Introduction: The launch of health insurance in the Republic of the Congo took place against a backdrop of extremely high costs for dialysis, which was not one of the services financed within this framework. The aim o...Introduction: The launch of health insurance in the Republic of the Congo took place against a backdrop of extremely high costs for dialysis, which was not one of the services financed within this framework. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of including dialysis in the health insurance package in Congo. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with an evaluative aim, analyzing the impact of dialysis on the financing capacity of health insurance and health facilities to provide this type of care. Results: The results show that including dialysis in the universal health insurance package will require an additional financial effort of 6.20% of the current total financing capacity of the care basket. Most dialysis sessions are provided by the private health sector (87.5%), whose health facilities are unevenly distributed across the country, and concentrated in the country’s two major cities. This problem is the dual consequence of the very high cost of a dialysis session (average cost 140,234,375 FCFA or 229 US Dollars) and the number of patients under care, which will increase in the absence of effective and ongoing prevention efforts against chronic diseases in general and end-stage renal failure in particular. Conclusion: Dialysis is a high-impact public health intervention. The impact of its inclusion in the universal health insurance care package is difficult to bear financially. For dialysis to be covered by universal health insurance, additional funding and improved technical facilities are needed.展开更多
Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interv...Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.展开更多
The“Double First-Class”construction focuses on the development of disciplinary connotations and the improvement of talent cultivation quality,posing higher demands on the teaching mode and talent supply of public he...The“Double First-Class”construction focuses on the development of disciplinary connotations and the improvement of talent cultivation quality,posing higher demands on the teaching mode and talent supply of public health and preventive medicine disciplines.Environmental health,as a core course in public health and preventive medicine,directly relates to the cultivation of effective composite public health talents.Based on the core orientation of the“Double First-Class”construction and combining the talent cultivation and course characteristics of environmental health,this paper explores the significance of teaching reform and talent cultivation in environmental health from the perspective of“Double First-Class”construction.It also investigates the paths for teaching reform and talent cultivation from multiple dimensions,aiming to provide references for cultivating high-quality professionals who meet the needs of national public health development and ecological environmental protection.展开更多
As global greenhouse gases continue rising,the urgency of more ambitious action is clearer than ever before.China is the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases and one of the countries affected most by climate c...As global greenhouse gases continue rising,the urgency of more ambitious action is clearer than ever before.China is the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases and one of the countries affected most by climate change.The evidence about the impacts of climate change on the environment and human health may encourage China to take more decisive action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate impacts.展开更多
Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), mu...Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), multifactorial diseases due to obesogenic environment (availability of convenience food, media influence, etc.), psycho-social factors (social support systems, cultural/environmental influence, etc.) and genetic variants. Other causes are a subgroup of etiological factors (medications, diseases, immobilization, iatrogenic procedures, monogenic disease/genetic syndrome). Obesity is measured clinically by several common tools apart from body mass index (BMI), such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, and neck circumference. WC and WHR are common tools for measuring central obesity while BMI measures generalized obesity. Aims: The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence of obesity amongst health workers of David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, Uburu, Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria and to note the prevailing factors. A reliable estimate of the prevalence of obesity among health workers will contribute to the statistics needed to sway policymakers in the country to take urgent and substantial action on the increasing prevalence of obesity, especially in the healthcare industry. Methodology: The study was carried out between May 2024 and June 2024 at the David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital situated in Uburu, Ohaozara Local government area of Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria. The questionnaire was designed using the Finnish diabetic risk score (FINDRISC). It contained basic comprehending questions on age, gender, exposure to high blood pressure medication, and anthropometric measurement amongst others. Weight was taken with a portable weighing scale and height, with a stadiometer. Both were taken with shoes and headgear removed. The BMI was calculated using the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m2). Result: Generally, the prevalence of obesity (>30 kg/m2) in this study was low 17.6% (38), Overweight (BMI 25 - 30), 38.9%, (84) healthy Weight, (BMI 18.5 - 24.9), 43.5% (94). The study revealed that a family history of diabetes was significantly related to higher BMI, with participants more likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.00030). Similarly, participants with a personal history of diabetes were predominantly in the obese category (p = 0.00038). Waist circumference also showed a strong association with BMI, as larger waist measurements were more common among obese individuals (p = 9.2 × 10−8). In contrast, the analysis found no significant relationships between BMI and age, gender, high blood pressure, or exercise habits. Conclusion: The socio-demographic determinants of obesity in this study were gender, age < 45 years and exposure to exercise. These determinants should form the areas of focus for interventions such as health education and the design of work environments as environments designed to promote physical activities while working will reduce the prevalence of obesity in tertiary institutions.展开更多
