fibular nerve.An oral dosage range of 0.25-1.5 mg/kg/d was studied for up to 1 year in 63 New Zealand rabbits.Results:We demonstrated the feasibility of long-term grafting in rabbits while maintaining safe immunosuppression,with side effects mainly limited to diarrhea.Customizing the administered dose proved crucial for graft efficacy and low toxicity,which translated into 100%individual survival.We suggest an oral tacrolimus dose of 1.0-1.5 mg/kg depending on individual heterogeneity and recommend to implement a close therapeutic drug monitoring in the rabbits to maintain a whole blood tacrolimus trough level within the range of 5-12 ng/m L,as levels below 5 ng/m L showed signs of inflammation in the graft.Conclusion:The oral administration of tacrolimus enabled efficient immunosuppression of rabbits over a 1-year period without significant side effects or loss of animals.
基金the financial contribution of the Groupe de Recherche En Médecine d’Urgence du CHUL (GREMUC)which is the local emergency department research group。
文摘Febrile infants are at greater risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBI),which include bacterial meningitis and bacteremia.Although bacterial meningitis is uncommon,^([1-2])it remains a concern for clinicians treating infants younger than 90 d.Guidelines for investigating fever without a source(meaning without an apparent source of infection,or of nonobvious origin) are numerous around the world but remain conflicting,particularly on whether to perform a lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in infants older than 22 d and hence at lower risk than younger infants.
基金supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq,n°406035/2021-0 and PQ n°311580/2021-1,FigueiróF)Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-INCT/CNPq/CAPES/FAPERGS Grant no.465671/2014-4Jean Sévigny received support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC,RGPIN-2023-05498).
文摘Objectives:Glioblastoma(GB)is a grade IV glial tumor characterized by high malignancy and dismal prognosis,primarily due to high recurrence rates and therapeutic resistance.The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),a receptor tyrosine kinase(RTK),regulates signaling pathways,including cell growth,proliferation,survival,migration,and cell death.Many cancers utilize immune checkpoints(ICs)to attenuate immune responses.CD73 is an enzyme that functions as an IC by hydrolyzing AMP to adenosine,suppressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.However,the role of CD73 in resistance to EGFR inhibitors is poorly understood.This study aims to elucidate the resistance mechanisms induced by anti-EGFR treatment and to evaluate an anti-CD73 approach to overcome resistance mediated by anti-EGFR monotherapy.Methods:The U251 GB cell line was treated with AG1478,an EGFR inhibitor,and the resistance markers MRP-1,PD-L1,and CD73 were evaluated using flow cytometry.Additionally,we assessed the combination effects of AG1478 and APCP(an EGFR and a CD73 inhibitor,respectively)on cell cycle progression,proliferation,apoptosis,and migration in vitro.Results:We observed high EGFR,PD-L1,and CD73 expression in human GB cells.The treatment with AG1478 increased the expression of resistance markers MRP-1,PD-L1,and CD73,whereas it decreased CTLA-4.The combination of AG1478 and APCP did not alter proliferation or apoptosis but interfered with cell cycling,arresting the cells in the G1 phase,decreasing cell motility and partially reversing MRP-1 overexpression.Conclusion:In summary,our findings indicate that CD73 inhibition has a modest effect in overcoming resistance to EGFR monotherapy in vitro.Thus,further in vivo studies are needed,as the inhibition of both EGFR and CD73 affects cells in the tumor microenvironment and could potentially enhance anti-tumor immunity.
基金support of the Paraíba State Research Foundation(FAPESQ)(call No.09/2021)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq Productivity Grants 309452/2021-0,308753/2021-6)+1 种基金Scientific Initiation Scholarships(PIBIC)within the Federal University of Paraíba(UFPB)Silvia Guillén Lambea thanks Grant RYC2021-034265-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by“European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR”。
文摘The application of different coatings on solar photovoltaic(PV)panels can be an efficient solution to increase performance and further mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases.This study uses the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)methodology and the environmental payback concept to analyze the effects of the application of a nano-silica coating on a solar PV system installed in the Brazilian Northeast.Firstly,an uncoated reference 16.4 MW PV system is designed,and the detailed inventory is presented(PV panels,supporting structure,inverters,junction boxes,cables,transportation,maintenance and operation-including the replacement of equipment).The results of the LCA quantify the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the PV system.Electricity production is estimated by technical and local climate data.Subsequently,the environmental payback time of the system is calculated,which is the time required for the PV system to offset the emissions associated with system manufacturing,operation,and disposal.This is the first Brazilian study to verify the effects of a self-cleaning coating on a solar PV system throughout its lifetime,compared to the uncoated(reference system).The original photovoltaic system emitted 22,534,773 kg CO_(2)-eq,with an environmental payback of 5 years and 1 day.When the self-cleaning coating is applied,the emissions are 21,511,317 kg CO_(2)-eq(almost 5%lower)with a payback of 4 years,1 month and 26 days.The application of self-cleaning coatings reduces the required area for installation(due to increased efficiency),and not only reduces emissions but is also aligned with global sustainability targets and contributes to the concept of sustainable and intelligent cities.
