Diaphragmatic function is central to respiration,and its evaluation is critical in intensive care unit(ICU)settings.Ultrasonography is a reliable bedside tool to assess diaphragmatic excursion(DE).[1,2]The conventiona...Diaphragmatic function is central to respiration,and its evaluation is critical in intensive care unit(ICU)settings.Ultrasonography is a reliable bedside tool to assess diaphragmatic excursion(DE).[1,2]The conventional M-mode(MM)offers high-resolution imaging but requires precise alignment,which can be diffi cult in ICU patients.[3-5]Anatomical M-mode(AMM)allows flexible line adjustment,enabling accurate DE measurements despite poor acoustic windows.[6]However,comparative data between MM and AMM are limited.This retrospective study evaluated the concordance between MM and AMM for assessing right DE.展开更多
An abrupt decline in respiratory function often presents in patients unable to undergo imaging procedures,especially in critical care settings.Consequently,evaluation using transthoracic lung ultrasonography has been ...An abrupt decline in respiratory function often presents in patients unable to undergo imaging procedures,especially in critical care settings.Consequently,evaluation using transthoracic lung ultrasonography has been developed to promptly diagnose the patient's respiratory conditions at bedside,gaining increasing attention for its utility.However,conventional transthoracic ultrasonography may face challenges in directly accessing the thorax.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cleidocranial dysplasia(CCD)is an infrequent clinical condition with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.It is characterized by abnormal clavicles,patent sutures and fontanelles,supernumerary teeth,an...BACKGROUND Cleidocranial dysplasia(CCD)is an infrequent clinical condition with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.It is characterized by abnormal clavicles,patent sutures and fontanelles,supernumerary teeth,and short stature.Approximately 60%-70%of patients with CCD have mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene.However,prenatal diagnosis of CCD is difficult when the family history is unknown.CASE SUMMARY We report a rare case of fetal CCD with an unknown family history,confirmed by prenatal ultrasonography and genetic testing at a gestational age of 16 weeks.The genetic reports indicated that the fetus carried pathogenic mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene(c.674G>A).After careful consideration,the pregnant woman and her family decided to continue the pregnancy.CONCLUSION Definitive prenatal diagnosis of CCD should include family history,ultrasound diagnosis,and genetic analysis,especially if family history is unknown.展开更多
This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability and the clinical symptoms in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography....This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability and the clinical symptoms in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Fifty patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques were enrolled and examined with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. The correlation of contrast agent enhancement of the carotid atherosclerotic plaques and the clinical symptoms was analyzed. The results showed that among the 50 patients, plaques were enhanced in the 23 patients with obvious clinical symptoms. In 27 patients without apparent clinical symptoms, plaques were enhanced sparsely in 15 patients and not enhanced in 12 patients. It was suggested that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography could be used for the examination of the microcirculation in carotid atherosclerotic plaques on real-time basis and serve as a new noninvasive approach for the assessment of stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.展开更多
The Author Reply: We thank Pitcairn et al. [1] for their discussion of our study recently published in Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International [2]. They highlighted the added value that contrast-enhanced...The Author Reply: We thank Pitcairn et al. [1] for their discussion of our study recently published in Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International [2]. They highlighted the added value that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) can present in low-resource settings, where other diagnostic modalities may be neither cost-effective nor readily available. We agree with their point. In addition, we also would like to highlight that CEUS is safer for human body than computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results o...Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results of 69 cases of mammary carcinoma proved by surgical pathology and 22 cases of NLM before surgery by multicolor Doppler ultra-sonography. Results: The detection rates of mammary carcinoma and NLM focus by ultrasonic examining were 100%. The shape, envelope, foul line, blood stream between sound and image of two diseases were similar. Of the two diseases, the representation with slight calcification in lump, lower echo in low echo, bloodstream distribution and resistance were different. Conclusion: By analyzing the sound and image representation of mammary lump, we find color Doppler ultrasonography has significant value in identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump.展开更多
Objective: To observe the sonographic and hemodynamic features of hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands, in order to raise the accuracy of early diagno...Objective: To observe the sonographic and hemodynamic features of hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands, in order to raise the accuracy of early diagnosis rate for prostate cancer. Methods: 31 cases of hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and 18 cases of hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands were observed by transrectal ultrasonography and comparatively analyze the shape, edge and the systolic peak velocity (Vs) , resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the lesions. Results: In contrast with hypertrophic group, the cancer group presented irregular shape and unclear edge, and obviously higher Vs, RI and PI. Conclusion: The sonographic appearance and Vs. RI. PI have important value in distinguishing hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands.展开更多
Objective:The aim of the study was to observe the characters and differences of the inner and outer parts of prostate gland, the prostatic cancer lesions in inner and outer parts of prostate glands by transrectal cont...Objective:The aim of the study was to observe the characters and differences of the inner and outer parts of prostate gland, the prostatic cancer lesions in inner and outer parts of prostate glands by transrectal contrast enhanced ultrasonography (TRCEUS) in order to provide valuable information for diagnosing of prostatic cancers. Methods: The ultrasound contrast agent was SonoVue (from Bracco Company, Italian). Instrument adopted Esaote Company Technos DU8 (transrectal ultrasonography). We observed the starting and ending times of transrectal contrast enhancement in the normal prostate inner gland group (16 cases), normal prostate outer gland group (16 cases), and the prostatic cancer lesions in inner gland group (8 cases) as well as in outer gland group (11 cases), respectively. Results: There was no significant difference in the starting time of the normal prostate glands between the inner gland and outer gland groups (P>0.05), likewise no significant difference between the cancer lesions in the inner gland and outer gland groups (P>0.05), but starting times of the cancer lesions in both groups were earlier than those of the normal prostate inner and outer glands groups (P<0.01). The ending time of enhancement was no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The earlier starting time of contrast enhancement in prostatic cancer lesions by TRCEUS has important value of distinguishing the cancer lesions from normal prostate glands. It is helpful to diagnose the prostatic cancer lesions.