As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future di...As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.展开更多
Increased mortality rates in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients with heart failure(HF)are believed to be driven by various factors,including disparities in access to healthcare services and shifting d...Increased mortality rates in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients with heart failure(HF)are believed to be driven by various factors,including disparities in access to healthcare services and shifting dynamics of the population characteristics.In this study,we examined the racial and ethnic disparities in the clinical outcomes of HF in COPD patients in the United States,analyzing data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.The database was searched retrospectively from 2016 to 2022 to identify COPD and HF patients by International Classification of Diseases-10 codes.A total of 2445545 individuals were included of which 76%were Whites,16%were Blacks,5%Hispanics and 3%others.Whites were significantly older than other populations(P<0.001),and a significantly higher proportion of Blacks were females compared to other racial groups.Regarding clinical outcomes,Black COPD patients with HF had the lowest mortality rates while it was similar between Whites and Hispanics(P<0.001).Compared to Whites,the adjusted odds ratio was significantly lower for Blacks,0.797[95%confidence interval(CI):0.783-0.812;P<0.001]and Hispanics,0.956(95%CI:0.932-0.981;P=0.001).Other racial groups had significantly higher mortality compared to Whites,with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.131(95%CI:1.099-1.164;P<0.001).Individuals from other racial groups had significantly longer hospital stay,and hospitalization cost adjusted for inflation.Cardiac arrest was the strongest predictor(P<0.001)for in-hospital mortality in all racial groups.展开更多
Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repe...Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repeated-measures randomized crossover study involving healthy college students in Beijing was conducted. Biological samples, including morning urine and venous blood, were collected to measure concentrations of 29 typical organic pollutants, including hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OH-PAHs), bisphenol A and its substitutes, phthalates and their metabolites, parabens,and five biomarkers of oxidative stress. Health assessments included blood pressure measurements and lung function indicators.Results Urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene(2-OH-PHE)(β = 4.35% [95% confidence interval(CI): 0.85%, 7.97%]), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene(β = 3.44% [95% CI: 0.19%, 6.79%]), and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene(4-OH-PHE)(β = 5.78% [95% CI: 1.27%, 10.5%]) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure. Exposures to 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OH-PYR)(β = 3.05% [95% CI:-4.66%,-1.41%]), 2-OH-PHE(β = 2.68% [95% CI:-4%,-1.34%]), and 4-OH-PHE(β = 3% [95% CI:-4.68%,-1.29%]) were negatively associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity. These findings highlight the adverse effects of exposure to multiple pollutants on cardiopulmonary health. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and extracellular superoxide dismutase, mediated the effects of multiple OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.Conclusion Exposure to multiple organic pollutants can adversely affect cardiopulmonary health.Oxidative stress is a key mediator of the effects of OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.展开更多
The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly a...The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.展开更多
Regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis is primarily mediated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory(StAR,commonly known as STARD1)protein.The StAR protein,by mobilizing the transport of intra-mitochondrial cholesterol...Regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis is primarily mediated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory(StAR,commonly known as STARD1)protein.The StAR protein,by mobilizing the transport of intra-mitochondrial cholesterol,mediates the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid biosynthesis.The first steroid produced by the action of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme(CYP11A1),at the mitochondrial inner membrane,is pregnenolone(the precursor of all neurosteroids),which is then converted to various steroids by tissue-specific enzymes.展开更多
Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the ...Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of pan-immuneinflammation value(PIV)in the diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and its association with the stage of PDR.METHODS:This observational case-control stu...AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of pan-immuneinflammation value(PIV)in the diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and its association with the stage of PDR.METHODS:This observational case-control study included participants who underwent routine complete blood count testing.Inflammation-related indices,including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),and PIV,were derived and analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis was applied to assess the diagnostic performance of these indices in distinguishing patients with PDR,with sensitivity,specificity,area under ROC,and optimal threshold values calculated.In addition,binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between inflammatory indices and PDR stage.RESULTS:This study included 205 patients:60 with diabetes without retinopathy(mean age:61.81±10.76y),80 with PDR(mean age:61.63±10.03y)and 65 healthy controls(mean age:59.52±5.88y).The PDR group had significantly higher white blood cell(WBC,P<0.001),monocyte(MONO,P=0.009)and