Objective:To study the potential of Pituranthos chloranthus essential oil(PC)as a chemoprotective agent.Methods:In the in vitro study,cell proliferation were determined in CT26,SW620,and SW480 cells.Cells were exposed...Objective:To study the potential of Pituranthos chloranthus essential oil(PC)as a chemoprotective agent.Methods:In the in vitro study,cell proliferation were determined in CT26,SW620,and SW480 cells.Cells were exposed to in creasing concentrations of PC(0,6.25,12.5,25,50,100,and 200μg/mL).Combination index was calculated by applying the Chou-Talalay method,apoptopsis was analyzed by annexin V/propidium iodide staining,reactive oxygen species accumulation,and theΔψm drop were also assessed.In the in vivo study,mice were divided into 5 groups:the normal control group,the CT26 tumor-bearing group,the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+PC group,the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+cisplatin group,and the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+cisplatin+PC group.Organ coefficients and tumor volume were calculated.Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels were assessed.Results:Cisplatin with PC induced a synergistic effect,allowing for reduced cisplatin dose while maintaining the same therapeutic efficacy.PC-cisplatin combinations inhibited cell viability by significantly inducing apoptosis,increasing reactive oxygen species accumulation and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential.Co-treatment with cisplatin and PC restored organ coefficients,reduced tumor volume,and alleviated nephrotoxicity in CT26 tumor-bearing mice by restoring kidney function markers and ameliorating kidney inflammation status.Conclusions:PC shows a chemoprotective potential by enhancing the antitumor effect of cisplatin while alleviating its side effects.展开更多
Background:During the establishment of a model of acute kidney injury(AKI)in pigs,we observed a high prevalence of malignant hyperthermia(MH).These complications led us to refine the anesthetic protocol.This publicati...Background:During the establishment of a model of acute kidney injury(AKI)in pigs,we observed a high prevalence of malignant hyperthermia(MH).These complications led us to refine the anesthetic protocol.This publication describes the impact of the choice of anesthetics on the results obtained.Methods:Pigs were euthanized at the end of the procedure,without recovery from anesthesia.Three anesthetic protocols were used:sevoflurane inhalation(ProtocolA,n=5),a combination of ketamine,medetomidine and diazepam by intravenous infusion(ProtocolB,n=5),and a combination of ketamine,diazepam,medetomidine,glucose,and noradrenaline(ProtocolC,n=5).All pigs received morphine for analgesia.AKI was induced by interrupting renal perfusion for 90 min.MH was diagnosed based on clinical and biological parameters.Results:All MH pigs belonged to ProtocolA.MH pigs showed significantly higher maximum rectal temperature(p=0.04),maximum expired carbon dioxide(CO_(2);p=0.04),maximum heart rate(HR;p=0.03),plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium(p<0.0001).Protocol A pigs had a significantly higher maximum HR(p=0.01)and hyperkalemia compared to the two other groups(ProtocolB,p=0.005 and ProtocolC,p<0.0001).Pigs from ProtocolA had a significantly lower minimum mean arterial pressure(MAP)than ProtocolC group(p=0.03)and MAP remained below 60 mmHg for longer(p=0.004).In ProtocolB,minimum glycemia was lower than other groups(p=0.01).Conclusion:Sevoflurane use was associated with the occurrence of MH,hemodynamic alterations and changes in plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium.These modifications can have a major impact on the validation of an experimental AKI model.展开更多
The prediction of the fracture plane orientation in fatigue is a scientific topic and remains relevant for every type of material. However, in this work, we compared the orientation of the fracture plane obtained expe...The prediction of the fracture plane orientation in fatigue is a scientific topic and remains relevant for every type of material. However, in this work, we compared the orientation of the fracture plane obtained experimentally through tests on specimens under multiaxial loading with that calculated by the variance method. In the statistical approach criteria, several methods have been developed but we have presented only one method, namely the variance method using the equivalent stress. She assumes that the fracture plane orientation is the one on which the variance of the equivalent stress is maximum. Three types of equivalent stress are defined for this method [1]: normal stress, shear stress and combined normal and shear stress. The results obtained were compared with experimental results for multiaxial cyclic stress states, and it emerges that the variance method for the case of combined loading is conservative as it gives a better prediction of the fracture plane.展开更多
This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori...This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori Massif.Through 44 km of linear mapping,we discovered the new mid-Miocene Pachnes Thrust(PT)which plays a key role in the central Lefka Ori Massif structural framework.展开更多
Tannins are polyphenols widely present in the plant kingdom,commonly divided into two groups:condensed and hydrolysable tannins.Sustainable furanic bio-foams based on condensed tannins have been largely studied,but li...Tannins are polyphenols widely present in the plant kingdom,commonly divided into two groups:condensed and hydrolysable tannins.Sustainable furanic bio-foams based on condensed tannins have been largely studied,but little is described about the use of hydrolysable tannins for this material.This study examined the potential of hydrolysable chestnut tannin in comparison to condensed mimosa tannins to produce furanic foams by chemical expansion.Due to the low reactivity of the hydrolysable tannin,the use of an external source for its polymerization and curing was necessary.Through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)chromatography,it was possible to observe that the new foams presented small differences in functional groups compared to the condensed tannin foams,presenting peaks related to carboxyl groups.In terms of physical properties,the chestnut foams showed an apparent density 36%higher than the conventional mimosa tannin foams and a superior hydrophilic character.In terms of thermal properties,both foams exhibit high thermal stability,with the acacia tannin foam being slightly superior.In summary,this research paves the way for new applications of hydrolysable tannins in bio-foams and materials science.展开更多