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the correlation of small hepatocellular carcinoma ultrasonography parameters with the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes. Methods: A total of 61 patients with small hepatocellular...Objective: To investigate the correlation of small hepatocellular carcinoma ultrasonography parameters with the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes. Methods: A total of 61 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma who were diagnosed in this hospital between July 2015 and May 2017 were selected as small hepatocellular carcinoma group, and 48 patients with hepatolithiasis were selected as hepatolithiasis group. The ultrasonography parameters of the two groups were recorded and the expression levels of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes in the surgical lesion tissues were detected. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of ultrasonography parameters with the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes. Results: IMAX level in small hepatocellular carcinoma group was higher than that in hepatolithiasis group while TTP and mTT levels were lower than those in hepatolithiasis group;oncogenes C-myc, N-ras, PIK3CA, RMP, Bmil and pim-3 mRNA expression in lesion tissues were higher than those of hepatolithiasis group;angiogenesis genes VEGF, Ang-1, Tie-2 and MACC1 mRNA expression in lesion tissues were higher than those of hepatolithiasis group while ARH1 mRNA expression was lower than that of hepatolithiasis group. Pearson test showed that the ultrasonography parameters IMAX, TTP and mTT levels in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma were directly correlated to the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes in lesions. Conclusion: The ultrasonography parameters of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma are significantly different from those of patients with benign diseases, and the specific parameter levels are directly correlated with the malignancy of cancer cells.展开更多
AIM:To quantitatively assess the ability of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCUS) to detect tumor early response to pre-operative chemotherapy.METHODS:Forty-three patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuv...AIM:To quantitatively assess the ability of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCUS) to detect tumor early response to pre-operative chemotherapy.METHODS:Forty-three patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative resection between September 2011 and February 2012 were analyzed.Pre-operative chemotherapy regimens of fluorouracil + oxaliplatin or S-1 + oxaliplatin were administered in 2-4 cycles over 6-12 wk periods.All patients underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT) scan and DCUS before and after two courses of pre-operative chemotherapy.The therapeutic response was assessed by CT using the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST 1.1) criteria.Tumor area was assessed by DCUS as enhanced appearance of gastric carcinoma due to tumor vascularity during the contrast phase as compared to the normal gastric wall.Histopathologic analysis was carried out according to the Mandard tumor regression grade criteria and used as the reference standard.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of DCUS parameters in differentiating histopathological responders from non-responders.RESULTS:The study population consisted of 32 men and 11 women,with mean age of 59.7 ± 11.4 years.Neither age,sex,histologic type,tumor site,T stage,nor N stage was associated with pathological response.The responders had significantly smaller mean tumor size than the non-responders(15.7 ± 7.4 cm vs 33.3 ± 14.1 cm,P < 0.01).According to Mandard's criteria,27 patients were classified as responders,with 11(40.7%) showing decreased tumor size by DCUS.In contrast,only three(18.8%) of the 16 non-responders showed decreased tumor size by DCUS(P < 0.01).The area under the ROC curve was 0.64,with a 95%CI of 0.46-0.81.The effects of several cut-off points on diagnostic parameters were calculated in the ROC curve analysis.By maximizing Youden's index(sensitivity + specificity-1),the best cut-off point for distinguishing responders from non-responders was determined,which had optimal sensitivity of 62.9% and specificity of 56.3%.Using this cut-off point,the positive and negative predictive values of DCUS for distinguishing responders from non-responders were 70.8% and 47.4%,respectively.The overall accuracy of DCUS for therapeutic response assessment was 60.5%,slightly higher than the 53.5% for CT response assessment with RECIST criteria(P = 0.663).Although the advantage was not statistically significant,likely due to the small number of cases assessed.DCUS was able to identify decreased perfusion in responders who showed no morphological change by CT imaging,which can be occluded by such treatment effects as fibrosis and edema.CONCLUSION:DCUS may represent an innovative tool for more accurately predicting histopathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgical resection in patients with locally-advanced gastric cancer.展开更多
Herein we reported 5 patients of mass-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT,the diagnosis was confirmed through contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)imaging and pa...Herein we reported 5 patients of mass-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT,the diagnosis was confirmed through contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)imaging and pathology.From January 2015 to January 2018,five patients(1 male and 4 females)were confirmed as ICC by surgical resection or biopsy in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province,with average age of(74.2±5.6)years.These 5 ICC patients were misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT and later on。展开更多
BACKGROUND Ultrasound(US)can be a valuable tool for assessing arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially in cases of psoriatic disease.The clinical case reviewed in this article addresses an ...BACKGROUND Ultrasound(US)can be a valuable tool for assessing arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially in cases of psoriatic disease.The clinical case reviewed in this article addresses an exploratory finding that evaluates the effects of immunobiological treatments on dactylitis and IBD with the use of US techniques.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old Caucasian woman with psoriatic arthritis(PsA)and ulcerative colitis(UC)reported experiencing finger pain,knee arthritis,and bloody diarrhea.She showed a high Disease Activity index for PsA score and a severe Mayo score.She began treatment with adalimumab.Over the course of six months,the 18 MHz US procedure was performed on her joints and a 3.5 MHz US on her intestines.The joint US indicated dactylitis and swelling in her finger joints,while the intestinal US revealed 6.6 mm swelling in the sigmoid colon,increased abdominal fat,and high Doppler signal.Her fecal calprotectin level was 5984 mg/kg,and a colonoscopy showed that UC extended to the hepatic flexure,along with mild narrowing of the transverse colon.After six months treatment,all parameters showed improvement,including a remission of the Mayo score,better colonoscopy results,and Limberg score of 0.CONCLUSION More research is needed to find out the importance of using US in patients with PsA and UC as this could improve treatment strategies.展开更多
