Mitochondria and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative diseases:Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions of cells,and thus are o...Mitochondria and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative diseases:Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions of cells,and thus are often referred to as the"powerhouse"of the cell.Nevertheless,this organelle is also involved in a pleth,ora of different cellular functions such as calcium(Ca^(2+))homeostasis,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and several metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,andβ-oxidation of fatty acids.展开更多
We present a study of the ion stopping power due to free and bound electrons in a warm dense plasma.Our main goal is to propose a method of stopping-power calculation expected to be valid for any ionization degree.The...We present a study of the ion stopping power due to free and bound electrons in a warm dense plasma.Our main goal is to propose a method of stopping-power calculation expected to be valid for any ionization degree.The free-electron contribution is described by the Maynard–Deutsch–Zimmerman formula,and the bound-electron contribution relies on the Bethe formula with corrections,in particular taking into account density and shell effects.The results of the bound-state computation using three different parametric potentials are investigated within the Garbet formalism for the mean excitation energy.The first parametric potential is due to Green,Sellin,and Zachor,the second one was proposed by Yunta,and the third one was introduced by Klapisch in the framework of atomic-structure computations.The results are compared with those of self-consistent average-atom calculations.This approach correctly bridges the limits of neutral and fully ionized matter.展开更多
In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the...In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the quadratic inner-bounded condition. We provide some sufficient conditions that ensure the asymptotic stability of the system. Furthermore, we present the construction of a feedback stabilizing controller for conformable fractional bilinear systems.展开更多
Substantial advancements have been achieved in Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)technology and monitoring systems,yet the presence of missing data impedes accurate analysis and interpretation of TBM monitoring results.This s...Substantial advancements have been achieved in Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)technology and monitoring systems,yet the presence of missing data impedes accurate analysis and interpretation of TBM monitoring results.This study aims to investigate the issue of missing data in extensive TBM datasets.Through a comprehensive literature review,we analyze the mechanism of missing TBM data and compare different imputation methods,including statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms.We also examine the impact of various missing patterns and rates on the efficacy of these methods.Finally,we propose a dynamic interpolation strategy tailored for TBM engineering sites.The research results show that K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)and Random Forest(RF)algorithms can achieve good interpolation results;As the missing rate increases,the interpolation effect of different methods will decrease;The interpolation effect of block missing is poor,followed by mixed missing,and the interpolation effect of sporadic missing is the best.On-site application results validate the proposed interpolation strategy's capability to achieve robust missing value interpolation effects,applicable in ML scenarios such as parameter optimization,attitude warning,and pressure prediction.These findings contribute to enhancing the efficiency of TBM missing data processing,offering more effective support for large-scale TBM monitoring datasets.展开更多
Electrocatalytic C–N coupling technology offers a promising route for green and sustainable urea synthesis.However,this route faces challenges of low urea yield and Faradaic efficiency due to the high dissociation en...Electrocatalytic C–N coupling technology offers a promising route for green and sustainable urea synthesis.However,this route faces challenges of low urea yield and Faradaic efficiency due to the high dissociation energy of atomic bonds in reactants,complex reaction intermediates,high reaction energy barriers,and competing side reactions.As C–N coupling involves the synergistic action of two or more active sites,it is crucial to develop efficient multi-active-site catalysts to address these challenges.This review analyzes the reaction mechanisms of electrocatalytic C–N coupling for urea synthesis and summarizes effective strategies to achieve multi-active-site catalysts,including heteroatom doping,defect engineering,heterojunctions,and diatomic catalysts.Furthermore,based on this analysis,we propose the universal design principles for high-efficiency multi-activesite catalysts.展开更多
Recent progress in the design and fabrication of thermal metasurfaces allows a broad control of the properties of light emission,including its polarization state.Stokes polarimetry is a key approach to accurately char...Recent progress in the design and fabrication of thermal metasurfaces allows a broad control of the properties of light emission,including its polarization state.Stokes polarimetry is a key approach to accurately characterize partially polarized light.The quality of a Stokes polarimeter made of retarders and polarizers can be evaluated by use of metrics such as the equally weighted variance or the condition number of the matrix representing the polarimeter.Although specific instrument configurations are used to maximize polarimeter performance at a given wavelength,such optimal solutions are not spectrally robust because of the wave-length dependence of retardance.This becomes an issue in characterizing broadband thermal sources in the infrared.We report a Stokes polarimeter making use of five polarization analysis states and consisting of two simple and common optical elements—a crystalline waveplate and a linear polarizer.We combine this setup with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to measure accurately in a single set of acqui-sitions without requiring any spectral filtering,and to measure the polarization state with accuracy over a broad range of wavelengths.Such a Stokes polarimeter allows for close to optimal noise in the data reduc-tion process in the mid-wave infrared spectral range from 2.5 to 5μm.展开更多