The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growt...The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growth remains unclear.In this study,we obtained potato dro2 mutant lines by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-Associated 9(CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated genome editing system.The mutant lines were generated from a splicing defect of the StDRO2 intron 1,which causes a nonsense mutation in StDRO2.Furthermore,the secondary structure of StDRO2 mRNA analyzed with RNAfold Web Server was altered in the dro2 mutant.Mutation of StDRO2 conveys potato adaptation through changing the RSA via alteration of auxin transport under drought stress.The potato dro2 lines showed higher plant height,longer root length,smaller root growth angle and increased tuber weight than the wild-type.The alteration of RSA was associated with a disturbance of IAA distribution in the dro2 mutant,and the levels of StPIN7 and StPIN10 detected by using real-time PCR were up-regulated in the roots of potato dro2 lines grown under drought stress.Moreover,the microRNAs(miRNAs)PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 targeted the StDRO2 gene,and auxin positively and negatively regulated the expression of StDRO2 and the miRNAs PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486,respectively,in the potato roots.Our data shows that a regulatory network involving auxin,StDRO2,PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 can control RSA to convey potato fitness under drought stress.展开更多
The world is facing a consistent increase in human population and a noticeable decrease in cultivable lands due to soil salinization,abrupt climatic changes,and less rainfall.These problems have increased the importan...The world is facing a consistent increase in human population and a noticeable decrease in cultivable lands due to soil salinization,abrupt climatic changes,and less rainfall.These problems have increased the importance of finding ecologically sustainable solutions to ensure global food security.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be advantageous to enhancing plant productivity and safeguarding against environmental stresses.They may assist plants by atmospheric nitrogen fixation,nutrient recycling,phosphate solubilization,iron sequestration via siderophore formation,and production of phytohormones like indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.They can also be used as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents as they produce antibiotics,exopolysaccharides,and hydrolytic enzymes.In this review,the connections between microbial populations,as microbial inoculants,and plant systems are highlighted,focusing on the enhancement of plant development,environmental resilience of agricultural systems,ecosystem services,and biological challenges under stressed conditions.This review also emphasizes the use of advanced molecular tools and techniques to effectively characterize potent soil microbial communities,their importance in increasing crop yield in stressed soils,and the prospects for future research.展开更多
The present investigation aims at unveiling the main causes of the recorded disparate phylogeographic patterning among the two highly dispersive coastal crab species Carcinus aestuarii and Pachygrapsus marmoratus in t...The present investigation aims at unveiling the main causes of the recorded disparate phylogeographic patterning among the two highly dispersive coastal crab species Carcinus aestuarii and Pachygrapsus marmoratus in the Mediterranean Sea.For this purpose,available mitochondrial and nuclear data for both species were re-analyzed and investigated for genetic polymorphism and differentiation patterns across three defined geographic scales in their distribution ranges,but also across the same locations in the Mediterranean Sea.The temporal frame of genetic diversification was also determined for both species in order to check whether observed differences in phylogeographic patterns among these coastal decapods could be attributed to different evolutionary histories.The obtained results revealed a more variable and diversified gene pool in the green crab C.aestuarii than the one recorded in the marbled crab P.marmoratus.Lack of significant correlation between pairwise genetic dissimilarities observed among C.aestuarii populations and those detected for P.marmoratus was notably discerned across the same defined Mediterranean locations.This finding indicates that the pattern of pairwise genetic differentiation does not vary in the same way in both examined crab species.Significant outputs of population genetic differentiation,retrieved within both species,were shown to be differently associated with the potential effects of various kinds of isolation processes(related to geography,environment and biogeographic boundary).Evolutionary history reconstruction showed older genetic diversification event in C.aestuarii than the one recorded in P.marmoratus.These recorded temporal frames suggest different modes of genetic diversification in both crab species(glacial vicariance for C.aestuarii and interglacial dispersal for P.marmoratus).They may also provide an explanation for the recorded differences in variation of patterns of population genetic diversity and structure,when integrated with species ecological requirements and life-history traits.展开更多