Background Transurethral resection of prostate （TURP） has been widely used as a golden standard therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia for over 40 years. However, not all patients achieved favorable outcome postop...Background Transurethral resection of prostate （TURP） has been widely used as a golden standard therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia for over 40 years. However, not all patients achieved favorable outcome postoperatively. Since the level of bladder outlet obstruction and the dysfunction of detrusor （overactive and underactive） were both found to affect surgical efficacy, urodynamics was recommended as routine preoperative examination in selecting proper surgical candidates by International Continence Society in spite of its invasiveness and high cost. The aim of this research was to compare the predictive value between ultrasonography and urodynamics for TURP efficacy and determine if preoperative urodynamic test could be replaced by ultrasonography.Methods Two hundred and seventy-one patients took part in the retrospective analysis. All the subjects had preoperative evaluation of symptoms, life quality, and combined examination of ultrasonography and urodynamics. Surgical efficacy was measured according to the recovery of international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, and maximal flow rate 6 months after TURP. Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis was applied to establish the predictive models of surgical efficacy by choosing parameters from ultrasonography or urodynamics as independent factors. Receiver’s operating characteristic curve was then plotted to compare the values between the models.Results Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of models consisting of parameters from both ultrasonography and urodynamics were favorable. Corresponding models of ultrasonography and urodynamics were found to have non-significant difference in area under curve （P〉0.05）.Conclusions Preoperative ultrasonography has as strong value as urodynamics does in predicting surgical outcome of patients undergone TURP and might take the place of urodynamics in selecting surgical candidates. Further prospective analysis with larger popularity and longer period of follow up should be launched to verify the result of this research.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Lung diseases are the most common conditions in newborn infants and children and are also the primary causes of death in children younger than 5 years old.[1] Therefore,accurate and timely diagnosis is ex...INTRODUCTION Lung diseases are the most common conditions in newborn infants and children and are also the primary causes of death in children younger than 5 years old.[1] Therefore,accurate and timely diagnosis is extremely important in order to enable efficient treatment and improve the prognosis of patients with lung diseases.In the past,the diagnosis of lung disease mainly depended on chest radiography （CR） and/or computed tomography （CT）.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is significantly advancing precision medicine,particularly in the fields of immunogenomics,radiomics,and pathomics.In immunogenomics,AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic dat...Artificial intelligence(AI)is significantly advancing precision medicine,particularly in the fields of immunogenomics,radiomics,and pathomics.In immunogenomics,AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic data to identify biomarkers associated with immunotherapy responses and disease prognosis,thus providing strong support for personalized treatments.In radiomics,AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity,treatment response,and disease progression,thereby enabling non-invasive,real-time assessments for personalized therapy.Pathomics leverages AI for deep analysis of digital pathology images,and can uncover subtle changes in tissue microenvironments,cellular characteristics,and morphological features,and offer unique insights into immunotherapy response prediction and biomarker discovery.These AI-driven technologies not only enhance the speed,accuracy,and robustness of biomarker discovery but also significantly improve the precision,personalization,and effectiveness of clinical treatments,and are driving a shift from empirical to precision medicine.Despite challenges such as data quality,model interpretability,integration of multi-modal data,and privacy protection,the ongoing advancements in AI,coupled with interdisciplinary collaboration,are poised to further enhance AI’s roles in biomarker discovery and immunotherapy response prediction.These improvements are expected to lead to more accurate,personalized treatment strategies and ultimately better patient outcomes,marking a significant step forward in the evolution of precision medicine.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gallstones are frequently observed in patients with cholecystitis,but the migration of free gallstones into the abdominal wall leading to chronic sinus formation is exceedingly rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a...BACKGROUND Gallstones are frequently observed in patients with cholecystitis,but the migration of free gallstones into the abdominal wall leading to chronic sinus formation is exceedingly rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 72-year-old woman who experienced recurring fever and abdominal pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis,during which gallbladder rupture was noted.Despite initial conservative management and temporary T-tube placement,the patient developed a chronic sinus in the abdominal wall 9.5 years later,characterized by an area of thickened soft tissue with ulceration and purulent discharge.Surgical exploration revealed the presence of a migrated gallstone at the base of the sinus tract,necessitating careful surgical removal and postoperative wound care.CONCLUSION This case highlights the potential long-term complications of retained free gallstones and the importance of thorough surgical retrieval.展开更多