Understanding the structure-property relationship and the mechanisms by which catalysts promote polysulfide conversion is crucial for the rational design of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)battery catalysts.Her...Understanding the structure-property relationship and the mechanisms by which catalysts promote polysulfide conversion is crucial for the rational design of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)battery catalysts.Herein,we systematically investigate Fe-,Co-,and Ni-incorporated Mo_(2)C as catalysts for RT Na-S battery to elucidate the intrinsic correlation between the d band center of Mo in Mo_(2)C and its catalytic activity.Combining experimental and theoretical analysis revealed that Ni-substituted Mo_(2)C elevates the d band center while significantly reducing antibonding orbitals(π^(*))occupancy compared to Fe-substituted Mo_(2)C and Co-substituted Mo_(2)C counterparts.This electronic restruction enhances d-p hybridization at the Mo-S interface,which strengthens sodium polysulfides adsorption energy and enhances charge transfer,thereby steering sulfur redox pathways toward thermodynamically favorable configurations.Our findings elucidate the intricate interplay between the electronic structure and catalytic activity of Mo_(2)C,advancing a novel perspective for the rational design of RT Na-S battery catalysts through tailored modulation of antibonding orbital occupancy.展开更多
The difference in the microstructure,texture in the stir zone(SZ)of the AZ31(Mg-3 Al-1 Zn,wt.%)alloy after friction stir welding(FSW)and subsequent annealing at 400℃for 1 h was characterized by scanning electron micr...The difference in the microstructure,texture in the stir zone(SZ)of the AZ31(Mg-3 Al-1 Zn,wt.%)alloy after friction stir welding(FSW)and subsequent annealing at 400℃for 1 h was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)with electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)measurements at the surface and core regions.The findings indicate that FSW produced grain refinement where the mean grain size decreases from 19μm(base metal)to 5.1 and 3.5μm at the surface and core regions,respectively.The c-axis of the grains at the surface region was aligned with the normal direction(<0001>//ND)due to the additional strain of the tool shoulder.In contrast,the core region shows a typical shear texture,where the c-axis tends to be oriented parallel to the welding direction(<0001>//WD).The Vickers microhardness mapping across the SZ revealed that the core region was soften than the surface region due to the dynamic recrystallization and texture weakening.The microstructure of the SZ remains principally deformed after annealing treatment except for the development of massive Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates and the abnormal grain growth of a few grains with<11-20>//WD orientation at the upper side of the surface region.The c-axis of the grains at the surface region was tilted about 10°toward WD,while an inclined<0001>//WD orientation about 30°from WD was developed at the core region.Consequently,the distribution of microhardness values across the SZ was more heterogeneous than the FSW sample.The results were discussed in the light of grain boundary misorientation,dislocation density and the pinning effect of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates.Additionally,Schmid factor analysis was used to examine the activation of the basal slip mode to characterize the associated mechanical response.展开更多
Analyzing filaments and cores in molecular clouds is key to understanding galactic star formation and its environmental dependence.This paper studies the properties and distribution of dense cores and filaments in the...Analyzing filaments and cores in molecular clouds is key to understanding galactic star formation and its environmental dependence.This paper studies the properties and distribution of dense cores and filaments in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud,with a focus on the L1688 hub-filament system(HFS)and its star formation potential.We extracted sources and filaments from Herschel images and a 13.5 resolution surface density map using the getsf method,identified dense cores among the extracted sources,evaluated core mass segregation,and constructed the core mass function(CMF).We derived properties of the filaments from their radial surface density profiles,constructed the filament linear density function(FLDF),and assessed the mass distribution in the L1688 HFS to estimate the core and filament formation efficiencies(CFEs,FFEs).We identified 64 protostellar,132 prestellar,and 686 unbound cores.The CMF of the prestellar cores has a power-law exponent of-0.86,and the FLDF of the densest filaments has a similar slope of-0.97,whereas the CMF of the unbound cores is found to be-1.36.Mass segregation is prominent among the most massive cores,with only slight differences between the bound and unbound cores.The low-mass unbound cores affect the overall spatial distribution.Among the 769 well-resolved filaments,we find a median half-maximum width of 0.12 pc and a median slope of-1.4 for the filament radial profiles.Mass distribution in the L1688 hub is dominated by the filaments,and outside the hub,it is dominated by the molecular cloud background.There exists a strong correlation between FFE and CFE,which reach their respective maxima of 71%and 5%within the hub and decrease to 21%and 0.9%outside it.The results suggest that the gravitational potential in the L1688 HFS influences core clustering in its high-density regions and that the filament-dominated core formation is a key mechanism in star formation within the system.展开更多
Recent experiments at the National Ignition Facility and theoretical modeling suggest that side stimulated Raman scattering(SSRS)instability could reduce laser–plasma coupling and generate considerable fluxes of supr...Recent experiments at the National Ignition Facility and theoretical modeling suggest that side stimulated Raman scattering(SSRS)instability could reduce laser–plasma coupling and generate considerable fluxes of suprathermal hot electrons under interaction conditions envisaged for direct-drive schemes for inertial confinement fusion.Nonetheless,SSRS remains to date one of the least understood parametric instabilities.Here,we report the first angularly and spectrally resolved measurements of scattered light at laser intensities relevant for the shock ignition scheme(I×10^(16)W/cm^(2)),showing significant SSRS growth in the direction perpendicular to the laser polarization.Modification of the focal spot shape and orientation,obtained by using two different random phase plates,and of the density gradient of the plasma,by utilizing exploding foil targets of different thicknesses,clearly reveals a different dependence of backward SRS(BSRS)and SSRS on experimental parameters.While convective BSRS scales with plasma density scale length,as expected by linear theory,the growth of SSRS depends on the spot extension in the direction perpendicular to laser polarization.Our analysis therefore demonstrates that under current experimental conditions,with density scale lengths L_(n)≈60–120μm and spot sizes FWHM≈40–100μm,SSRS is limited by laser beam size rather than by the density scale length of the plasma.展开更多