The establishment of energy balance equation is necessary to study the thermo-mechanical properties of unsaturated soils.To solve this equation,the determination of two fundamental parameters as volumetric specific pa...The establishment of energy balance equation is necessary to study the thermo-mechanical properties of unsaturated soils.To solve this equation,the determination of two fundamental parameters as volumetric specific parameter and thermal conductivity coefficient is essential.In this paper,the effective thermal conductivity coefficient of dry soil grain is analyzed for soils with different compositions,and the thermo-mechanical properties of porous media with water and gas are studied by considering the soil water retention curve（SWRC）.Different methods,i.e.volumetric average method,self-consistent method,Hashin-Strikman method,are employed to calculate thermal conductivity coefficients,and a new method is proposed to determine the thermo-mechanical parameters.Comparison of the results obtained by different methods shows that the proposed method is in a good agreement with the experimental results and is suitable for describing the main properties of the thermo-mechanical behaviors of soils.The relationship between the SWRC and the seepage curve is further studied by the natural proportional rule.The characteristics of the SWRC,its differential coefficient and the seepage curve,are investigated by considering the physico-mechanical mechanism;the limit scopes of the indices of the SWRC and the seepage curve are also given.展开更多
Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied ...Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied in an environmental context,little is known about their degradation in the gastrointestinal system of herbivores after ingestion.Results In this study,we investigated in vitro fermentation by microbial enrichment,transcriptome sequencing,and high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarins.The results showed that despite the low abundance of anaerobic fungi in the rumen microbiota,they were able to effectively degrade coumarins.Specifically,Pecoramyces ruminantium F1 could tolerate coumarin concentrations up to 3 mmol/L and degrade it efficiently via metabolic pathways involving alpha/beta hydrolases and NAD(P)H oxidoreductases within the late growth phase.The fungus metabolized coumarin to less toxic compounds,including o-coumaric acid and melilotic acid,highlighting the detoxification potential of anaerobic fungi.Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarin,providing new insights into the use of anaerobic fungi in sustainable agricultural practices and environmental detoxification strategies.展开更多
Na2BaMg（PO4）2 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis （DTA）, 31p NMR spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. This compound crystallized in the P3 ml space gro...Na2BaMg（PO4）2 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis （DTA）, 31p NMR spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. This compound crystallized in the P3 ml space group of the trigonal system with the parameters of equivalent hexagonal cell a=0.5305（1） nm and c=0.6986（3） nm. The structure showed a perfect isotipysm with the mineral glaserite KaNa（SO4）2. Thus, it exhibited a lamellar framework which could be described as the stacking along the [001] direc- tion of [MgP2O84-]∞ layers of comer sharing MgO6 polyhedra and PO4 tetrahedra. The Ba2＋ cations were located within the interlayer space, while the Na＋ ones were found in large cavities bound to the layers. The DTA analysis showed that this compound melt con- gruently at 1385 K. The 31p NMR spectrum was consistent with the presence of a single phosphorus site in the structure. Optical properties were investigated for the 5% doped Eu3＋ and Eu2＋ phases. The trivalent europium was used as a local probe, replacing bar- ium while the divalent europium was used to examine whether this material could be used as an optical applications.展开更多
Covering the slurry pit has been shown to be one of the best ways to reduce ammonia emissions (NH<sub>3</sub>) during manure management. Yet, few studies have been conducted at farm scale. We studied the f...Covering the slurry pit has been shown to be one of the best ways to reduce ammonia emissions (NH<sub>3</sub>) during manure management. Yet, few studies have been conducted at farm scale. We studied the feasibility of three cover materials (peat, polystyrene balls and synthetic sheet roof) to reduce ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) emissions during on-farm storage of pig slurry. The impact on greenhouse gas emissions, methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) of covering the slurry pit was also evaluated. Simultaneous field experiments were carried out using two similar pits at a farm with peat and polystyrene ball covers, which allowed direct comparison of the feasibility of the two covers to reduce gas emissions (measured using the dynamic chamber technique). Emissions from the third option (using a synthetic sheet roof) were estimated by measuring the concentrations in the headspace under the cover and the air leakage from the cover with a tracer gas (CO<sub>2</sub>). Results showed that the polystyrene balls cover reduced emissions of NH<sub>3</sub> during storage by up to 80% whatever the season, but increased potential greenhouse gas emissions by 20% in summer. No consistent reduction was achieved with the peat cover even though some individual results seemed to indicate up to 25% reduction in ammonia emissions;moreover, there was a 30% increase in CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions during the storage period. The use of a synthetic sheet roof enabled up to 90% reduction in NH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions whatever the season.展开更多
This paper investigates the application of Direct Current Atmospheric Plasma Spraying(DC-APS)as a versatile thermal spray technique for the application of coatings with tailored properties to various substrates.The pr...This paper investigates the application of Direct Current Atmospheric Plasma Spraying(DC-APS)as a versatile thermal spray technique for the application of coatings with tailored properties to various substrates.The process uses a high-speed,high-temperature plasma jet to melt and propel the feedstock powder particles,making it particularly useful for improving the performance and durability of components in renewable energy systems such as solar cells,wind turbines,and fuel cells.The integration of nanostructured alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))thin films into multilayer coatings is considered a promising advancement that improves mechanical strength,thermal stability,and environmental resistance.The study highlights the importance of understanding injection parameters and their impact on coating properties and uses simulation tools such as the Jets&Poudres(JP)code for in-depth analysis.Furthermore,the paper discusses the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)to optimize the coating process by predicting flight characteristics and improving operating conditions.The results show that ANN models are effective in achieving highly accurate prediction values,highlighting the potential of AI in improving thermal spray technology.展开更多