文摘There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in swine.The effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are unknown.Metagenomics and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious agents.Air particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air samplers.Extracted DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput sequencing.Porcine astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air samples.Porcine torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were dominant.The phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.
基金funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation(SNSF Grant No.320030L_192073 to GM)the Slovenian Research Agency(ARRS Grant No.N5-0152 to TD).
文摘Background: Prematurely-born individuals tend to exhibit higher resting oxidative stress, although evidence suggests they may be more resistant to acute hypoxia-induced redox balance alterations. We aimed to investigate the redox balance changes across a 3-day hypobaric hypoxic exposure at 3375 m in healthy adults born preterm(gestational age ≤ 32 weeks) and their term-born(gestational age ≥ 38 weeks)counterparts.Methods: Resting venous blood was obtained in normoxia(prior to altitude exposure), immediately upon arrival to altitude, and the following 3mornings. Antioxidant(superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase(GPx), and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)),pro-oxidant(xanthine oxidase(XO) and myeloperoxidase(MPO)) enzyme activity, oxidative stress markers(advanced oxidation protein product(AOPP) and malondialdehyde(MDA)), nitric oxide(NO) metabolites(nitrites, nitrates, and total nitrite and nitrate(NOx)), and nitrotyrosine were measured in plasma.Results: SOD increased only in the preterm group(p < 0.05). Catalase increased at arrival in preterm group(p < 0.05). XO activity increased at Day 3 for the preterm group, while it increased acutely(arrival and Day 1) in control group. MPO increased in both groups throughout the3 days(p < 0.05). AOPP only increased at arrival in the preterm(p < 0.05) whereas it decreased at arrival up to Day 3(p < 0.05) for control.MDA decreased in control group from arrival onward. Nitrotyrosine decreased in both groups(p < 0.05). Nitrites increased on Day 3(p < 0.05)in control group and decreased on Day 1(p < 0.05) in preterm group.Conclusion: These data indicate that antioxidant enzymes seem to increase immediately upon hypoxic exposure in preterm adults. Conversely, the blunted pro-oxidant enzyme response to prolonged hypoxia exposure suggests that these enzymes may be less sensitive in preterm individuals.These findings lend further support to the potential hypoxic preconditioning effect of preterm birth.
基金We thank the Mexican Consejo Nacional de Humanidades,Ciencias y Tecnologías(CONAHCYT)for the financial support provided to the first author to carry out his training in the Institutional Doctoral Program in Agricultural and Forestry Sciences(PIDCAFUJED)with Scholarship No.334852financial support with agreement number CONACYT-FRQ-2016:279459 for the project“Genome-wide scans for detecting adaptation to climate and soil in Populus tremuloides as the most widely distributed tree species in North America”Dr.Jesús M.Olivas-García assisted in the sampling in the state of Chihuahua,Mexico,and Katrin Groppe,Thünen Institute of Forest Genetics,Germany,provided excellent lab work.The Emerging Leaders of the Americas Program(ELAP)of the Government of Canada awarded a scholarship and the Institute of Integrative and Systems Biology(IBIS)of Laval University allowed the use of its campus and contributed to the training of the first author.
文摘The presence of heterozygous individuals in a population is crucial for maintaining genetic diversity,which can positively affect fitness and adaptability to environmental changes.While inbreeding generally reduces the proportion of heterozygous individuals in a population,polyploidy tends to increase the proportion.North American Populus tremuloides is one of the most widely distributed and ecologically important tree species in the Northern Hemisphere.However,genetic variation in Mexican populations of P.tremuloides,including the genetic signatures of their adaptation to a variety of environments,remains largely uncharacterized.The aim of this study was to analyze how inbreeding coefficient(FIS)and ploidy are associated with clonal richness,population cover,climate and soil traits in 91 marginal to small,isolated populations of this tree species throughout its entire distribution in Mexico.Genetic variables were determined using 36,810 filtered SNPs derived from genome re-sequencing.We found that FIS was approximately between 0 and e1,indicating an extreme heterozygosity excess.One key contributor to the observed extreme heterozygosity excess was asexual reproduction,although ploidy levels cannot explain this excess.Analysis of all neutral SNPs showed that asexual reproduction was positively correlated with observed heterozygosity(Ho)but negatively correlated with expected heterozygosity(He).Analysis of outlier SNPs also showed that asexual reproductionwas positively correlated with Ho and negatively correlated with He,although this latter correlation was not significant.These findings support the presence of a Meselson effect.