BACKGROUND The expression level of Ki-67 and the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer determine tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis,which holds significant implications for clinical decision-making.A ...BACKGROUND The expression level of Ki-67 and the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer determine tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis,which holds significant implications for clinical decision-making.A major challenge in preoperative pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma management is predicting tumor malignancy.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS),a dynamic imaging technique based on blood pool visualization,can reveal lesion vasculature and provide quantitative perfusion data reflecting angiogenesis.By tracking contrast agent kinetics,CEUS offers non-invasive insights into tumor vascularization,helping assess malig-nancy potential.AIM To investigate the correlation between Ki-67 and pancreatic cancer differentiation using CEUS quantitative parameters and evaluated their diagnostic accuracy.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed pancreatic cancer patients who underwent CEUS and pathological confirmation.Pathological differentiation,clinical data,and quantitative CEUS parameters[maximum intensity(IMAX),rise time(RT),rise slope 50%(Rs50),rise slope 10%-90%(Rs1090),etc.]were collected.Based on Ki-67 expression(<50%vs≥50%),patients were divided into low-and high-expression groups.The study evaluated correlations between Ki-67 expression,differentiation degree,and CEUS quantitative parameters to assess tumor aggressiveness.RESULTS Among 54 patients(25 high Ki-67,29 low Ki-67),significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in Rs50,IMAX,wash-out area under the curve(WoutAUC),wash-in and out area under curve,and Rs1090 between high and low Ki-67 groups.High-expression patients showed elevated Rs50,IMAX,WoutAUC,and area under the curve(AUC),while RT and falling slope 50%(Fs50)were lower.Rs1090 demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy(AUC=0.863,sensitivity=0.92,specificity=0.759).Fs50 was effective in low Ki-67 detection(AUC=0.838).No correlation was found between enhancement patterns and Ki-67 or differentiation.CONCLUSION CEUS parameters(Rs50,IMAX,WoutAUC,Rs1090)strongly correlate with Ki-67,aiding non-invasive pancreatic cancer assessment.Rs1090/IMAX predict high Ki-67;Fs50 identifies low Ki-67,supporting CEUS for tumor aggressiveness evaluation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis(ITIN)is associated with high mortality rates in patients with acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia(AOMI).Currently,there are not many studies on the use of dual en...BACKGROUND Irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis(ITIN)is associated with high mortality rates in patients with acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia(AOMI).Currently,there are not many studies on the use of dual energy computed tomography(DECT)for evaluating ITIN.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of DECT for ITIN in AOMI.METHODS The cases and computed tomography(CT)images of 102 patients with clinically diagnosed AOMI(including 48 ITIN)from January 2012 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected.The CT scans included both multidetector CT and DECT.The raw data from DECT portal-venous phase were reconstructed into 120 kVp mixed energy image,50 keV virtual monoenergetic imaging,and iodine map.Two radiologists independently completed the subjective visual assessment of CT signs related to AOMI.Objective parameters,including the attenuation of the normal and_(lesion)intestinal wall segment(CT50 keV_(lesion),CT_(50 keV normal/lesion))and iodine concentrations(IC_(lesion)and I_(Cnormal/lesion)),were quantified.Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curves,and area under the curve(AUC)values were used to evaluate the subjective and objective indicators in predicting ITIN.RESULTS Regarding subjective signs,logistic regression analysis revealed reduced or absent bowel wall enhancement[odds ratio(OR)=5.576,95%confidence interval(CI):1.547-20.093],bowel dilation(OR=11.613,95%CI:3.790-35.586),and parenchymatous organ infarction(OR=4.727,95%CI:1.536-14.551)were independent risk factors for the ITIN.CT subjective signs had a high diagnostic efficacy for ITIN(AUC=0.853).The two DECT objective parameters also exhibited excellent diagnostic value for ITIN,with an AUC of 0.79,a cut-off value of CT50 keV normal/_(lesion)=2.81,and an AUC of 0.777 with a cut-off value of I_(Cnormal/lesion)=2.39.The Delong test showed that there was no significant difference in the efficacy of subjective CT signs and objective DECT parameters(P>0.05).Importantly,we observed that I_(Cnormal/lesion)combined with subjective signs(bowel dilation and parenchymatous organ infarction)had the highest predictive performance(AUC=0.894),sensitivity(100%),and specificity(70.83%),which was statistically different from the AUC of CT subjective signs(P=0.017).CONCLUSION I_(Cnormal/lesion)(DECT-based features)combined with CT subjective signs(bowel dilatation and parenchymatous organ infarction)showed favorable predictive performance for ITIN in AOMI,which may help clinicians develop timely treatment strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide.The transcription factor Myc-associated zinc finger protein(MAZ)has been implicated in cancer progression.However,its pre...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide.The transcription factor Myc-associated zinc finger protein(MAZ)has been implicated in cancer progression.However,its precise function and mecha-nisms in CRC remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of the MAZ/ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domains 1(UHRF1)/esophageal cancer-related gene 4(ECRG4)axis in CRC metastasis.METHODS Western blot,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and transwell were performed to evaluate the impact of MAZ knockdown on CRC cell migration and invasion.A xenograft tumor metastasis model was es-tablished by injecting MAZ-deficient CRC cells into nude mice to assess in vivo metastatic potential.Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the role of MAZ and its downstream target,UHRF1.Chromatin immunoprecip-itation-quantitative PCR and methylation-specific PCR were used to analyze whether UHRF1 regulated ECRG4 through DNA methylation.RESULTS MAZ was highly upregulated in CRC cells and promoted CRC migration,inva-sion,epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and metastasis.Mechanistically,MAZ transcriptionally activated UHRF1,which in turn led to DNA methylation of ECRG4.Knockdown of MAZ suppressed CRC migration and invasion was reversed by overexpression of UHRF1.Loss of UHRF1 upregulated ECRG4,inhibited EMT,and reduced cell migration and invasion.However,simultaneous knockdown of ECRG4 partially reversed these effects.CONCLUSION MAZ promotes CRC cell migration,invasion,and EMT by transcriptionally activating UHRF1,which downreg-ulates ECRG4 through DNA methylation.展开更多
The hydrophobic sonosensitizer IR780 iodide(IR780)was loaded into liposomes to form Liposome@IR780 nanoparticles(NPs)for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)to enhance SDT via low-intensity ultrasound(LIU)irradiation.T...The hydrophobic sonosensitizer IR780 iodide(IR780)was loaded into liposomes to form Liposome@IR780 nanoparticles(NPs)for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)to enhance SDT via low-intensity ultrasound(LIU)irradiation.The NPs were characterized using various physicochemical methods including size distribution,zeta potential,and morphology.In vitro experiments show that the Liposome@IR780 NPs can generate more reactive oxygen species(ROS)upon LIU irradiation.The apoptosis experiment results further demonstrate that Liposome@IR780 NPs show better apoptosis rate against 4T1 cells.Our results indicate that Liposome@IR780 NPs will provide a promising approach for TNBC upon SDT treatment.展开更多
文摘Diaphragmatic function is central to respiration,and its evaluation is critical in intensive care unit(ICU)settings.Ultrasonography is a reliable bedside tool to assess diaphragmatic excursion(DE).[1,2]The conventional M-mode(MM)offers high-resolution imaging but requires precise alignment,which can be diffi cult in ICU patients.[3-5]Anatomical M-mode(AMM)allows flexible line adjustment,enabling accurate DE measurements despite poor acoustic windows.[6]However,comparative data between MM and AMM are limited.This retrospective study evaluated the concordance between MM and AMM for assessing right DE.