Callovo-Oxfordian （COx） argillite obtained from the excavation of high-level radioactive waste geological disposal has been evaluated as an alternative sealing/backfill material in France. This paper presents an exp...Callovo-Oxfordian （COx） argillite obtained from the excavation of high-level radioactive waste geological disposal has been evaluated as an alternative sealing/backfill material in France. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the hydro-mechanical behaviour of compacted crushed COx argillite. A series of oedorneter compressive tests including various loading-unloading cycles were conducted on COx argillite powders at different initial water contents. After reaching the desired dry density （2.0 Mg/m^3）, the vertical stress was reduced to different levels （7.0 and 0.5 MPa） and the compacted sample was then flooded under constant volume conditions while measuring the changes in the vertical stress. It was found that the initial water content significantly affects the compressive behaviour. The measured saturated hydraulic conductivity is less than 1×10^-10m/s.展开更多
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication;early identification with increased risk is one of the key goals in obstetrics. In a nested case control study, serum uric acid and calcium measured in first and second trimest...Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication;early identification with increased risk is one of the key goals in obstetrics. In a nested case control study, serum uric acid and calcium measured in first and second trimesters of pregnancy were correlated with Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and fetal birth weight. The mean ± SD of uric acid (2.01 ± 0.85, 4.8 ± 1.93), calcium (10.88 ± 1.97, 9.72 ± 2.04), MAP (84.32 ± 6.71, 78.40 ± 8.53) and XO activity (11.96 ± 1.91, 14.05 ± 3.09) of the study group (n=86) were observed in the first and second trimesters respectively. First trimester normotensive group (n=79) and preeclampsia cases (n = 7), showed a mean ± SD of uric acid (1.93 ± 0.80, 2.9 ± 0.88), Calcium (10.92 ± 1.9, 10.6 ± 1.72), MAP (84.19 ± 6.75, 85.71 ± 6.58) XO activity (11.82 ± 1.83, 13.57 ± 2.21). In the second trimester, normotensive group and preeclampsia cases showed a mean ± SD uric acid (4.6 ± 1.75, 7.3 ± 2.19), Calcium (9.4 ± 1.85, 12.9 ± 1.04), MAP (76.41 ± 5.41, 100.95 ± 2.52) and XO activity (13.37 ± 1.93, 21.70 ± 3.50). Statistical analysis revealed a non-significant positive correlation in first trimester between uric acid and MAP (r = +0.116, p = 0.288), negative correlations between uric acid and fetal birth weight (r = -0.118, 0.279) and between calcium and MAP (r =?-0.288, p = 0.007). In the second trimester, significant positive correlations were observed between uric acid (r = +0.246, p = 0.022), calcium (r = +0.326, p = 0.007) with MAP along with a significant negative correlation between uric acid (r = -0.641, p = 0.000), calcium (r = -0.316, p = 0.003), Proteinuria (r = -0.514, p = 0.000) with fetal birth weight. The screening of first and second trimesters XO activity, uric acid, calcium and MAP during pregnancy is beneficial in identifying women likely to develop preeclampsia with poor fetal outcome.展开更多
Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transit...Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transition from intention to action is challenging-a situation that has important public health implications. According to the World Health Organization,^(5)1 person dies every 6 s worldwide from causes related to physical inactivity, which underscores the urgency of addressing this situation.展开更多
Furfurylation is a well-known wood modification technology.This paper studied the effect of tannin addition on the wood furfurylation.Three kinds of dicarboxylic acids,adipic acid,succinic acid,and tartaric acid,as we...Furfurylation is a well-known wood modification technology.This paper studied the effect of tannin addition on the wood furfurylation.Three kinds of dicarboxylic acids,adipic acid,succinic acid,and tartaric acid,as well as glyoxal as a comparing agent,were used to catalyse the polymerisation of furanic or tannin-furanic solutions during wood modification.Impregnation of furanic or tannin-furanic solution at a certain concentration into the wood followed with curing at 103℃for a specific duration was performed for the wood modification.Different properties of the modified woods like dimensional stability,resistance of treatment to leaching,mechanical properties,decay durability against white-rot(Coriolus versicolor,Pycnoporus sanguineus)and brown-rot(Coniophora puteana)as well as their chemical and anatomical characteristics were evaluated.Results revealed that the partial substitution of FA by the tannins improved the fixation of the chemicals impregnated in wood.Further,dimensional stability,leaching resistance,Brinell hardness,modulus of elasticity/modulus of rupture,and decay durability properties of the furfurylated wood were also improved in the presence of tannins.Scanning electron microscopy revealed the deposition of the polymer in the wood lumen cells and in the wood cell walls.展开更多