基金The help and support of owners of the dairy farms enrolled in this study is gratefully acknowledged.The financial support from the program of China Scholarship Council during the PhD study of Mengqi Wang in Canada is acknowledged(No.202008880009).
文摘Background Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy industry.Multi-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between mul-tiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease pathogenesis.Therefore,this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis by integrating RNA sequencing data(mRNA and lncRNA),small RNA sequencing data(miRNA)and DNA methylation sequencing data of milk somatic cells from 10 healthy cows and 20 cows with naturally occurring subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus chromogenes.Results Functional investigation of the data sets through gene set analysis uncovered 3458 biological process GO terms and 170 KEGG pathways with altered activities during subclinical mastitis,provided further insights into subclin-ical mastitis and revealed the involvement of multi-omics signatures in the altered immune responses and impaired mammary gland productivity during subclinical mastitis.The abundant genomic and epigenomic signatures with sig-nificant alterations related to subclinical mastitis were observed,including 30,846,2552,1276 and 57 differential methylation haplotype blocks(dMHBs),differentially expressed genes(DEGs),lncRNAs(DELs)and miRNAs(DEMs),respectively.Next,5 factors presenting the principal variation of differential multi-omics signatures were identified.The important roles of Factor 1(DEG,DEM and DEL)and Factor 2(dMHB and DEM),in the regulation of immune defense and impaired mammary gland functions during subclinical mastitis were revealed.Each of the omics within Factors 1 and 2 explained about 20%of the source of variation in subclinical mastitis.Also,networks of impor-tant functional gene sets with the involvement of multi-omics signatures were demonstrated,which contributed to a comprehensive view of the possible regulatory mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis.Furthermore,multi-omics integration enabled the association of the epigenomic regulatory factors(dMHBs,DELs and DEMs)of altered genes in important pathways,such as‘Staphylococcus aureus infection pathway’and‘natural killer cell mediated cyto-toxicity pathway’,etc.,which provides further insights into mastitis regulatory mechanisms.Moreover,few multi-omics signatures(14 dMHBs,25 DEGs,18 DELs and 5 DEMs)were identified as candidate discriminant signatures with capac-ity of distinguishing subclinical mastitis cows from healthy cows.Conclusion The integration of genomic and epigenomic data by multi-omics approaches in this study provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying subclinical mastitis and identified multi-omics candidate discriminant signatures for subclinical mastitis,which may ultimately lead to the development of more effective mastitis control and management strategies.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(Grant No.RGPIN-2019-06707).
文摘Ground control in underground mines employs rock reinforcement and surface support to maintain the integrity of excavations for their anticipated working life.The performance of a ground support system,however,is more complex and relies on effective load distribution between reinforcement and surface support elements.Typically,failure of the ground support system is along its weakest link,often the surface support.Consequently,the degradation of any ground support element over time will compromise the structural integrity of the ground support system.Degradation of ground support can be due to multiple factors.This paper focuses on the role of corrosion in the long-term performance of mesh.It presents a comprehensive methodology for quantifying the impact of degradation on bolted welded wire mesh over time.This is an important aspect,as the mesh is often the first element that fails in a ground support system.This paper combines information from extensive field and laboratory studies on mesh corrosion with calibrated numerical models to capture the long-term performance of different bolting patterns under a range of corrosion environments.A series of three-dimensional(3D)distinct element models(DEM)were constructed to quantify the impact of different corrosion rate scenarios on the loading capacity,displacement,and failure mechanisms of bolted welded wire mesh in diamond and square bolting patterns.This work can contribute to the management of long-term hazards associated with corrosion of mesh in corrosive environments under non-seismic mining conditions.