文摘An abrupt decline in respiratory function often presents in patients unable to undergo imaging procedures,especially in critical care settings.Consequently,evaluation using transthoracic lung ultrasonography has been developed to promptly diagnose the patient's respiratory conditions at bedside,gaining increasing attention for its utility.However,conventional transthoracic ultrasonography may face challenges in directly accessing the thorax.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Weifang,No.2023YX005。
文摘BACKGROUND Cleidocranial dysplasia(CCD)is an infrequent clinical condition with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.It is characterized by abnormal clavicles,patent sutures and fontanelles,supernumerary teeth,and short stature.Approximately 60%-70%of patients with CCD have mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene.However,prenatal diagnosis of CCD is difficult when the family history is unknown.CASE SUMMARY We report a rare case of fetal CCD with an unknown family history,confirmed by prenatal ultrasonography and genetic testing at a gestational age of 16 weeks.The genetic reports indicated that the fetus carried pathogenic mutations in the RUNX family transcription factor 2 gene(c.674G>A).After careful consideration,the pregnant woman and her family decided to continue the pregnancy.CONCLUSION Definitive prenatal diagnosis of CCD should include family history,ultrasound diagnosis,and genetic analysis,especially if family history is unknown.
文摘This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability and the clinical symptoms in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Fifty patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques were enrolled and examined with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. The correlation of contrast agent enhancement of the carotid atherosclerotic plaques and the clinical symptoms was analyzed. The results showed that among the 50 patients, plaques were enhanced in the 23 patients with obvious clinical symptoms. In 27 patients without apparent clinical symptoms, plaques were enhanced sparsely in 15 patients and not enhanced in 12 patients. It was suggested that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography could be used for the examination of the microcirculation in carotid atherosclerotic plaques on real-time basis and serve as a new noninvasive approach for the assessment of stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
文摘The Author Reply: We thank Pitcairn et al. [1] for their discussion of our study recently published in Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International [2]. They highlighted the added value that contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) can present in low-resource settings, where other diagnostic modalities may be neither cost-effective nor readily available. We agree with their point. In addition, we also would like to highlight that CEUS is safer for human body than computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).
文摘Objective: To evaluate the value of identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump (NLM) by multicolor Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: We compared and analyzed the examination results of 69 cases of mammary carcinoma proved by surgical pathology and 22 cases of NLM before surgery by multicolor Doppler ultra-sonography. Results: The detection rates of mammary carcinoma and NLM focus by ultrasonic examining were 100%. The shape, envelope, foul line, blood stream between sound and image of two diseases were similar. Of the two diseases, the representation with slight calcification in lump, lower echo in low echo, bloodstream distribution and resistance were different. Conclusion: By analyzing the sound and image representation of mammary lump, we find color Doppler ultrasonography has significant value in identifying and diagnosing mammary carcinoma and non-lactation mastitis lump.
文摘Objective: To observe the sonographic and hemodynamic features of hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands, in order to raise the accuracy of early diagnosis rate for prostate cancer. Methods: 31 cases of hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and 18 cases of hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands were observed by transrectal ultrasonography and comparatively analyze the shape, edge and the systolic peak velocity (Vs) , resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the lesions. Results: In contrast with hypertrophic group, the cancer group presented irregular shape and unclear edge, and obviously higher Vs, RI and PI. Conclusion: The sonographic appearance and Vs. RI. PI have important value in distinguishing hypoechoic hypertrophic lesions and hypoechoic cancer lesions in the hypertrophic prostate inner glands.
文摘Objective:The aim of the study was to observe the characters and differences of the inner and outer parts of prostate gland, the prostatic cancer lesions in inner and outer parts of prostate glands by transrectal contrast enhanced ultrasonography (TRCEUS) in order to provide valuable information for diagnosing of prostatic cancers. Methods: The ultrasound contrast agent was SonoVue (from Bracco Company, Italian). Instrument adopted Esaote Company Technos DU8 (transrectal ultrasonography). We observed the starting and ending times of transrectal contrast enhancement in the normal prostate inner gland group (16 cases), normal prostate outer gland group (16 cases), and the prostatic cancer lesions in inner gland group (8 cases) as well as in outer gland group (11 cases), respectively. Results: There was no significant difference in the starting time of the normal prostate glands between the inner gland and outer gland groups (P>0.05), likewise no significant difference between the cancer lesions in the inner gland and outer gland groups (P>0.05), but starting times of the cancer lesions in both groups were earlier than those of the normal prostate inner and outer glands groups (P<0.01). The ending time of enhancement was no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The earlier starting time of contrast enhancement in prostatic cancer lesions by TRCEUS has important value of distinguishing the cancer lesions from normal prostate glands. It is helpful to diagnose the prostatic cancer lesions.