Unsteady currents fluids flowing through a baffle with holes found in a mobile storage tank are complex to analyze. This study aims to evaluate the effects of fluid structure interactions (FSI) on baffles in tanks car...Unsteady currents fluids flowing through a baffle with holes found in a mobile storage tank are complex to analyze. This study aims to evaluate the effects of fluid structure interactions (FSI) on baffles in tanks carried on mobile trucks that, more often than not, experience sloshing phenomenon engulfed by turbulences behaviors with respect to different motions of the truck. Mindful of the different types of baffles that are used in the tanks to limit sloshing wave activities and improve safety by allowing fluid to pass through carefully designed holes that are also placed in a specific pattern, the fluid structure interaction around a baffle with a hole is evaluated here through computing. Passing through the solver in COMSOL, an equivalent design tank and baffle with a hole is discretized to point form such that the fluid flowing through each point is evaluated and interpreted on a point graph generated with respect to each point located on the tank or baffle hole. The result obtained not only shows the effects of FSI as a function of turbulence kinetic energy per individual point but also the contour pressure field and velocity magnitude of the entire system.展开更多
The incompressible models for the pressure-strain correlation are unable to correctly predict the turbulence flows evolving with significant compressibility. Huang and Fu use a damping function of the turbulent Mach n...The incompressible models for the pressure-strain correlation are unable to correctly predict the turbulence flows evolving with significant compressibility. Huang and Fu use a damping function of the turbulent Mach number to modify two numerical coefficients of the incompressible model for the pressure strain developed by Launder, Reece and Rodi. This model predicts the spreading rate and the shear stress behavior in compressible turbulent mixing well. However, the model does not show the well-known compressibility effects on the compressible homogenous shear flow. In the present work, the model of Huang-Fu is revised, all resulting model coefficients become dependent on the turbulent Mach number, the gradient Mach number and the convective Mach number. The proposed model is tested in different compressible turbulent homogeneous shear flow and mixing layers cases. In general, the predicted results from the proposed model are in an acceptable agreement with DNS and experiment data.展开更多
Different Baffle designs usable in cylindrical and elliptical storage tanks carried by trucks often used for transporting inflammable liquid materials in Cameroon are investigated to evaluate their safest fluid sloshi...Different Baffle designs usable in cylindrical and elliptical storage tanks carried by trucks often used for transporting inflammable liquid materials in Cameroon are investigated to evaluate their safest fluid sloshing damping response during emergency braking where the magnitude of sloshing waves are the greatest.The uncontrolled fluid sloshing creates thrust on the walls of the tanks usually felt externally on the truck carrying the tank and capable of hindering driver’s effort to maintain steer ability and improve on safety during critical braking moments.The study first passes through COMSOL,to expose the safest margin of each Baffle type at instantaneous fluid pressure wave propagation initiated at a single phase to reflect sloshing in the storage tank during an emergency braking by the truck carrying the tank.The vivid results can be seen in the domain of Acoustic Iso-surface Pressure response;but also acoustic Pressure and Sound pressure response are seen automatically.Secondly,through an experimental finding in which fluid is forced to pass through each Baffle and the resistance to fluid flow is a measured as it’s the Baffle’s damping ability.Either,the fluid is lost through the Baffle and by determination of the surface load exerted on each Baffle due to the reaction of the residual fluid acting on the surface of each Baffle after some of it is Lost,the individual sloshing damping abilities are exposed.By comparing the Experimental outcome with the computational response obtained,an ideal Baffle design is proposed for cylindrical and elliptical tanks and considered to respond to abrupt braking more effciently.The application of the Baffle designs with an average multiple holes rather than the usual face centered proved to be more effcient in fluid sloshing as they provide a more uniformly distributed damping pressure during fluid sloshing in the tank thereby reducing the magnitude of forward thrust that can be created by the conventional Baffle type during emergency braking hence contributing to improving safety.Mindful of the human,material and environmental damages that an accident involving mobile petroleum storage tanks can course,this study is therefore of great significance for design optimization by petroleum storage tank manufacturing companies in Cameroon.展开更多
基金funded by The Tunisian Ministry of Research and Higher Education.
文摘Objective:To study the potential of Pituranthos chloranthus essential oil(PC)as a chemoprotective agent.Methods:In the in vitro study,cell proliferation were determined in CT26,SW620,and SW480 cells.Cells were exposed to in creasing concentrations of PC(0,6.25,12.5,25,50,100,and 200μg/mL).Combination index was calculated by applying the Chou-Talalay method,apoptopsis was analyzed by annexin V/propidium iodide staining,reactive oxygen species accumulation,and theΔψm drop were also assessed.In the in vivo study,mice were divided into 5 groups:the normal control group,the CT26 tumor-bearing group,the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+PC group,the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+cisplatin group,and the CT26 tumor-bearing mice+cisplatin+PC group.Organ coefficients and tumor volume were calculated.Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,and tumor necrosis factor-αlevels were assessed.Results:Cisplatin with PC induced a synergistic effect,allowing for reduced cisplatin dose while maintaining the same therapeutic efficacy.PC-cisplatin combinations inhibited cell viability by significantly inducing apoptosis,increasing reactive oxygen species accumulation and reducing mitochondrial membrane potential.Co-treatment with cisplatin and PC restored organ coefficients,reduced tumor volume,and alleviated nephrotoxicity in CT26 tumor-bearing mice by restoring kidney function markers and ameliorating kidney inflammation status.Conclusions:PC shows a chemoprotective potential by enhancing the antitumor effect of cisplatin while alleviating its side effects.