Early multiwavelength observations offer crucial insights into the nature of the relativistic jets responsible for gamma-ray bursts and their interaction with the surrounding medium.We present data of GRB 240825A from...Early multiwavelength observations offer crucial insights into the nature of the relativistic jets responsible for gamma-ray bursts and their interaction with the surrounding medium.We present data of GRB 240825A from 17 space-and ground-based telescopes/instruments,covering wavelengths from NIR/optical to X-ray and GeV,and spanning from the prompt emission to the afterglow phase triggered by Swift and Fermi.The early afterglow observations were carried out by SVOM/C-GFT,and spectroscopic observations of the afterglow by GTC,VLT,and TNG determined the redshift of the burst(z=0.659)later.A comprehensive analysis of the prompt emission spectrum observed by Swift-BAT and Fermi-GBM/LAT reveals a rare and significant high-energy cutoff at 76 MeV.Assuming this cutoff is due toγγabsorption allows us to place an upper limit on the initial Lorentz factor,Γ_(0)<245.The optical/NIR and GeV afterglow light curves can be described by the standard external shock model,with early-time emission dominated by a reverse shock(RS)and a subsequent transition to forward shock(FS)emission.Our afterglow modeling yields a consistent estimate of the initial Lorentz factor(Γ_(0)∼234).Furthermore,the RS-to-FS magnetic field ratio(R 302B)indicates that the RS region is significantly more magnetized than the FS region.An isotropic-equivalent kinetic energy of E_(k,iso)=5.25×10^(54) erg is derived,and the correspondingγ-ray radiation efficiency is estimated to beη_(γ)=3.1%.On the other hand,the standard afterglow model cannot reproduce the X-ray light curve of GRB 240825A,calling for improved models to characterize all multiwavelength data.展开更多
Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy...Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades,a new-generation Tau-Charm factory,called the Super Tau-Charm Facility(STCF),has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China.STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter-antimatter asymmetry within the next decades.The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5×10^(34)cm^(−2)s^(−1)that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV,which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory-BEPCII.The STCF accelerator has two main parts:a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams.As a typical third-generation electron-positron circular collider,the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology.In this paper,the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented,including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and develop-ment,as well as the required infrastructure.The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030).展开更多
轻子散射实验是探索核子与原子核结构的理想工具。中国电子离子对撞机(Electron Ion Collider in China,EicC)建议书设想在已开建的强流重离子加速器装置(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)的基础上,升级质子束流为2...轻子散射实验是探索核子与原子核结构的理想工具。中国电子离子对撞机(Electron Ion Collider in China,EicC)建议书设想在已开建的强流重离子加速器装置(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)的基础上,升级质子束流为20 GeV的极化束流,并建造2.8~5 GeV极化电子束流,从而实现质心系能量为15~20 GeV的双极化电子-离子对撞。EicC设计的亮度为(2~4)×10^33cm^-2·s^-1,质子束流极化率达到70%,电子束流极化率达到80%。该装置除了能提供极化轻离子束流(例如:氦-3)外,也可产生非极化重离子束流(碳-12~铀-238)。EicC将聚焦核子海夸克部分子结构、原子核物质结构与性质、奇特强子态三个方面的物理研究。高亮度、高精度的对撞机有助于精确地测量核子结构函数并对核子进行三维成像,揭示强相互作用的动力学规律;原子核部分子分布包括核子短程关联以及原子核介质效应同样是该提案的重要科学目标;EicC能区接近重味夸克产生阈值,在研究重味强子谱方面拥有低背景的独特优势,有助于发现研究新的奇特强子态。质子质量起源问题也可以通过重味矢量介子的产生来研究。为了完成上述物理目标,我们将利用最先进的探测器技术建造接近全立体角覆盖的EicC对撞机谱仪。在准备EicC白皮书的过程中,我们得到世界各国专家的支持。EicC的物理与已有的实验和美国即将建设的EIC中的物理项目相互补充。EicC的建成及运行有望引领前沿的中高能核物理研究,使我国在加速器和探测器先进技术等领域实现跨越式发展,为我国核物理与强子物理以及相关科学领域提供大型综合实验平台与人才培养基地。展开更多
We report that 316L austenitic stainless steel fabricated by direct laser deposition(DLD),an additive manufacturing(AM)process,have a higher yield strength than that of conventional 316L while keeping high ductility.M...We report that 316L austenitic stainless steel fabricated by direct laser deposition(DLD),an additive manufacturing(AM)process,have a higher yield strength than that of conventional 316L while keeping high ductility.More interestingly,no clear anisotropy in tensile properties was observed between the building and the scanning direction of the 3D printed steel.Metallographic examination of the as-built parts shows a heterogeneous solidification cellular microstructure.Transmission electron microscopy observations coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry(EDS)reveal the presence of chemical micro-segregation correlated with high dislocation density at cell boundaries as well as the in-situ formation of well-dispersed oxides and transition-metal-rich precipitates.The hierarchical heterogeneous microstructure in the AM parts induces excellent strength of the 316L stainless steel while the low staking fault energy of the as-built 316L promotes the occurrence of abundant deformation twinning,in the origin of the high ductility of the AM steel.Without additional post-process treatments,the AM 316L proves that it can be used as a structural material or component for repair in mechanical construction.展开更多
Existing Physics-of-Failure-based(PoF-based)system reliability prediction methods are grounded on the independence assumption,which overlooks the dependency among the compo-nents.In this paper,a new type of dependency...Existing Physics-of-Failure-based(PoF-based)system reliability prediction methods are grounded on the independence assumption,which overlooks the dependency among the compo-nents.In this paper,a new type of dependency,referred to as failure collaboration,is introduced and considered in reliability predictions.A PoF-based model is developed to describe the failure behavior of systems subject to failure collaboration.Based on the developed model,the Bisection-based Reliability Analysis Method(BRAM)is exploited to calculate the system reliability.The developed methods are applied to predicting the reliability of a Hydraulic Servo Actuator(HSA).The results demonstrate that the developed methods outperform the traditional PoF-based reliability prediction methods when applied to systems subject to failure collaboration.展开更多
