OBJECTIVE Hybrid coronary revascularization(HCR)combines a minimally invasive surgical approach to the left anterior descending(LAD)artery with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for non-LAD diseased coronary arte...OBJECTIVE Hybrid coronary revascularization(HCR)combines a minimally invasive surgical approach to the left anterior descending(LAD)artery with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for non-LAD diseased coronary arteries.It is associated with shorter hospital lengths of stay and recovery times than conventional coronary artery bypass surgery,but there is little information comparing it to isolated PCI for multivessel disease.Our objective is to compare long-term outcomes of HCR and PCI for patients with multivessel disease.METHODS This cohort study used data from New York’s cardiac surgery and PCI registries in 2010−2016 to examine mortality and repeat revascularization rates for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent HCR and PCI.Cox proportional hazards methods were used to reduce selection bias.Patients were followed for a median of four years.RESULTS There was a total of 335 HCR patients(1.2%)and 25,557 PCI patients(98.8%)after exclusions.There was no difference in 6-year risk adjusted survival between HCR and PCI patients 83.17%vs.81.65%,adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=0.90(95%CI:0.67−1.20).However,HCR patients were more likely to be free from repeat revascularization in the LAD artery(91.13%vs.83.59%,aHR=0.51(95%CI:0.34−0.77)).CONCLUSIONS For patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease,HCR is rarely performed.There are no differences in mortality rates after four years,but HCR is associated with lower repeat revascularization rates in the LAD artery,presumably due to better longevity in left arterial mammary grafts.展开更多
No progress has been made in the development of drugs to stop the progression of Parkinson’s Disease. Here the author has presented a novel approach to stopping the disease using a dietary supplement primarily compos...No progress has been made in the development of drugs to stop the progression of Parkinson’s Disease. Here the author has presented a novel approach to stopping the disease using a dietary supplement primarily composed of Mannitol. In vivo animal studies have shown that Mannitol was able to break up alpha-synuclein clusters and restore functioning in transgenic drosophila and mice. The author, who has Parkinson’s, used himself as a subject and was able to achieve similar results.展开更多
This paper again specifies the major points of the article “Do Prime Numbers Obey a Three-Dimensional Double Helix?” [1] which was received on February 16, 2006 by Hadronic Journal. New information has been added an...This paper again specifies the major points of the article “Do Prime Numbers Obey a Three-Dimensional Double Helix?” [1] which was received on February 16, 2006 by Hadronic Journal. New information has been added and elucidated upon, such as why the numbers 2 and 3 are not considered true prime numbers, and why s in the following formulas for 6s - 1 and for 6s + 1 is really a composite number equal to the sum of two other numbers, suggesting that s is always to be considered as an integer. Other new information is added as well, such as how an engineer in a matter of seconds decomposed a large prime product into its constituent primes using basic software and won a contract for his firm.展开更多
In response to the Deepwater Horizon （DwH） oil spill event in 2010, the Naval Oceanographic Office deployed a nowcast-forecast system covering the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent Caribbean Sea that was designated Americ...In response to the Deepwater Horizon （DwH） oil spill event in 2010, the Naval Oceanographic Office deployed a nowcast-forecast system covering the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent Caribbean Sea that was designated Americas Seas, or AMSEAS, which is documented in this manuscript. The DwH disaster provided a challenge to the application of available ocean-forecast capabilities, and also generated a historically large observational dataset. AMSEAS was evaluated by four complementary efforts, each with somewhat different aims and approaches： a university research consortium within an Integrated Ocean Observing System （IOOS） testbed; a petroleum industry consortium, the Gulf of Mexico 3-D Operational Ocean Forecast System Pilot Prediction Project （GOMEX-PPP）; a British Petroleum （BP） funded project at the Northern Gulf Institute in response to the oil spill; and the Navy itself. Validation metrics are presented in these different projects for water temperature and salinity profiles, sea surface wind, sea surface temperature, sea surface height, and volume transport, for different forecast time scales. The validation found certain geographic and time biases/errors, and small but systematic improvements relative to earlier regional and global modeling efforts. On the basis of these positive AMSEAS validation studies, an oil spill transport simulation was conducted using archived AMSEAS nowcasts to examine transport into the estuaries east of the Mississippi River. This effort captured the influences of Hurricane Alex and a non-tropical cyclone off the Louisiana coast, both of which pushed oil into the western Mississippi Sound, illustrating the importance of the atmospheric influence on oil spills such as DwH.展开更多
Abundances of important and imperiled fishes of the Snake River Basin continue to decline.We assessed the rationale for breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams to prevent complete loss of these fishes,and to m...Abundances of important and imperiled fishes of the Snake River Basin continue to decline.We assessed the rationale for breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams to prevent complete loss of these fishes,and to maximize their likelihood of recovery.We summarize the science surrounding Sockeye Salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka),Chinook Salmon(O.tshawytscha),steelhead(O.mykiss),Bull Trout(Salvelinus confluentus),White Sturgeon(Acipenser transmontanus),and Pacific Lamprey(Entosphenus tridentatus).From this,we drew ten conclusions:(1)development of the Columbia River System(including the Snake River Basin)has converted mainstem rivers into reservoirs,altering fish behavior and survival;(2)most populations currently record their lowest abundance;(3)the Columbia River System dams reduce productivity of diadromous fishes in the highest-quality spawning grounds that could buffer against future climate dynamics;(4)past actions have done little to reduce impacts or precipitate recovery;(5)the Columbia River System constrains survival and productivity of salmon,steelhead and Bull Trout;(6)Snake River Basin salmon and steelhead remain at high extinction risk;(7)eliminating migration impediments and improving mainstem habitats are essential for maintaining genetic diversity and improving Bull Trout persistence;(8)the lower Snake River Basin dams preclude passage of adult White Sturgeon,constraining gene flow and recruitment;(9)the lower Snake River Basin dams impede dramatically passage of adult and juvenile Pacific Lamprey,and(10)Snake River Basin Pacific Lamprey is at high risk of extirpation.Breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams is an action likely to prevent extirpation and extinction of these fishes.Lessons from the Columbia River System can inform conservation in other impounded rivers.