文摘Objective: To investigate the correlation of small hepatocellular carcinoma ultrasonography parameters with the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes. Methods: A total of 61 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma who were diagnosed in this hospital between July 2015 and May 2017 were selected as small hepatocellular carcinoma group, and 48 patients with hepatolithiasis were selected as hepatolithiasis group. The ultrasonography parameters of the two groups were recorded and the expression levels of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes in the surgical lesion tissues were detected. Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of ultrasonography parameters with the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes. Results: IMAX level in small hepatocellular carcinoma group was higher than that in hepatolithiasis group while TTP and mTT levels were lower than those in hepatolithiasis group;oncogenes C-myc, N-ras, PIK3CA, RMP, Bmil and pim-3 mRNA expression in lesion tissues were higher than those of hepatolithiasis group;angiogenesis genes VEGF, Ang-1, Tie-2 and MACC1 mRNA expression in lesion tissues were higher than those of hepatolithiasis group while ARH1 mRNA expression was lower than that of hepatolithiasis group. Pearson test showed that the ultrasonography parameters IMAX, TTP and mTT levels in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma were directly correlated to the expression of oncogenes and angiogenesis genes in lesions. Conclusion: The ultrasonography parameters of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma are significantly different from those of patients with benign diseases, and the specific parameter levels are directly correlated with the malignancy of cancer cells.
基金Supported by National Science Foundation of China,No. 81101834Projects of the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province, No.2009QN011 and 2011KYB037
文摘AIM:To quantitatively assess the ability of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound(DCUS) to detect tumor early response to pre-operative chemotherapy.METHODS:Forty-three patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by curative resection between September 2011 and February 2012 were analyzed.Pre-operative chemotherapy regimens of fluorouracil + oxaliplatin or S-1 + oxaliplatin were administered in 2-4 cycles over 6-12 wk periods.All patients underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT) scan and DCUS before and after two courses of pre-operative chemotherapy.The therapeutic response was assessed by CT using the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(RECIST 1.1) criteria.Tumor area was assessed by DCUS as enhanced appearance of gastric carcinoma due to tumor vascularity during the contrast phase as compared to the normal gastric wall.Histopathologic analysis was carried out according to the Mandard tumor regression grade criteria and used as the reference standard.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of DCUS parameters in differentiating histopathological responders from non-responders.RESULTS:The study population consisted of 32 men and 11 women,with mean age of 59.7 ± 11.4 years.Neither age,sex,histologic type,tumor site,T stage,nor N stage was associated with pathological response.The responders had significantly smaller mean tumor size than the non-responders(15.7 ± 7.4 cm vs 33.3 ± 14.1 cm,P < 0.01).According to Mandard's criteria,27 patients were classified as responders,with 11(40.7%) showing decreased tumor size by DCUS.In contrast,only three(18.8%) of the 16 non-responders showed decreased tumor size by DCUS(P < 0.01).The area under the ROC curve was 0.64,with a 95%CI of 0.46-0.81.The effects of several cut-off points on diagnostic parameters were calculated in the ROC curve analysis.By maximizing Youden's index(sensitivity + specificity-1),the best cut-off point for distinguishing responders from non-responders was determined,which had optimal sensitivity of 62.9% and specificity of 56.3%.Using this cut-off point,the positive and negative predictive values of DCUS for distinguishing responders from non-responders were 70.8% and 47.4%,respectively.The overall accuracy of DCUS for therapeutic response assessment was 60.5%,slightly higher than the 53.5% for CT response assessment with RECIST criteria(P = 0.663).Although the advantage was not statistically significant,likely due to the small number of cases assessed.DCUS was able to identify decreased perfusion in responders who showed no morphological change by CT imaging,which can be occluded by such treatment effects as fibrosis and edema.CONCLUSION:DCUS may represent an innovative tool for more accurately predicting histopathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgical resection in patients with locally-advanced gastric cancer.
基金supported by a grant from the Major Research Project of Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(NO.LSD19H180001)。
文摘Herein we reported 5 patients of mass-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT,the diagnosis was confirmed through contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)imaging and pathology.From January 2015 to January 2018,five patients(1 male and 4 females)were confirmed as ICC by surgical resection or biopsy in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province,with average age of(74.2±5.6)years.These 5 ICC patients were misdiagnosed as liver abscess by contrast-enhanced CT and later on。
文摘BACKGROUND Ultrasound(US)can be a valuable tool for assessing arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially in cases of psoriatic disease.The clinical case reviewed in this article addresses an exploratory finding that evaluates the effects of immunobiological treatments on dactylitis and IBD with the use of US techniques.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old Caucasian woman with psoriatic arthritis(PsA)and ulcerative colitis(UC)reported experiencing finger pain,knee arthritis,and bloody diarrhea.She showed a high Disease Activity index for PsA score and a severe Mayo score.She began treatment with adalimumab.Over the course of six months,the 18 MHz US procedure was performed on her joints and a 3.5 MHz US on her intestines.The joint US indicated dactylitis and swelling in her finger joints,while the intestinal US revealed 6.6 mm swelling in the sigmoid colon,increased abdominal fat,and high Doppler signal.Her fecal calprotectin level was 5984 mg/kg,and a colonoscopy showed that UC extended to the hepatic flexure,along with mild narrowing of the transverse colon.After six months treatment,all parameters showed improvement,including a remission of the Mayo score,better colonoscopy results,and Limberg score of 0.CONCLUSION More research is needed to find out the importance of using US in patients with PsA and UC as this could improve treatment strategies.