In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of systems with complex architecture and a large number of contacting bodies,a finite element software,named LiToTac,has been developed by using the object-oriented prog...In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of systems with complex architecture and a large number of contacting bodies,a finite element software,named LiToTac,has been developed by using the object-oriented programming technique.This software,with an interactive graphical user interface,is able to handle highly non-linear problems including multiple contacts and large deformation.More importantly,the contact detection based on a hybrid three-stages methodology can be performed automatically,which is more efficient than the common strategies of pre-defining contact zones in commercial FEM software like ANSYS,ABAQUS,etc.In addition,the contact solver in LiToTac is portable between dynamic and quasi-static codes and can accurately solve contact coupled with friction in a reduced system.Several numerical examples are carried out to illustrate the functionality and capacity of the software package.展开更多
Ti-6Al,Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys were prepared to investigate the toughening effects ofβstabilizers Mo and Nb on impact toughness and crack resistance of titanium alloys.Instrumented Charpy impact tests showed...Ti-6Al,Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys were prepared to investigate the toughening effects ofβstabilizers Mo and Nb on impact toughness and crack resistance of titanium alloys.Instrumented Charpy impact tests showed that the total impact absorbed energy of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(∼64 J)were two times higher than that of Ti-6Al(∼30 J),indicating the higher impact toughness of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys.Analysis of load-displacement curves revealed the similar crack initiation energy of Ti-6Al,Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(15.4 J,16.1 J and 15.0 J,respectively).However,the higher crack propagation energy of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(46.7 J and 48.3 J,respectively)were about three times higher than that of Ti-6Al(14.4 J),indicating the stronger resistance to crack propagation in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Post-mortem analysis of impact samples demonstrated that the increased dislocation density and deformation twinning were mainly responsible for the stronger resistance to crack propagation in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Due to the invisibility of dislocation activation and deformation twinning during the Charpy impact process,a mathematical model has been proposed to evaluate the effects of Al,Mo and Nb elements on dislocation mobility based on the Yu Rui-huang electron theory.Addition of Mo and Nb elements significantly improved the dislocation mobility in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb compared to that in Ti-6Al alloy.Therefore,more dislocations were activated in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb which supplied the larger plastic deformation under impact loading.A dislocation-based model also has been proposed to interpret the nucleation and propagation of deformation twinning under the impact loading.Dislocation pileup atα/βinterfaces provided potential sites for nucleation of deformation twinning in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Furthermore,deformation twinning facilitated the dislocation motion inαgrains with hard orientations.The increased dislocation mobility and deformation twinning were responsible for the stronger crack resistance as well as the higher impact toughness of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys.展开更多
Background: The interaction of the gut microbiota with key metabolic and physiological processes may be associated with poor growth outcomes in animals born with intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Results: Growth p...Background: The interaction of the gut microbiota with key metabolic and physiological processes may be associated with poor growth outcomes in animals born with intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Results: Growth performance, plasma hormone concentrations, and intestinal microbiota composition were analyzed in IUGR pigs and in normal birth weight(NBW) pigs when the NBW pigs reached 25, 50, and 100 kg of body weight(BW). Compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had lower initial, weaned, and final BW, and lower average daily gain and average daily feed intake in all the considered time points. In the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs had higher concentrations of plasma ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide(PP), but lower insulin concentration than NBW pigs, while the situation was reversed in the 50 kg BW group. As compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had higher microbial alpha diversity in the jejunum and ileum;in the 50 and 100 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs had higher Firmicutes abundance but lower Proteobacteria abundance in the jejunum, and lower Lactobacillus abundance in the jejunum and ileum;in the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs showed higher unclassified Ruminococcaceae abundance in the ileum;and in 25 and 50 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs showed lower Ochrobactrum abundance in the jejunum.Spearman's correlation revealed that Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with growth performance, while unclassified Ruminococcaceae was positively correlated. Predictive metagenomic analysis detected significantly different expression of genes in the intestinal microbiota between IUGR and NBW pigs, suggesting different metabolic capabilities between the two groups.Conclusions: Growing-finishing IUGR pigs showed lower growth performance, higher microbial alpha diversity, and differences in plasma hormone concentrations compared to NBW pigs. Alterations in the abundance of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ochrobactrum in the small intestine may be associated with IUGR, and may therefore serve as a future target for gut microbiota intervention in growing-finishing IUGR pigs.展开更多
基金supported by LifeArc Philanthropic Fund(P2019-0004)LifeArc Pathfinder Award+7 种基金along with Wellcome Trust Seed Award(109626/Z/15/Z)FA PESP-UoB Strategic Collaboration FundBirmingham Fellowship(to SS)grants from Laboratoire d'Excellence Revive(Investissement d'AvenirANR-10-LABX-73)the Region lle-de-France via doctoral school Innovation Therapeutique,du Fondamentalàl'Appliqué(ED569)from Universite Paris-Saclay(to LA)Medical Research Council(MRC)Developmental Pathway Funding Scheme(DPFS)grant(MR/P007732/1)(to TB)supported by the Association Fran?aise contre les Myopathies(AFM-Téléthon)。
文摘Mitochondria and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative diseases:Mitochondria generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the biochemical reactions of cells,and thus are often referred to as the"powerhouse"of the cell.Nevertheless,this organelle is also involved in a pleth,ora of different cellular functions such as calcium(Ca^(2+))homeostasis,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and several metabolic pathways including oxidative phosphorylation,tricarboxylic acid cycle,andβ-oxidation of fatty acids.