neutrophil(NEU)counts(P<0.001).SII and PIV had the highest sensitivity and area under ROC for predicting patients with PDR(0.822,0.846,respectively).The optimal cut-off values for discriminating patients with PDR were determined to be>527.12 and>299.08 for SII and PIV,respectively.The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a decrease in lymphocyte(LYM)count and an increase in platelet count(PLT),glycated haemoglobin(HbA1c),SII,and PIV were all significantly associated with the development of high-risk PDR(all P<0.05).PIV was more stable than independent MONO,LYM,PLT and NEU levels in predicting both the diagnosis and stage of PDR.The optimal cut-off value for PIV to discriminate patients with high-risk PDR was found to be>345.87 area under ROC=0.871,with sensitivity of 0.827 and specificity of 0.812.CONCLUSION:PIV is a reliable,valuable,and inexpensive blood index that can be used for early detection and staging of PDR.PIV may therefore be essential to be used for the follow-up of diabetic patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models ...BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.展开更多
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can lead to neuronal necrosis,trigger inflammatory responses,promote white matter damage,and ultimately result in cognitive impairment.Consequently,chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is an i...Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can lead to neuronal necrosis,trigger inflammatory responses,promote white matter damage,and ultimately result in cognitive impairment.Consequently,chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is an important factor influencing the onset and progression of vascular dementia.The myelin sheath is a critical component of white matter,and damage and repair of the white matter are closely linked to myelin sheath integrity.This article reviews the role of microglia in vascular dementia,focusing on their effects on myelin sheaths and the potential therapeutic implications.The findings suggest that ischemia and hypoxia cause disruption of the blood-brain barrier and activate microglia,which may worsen blood-brain barrier damage through the release of matrix-degrading enzymes.Microglia-mediated metabolic reprogramming is recognized as an important driver of inflammation.Damage to the blood-brain barrier and subsequent inflammation can lead to myelin injury and accelerate the progression of vascular dementia.Early activation of microglia is a protective response that contributes to the maintenance of blood-brain barrier integrity through sensing,debris-clearing,and defensive mechanisms.However,prolonged activation can trigger a shift in microglia toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype,resulting in myelin damage and cognitive impairment.Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 have been identified as potential biomarkers for vascular dementia,as both are closely linked to cognitive decline.Although effective clinical treatments for myelin damage in the central nervous system are currently lacking,researchers are actively working to develop targeted therapies.Several drugs,including nimodipine,dopaminergic agents,simvastatin,biotin,and quetiapine,have been evaluated for clinical use in treating microglial and myelin damage.Future research will face challenges in developing targeted therapeutic strategies for vascular dementia,requiring further investigation into the timing,duration,and specific mechanisms of microglial activation,as well as the exploration of new drug combinations and additional therapeutic targets.展开更多
Regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic avenue for previously incurable diseases.As the risk of chronic and degenerative diseases significantly increases with age,the elderly population represents a major coh...Regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic avenue for previously incurable diseases.As the risk of chronic and degenerative diseases significantly increases with age,the elderly population represents a major cohort for stem cell-based therapies.However,the regenerative potential of stem cells significantly decreases with advanced age and deteriorating health status of the donor.Therefore,the efficacy of autologous stem cell therapy is significantly compromised in older patients.To overcome these limitations,alternative strategies have been used to restore the age-and disease-depleted function of stem cells.These methods aim to restore the therapeutic efficacy of aged stem cells for autologous use.This article explores the effect of donor age and health status on the regenerative potential of stem cells.It further highlights the limitations of stem cell-based therapy for autologous treatment in the elderly.A comprehensive insight into the potential strategies to address the“age”and“disease”compromised regenerative potential of autologous stem cells is also presented.The information provided here serves as a valuable resource for physicians and patients for optimization of stem cellbased autologous therapy for aged patients.展开更多
Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesio...Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.展开更多
Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This...Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This study aimed to assess longitudinal changes in lung function over a 5-year period and to identify predictors of airflow obstruction in a cohort of patients treated for active pulmonary TB.Methods Patients with active pulmonary TB were enrolled in this study and were followed during treatment,at treatment completion and five years post-treatment.Assessments included lung function and chest CT,analyzing longitudinal trends and airflow obstruction risk factors.Results Among 53 patients(mean age 36.9±13.9 years;64.2%male),7 patients(13.2%)exhibited airflow obstruction.At the 5-year follow-up,the mean FEV_(1)/FVC declined significantly(76.27%±12.04%vs.80.23%±11.02%,P<0.001)and 9 patients(17.0%)exhibited airflow obstruction.Seven of these patients predominantly showed air trapping consistent with small airway disease on chest CT,aligning with TB-COPD phenotype.Notably,four young-to-middle-aged patients(<60 years old)had persistent obstruction over the five years.Conclusion The initial test revealed that 13.2%of patients presented with airflow obstruction.By the 5-year follow-up,this proportion had increased to 17.0%,with most cases demonstrating imaging findings aligning with TB-COPD,even among younger,non-smoking individuals.These findings emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up and routine lung function assessments in TB survivors.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longit...AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.展开更多