文摘Background:During the establishment of a model of acute kidney injury(AKI)in pigs,we observed a high prevalence of malignant hyperthermia(MH).These complications led us to refine the anesthetic protocol.This publication describes the impact of the choice of anesthetics on the results obtained.Methods:Pigs were euthanized at the end of the procedure,without recovery from anesthesia.Three anesthetic protocols were used:sevoflurane inhalation(ProtocolA,n=5),a combination of ketamine,medetomidine and diazepam by intravenous infusion(ProtocolB,n=5),and a combination of ketamine,diazepam,medetomidine,glucose,and noradrenaline(ProtocolC,n=5).All pigs received morphine for analgesia.AKI was induced by interrupting renal perfusion for 90 min.MH was diagnosed based on clinical and biological parameters.Results:All MH pigs belonged to ProtocolA.MH pigs showed significantly higher maximum rectal temperature(p=0.04),maximum expired carbon dioxide(CO_(2);p=0.04),maximum heart rate(HR;p=0.03),plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium(p<0.0001).Protocol A pigs had a significantly higher maximum HR(p=0.01)and hyperkalemia compared to the two other groups(ProtocolB,p=0.005 and ProtocolC,p<0.0001).Pigs from ProtocolA had a significantly lower minimum mean arterial pressure(MAP)than ProtocolC group(p=0.03)and MAP remained below 60 mmHg for longer(p=0.004).In ProtocolB,minimum glycemia was lower than other groups(p=0.01).Conclusion:Sevoflurane use was associated with the occurrence of MH,hemodynamic alterations and changes in plasma concentration of creatinine and potassium.These modifications can have a major impact on the validation of an experimental AKI model.
文摘The prediction of the fracture plane orientation in fatigue is a scientific topic and remains relevant for every type of material. However, in this work, we compared the orientation of the fracture plane obtained experimentally through tests on specimens under multiaxial loading with that calculated by the variance method. In the statistical approach criteria, several methods have been developed but we have presented only one method, namely the variance method using the equivalent stress. She assumes that the fracture plane orientation is the one on which the variance of the equivalent stress is maximum. Three types of equivalent stress are defined for this method [1]: normal stress, shear stress and combined normal and shear stress. The results obtained were compared with experimental results for multiaxial cyclic stress states, and it emerges that the variance method for the case of combined loading is conservative as it gives a better prediction of the fracture plane.
基金funded by IUGS and UNESCO through the IGCP-715 initiativethe collection of rock samples and topographical data.Special recognition goes to the Sternes Cave Expeditions(2018–2023)the Gourgouthakas Expedition(2022)and the Lion Expeditions(2013–2015)for their substantial contributions.
文摘This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori Massif.Through 44 km of linear mapping,we discovered the new mid-Miocene Pachnes Thrust(PT)which plays a key role in the central Lefka Ori Massif structural framework.
基金supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency(ANR),as part of the“Investissements d’Avenir”program(ANR-11-LABX-0002-01,Lab of Excellence ARBRE)supported by“Lorraine Universitéd’Excellence”Master Grant,ORION program and by the French Ministry of Foreign Office through EIFFEL program.
文摘Tannins are polyphenols widely present in the plant kingdom,commonly divided into two groups:condensed and hydrolysable tannins.Sustainable furanic bio-foams based on condensed tannins have been largely studied,but little is described about the use of hydrolysable tannins for this material.This study examined the potential of hydrolysable chestnut tannin in comparison to condensed mimosa tannins to produce furanic foams by chemical expansion.Due to the low reactivity of the hydrolysable tannin,the use of an external source for its polymerization and curing was necessary.Through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)chromatography,it was possible to observe that the new foams presented small differences in functional groups compared to the condensed tannin foams,presenting peaks related to carboxyl groups.In terms of physical properties,the chestnut foams showed an apparent density 36%higher than the conventional mimosa tannin foams and a superior hydrophilic character.In terms of thermal properties,both foams exhibit high thermal stability,with the acacia tannin foam being slightly superior.In summary,this research paves the way for new applications of hydrolysable tannins in bio-foams and materials science.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32260085,31860064,31660501,31970609,32260718 and 31901870)the Key Projects of the Applied Basic Research Plan of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202301AS070082)+3 种基金the Start-up fund from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,the‘Top Talents Program in Science and Technology’from Yunnan Province,the Major Science and Technology Project in Yunnan Province(Grant Nos.202102AE090042 and 202202AE090036)the Young and Middle-Aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talent Program in Yunnan Province(Grant No.202205AC160076)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M653849XB)the High-level Talents Introduction Plan of Yunnan Province-Young Talents Special Project。
文摘The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growth remains unclear.In this study,we obtained potato dro2 mutant lines by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-Associated 9(CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated genome editing system.The mutant lines were generated from a splicing defect of the StDRO2 intron 1,which causes a nonsense mutation in StDRO2.Furthermore,the secondary structure of StDRO2 mRNA analyzed with RNAfold Web Server was altered in the dro2 mutant.Mutation of StDRO2 conveys potato adaptation through changing the RSA via alteration of auxin transport under drought stress.The potato dro2 lines showed higher plant height,longer root length,smaller root growth angle and increased tuber weight than the wild-type.The alteration of RSA was associated with a disturbance of IAA distribution in the dro2 mutant,and the levels of StPIN7 and StPIN10 detected by using real-time PCR were up-regulated in the roots of potato dro2 lines grown under drought stress.Moreover,the microRNAs(miRNAs)PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 targeted the StDRO2 gene,and auxin positively and negatively regulated the expression of StDRO2 and the miRNAs PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486,respectively,in the potato roots.Our data shows that a regulatory network involving auxin,StDRO2,PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 can control RSA to convey potato fitness under drought stress.