文摘We present a study of the ion stopping power due to free and bound electrons in a warm dense plasma.Our main goal is to propose a method of stopping-power calculation expected to be valid for any ionization degree.The free-electron contribution is described by the Maynard–Deutsch–Zimmerman formula,and the bound-electron contribution relies on the Bethe formula with corrections,in particular taking into account density and shell effects.The results of the bound-state computation using three different parametric potentials are investigated within the Garbet formalism for the mean excitation energy.The first parametric potential is due to Green,Sellin,and Zachor,the second one was proposed by Yunta,and the third one was introduced by Klapisch in the framework of atomic-structure computations.The results are compared with those of self-consistent average-atom calculations.This approach correctly bridges the limits of neutral and fully ionized matter.
文摘In this paper, we study the stability of a class of conformable fractional-order systems using the Lyapunov function. We assume that the nonlinear part of the system satisfies the one-sided Lipschitz condition and the quadratic inner-bounded condition. We provide some sufficient conditions that ensure the asymptotic stability of the system. Furthermore, we present the construction of a feedback stabilizing controller for conformable fractional bilinear systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52409151)the Programme of Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Green,Efficient and Intelligent Construction of Underground Metro Station(Programme No.ZDSYS20200923105200001)the Science and Technology Major Project of Xizang Autonomous Region of China(XZ202201ZD0003G).
文摘Substantial advancements have been achieved in Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM)technology and monitoring systems,yet the presence of missing data impedes accurate analysis and interpretation of TBM monitoring results.This study aims to investigate the issue of missing data in extensive TBM datasets.Through a comprehensive literature review,we analyze the mechanism of missing TBM data and compare different imputation methods,including statistical analysis and machine learning algorithms.We also examine the impact of various missing patterns and rates on the efficacy of these methods.Finally,we propose a dynamic interpolation strategy tailored for TBM engineering sites.The research results show that K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)and Random Forest(RF)algorithms can achieve good interpolation results;As the missing rate increases,the interpolation effect of different methods will decrease;The interpolation effect of block missing is poor,followed by mixed missing,and the interpolation effect of sporadic missing is the best.On-site application results validate the proposed interpolation strategy's capability to achieve robust missing value interpolation effects,applicable in ML scenarios such as parameter optimization,attitude warning,and pressure prediction.These findings contribute to enhancing the efficiency of TBM missing data processing,offering more effective support for large-scale TBM monitoring datasets.
基金supported by Foshan Xianhu Laboratory Project(No.XHD2024–31000000–06)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2024A1515140005,2024B1515120017)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22308070).
文摘Electrocatalytic C–N coupling technology offers a promising route for green and sustainable urea synthesis.However,this route faces challenges of low urea yield and Faradaic efficiency due to the high dissociation energy of atomic bonds in reactants,complex reaction intermediates,high reaction energy barriers,and competing side reactions.As C–N coupling involves the synergistic action of two or more active sites,it is crucial to develop efficient multi-active-site catalysts to address these challenges.This review analyzes the reaction mechanisms of electrocatalytic C–N coupling for urea synthesis and summarizes effective strategies to achieve multi-active-site catalysts,including heteroatom doping,defect engineering,heterojunctions,and diatomic catalysts.Furthermore,based on this analysis,we propose the universal design principles for high-efficiency multi-activesite catalysts.
文摘Recent progress in the design and fabrication of thermal metasurfaces allows a broad control of the properties of light emission,including its polarization state.Stokes polarimetry is a key approach to accurately characterize partially polarized light.The quality of a Stokes polarimeter made of retarders and polarizers can be evaluated by use of metrics such as the equally weighted variance or the condition number of the matrix representing the polarimeter.Although specific instrument configurations are used to maximize polarimeter performance at a given wavelength,such optimal solutions are not spectrally robust because of the wave-length dependence of retardance.This becomes an issue in characterizing broadband thermal sources in the infrared.We report a Stokes polarimeter making use of five polarization analysis states and consisting of two simple and common optical elements—a crystalline waveplate and a linear polarizer.We combine this setup with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to measure accurately in a single set of acqui-sitions without requiring any spectral filtering,and to measure the polarization state with accuracy over a broad range of wavelengths.Such a Stokes polarimeter allows for close to optimal noise in the data reduc-tion process in the mid-wave infrared spectral range from 2.5 to 5μm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372224 and 52072299)the Major Project of Shaanxi Coal Joint Fund of Shaanxi.Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.2019JLZ-07)。
文摘Understanding the structure-property relationship and the mechanisms by which catalysts promote polysulfide conversion is crucial for the rational design of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)battery catalysts.Herein,we systematically investigate Fe-,Co-,and Ni-incorporated Mo_(2)C as catalysts for RT Na-S battery to elucidate the intrinsic correlation between the d band center of Mo in Mo_(2)C and its catalytic activity.Combining experimental and theoretical analysis revealed that Ni-substituted Mo_(2)C elevates the d band center while significantly reducing antibonding orbitals(π^(*))occupancy compared to Fe-substituted Mo_(2)C and Co-substituted Mo_(2)C counterparts.This electronic restruction enhances d-p hybridization at the Mo-S interface,which strengthens sodium polysulfides adsorption energy and enhances charge transfer,thereby steering sulfur redox pathways toward thermodynamically favorable configurations.Our findings elucidate the intricate interplay between the electronic structure and catalytic activity of Mo_(2)C,advancing a novel perspective for the rational design of RT Na-S battery catalysts through tailored modulation of antibonding orbital occupancy.