Dendritic spines are small protrusions along dendrites that contain most of the excitatory synapses in principal neurons,playing a crucial role in neuronal function by creating a compartmentalized environment for sign...Dendritic spines are small protrusions along dendrites that contain most of the excitatory synapses in principal neurons,playing a crucial role in neuronal function by creating a compartmentalized environment for signal transduction.The plasticity of spine morphologies provides a tunable handle to regulate calcium signal dynamics,allowing rapid regulation of protein expression necessary to establish and maintain synapses(Cornejo et al.,2022).If excitatory inputs were to be located primarily on dendritic shafts,dendrites would frequently short-circuit,preventing voltage signals from propagating(Cornejo et al.,2022).It is thus not surprising that the structural plasticity of dendritic spines is closely linked to synaptic plasticity and memory formation(Berry and Nedivi,2017).While comprehensive in vitro studies have been conducted,in vivo studies that directly tackle the mechanism of dendritic transport and translation in regulating spine plasticity spatiotemporally are limited.展开更多
Prostatic carcinoma(PCa)has become one of the most common cancers among men worldwide,with both incidence and mortality rates steadily rising.Although current treatments are effective in the early stages of PCa,many c...Prostatic carcinoma(PCa)has become one of the most common cancers among men worldwide,with both incidence and mortality rates steadily rising.Although current treatments are effective in the early stages of PCa,many cases eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC),and led to treatment failure.To develop new therapeutic strategies to ameliorate the survival of PCa patients then has pressed the need on medicinal researchers.Of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs,Angelica gigas Naka(AGN),and its major pyranocoumarins were broadly reported on the effect of anti-PCa.However,existing reviews mainly focus on decursin(D),decursinol angelate(DA),and decursinol(DOH),without fully exploring other coumarins in AGN.Moreover,most reviews discuss general anticancer effects,with limited emphasis on PCa specifically.This review made a comprehensive summary of the coumarin components of AGN,and depicted the anti-PCa effects and mechanisms,giving a solid research support for drug discovery and development.This review also featured pharmacokinetic advantages and therapeutic potential of DOH,in order to suggest possibilities to overcome the in vivo transformation limitations of D and DA,and shed light on CRPC treatment.We also recommend future studies focus on more in vivo evidence,safety and toxicity evaluation,and clinical validation in humans.展开更多
文摘Introduction: The launch of health insurance in the Republic of the Congo took place against a backdrop of extremely high costs for dialysis, which was not one of the services financed within this framework. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of including dialysis in the health insurance package in Congo. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with an evaluative aim, analyzing the impact of dialysis on the financing capacity of health insurance and health facilities to provide this type of care. Results: The results show that including dialysis in the universal health insurance package will require an additional financial effort of 6.20% of the current total financing capacity of the care basket. Most dialysis sessions are provided by the private health sector (87.5%), whose health facilities are unevenly distributed across the country, and concentrated in the country’s two major cities. This problem is the dual consequence of the very high cost of a dialysis session (average cost 140,234,375 FCFA or 229 US Dollars) and the number of patients under care, which will increase in the absence of effective and ongoing prevention efforts against chronic diseases in general and end-stage renal failure in particular. Conclusion: Dialysis is a high-impact public health intervention. The impact of its inclusion in the universal health insurance care package is difficult to bear financially. For dialysis to be covered by universal health insurance, additional funding and improved technical facilities are needed.
文摘Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.
文摘The“Double First-Class”construction focuses on the development of disciplinary connotations and the improvement of talent cultivation quality,posing higher demands on the teaching mode and talent supply of public health and preventive medicine disciplines.Environmental health,as a core course in public health and preventive medicine,directly relates to the cultivation of effective composite public health talents.Based on the core orientation of the“Double First-Class”construction and combining the talent cultivation and course characteristics of environmental health,this paper explores the significance of teaching reform and talent cultivation in environmental health from the perspective of“Double First-Class”construction.It also investigates the paths for teaching reform and talent cultivation from multiple dimensions,aiming to provide references for cultivating high-quality professionals who meet the needs of national public health development and ecological environmental protection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82025030,No.72394404)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3702700)the National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control of China(No.DQGG0401).
文摘As global greenhouse gases continue rising,the urgency of more ambitious action is clearer than ever before.China is the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases and one of the countries affected most by climate change.The evidence about the impacts of climate change on the environment and human health may encourage China to take more decisive action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate impacts.