文摘The world is facing a consistent increase in human population and a noticeable decrease in cultivable lands due to soil salinization,abrupt climatic changes,and less rainfall.These problems have increased the importance of finding ecologically sustainable solutions to ensure global food security.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be advantageous to enhancing plant productivity and safeguarding against environmental stresses.They may assist plants by atmospheric nitrogen fixation,nutrient recycling,phosphate solubilization,iron sequestration via siderophore formation,and production of phytohormones like indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase.They can also be used as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents as they produce antibiotics,exopolysaccharides,and hydrolytic enzymes.In this review,the connections between microbial populations,as microbial inoculants,and plant systems are highlighted,focusing on the enhancement of plant development,environmental resilience of agricultural systems,ecosystem services,and biological challenges under stressed conditions.This review also emphasizes the use of advanced molecular tools and techniques to effectively characterize potent soil microbial communities,their importance in increasing crop yield in stressed soils,and the prospects for future research.
文摘The present investigation aims at unveiling the main causes of the recorded disparate phylogeographic patterning among the two highly dispersive coastal crab species Carcinus aestuarii and Pachygrapsus marmoratus in the Mediterranean Sea.For this purpose,available mitochondrial and nuclear data for both species were re-analyzed and investigated for genetic polymorphism and differentiation patterns across three defined geographic scales in their distribution ranges,but also across the same locations in the Mediterranean Sea.The temporal frame of genetic diversification was also determined for both species in order to check whether observed differences in phylogeographic patterns among these coastal decapods could be attributed to different evolutionary histories.The obtained results revealed a more variable and diversified gene pool in the green crab C.aestuarii than the one recorded in the marbled crab P.marmoratus.Lack of significant correlation between pairwise genetic dissimilarities observed among C.aestuarii populations and those detected for P.marmoratus was notably discerned across the same defined Mediterranean locations.This finding indicates that the pattern of pairwise genetic differentiation does not vary in the same way in both examined crab species.Significant outputs of population genetic differentiation,retrieved within both species,were shown to be differently associated with the potential effects of various kinds of isolation processes(related to geography,environment and biogeographic boundary).Evolutionary history reconstruction showed older genetic diversification event in C.aestuarii than the one recorded in P.marmoratus.These recorded temporal frames suggest different modes of genetic diversification in both crab species(glacial vicariance for C.aestuarii and interglacial dispersal for P.marmoratus).They may also provide an explanation for the recorded differences in variation of patterns of population genetic diversity and structure,when integrated with species ecological requirements and life-history traits.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50779030,50879044,2008BAB29B03)the National Defenses Bureau(838)
文摘The establishment of energy balance equation is necessary to study the thermo-mechanical properties of unsaturated soils.To solve this equation,the determination of two fundamental parameters as volumetric specific parameter and thermal conductivity coefficient is essential.In this paper,the effective thermal conductivity coefficient of dry soil grain is analyzed for soils with different compositions,and the thermo-mechanical properties of porous media with water and gas are studied by considering the soil water retention curve（SWRC）.Different methods,i.e.volumetric average method,self-consistent method,Hashin-Strikman method,are employed to calculate thermal conductivity coefficients,and a new method is proposed to determine the thermo-mechanical parameters.Comparison of the results obtained by different methods shows that the proposed method is in a good agreement with the experimental results and is suitable for describing the main properties of the thermo-mechanical behaviors of soils.The relationship between the SWRC and the seepage curve is further studied by the natural proportional rule.The characteristics of the SWRC,its differential coefficient and the seepage curve,are investigated by considering the physico-mechanical mechanism;the limit scopes of the indices of the SWRC and the seepage curve are also given.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1300302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20216 and 32372905)。
文摘Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling.While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied in an environmental context,little is known about their degradation in the gastrointestinal system of herbivores after ingestion.Results In this study,we investigated in vitro fermentation by microbial enrichment,transcriptome sequencing,and high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarins.The results showed that despite the low abundance of anaerobic fungi in the rumen microbiota,they were able to effectively degrade coumarins.Specifically,Pecoramyces ruminantium F1 could tolerate coumarin concentrations up to 3 mmol/L and degrade it efficiently via metabolic pathways involving alpha/beta hydrolases and NAD(P)H oxidoreductases within the late growth phase.The fungus metabolized coumarin to less toxic compounds,including o-coumaric acid and melilotic acid,highlighting the detoxification potential of anaerobic fungi.Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarin,providing new insights into the use of anaerobic fungi in sustainable agricultural practices and environmental detoxification strategies.