基金supported by the PHC-Tassili program No.24MDU114。
文摘The difference in the microstructure,texture in the stir zone(SZ)of the AZ31(Mg-3 Al-1 Zn,wt.%)alloy after friction stir welding(FSW)and subsequent annealing at 400℃for 1 h was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)with electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)measurements at the surface and core regions.The findings indicate that FSW produced grain refinement where the mean grain size decreases from 19μm(base metal)to 5.1 and 3.5μm at the surface and core regions,respectively.The c-axis of the grains at the surface region was aligned with the normal direction(<0001>//ND)due to the additional strain of the tool shoulder.In contrast,the core region shows a typical shear texture,where the c-axis tends to be oriented parallel to the welding direction(<0001>//WD).The Vickers microhardness mapping across the SZ revealed that the core region was soften than the surface region due to the dynamic recrystallization and texture weakening.The microstructure of the SZ remains principally deformed after annealing treatment except for the development of massive Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates and the abnormal grain growth of a few grains with<11-20>//WD orientation at the upper side of the surface region.The c-axis of the grains at the surface region was tilted about 10°toward WD,while an inclined<0001>//WD orientation about 30°from WD was developed at the core region.Consequently,the distribution of microhardness values across the SZ was more heterogeneous than the FSW sample.The results were discussed in the light of grain boundary misorientation,dislocation density and the pinning effect of Mg_(17)Al_(12)precipitates.Additionally,Schmid factor analysis was used to examine the activation of the basal slip mode to characterize the associated mechanical response.
文摘Analyzing filaments and cores in molecular clouds is key to understanding galactic star formation and its environmental dependence.This paper studies the properties and distribution of dense cores and filaments in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud,with a focus on the L1688 hub-filament system(HFS)and its star formation potential.We extracted sources and filaments from Herschel images and a 13.5 resolution surface density map using the getsf method,identified dense cores among the extracted sources,evaluated core mass segregation,and constructed the core mass function(CMF).We derived properties of the filaments from their radial surface density profiles,constructed the filament linear density function(FLDF),and assessed the mass distribution in the L1688 HFS to estimate the core and filament formation efficiencies(CFEs,FFEs).We identified 64 protostellar,132 prestellar,and 686 unbound cores.The CMF of the prestellar cores has a power-law exponent of-0.86,and the FLDF of the densest filaments has a similar slope of-0.97,whereas the CMF of the unbound cores is found to be-1.36.Mass segregation is prominent among the most massive cores,with only slight differences between the bound and unbound cores.The low-mass unbound cores affect the overall spatial distribution.Among the 769 well-resolved filaments,we find a median half-maximum width of 0.12 pc and a median slope of-1.4 for the filament radial profiles.Mass distribution in the L1688 hub is dominated by the filaments,and outside the hub,it is dominated by the molecular cloud background.There exists a strong correlation between FFE and CFE,which reach their respective maxima of 71%and 5%within the hub and decrease to 21%and 0.9%outside it.The results suggest that the gravitational potential in the L1688 HFS influences core clustering in its high-density regions and that the filament-dominated core formation is a key mechanism in star formation within the system.
基金financial support from the LASERLAB-EUROPE Access to Research Infrastructure Activity (Application No. 23068)carried out within the framework of EUROfusion Enabling Research Projects AWP21-ENR-01-CEA02 and AWP24-ENR-IFE-02-CEA-02+3 种基金received funding from Euratom Research and Training Programme 2021–2025 under Grant No. 633053supported by the Ministry of Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [Project No. LM2023068 (PALS RI)]by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDA25030200 and XDA25010100)supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) through Action CA21128 PROBONO (PROton BOron Nuclear Fusion: from energy production to medical applicatiOns)
文摘Recent experiments at the National Ignition Facility and theoretical modeling suggest that side stimulated Raman scattering(SSRS)instability could reduce laser–plasma coupling and generate considerable fluxes of suprathermal hot electrons under interaction conditions envisaged for direct-drive schemes for inertial confinement fusion.Nonetheless,SSRS remains to date one of the least understood parametric instabilities.Here,we report the first angularly and spectrally resolved measurements of scattered light at laser intensities relevant for the shock ignition scheme(I×10^(16)W/cm^(2)),showing significant SSRS growth in the direction perpendicular to the laser polarization.Modification of the focal spot shape and orientation,obtained by using two different random phase plates,and of the density gradient of the plasma,by utilizing exploding foil targets of different thicknesses,clearly reveals a different dependence of backward SRS(BSRS)and SSRS on experimental parameters.While convective BSRS scales with plasma density scale length,as expected by linear theory,the growth of SSRS depends on the spot extension in the direction perpendicular to laser polarization.Our analysis therefore demonstrates that under current experimental conditions,with density scale lengths L_(n)≈60–120μm and spot sizes FWHM≈40–100μm,SSRS is limited by laser beam size rather than by the density scale length of the plasma.