文摘Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), multifactorial diseases due to obesogenic environment (availability of convenience food, media influence, etc.), psycho-social factors (social support systems, cultural/environmental influence, etc.) and genetic variants. Other causes are a subgroup of etiological factors (medications, diseases, immobilization, iatrogenic procedures, monogenic disease/genetic syndrome). Obesity is measured clinically by several common tools apart from body mass index (BMI), such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, and neck circumference. WC and WHR are common tools for measuring central obesity while BMI measures generalized obesity. Aims: The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence of obesity amongst health workers of David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, Uburu, Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria and to note the prevailing factors. A reliable estimate of the prevalence of obesity among health workers will contribute to the statistics needed to sway policymakers in the country to take urgent and substantial action on the increasing prevalence of obesity, especially in the healthcare industry. Methodology: The study was carried out between May 2024 and June 2024 at the David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital situated in Uburu, Ohaozara Local government area of Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria. The questionnaire was designed using the Finnish diabetic risk score (FINDRISC). It contained basic comprehending questions on age, gender, exposure to high blood pressure medication, and anthropometric measurement amongst others. Weight was taken with a portable weighing scale and height, with a stadiometer. Both were taken with shoes and headgear removed. The BMI was calculated using the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m2). Result: Generally, the prevalence of obesity (>30 kg/m2) in this study was low 17.6% (38), Overweight (BMI 25 - 30), 38.9%, (84) healthy Weight, (BMI 18.5 - 24.9), 43.5% (94). The study revealed that a family history of diabetes was significantly related to higher BMI, with participants more likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.00030). Similarly, participants with a personal history of diabetes were predominantly in the obese category (p = 0.00038). Waist circumference also showed a strong association with BMI, as larger waist measurements were more common among obese individuals (p = 9.2 × 10−8). In contrast, the analysis found no significant relationships between BMI and age, gender, high blood pressure, or exercise habits. Conclusion: The socio-demographic determinants of obesity in this study were gender, age < 45 years and exposure to exercise. These determinants should form the areas of focus for interventions such as health education and the design of work environments as environments designed to promote physical activities while working will reduce the prevalence of obesity in tertiary institutions.
文摘As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.
文摘Increased mortality rates in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients with heart failure(HF)are believed to be driven by various factors,including disparities in access to healthcare services and shifting dynamics of the population characteristics.In this study,we examined the racial and ethnic disparities in the clinical outcomes of HF in COPD patients in the United States,analyzing data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.The database was searched retrospectively from 2016 to 2022 to identify COPD and HF patients by International Classification of Diseases-10 codes.A total of 2445545 individuals were included of which 76%were Whites,16%were Blacks,5%Hispanics and 3%others.Whites were significantly older than other populations(P<0.001),and a significantly higher proportion of Blacks were females compared to other racial groups.Regarding clinical outcomes,Black COPD patients with HF had the lowest mortality rates while it was similar between Whites and Hispanics(P<0.001).Compared to Whites,the adjusted odds ratio was significantly lower for Blacks,0.797[95%confidence interval(CI):0.783-0.812;P<0.001]and Hispanics,0.956(95%CI:0.932-0.981;P=0.001).Other racial groups had significantly higher mortality compared to Whites,with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.131(95%CI:1.099-1.164;P<0.001).Individuals from other racial groups had significantly longer hospital stay,and hospitalization cost adjusted for inflation.Cardiac arrest was the strongest predictor(P<0.001)for in-hospital mortality in all racial groups.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFE0134900,2023YFC3708305,2023YFC3708302)Strategy Priority Research Program(Category B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42477455,42077390).
文摘Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repeated-measures randomized crossover study involving healthy college students in Beijing was conducted. Biological samples, including morning urine and venous blood, were collected to measure concentrations of 29 typical organic pollutants, including hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OH-PAHs), bisphenol A and its substitutes, phthalates and their metabolites, parabens,and five biomarkers of oxidative stress. Health assessments included blood pressure measurements and lung function indicators.Results Urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene(2-OH-PHE)(β = 4.35% [95% confidence interval(CI): 0.85%, 7.97%]), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene(β = 3.44% [95% CI: 0.19%, 6.79%]), and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene(4-OH-PHE)(β = 5.78% [95% CI: 1.27%, 10.5%]) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure. Exposures to 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OH-PYR)(β = 3.05% [95% CI:-4.66%,-1.41%]), 2-OH-PHE(β = 2.68% [95% CI:-4%,-1.34%]), and 4-OH-PHE(β = 3% [95% CI:-4.68%,-1.29%]) were negatively associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity. These findings highlight the adverse effects of exposure to multiple pollutants on cardiopulmonary health. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and extracellular superoxide dismutase, mediated the effects of multiple OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.Conclusion Exposure to multiple organic pollutants can adversely affect cardiopulmonary health.Oxidative stress is a key mediator of the effects of OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.
基金funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0502900)special fund for Research on the National Major Research Instruments of China(62027824)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20314)the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province in China(2022a05020028)the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province.