基金The study was supported by grants from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai （No. 09411950100） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81070600）.
文摘Background Transurethral resection of prostate （TURP） has been widely used as a golden standard therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia for over 40 years. However, not all patients achieved favorable outcome postoperatively. Since the level of bladder outlet obstruction and the dysfunction of detrusor （overactive and underactive） were both found to affect surgical efficacy, urodynamics was recommended as routine preoperative examination in selecting proper surgical candidates by International Continence Society in spite of its invasiveness and high cost. The aim of this research was to compare the predictive value between ultrasonography and urodynamics for TURP efficacy and determine if preoperative urodynamic test could be replaced by ultrasonography.Methods Two hundred and seventy-one patients took part in the retrospective analysis. All the subjects had preoperative evaluation of symptoms, life quality, and combined examination of ultrasonography and urodynamics. Surgical efficacy was measured according to the recovery of international prostate symptom score, quality of life score, and maximal flow rate 6 months after TURP. Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis was applied to establish the predictive models of surgical efficacy by choosing parameters from ultrasonography or urodynamics as independent factors. Receiver’s operating characteristic curve was then plotted to compare the values between the models.Results Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of models consisting of parameters from both ultrasonography and urodynamics were favorable. Corresponding models of ultrasonography and urodynamics were found to have non-significant difference in area under curve （P〉0.05）.Conclusions Preoperative ultrasonography has as strong value as urodynamics does in predicting surgical outcome of patients undergone TURP and might take the place of urodynamics in selecting surgical candidates. Further prospective analysis with larger popularity and longer period of follow up should be launched to verify the result of this research.
文摘INTRODUCTION Lung diseases are the most common conditions in newborn infants and children and are also the primary causes of death in children younger than 5 years old.[1] Therefore,accurate and timely diagnosis is extremely important in order to enable efficient treatment and improve the prognosis of patients with lung diseases.In the past,the diagnosis of lung disease mainly depended on chest radiography （CR） and/or computed tomography （CT）.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82272008)The Science&Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education(Grant No.2021KJ194)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-009A).
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)is significantly advancing precision medicine,particularly in the fields of immunogenomics,radiomics,and pathomics.In immunogenomics,AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic data to identify biomarkers associated with immunotherapy responses and disease prognosis,thus providing strong support for personalized treatments.In radiomics,AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography(CT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity,treatment response,and disease progression,thereby enabling non-invasive,real-time assessments for personalized therapy.Pathomics leverages AI for deep analysis of digital pathology images,and can uncover subtle changes in tissue microenvironments,cellular characteristics,and morphological features,and offer unique insights into immunotherapy response prediction and biomarker discovery.These AI-driven technologies not only enhance the speed,accuracy,and robustness of biomarker discovery but also significantly improve the precision,personalization,and effectiveness of clinical treatments,and are driving a shift from empirical to precision medicine.Despite challenges such as data quality,model interpretability,integration of multi-modal data,and privacy protection,the ongoing advancements in AI,coupled with interdisciplinary collaboration,are poised to further enhance AI’s roles in biomarker discovery and immunotherapy response prediction.These improvements are expected to lead to more accurate,personalized treatment strategies and ultimately better patient outcomes,marking a significant step forward in the evolution of precision medicine.
文摘BACKGROUND Gallstones are frequently observed in patients with cholecystitis,but the migration of free gallstones into the abdominal wall leading to chronic sinus formation is exceedingly rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of a 72-year-old woman who experienced recurring fever and abdominal pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis,during which gallbladder rupture was noted.Despite initial conservative management and temporary T-tube placement,the patient developed a chronic sinus in the abdominal wall 9.5 years later,characterized by an area of thickened soft tissue with ulceration and purulent discharge.Surgical exploration revealed the presence of a migrated gallstone at the base of the sinus tract,necessitating careful surgical removal and postoperative wound care.CONCLUSION This case highlights the potential long-term complications of retained free gallstones and the importance of thorough surgical retrieval.
基金Supported by the Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program,No.2024JH2/102600310.
文摘BACKGROUND The expression level of Ki-67 and the degree of differentiation in pancreatic cancer determine tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis,which holds significant implications for clinical decision-making.A major challenge in preoperative pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma management is predicting tumor malignancy.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS),a dynamic imaging technique based on blood pool visualization,can reveal lesion vasculature and provide quantitative perfusion data reflecting angiogenesis.By tracking contrast agent kinetics,CEUS offers non-invasive insights into tumor vascularization,helping assess malig-nancy potential.AIM To investigate the correlation between Ki-67 and pancreatic cancer differentiation using CEUS quantitative parameters and evaluated their diagnostic accuracy.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed pancreatic cancer patients who underwent CEUS and pathological confirmation.Pathological differentiation,clinical data,and quantitative CEUS parameters[maximum intensity(IMAX),rise time(RT),rise slope 50%(Rs50),rise slope 10%-90%(Rs1090),etc.]were collected.Based on Ki-67 expression(<50%vs≥50%),patients were divided into low-and high-expression groups.The study evaluated correlations between Ki-67 expression,differentiation degree,and CEUS quantitative parameters to assess tumor aggressiveness.RESULTS Among 54 patients(25 high Ki-67,29 low Ki-67),significant differences(P<0.05)were observed in Rs50,IMAX,wash-out area under the curve(WoutAUC),wash-in and out area under curve,and Rs1090 between high and low Ki-67 groups.High-expression patients showed elevated Rs50,IMAX,WoutAUC,and area under the curve(AUC),while RT and falling slope 50%(Fs50)were lower.Rs1090 demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy(AUC=0.863,sensitivity=0.92,specificity=0.759).Fs50 was effective in low Ki-67 detection(AUC=0.838).No correlation was found between enhancement patterns and Ki-67 or differentiation.CONCLUSION CEUS parameters(Rs50,IMAX,WoutAUC,Rs1090)strongly correlate with Ki-67,aiding non-invasive pancreatic cancer assessment.Rs1090/IMAX predict high Ki-67;Fs50 identifies low Ki-67,supporting CEUS for tumor aggressiveness evaluation.