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant No.2024YFA1611600)the SVOM project(a mission under the Strategic Priority Program on Space Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)+23 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant No.XDB0550401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant No.12494573)partly supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(grant No.2024D01D32)Tianshan Talent Training Program(grant No.2023TSYCLJ0053)Tianshan Innovation Team Program(grant No.2024D14015)supported by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(grant No.2024ZB110)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(grant No.GZC20241916)the General Fund(grant No.2024M763531)of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundationsupported by a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship(grant Nos.DHF-R1-221175 and DHF-ERE-221005)support by a postdoctoral fellowship from the CNESsupported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant No.2024YFA1611702)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant No.XDB0550101)the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche(ANR),under grant ANR-23-CE31-0011(project PEGaSUS)financial support from the GRAWITA Large Program Grant(PI P.D’Avanzo)financial support from the Italian Space Agency,contract ASI/INAF No.I/004/11/6support from the INAF project Premiale Supporto Arizona&Italiasupported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant No.12133003)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant No.12373042)the Bagui Scholars Program(No.GXR-6BG2424001)funded by the European Union(ERC,HEAVYMETAL,101071865,Views and opinions expressed are,however,those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them)the Cosmic Dawn Center(DAWN)is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No.DNRF140supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant Nos.12225305 and 12321003)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant No.12473049)supported by the General Fund(grant No.2024M763530)of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation。
文摘Early multiwavelength observations offer crucial insights into the nature of the relativistic jets responsible for gamma-ray bursts and their interaction with the surrounding medium.We present data of GRB 240825A from 17 space-and ground-based telescopes/instruments,covering wavelengths from NIR/optical to X-ray and GeV,and spanning from the prompt emission to the afterglow phase triggered by Swift and Fermi.The early afterglow observations were carried out by SVOM/C-GFT,and spectroscopic observations of the afterglow by GTC,VLT,and TNG determined the redshift of the burst(z=0.659)later.A comprehensive analysis of the prompt emission spectrum observed by Swift-BAT and Fermi-GBM/LAT reveals a rare and significant high-energy cutoff at 76 MeV.Assuming this cutoff is due toγγabsorption allows us to place an upper limit on the initial Lorentz factor,Γ_(0)<245.The optical/NIR and GeV afterglow light curves can be described by the standard external shock model,with early-time emission dominated by a reverse shock(RS)and a subsequent transition to forward shock(FS)emission.Our afterglow modeling yields a consistent estimate of the initial Lorentz factor(Γ_(0)∼234).Furthermore,the RS-to-FS magnetic field ratio(R 302B)indicates that the RS region is significantly more magnetized than the FS region.An isotropic-equivalent kinetic energy of E_(k,iso)=5.25×10^(54) erg is derived,and the correspondingγ-ray radiation efficiency is estimated to beη_(γ)=3.1%.On the other hand,the standard afterglow model cannot reproduce the X-ray light curve of GRB 240825A,calling for improved models to characterize all multiwavelength data.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1602200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12341501 and 12405174)the Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center for the strong support on the STCF key technology research project.
文摘Electron-positron colliders operating in the GeV center-of-mass range,or tau-charm energy region,have been proved to enable competitive frontier research due to several unique features.With the progress of high-energy physics in the last two decades,a new-generation Tau-Charm factory,called the Super Tau-Charm Facility(STCF),has been actively promoted by the particle physics community in China.STCF has the potential to address fundamental questions such as the essence of color confinement and the matter-antimatter asymmetry within the next decades.The main design goals of the STCF are a center-of-mass energy ranging from 2 to 7 GeV and a luminosity surpassing 5×10^(34)cm^(−2)s^(−1)that is optimized at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV,which is approximately 50 times that of the currently operating Tau-Charm factory-BEPCII.The STCF accelerator has two main parts:a double-ring collider with a crab-waist collision scheme and an injector that provides top-up injections for both electron and positron beams.As a typical third-generation electron-positron circular collider,the STCF accelerator faces many challenges in both accelerator physics and technology.In this paper,the conceptual design of the STCF accelerator complex is presented,including the ongoing efforts and plans for technological research and develop-ment,as well as the required infrastructure.The STCF project aims to secure support from the Chinese central government for its construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan(2026-2030).
文摘轻子散射实验是探索核子与原子核结构的理想工具。中国电子离子对撞机(Electron Ion Collider in China,EicC)建议书设想在已开建的强流重离子加速器装置(High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)的基础上,升级质子束流为20 GeV的极化束流,并建造2.8~5 GeV极化电子束流,从而实现质心系能量为15~20 GeV的双极化电子-离子对撞。EicC设计的亮度为(2~4)×10^33cm^-2·s^-1,质子束流极化率达到70%,电子束流极化率达到80%。该装置除了能提供极化轻离子束流(例如:氦-3)外,也可产生非极化重离子束流(碳-12~铀-238)。EicC将聚焦核子海夸克部分子结构、原子核物质结构与性质、奇特强子态三个方面的物理研究。高亮度、高精度的对撞机有助于精确地测量核子结构函数并对核子进行三维成像,揭示强相互作用的动力学规律;原子核部分子分布包括核子短程关联以及原子核介质效应同样是该提案的重要科学目标;EicC能区接近重味夸克产生阈值,在研究重味强子谱方面拥有低背景的独特优势,有助于发现研究新的奇特强子态。质子质量起源问题也可以通过重味矢量介子的产生来研究。为了完成上述物理目标,我们将利用最先进的探测器技术建造接近全立体角覆盖的EicC对撞机谱仪。在准备EicC白皮书的过程中,我们得到世界各国专家的支持。EicC的物理与已有的实验和美国即将建设的EIC中的物理项目相互补充。EicC的建成及运行有望引领前沿的中高能核物理研究,使我国在加速器和探测器先进技术等领域实现跨越式发展,为我国核物理与强子物理以及相关科学领域提供大型综合实验平台与人才培养基地。
基金supported financially by the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commissionpartially funded by the ANR under contract number(No.ANR-10EQUIPEX-37).