文摘The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.
基金supported in part by funding from the Department of Internal Medicine and The CH Foundation(to PRM).
文摘Regulation of neurosteroid biosynthesis is primarily mediated by the steroidogenic acute regulatory(StAR,commonly known as STARD1)protein.The StAR protein,by mobilizing the transport of intra-mitochondrial cholesterol,mediates the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid biosynthesis.The first steroid produced by the action of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme(CYP11A1),at the mitochondrial inner membrane,is pregnenolone(the precursor of all neurosteroids),which is then converted to various steroids by tissue-specific enzymes.
文摘Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the predictive value of pan-immuneinflammation value(PIV)in the diagnosis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and its association with the stage of PDR.METHODS:This observational case-control study included participants who underwent routine complete blood count testing.Inflammation-related indices,including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),and PIV,were derived and analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)analysis was applied to assess the diagnostic performance of these indices in distinguishing patients with PDR,with sensitivity,specificity,area under ROC,and optimal threshold values calculated.In addition,binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between inflammatory indices and PDR stage.RESULTS:This study included 205 patients:60 with diabetes without retinopathy(mean age:61.81±10.76y),80 with PDR(mean age:61.63±10.03y)and 65 healthy controls(mean age:59.52±5.88y).The PDR group had significantly higher white blood cell(WBC,P<0.001),monocyte(MONO,P=0.009)and neutrophil(NEU)counts(P<0.001).SII and PIV had the highest sensitivity and area under ROC for predicting patients with PDR(0.822,0.846,respectively).The optimal cut-off values for discriminating patients with PDR were determined to be>527.12 and>299.08 for SII and PIV,respectively.The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a decrease in lymphocyte(LYM)count and an increase in platelet count(PLT),glycated haemoglobin(HbA1c),SII,and PIV were all significantly associated with the development of high-risk PDR(all P<0.05).PIV was more stable than independent MONO,LYM,PLT and NEU levels in predicting both the diagnosis and stage of PDR.The optimal cut-off value for PIV to discriminate patients with high-risk PDR was found to be>345.87 area under ROC=0.871,with sensitivity of 0.827 and specificity of 0.812.CONCLUSION:PIV is a reliable,valuable,and inexpensive blood index that can be used for early detection and staging of PDR.PIV may therefore be essential to be used for the follow-up of diabetic patients.
基金Supported by the National Key Specialty of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Spleen and Stomach Diseases),No.0500004National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82205104 and No.82104850+1 种基金Hospital Capability Enhancement Project of Xiyuan Hospital,CACMS,No.XYZX0303-07the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,Excellent Young Scientists Training Program of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,No.ZZ16-YQ-002.
文摘BACKGROUND Non-erosive reflux disease(NERD),the main gastroesophageal reflux subtype,features reflux symptoms without mucosal damage.Anxiety links to visceral hypersensitivity in NERD,yet mechanisms and animal models are unclear.AIM To establish a translational NERD rat model with anxiety comorbidity via tail clamping and study corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-mediated neuroimmune pathways in visceral hypersensitivity and esophageal injury.METHODS Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Wistar rats were grouped into sham,model,and modified groups(n=10 each).The treatments for the modified groups were as follows:SD rats received ovalbumin/aluminum hydroxide suspension+acid perfusion±tail clamping(40 minutes/day for 7 days),while Wistar rats received fructose water+tail clamping.Esophageal pathology,visceral sensitivity,and behavior were assessed.Serum CRH,calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),and mast cell tryptase(MCT)and central amygdala(CeA)CRH mRNA were measured via ELISA and qRT-PCR.RESULTS Tail clamping induced anxiety,worsening visceral hypersensitivity(lower abdominal withdrawal reflex thresholds,P<0.05)and esophageal injury(dilated intercellular spaces and mitochondrial edema).Both models showed raised serum CRH,CGRP,5-HT,and MCT(P<0.01)and CeA CRH mRNA expression(P<0.01).Behavioral tests confirmed anxiety-like phenotypes.NERD-anxiety rats showed clinical-like symptom severity without erosion.CONCLUSION Tail clamping induces anxiety in NERD models,worsening visceral hypersensitivity via CRH neuroimmune dysregulation,offering a translational model and highlighting CRH as a treatment target.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,No.7232279(to XW)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U21A20400(to QW)Key Project of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Nos.2022-JYB-JBZR-004(to XW),2024-JYB-JBZD-043(to CL).