基金Supported by The Project of Nantong City Health Committee,No.MS2023027 and WKZL2018017The“333”Talent Funding Project of Jiangsu Province,No.BRA2020198+1 种基金The Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission,No.ZD2021059The Youth Research Fund of Nantong Municipal Health Commission,No.QNZ2023027.
文摘BACKGROUND Irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis(ITIN)is associated with high mortality rates in patients with acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia(AOMI).Currently,there are not many studies on the use of dual energy computed tomography(DECT)for evaluating ITIN.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of DECT for ITIN in AOMI.METHODS The cases and computed tomography(CT)images of 102 patients with clinically diagnosed AOMI(including 48 ITIN)from January 2012 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected.The CT scans included both multidetector CT and DECT.The raw data from DECT portal-venous phase were reconstructed into 120 kVp mixed energy image,50 keV virtual monoenergetic imaging,and iodine map.Two radiologists independently completed the subjective visual assessment of CT signs related to AOMI.Objective parameters,including the attenuation of the normal and_(lesion)intestinal wall segment(CT50 keV_(lesion),CT_(50 keV normal/lesion))and iodine concentrations(IC_(lesion)and I_(Cnormal/lesion)),were quantified.Furthermore,multivariate logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curves,and area under the curve(AUC)values were used to evaluate the subjective and objective indicators in predicting ITIN.RESULTS Regarding subjective signs,logistic regression analysis revealed reduced or absent bowel wall enhancement[odds ratio(OR)=5.576,95%confidence interval(CI):1.547-20.093],bowel dilation(OR=11.613,95%CI:3.790-35.586),and parenchymatous organ infarction(OR=4.727,95%CI:1.536-14.551)were independent risk factors for the ITIN.CT subjective signs had a high diagnostic efficacy for ITIN(AUC=0.853).The two DECT objective parameters also exhibited excellent diagnostic value for ITIN,with an AUC of 0.79,a cut-off value of CT50 keV normal/_(lesion)=2.81,and an AUC of 0.777 with a cut-off value of I_(Cnormal/lesion)=2.39.The Delong test showed that there was no significant difference in the efficacy of subjective CT signs and objective DECT parameters(P>0.05).Importantly,we observed that I_(Cnormal/lesion)combined with subjective signs(bowel dilation and parenchymatous organ infarction)had the highest predictive performance(AUC=0.894),sensitivity(100%),and specificity(70.83%),which was statistically different from the AUC of CT subjective signs(P=0.017).CONCLUSION I_(Cnormal/lesion)(DECT-based features)combined with CT subjective signs(bowel dilatation and parenchymatous organ infarction)showed favorable predictive performance for ITIN in AOMI,which may help clinicians develop timely treatment strategies.
基金Supported by Hangzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan,No.B20210014.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide.The transcription factor Myc-associated zinc finger protein(MAZ)has been implicated in cancer progression.However,its precise function and mecha-nisms in CRC remain unclear.AIM To investigate the role and mechanism of the MAZ/ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING finger domains 1(UHRF1)/esophageal cancer-related gene 4(ECRG4)axis in CRC metastasis.METHODS Western blot,quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and transwell were performed to evaluate the impact of MAZ knockdown on CRC cell migration and invasion.A xenograft tumor metastasis model was es-tablished by injecting MAZ-deficient CRC cells into nude mice to assess in vivo metastatic potential.Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the role of MAZ and its downstream target,UHRF1.Chromatin immunoprecip-itation-quantitative PCR and methylation-specific PCR were used to analyze whether UHRF1 regulated ECRG4 through DNA methylation.RESULTS MAZ was highly upregulated in CRC cells and promoted CRC migration,inva-sion,epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and metastasis.Mechanistically,MAZ transcriptionally activated UHRF1,which in turn led to DNA methylation of ECRG4.Knockdown of MAZ suppressed CRC migration and invasion was reversed by overexpression of UHRF1.Loss of UHRF1 upregulated ECRG4,inhibited EMT,and reduced cell migration and invasion.However,simultaneous knockdown of ECRG4 partially reversed these effects.CONCLUSION MAZ promotes CRC cell migration,invasion,and EMT by transcriptionally activating UHRF1,which downreg-ulates ECRG4 through DNA methylation.
文摘The hydrophobic sonosensitizer IR780 iodide(IR780)was loaded into liposomes to form Liposome@IR780 nanoparticles(NPs)for triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)to enhance SDT via low-intensity ultrasound(LIU)irradiation.The NPs were characterized using various physicochemical methods including size distribution,zeta potential,and morphology.In vitro experiments show that the Liposome@IR780 NPs can generate more reactive oxygen species(ROS)upon LIU irradiation.The apoptosis experiment results further demonstrate that Liposome@IR780 NPs show better apoptosis rate against 4T1 cells.Our results indicate that Liposome@IR780 NPs will provide a promising approach for TNBC upon SDT treatment.