文摘We report that 316L austenitic stainless steel fabricated by direct laser deposition(DLD),an additive manufacturing(AM)process,have a higher yield strength than that of conventional 316L while keeping high ductility.More interestingly,no clear anisotropy in tensile properties was observed between the building and the scanning direction of the 3D printed steel.Metallographic examination of the as-built parts shows a heterogeneous solidification cellular microstructure.Transmission electron microscopy observations coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry(EDS)reveal the presence of chemical micro-segregation correlated with high dislocation density at cell boundaries as well as the in-situ formation of well-dispersed oxides and transition-metal-rich precipitates.The hierarchical heterogeneous microstructure in the AM parts induces excellent strength of the 316L stainless steel while the low staking fault energy of the as-built 316L promotes the occurrence of abundant deformation twinning,in the origin of the high ductility of the AM steel.Without additional post-process treatments,the AM 316L proves that it can be used as a structural material or component for repair in mechanical construction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61573043)supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51675025)
文摘Existing Physics-of-Failure-based(PoF-based)system reliability prediction methods are grounded on the independence assumption,which overlooks the dependency among the compo-nents.In this paper,a new type of dependency,referred to as failure collaboration,is introduced and considered in reliability predictions.A PoF-based model is developed to describe the failure behavior of systems subject to failure collaboration.Based on the developed model,the Bisection-based Reliability Analysis Method(BRAM)is exploited to calculate the system reliability.The developed methods are applied to predicting the reliability of a Hydraulic Servo Actuator(HSA).The results demonstrate that the developed methods outperform the traditional PoF-based reliability prediction methods when applied to systems subject to failure collaboration.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0703200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11772274).
文摘In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of systems with complex architecture and a large number of contacting bodies,a finite element software,named LiToTac,has been developed by using the object-oriented programming technique.This software,with an interactive graphical user interface,is able to handle highly non-linear problems including multiple contacts and large deformation.More importantly,the contact detection based on a hybrid three-stages methodology can be performed automatically,which is more efficient than the common strategies of pre-defining contact zones in commercial FEM software like ANSYS,ABAQUS,etc.In addition,the contact solver in LiToTac is portable between dynamic and quasi-static codes and can accurately solve contact coupled with friction in a reduced system.Several numerical examples are carried out to illustrate the functionality and capacity of the software package.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial supports of National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0301201)。
文摘Ti-6Al,Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys were prepared to investigate the toughening effects ofβstabilizers Mo and Nb on impact toughness and crack resistance of titanium alloys.Instrumented Charpy impact tests showed that the total impact absorbed energy of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(∼64 J)were two times higher than that of Ti-6Al(∼30 J),indicating the higher impact toughness of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys.Analysis of load-displacement curves revealed the similar crack initiation energy of Ti-6Al,Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(15.4 J,16.1 J and 15.0 J,respectively).However,the higher crack propagation energy of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb(46.7 J and 48.3 J,respectively)were about three times higher than that of Ti-6Al(14.4 J),indicating the stronger resistance to crack propagation in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Post-mortem analysis of impact samples demonstrated that the increased dislocation density and deformation twinning were mainly responsible for the stronger resistance to crack propagation in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Due to the invisibility of dislocation activation and deformation twinning during the Charpy impact process,a mathematical model has been proposed to evaluate the effects of Al,Mo and Nb elements on dislocation mobility based on the Yu Rui-huang electron theory.Addition of Mo and Nb elements significantly improved the dislocation mobility in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb compared to that in Ti-6Al alloy.Therefore,more dislocations were activated in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb which supplied the larger plastic deformation under impact loading.A dislocation-based model also has been proposed to interpret the nucleation and propagation of deformation twinning under the impact loading.Dislocation pileup atα/βinterfaces provided potential sites for nucleation of deformation twinning in Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb.Furthermore,deformation twinning facilitated the dislocation motion inαgrains with hard orientations.The increased dislocation mobility and deformation twinning were responsible for the stronger crack resistance as well as the higher impact toughness of Ti-6Al-2Mo and Ti-6Al-3Nb alloys.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772613 and 31572421)Special Funds for Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province (2019RS3022)。
文摘Background: The interaction of the gut microbiota with key metabolic and physiological processes may be associated with poor growth outcomes in animals born with intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR).Results: Growth performance, plasma hormone concentrations, and intestinal microbiota composition were analyzed in IUGR pigs and in normal birth weight(NBW) pigs when the NBW pigs reached 25, 50, and 100 kg of body weight(BW). Compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had lower initial, weaned, and final BW, and lower average daily gain and average daily feed intake in all the considered time points. In the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs had higher concentrations of plasma ghrelin and pancreatic polypeptide(PP), but lower insulin concentration than NBW pigs, while the situation was reversed in the 50 kg BW group. As compared to NBW pigs, IUGR pigs had higher microbial alpha diversity in the jejunum and ileum;in the 50 and 100 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs had higher Firmicutes abundance but lower Proteobacteria abundance in the jejunum, and lower Lactobacillus abundance in the jejunum and ileum;in the 25 kg BW group, IUGR pigs showed higher unclassified Ruminococcaceae abundance in the ileum;and in 25 and 50 kg BW groups, IUGR pigs showed lower Ochrobactrum abundance in the jejunum.Spearman's correlation revealed that Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with growth performance, while unclassified Ruminococcaceae was positively correlated. Predictive metagenomic analysis detected significantly different expression of genes in the intestinal microbiota between IUGR and NBW pigs, suggesting different metabolic capabilities between the two groups.Conclusions: Growing-finishing IUGR pigs showed lower growth performance, higher microbial alpha diversity, and differences in plasma hormone concentrations compared to NBW pigs. Alterations in the abundance of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria, Ruminococcaceae, Lactobacillus, and Ochrobactrum in the small intestine may be associated with IUGR, and may therefore serve as a future target for gut microbiota intervention in growing-finishing IUGR pigs.