文摘Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can lead to neuronal necrosis,trigger inflammatory responses,promote white matter damage,and ultimately result in cognitive impairment.Consequently,chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is an important factor influencing the onset and progression of vascular dementia.The myelin sheath is a critical component of white matter,and damage and repair of the white matter are closely linked to myelin sheath integrity.This article reviews the role of microglia in vascular dementia,focusing on their effects on myelin sheaths and the potential therapeutic implications.The findings suggest that ischemia and hypoxia cause disruption of the blood-brain barrier and activate microglia,which may worsen blood-brain barrier damage through the release of matrix-degrading enzymes.Microglia-mediated metabolic reprogramming is recognized as an important driver of inflammation.Damage to the blood-brain barrier and subsequent inflammation can lead to myelin injury and accelerate the progression of vascular dementia.Early activation of microglia is a protective response that contributes to the maintenance of blood-brain barrier integrity through sensing,debris-clearing,and defensive mechanisms.However,prolonged activation can trigger a shift in microglia toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype,resulting in myelin damage and cognitive impairment.Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 have been identified as potential biomarkers for vascular dementia,as both are closely linked to cognitive decline.Although effective clinical treatments for myelin damage in the central nervous system are currently lacking,researchers are actively working to develop targeted therapies.Several drugs,including nimodipine,dopaminergic agents,simvastatin,biotin,and quetiapine,have been evaluated for clinical use in treating microglial and myelin damage.Future research will face challenges in developing targeted therapeutic strategies for vascular dementia,requiring further investigation into the timing,duration,and specific mechanisms of microglial activation,as well as the exploration of new drug combinations and additional therapeutic targets.
文摘Regenerative medicine is a promising therapeutic avenue for previously incurable diseases.As the risk of chronic and degenerative diseases significantly increases with age,the elderly population represents a major cohort for stem cell-based therapies.However,the regenerative potential of stem cells significantly decreases with advanced age and deteriorating health status of the donor.Therefore,the efficacy of autologous stem cell therapy is significantly compromised in older patients.To overcome these limitations,alternative strategies have been used to restore the age-and disease-depleted function of stem cells.These methods aim to restore the therapeutic efficacy of aged stem cells for autologous use.This article explores the effect of donor age and health status on the regenerative potential of stem cells.It further highlights the limitations of stem cell-based therapy for autologous treatment in the elderly.A comprehensive insight into the potential strategies to address the“age”and“disease”compromised regenerative potential of autologous stem cells is also presented.The information provided here serves as a valuable resource for physicians and patients for optimization of stem cellbased autologous therapy for aged patients.
基金supported by the Qingdao Medical Health Research Project,No.2023-WJZD212(to XX)。
文摘Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of white matter lesions.However,the mechanisms and regulatory pathways involved in ferroptosis within white matter lesions remain unclear.Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs)have been shown to influence the occurrence and development of these lesions.We previously identified lnc_011797 as a biomarker of white matter lesions by high-throughput sequencing.To investigate the mechanism by which lnc_011797 regulates white matter lesions,we established subjected human umbilical vein endothelial cells to oxygenglucose deprivation to simulate conditions associated with white matter lesions.The cells were transfected with lnc_011797 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses.Our findings indicate that lnc_011797 promoted ferroptosis in these cells,leading to the formation of white matter lesions.Furthermore,lnc_011797 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA(ce RNA)for mi R-193b-3p,thereby regulating the expression of WNK1 and its downstream ferroptosis-related proteins.To validate the role of lnc_011797 in vivo,we established a mouse model of white matter lesions through bilateral common carotid artery stenosis.The results from this model confirmed that lnc_011797 regulates ferroptosis via WNK1 and promotes the development of white matter lesions.These findings clarify the mechanism by which lnc RNAs regulate white matter lesions,providing a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of white matter lesions.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project for the Prevention and Control of Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases[2025ZD01908702]Peking University Medicine Fund of Fostering Young Scholars’Scientific&Technological innovation[BMU2024YFJHP014]supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities+1 种基金Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital[BYSYZD2022014]Peking University Third Hospital[2025024].
文摘Objective Post tuberculosis lung disease(PTLD)manifests in various forms,including tuberculosisassociated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(TB-COPD),yet the clinical features of PTLD remain undercharacterized.This study aimed to assess longitudinal changes in lung function over a 5-year period and to identify predictors of airflow obstruction in a cohort of patients treated for active pulmonary TB.Methods Patients with active pulmonary TB were enrolled in this study and were followed during treatment,at treatment completion and five years post-treatment.Assessments included lung function and chest CT,analyzing longitudinal trends and airflow obstruction risk factors.Results Among 53 patients(mean age 36.9±13.9 years;64.2%male),7 patients(13.2%)exhibited airflow obstruction.At the 5-year follow-up,the mean FEV_(1)/FVC declined significantly(76.27%±12.04%vs.80.23%±11.02%,P<0.001)and 9 patients(17.0%)exhibited airflow obstruction.Seven of these patients predominantly showed air trapping consistent with small airway disease on chest CT,aligning with TB-COPD phenotype.Notably,four young-to-middle-aged patients(<60 years old)had persistent obstruction over the five years.Conclusion The initial test revealed that 13.2%of patients presented with airflow obstruction.By the 5-year follow-up,this proportion had increased to 17.0%,with most cases demonstrating imaging findings aligning with TB-COPD,even among younger,non-smoking individuals.These findings emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up and routine lung function assessments in TB survivors.