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE Hybrid coronary revascularization(HCR)combines a minimally invasive surgical approach to the left anterior descending(LAD)artery with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)for non-LAD diseased coronary arteries.It is associated with shorter hospital lengths of stay and recovery times than conventional coronary artery bypass surgery,but there is little information comparing it to isolated PCI for multivessel disease.Our objective is to compare long-term outcomes of HCR and PCI for patients with multivessel disease.METHODS This cohort study used data from New York’s cardiac surgery and PCI registries in 2010−2016 to examine mortality and repeat revascularization rates for patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent HCR and PCI.Cox proportional hazards methods were used to reduce selection bias.Patients were followed for a median of four years.RESULTS There was a total of 335 HCR patients(1.2%)and 25,557 PCI patients(98.8%)after exclusions.There was no difference in 6-year risk adjusted survival between HCR and PCI patients 83.17%vs.81.65%,adjusted hazard ratio(aHR)=0.90(95%CI:0.67−1.20).However,HCR patients were more likely to be free from repeat revascularization in the LAD artery(91.13%vs.83.59%,aHR=0.51(95%CI:0.34−0.77)).CONCLUSIONS For patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease,HCR is rarely performed.There are no differences in mortality rates after four years,but HCR is associated with lower repeat revascularization rates in the LAD artery,presumably due to better longevity in left arterial mammary grafts.
文摘No progress has been made in the development of drugs to stop the progression of Parkinson’s Disease. Here the author has presented a novel approach to stopping the disease using a dietary supplement primarily composed of Mannitol. In vivo animal studies have shown that Mannitol was able to break up alpha-synuclein clusters and restore functioning in transgenic drosophila and mice. The author, who has Parkinson’s, used himself as a subject and was able to achieve similar results.
文摘This paper again specifies the major points of the article “Do Prime Numbers Obey a Three-Dimensional Double Helix?” [1] which was received on February 16, 2006 by Hadronic Journal. New information has been added and elucidated upon, such as why the numbers 2 and 3 are not considered true prime numbers, and why s in the following formulas for 6s - 1 and for 6s + 1 is really a composite number equal to the sum of two other numbers, suggesting that s is always to be considered as an integer. Other new information is added as well, such as how an engineer in a matter of seconds decomposed a large prime product into its constituent primes using basic software and won a contract for his firm.
文摘In response to the Deepwater Horizon （DwH） oil spill event in 2010, the Naval Oceanographic Office deployed a nowcast-forecast system covering the Gulf of Mexico and adjacent Caribbean Sea that was designated Americas Seas, or AMSEAS, which is documented in this manuscript. The DwH disaster provided a challenge to the application of available ocean-forecast capabilities, and also generated a historically large observational dataset. AMSEAS was evaluated by four complementary efforts, each with somewhat different aims and approaches： a university research consortium within an Integrated Ocean Observing System （IOOS） testbed; a petroleum industry consortium, the Gulf of Mexico 3-D Operational Ocean Forecast System Pilot Prediction Project （GOMEX-PPP）; a British Petroleum （BP） funded project at the Northern Gulf Institute in response to the oil spill; and the Navy itself. Validation metrics are presented in these different projects for water temperature and salinity profiles, sea surface wind, sea surface temperature, sea surface height, and volume transport, for different forecast time scales. The validation found certain geographic and time biases/errors, and small but systematic improvements relative to earlier regional and global modeling efforts. On the basis of these positive AMSEAS validation studies, an oil spill transport simulation was conducted using archived AMSEAS nowcasts to examine transport into the estuaries east of the Mississippi River. This effort captured the influences of Hurricane Alex and a non-tropical cyclone off the Louisiana coast, both of which pushed oil into the western Mississippi Sound, illustrating the importance of the atmospheric influence on oil spills such as DwH.
文摘Abundances of important and imperiled fishes of the Snake River Basin continue to decline.We assessed the rationale for breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams to prevent complete loss of these fishes,and to maximize their likelihood of recovery.We summarize the science surrounding Sockeye Salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka),Chinook Salmon(O.tshawytscha),steelhead(O.mykiss),Bull Trout(Salvelinus confluentus),White Sturgeon(Acipenser transmontanus),and Pacific Lamprey(Entosphenus tridentatus).From this,we drew ten conclusions:(1)development of the Columbia River System(including the Snake River Basin)has converted mainstem rivers into reservoirs,altering fish behavior and survival;(2)most populations currently record their lowest abundance;(3)the Columbia River System dams reduce productivity of diadromous fishes in the highest-quality spawning grounds that could buffer against future climate dynamics;(4)past actions have done little to reduce impacts or precipitate recovery;(5)the Columbia River System constrains survival and productivity of salmon,steelhead and Bull Trout;(6)Snake River Basin salmon and steelhead remain at high extinction risk;(7)eliminating migration impediments and improving mainstem habitats are essential for maintaining genetic diversity and improving Bull Trout persistence;(8)the lower Snake River Basin dams preclude passage of adult White Sturgeon,constraining gene flow and recruitment;(9)the lower Snake River Basin dams impede dramatically passage of adult and juvenile Pacific Lamprey,and(10)Snake River Basin Pacific Lamprey is at high risk of extirpation.Breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams is an action likely to prevent extirpation and extinction of these fishes.Lessons from the Columbia River System can inform conservation in other impounded rivers.