基金l’UniversitéLaval for the financial support of his sabbatical year at Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio,Universitàdegli Studi del Molise in Campobasso,Italy。
文摘This work presents a novel approach to the dynamic response analysis of a Euler-Bernoulli beam resting on a Winkler soil model and subjected to an impact loading.The approach considers that damping has much less importance in controlling the maximum response to impulsive loadings because the maximum response is reached in a very short time,before the damping forces can dissipate a significant portion of the energy input into the system.The development of two sine series solutions,relating to different types of impulsive loadings,one involving a single concentrated force and the other a distributed line load,are presented.This study revealed that when a simply supported Euler-Bernoulli beam,resting on a Winkler soil model,is subject to an impact load,the resulting vertical displacements,bending moments and shear forces produced along the span of the beam are considerably affected.In particular,the quantification of this effect is best observed,relative to the corresponding static solution,via an amplification factor.The computed impact amplification factors,for the sub-grade moduli used in this study,were in magnitude greater than 2,thus confirming the multiple-degree-of-freedom nature of the problem.
文摘This study aims to quantify the susceptibility of granular materials used in pavements to changes in moisture content and propose a correlation model to incorporate this susceptibility into seasonal analyses.The fines content and the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates were identified as direct indicators of the resilient modulus susceptibility to changes in water content.The results showed that the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates particles(FR)has a more significant impact on the resilient modulus(Er)of crushed granular materials used in pavement construction than the combined indicator of the fines content and sample volumetrics(nf).Crushed granular materials with a higher percentage of fractured coarse aggregates are relatively insensitive to changes in the degree of saturation,but become more sensitive as the fine fraction porosity decreases.An adjusted model was proposed based on the existing formulation,but considers a complex parameter to describe and adjust the sensitivity of base granular materials to variations in moisture content with respect to fabrication charac-teristics,fines content and volumetric properties.The model shows that the variation of Er values is below10%for fully crushed granular materials.However,it reaches approximately±12%for materials with 75%of crushed coarse aggregates andþ40%and-25%for materials with FR=50%.This model could help select good ag-gregates characteristics and adjust grain-size distribution for environments where significant moisture content variations can occur in the pavement system,such as in the Province of Quebec(Canada).As it is based on pa-rameters that can be easily determined or estimated,it also represents a valuable tool for detailed design and analysis that can consider material characteristics.
基金supported by Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)grants awarded to MET.
文摘Glial cells have often been referred to as the support cells of the brain.While they do have numerous supportive functions,there is emerging research showing they play an active role in shaping the brain and behaviour.Studying the cellular and molecular crosstalk between brain cell types is immensely valuable as this research topic continues to demonstrate that many brain functions are a result of a system of cells working together,rather than any cell type independently.
文摘In connection with the historical context of social segregation and the assimilative aim of formal education imposed on them,the Indigenous Peoples of Québec have long been excluded from higher education.Today,even if their graduation rates are increasing,a persistent gap with the non-Indigenous population is maintained.The data in this article are drawn from 23 interviews with students and university graduates of the First Nations of Québec,as part of a thesis in educational sciences.Our paper analyzes how these students manage to combine the contributions of Indigenous education with those of Western education by developing paths that are part of the decolonization movement of education.Their relationship to Indigenous identity and cultures clearly influences their educational background and is analyzed taking into account power relations with the dominant culture.Our paper emphasizes more particularly the relationship to studies,the adaptation to the student profession,and the balance between studies,work,and family among Indigenous students,in a context of transition from university to multiversity which contributed to the increase of Indigenous university attendance.
基金Le programme Advance QoL aétéfinancépar la Fondation du CHU Sainte-Justine,par le Réseau québécois de recherche en soins palliatifs et de fin de vie (RQSPAL,Projet pilote 2018)par la Fondation Coast-to-Coast Canada et par les Instituts de recherche en santédu Canada (IRSC).
文摘In pediatric advanced cancer,i.e.,when cancer-targeted treatments are not effective,care provided to patients is of palliative nature.It aims at limiting symptoms and optimizing quality of life(QoL).To orient care,it is necessary to know and measure what is really important for young people.Unfortunately,tools are still scarce in this context.The aim of this paper is to describe the development process of a new QoL assessment method,the Advance QoL program.This is specifically designed for the clinical context of pediatric advanced cancer.Three previous studies carried out by our team identified seven important QoL domains for this population.We developed a tool named Advance QoL—parent/caregiver version.A current study aims to develop self-reported versions of the Advance QoL for children(8-12 years)and adolescents(13-18 years)with advanced cancer.In the very near future,the Advance QoL tool will be available in three versions(parents/caregivers,children,and adolescents)ready to be tested in validation studies.Regular assessment of the QoL of young people with cancer is a central process in defining targets for care and should be carried out throughout the trajectory,including when cancer is at an advanced stage,i.e.,when no standard treatment options are available.
