Background Six provinces in China accounted for 70%-80% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases in the country in 2009 and five provinces accounted for 78% of all reported mother-to-child transmission （MTCT） of HIV cases. Be...Background Six provinces in China accounted for 70%-80% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases in the country in 2009 and five provinces accounted for 78% of all reported mother-to-child transmission （MTCT） of HIV cases. Because Guangxi belonged to both groups, the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission （PMTCT） Plus program was established there to understand better low birth weight （LBW） and preterm delivery （PD） birth outcomes and their associated risk factors better. Methods Pregnancy outcomes were examined among HIV-infected pregnant women who enrolled in the PMTCT Plus program from June 2006 to February 2009 in Guangxi, China. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors associated with LBW （〈2500 g） and PD （gestational age 〈37 weeks）. Results The prevalence of LBW and PD among 194 HIV-positive mothers was 19.6% （38/194） and 9.8% （19/194）, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD4 cell count 〈100 cell/IJI （multivariate-adjusted odds ratio （AOR） 5.52; 95% Cl 1.11-25.55） and CD4 cell count 100-199 cells/IJI （AOR3.40; 95% Cl 1.03-11.25, compared to CD4 cell count 〉350 cells/IJI）, gestational age 〈37 weeks （AOR 4.38; 95% Cl 1.29-14.82, compared to 〉37 weeks）, maternal weight 〈45 kg （AOR 5.64; 95% Cl 1.09-29.07） and maternal weight 45-54 kg （AOR 3.55; 95% CI 1.31-9.60, compared to 〉55 kg） at enrollment, and H IV RNA 〉100 000 copies/ml at enrollment （AOR 4.22; 95% CI 1.24-14.32） and 20 000-99 999 （AOR 2.77; 95% Cl 1.01-7.77, compared to 〈20 000 copies/ml） were associated with a higher risk of LBW. For PD, only maternal injection drug use as the route of HIV transmission （AOR 5.30; 95% Cl 1.33-21.14, compared to those infected with HIV through sexual transmission） was significantly associated with a higher risk of PD. Conclusions Lower CD4 cell count and higher HIV RNA viral load at enrollment were associated with LBW. Optimal antenatal care, including earlier antenatal screening and HIV diagnosis, is critical to earlier PMTCT prophylaxis and/or HIV treatment to prevent transmission of HIV to the infant and also to prevent LBW pregnancy outcomes.展开更多
2015年2月2日,美国罗德岛州卫生部门获知普罗维登斯学院出现1例男性大学生脑膜炎球菌疾病。3天后,报告第2例男性大学生病例,与第1例患者无接触史,罹患率为44/10万,约是全国17~22岁人群发病率的500倍[0.15/10万,2013年美国疾病预防与控...2015年2月2日,美国罗德岛州卫生部门获知普罗维登斯学院出现1例男性大学生脑膜炎球菌疾病。3天后,报告第2例男性大学生病例,与第1例患者无接触史,罹患率为44/10万,约是全国17~22岁人群发病率的500倍[0.15/10万,2013年美国疾病预防与控制中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC）国家免疫和呼吸系统疾病中心细菌性疾病部未发表的数据]。展开更多
文摘Background Six provinces in China accounted for 70%-80% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases in the country in 2009 and five provinces accounted for 78% of all reported mother-to-child transmission （MTCT） of HIV cases. Because Guangxi belonged to both groups, the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission （PMTCT） Plus program was established there to understand better low birth weight （LBW） and preterm delivery （PD） birth outcomes and their associated risk factors better. Methods Pregnancy outcomes were examined among HIV-infected pregnant women who enrolled in the PMTCT Plus program from June 2006 to February 2009 in Guangxi, China. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors associated with LBW （〈2500 g） and PD （gestational age 〈37 weeks）. Results The prevalence of LBW and PD among 194 HIV-positive mothers was 19.6% （38/194） and 9.8% （19/194）, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD4 cell count 〈100 cell/IJI （multivariate-adjusted odds ratio （AOR） 5.52; 95% Cl 1.11-25.55） and CD4 cell count 100-199 cells/IJI （AOR3.40; 95% Cl 1.03-11.25, compared to CD4 cell count 〉350 cells/IJI）, gestational age 〈37 weeks （AOR 4.38; 95% Cl 1.29-14.82, compared to 〉37 weeks）, maternal weight 〈45 kg （AOR 5.64; 95% Cl 1.09-29.07） and maternal weight 45-54 kg （AOR 3.55; 95% CI 1.31-9.60, compared to 〉55 kg） at enrollment, and H IV RNA 〉100 000 copies/ml at enrollment （AOR 4.22; 95% CI 1.24-14.32） and 20 000-99 999 （AOR 2.77; 95% Cl 1.01-7.77, compared to 〈20 000 copies/ml） were associated with a higher risk of LBW. For PD, only maternal injection drug use as the route of HIV transmission （AOR 5.30; 95% Cl 1.33-21.14, compared to those infected with HIV through sexual transmission） was significantly associated with a higher risk of PD. Conclusions Lower CD4 cell count and higher HIV RNA viral load at enrollment were associated with LBW. Optimal antenatal care, including earlier antenatal screening and HIV diagnosis, is critical to earlier PMTCT prophylaxis and/or HIV treatment to prevent transmission of HIV to the infant and also to prevent LBW pregnancy outcomes.
文摘2015年2月2日,美国罗德岛州卫生部门获知普罗维登斯学院出现1例男性大学生脑膜炎球菌疾病。3天后,报告第2例男性大学生病例,与第1例患者无接触史,罹患率为44/10万,约是全国17~22岁人群发病率的500倍[0.15/10万,2013年美国疾病预防与控制中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,CDC）国家免疫和呼吸系统疾病中心细菌性疾病部未发表的数据]。