文摘AIM:To investigate the long-term outcomes in acute primary angle closure(APAC)patients treated with lens extraction(LE)surgery and to identify risk factors for glaucomatous optic neuropathy(GON).METHODS:In this longitudinal observational study,detailed medical histories of APAC patients and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations at final followup were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of blindness.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine risk factors associated with visual outcomes.RESULTS:This study included 39 affected eyes of 31 subjects(26 females)with an average age of 74.1±8.0y.At 6.7±4.2y after APAC attack,2(5.7%)eyes had bestcorrected visual acuity(VA)worse than 3/60.Advanced glaucomatous visual field loss was observed in 15(39.5%)affected eyes and 5(25.0%)fellow eyes.Nine affected eyes(23.7%)had GON,and 11(28.9%)were blind.Six(15.4%)affected eyes and 2(9.1%)fellow eyes had suspicious progression.A significantly higher blindness rate in factory workers compared to office workers.Logistic regression identified that worse VA at attack(OR 10.568,95%CI 1.288-86.695;P=0.028)and worse early postoperative VA(OR 13.214,95%CI 1.157-150.881;P=0.038)were risk factors for blindness.Multivariate regression showed that longer duration of elevated intraocular pressure(P=0.004)and worse early postoperative VA(P=0.009)were associated with worse visual outcomes.CONCLUSION:Despite LE surgery,some APAC patients experience continued visual function deterioration.Lifelong monitoring is necessary.Target pressure and progression rates should be re-evaluated during follow-up.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC/RGC/JRF N_HKU735/21)Research Grant Council of Hong Kong,China(17102120,17108821,17103922,C1024-22GF,C7074-21G)+1 种基金Health and Medical Research Fund(HMRF 09200966)(to CSWL)FRQS Postdoctoral Fellowship(to AHKF).
文摘Dendritic spines are small protrusions along dendrites that contain most of the excitatory synapses in principal neurons,playing a crucial role in neuronal function by creating a compartmentalized environment for signal transduction.The plasticity of spine morphologies provides a tunable handle to regulate calcium signal dynamics,allowing rapid regulation of protein expression necessary to establish and maintain synapses(Cornejo et al.,2022).If excitatory inputs were to be located primarily on dendritic shafts,dendrites would frequently short-circuit,preventing voltage signals from propagating(Cornejo et al.,2022).It is thus not surprising that the structural plasticity of dendritic spines is closely linked to synaptic plasticity and memory formation(Berry and Nedivi,2017).While comprehensive in vitro studies have been conducted,in vivo studies that directly tackle the mechanism of dendritic transport and translation in regulating spine plasticity spatiotemporally are limited.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(grant number 2021A1515011485)the Traditional Chinese Medicine Multidisciplinary Innovation Team Program of Liaoning Province(grant number LNZYYCXTD-JCCX-002)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory foundation of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera State Theory and Applications of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(grant number.zyzx1807)“Three levels”Talent Construction Projects in Zhuhai College of Science and Technology.
文摘Prostatic carcinoma(PCa)has become one of the most common cancers among men worldwide,with both incidence and mortality rates steadily rising.Although current treatments are effective in the early stages of PCa,many cases eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC),and led to treatment failure.To develop new therapeutic strategies to ameliorate the survival of PCa patients then has pressed the need on medicinal researchers.Of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs,Angelica gigas Naka(AGN),and its major pyranocoumarins were broadly reported on the effect of anti-PCa.However,existing reviews mainly focus on decursin(D),decursinol angelate(DA),and decursinol(DOH),without fully exploring other coumarins in AGN.Moreover,most reviews discuss general anticancer effects,with limited emphasis on PCa specifically.This review made a comprehensive summary of the coumarin components of AGN,and depicted the anti-PCa effects and mechanisms,giving a solid research support for drug discovery and development.This review also featured pharmacokinetic advantages and therapeutic potential of DOH,in order to suggest possibilities to overcome the in vivo transformation limitations of D and DA,and shed light on CRPC treatment.We also recommend future studies focus on more in vivo evidence,safety and toxicity evaluation,and clinical validation in humans.