文摘Na2BaMg（PO4）2 was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis （DTA）, 31p NMR spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements. This compound crystallized in the P3 ml space group of the trigonal system with the parameters of equivalent hexagonal cell a=0.5305（1） nm and c=0.6986（3） nm. The structure showed a perfect isotipysm with the mineral glaserite KaNa（SO4）2. Thus, it exhibited a lamellar framework which could be described as the stacking along the [001] direc- tion of [MgP2O84-]∞ layers of comer sharing MgO6 polyhedra and PO4 tetrahedra. The Ba2＋ cations were located within the interlayer space, while the Na＋ ones were found in large cavities bound to the layers. The DTA analysis showed that this compound melt con- gruently at 1385 K. The 31p NMR spectrum was consistent with the presence of a single phosphorus site in the structure. Optical properties were investigated for the 5% doped Eu3＋ and Eu2＋ phases. The trivalent europium was used as a local probe, replacing bar- ium while the divalent europium was used to examine whether this material could be used as an optical applications.
文摘Covering the slurry pit has been shown to be one of the best ways to reduce ammonia emissions (NH<sub>3</sub>) during manure management. Yet, few studies have been conducted at farm scale. We studied the feasibility of three cover materials (peat, polystyrene balls and synthetic sheet roof) to reduce ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) emissions during on-farm storage of pig slurry. The impact on greenhouse gas emissions, methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) of covering the slurry pit was also evaluated. Simultaneous field experiments were carried out using two similar pits at a farm with peat and polystyrene ball covers, which allowed direct comparison of the feasibility of the two covers to reduce gas emissions (measured using the dynamic chamber technique). Emissions from the third option (using a synthetic sheet roof) were estimated by measuring the concentrations in the headspace under the cover and the air leakage from the cover with a tracer gas (CO<sub>2</sub>). Results showed that the polystyrene balls cover reduced emissions of NH<sub>3</sub> during storage by up to 80% whatever the season, but increased potential greenhouse gas emissions by 20% in summer. No consistent reduction was achieved with the peat cover even though some individual results seemed to indicate up to 25% reduction in ammonia emissions;moreover, there was a 30% increase in CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions during the storage period. The use of a synthetic sheet roof enabled up to 90% reduction in NH<sub>3</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions whatever the season.
文摘This paper investigates the application of Direct Current Atmospheric Plasma Spraying(DC-APS)as a versatile thermal spray technique for the application of coatings with tailored properties to various substrates.The process uses a high-speed,high-temperature plasma jet to melt and propel the feedstock powder particles,making it particularly useful for improving the performance and durability of components in renewable energy systems such as solar cells,wind turbines,and fuel cells.The integration of nanostructured alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))thin films into multilayer coatings is considered a promising advancement that improves mechanical strength,thermal stability,and environmental resistance.The study highlights the importance of understanding injection parameters and their impact on coating properties and uses simulation tools such as the Jets&Poudres(JP)code for in-depth analysis.Furthermore,the paper discusses the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)to optimize the coating process by predicting flight characteristics and improving operating conditions.The results show that ANN models are effective in achieving highly accurate prediction values,highlighting the potential of AI in improving thermal spray technology.
基金Supported by the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency
文摘Callovo-Oxfordian （COx） argillite obtained from the excavation of high-level radioactive waste geological disposal has been evaluated as an alternative sealing/backfill material in France. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the hydro-mechanical behaviour of compacted crushed COx argillite. A series of oedorneter compressive tests including various loading-unloading cycles were conducted on COx argillite powders at different initial water contents. After reaching the desired dry density （2.0 Mg/m^3）, the vertical stress was reduced to different levels （7.0 and 0.5 MPa） and the compacted sample was then flooded under constant volume conditions while measuring the changes in the vertical stress. It was found that the initial water content significantly affects the compressive behaviour. The measured saturated hydraulic conductivity is less than 1×10^-10m/s.
文摘Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication;early identification with increased risk is one of the key goals in obstetrics. In a nested case control study, serum uric acid and calcium measured in first and second trimesters of pregnancy were correlated with Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and fetal birth weight. The mean ± SD of uric acid (2.01 ± 0.85, 4.8 ± 1.93), calcium (10.88 ± 1.97, 9.72 ± 2.04), MAP (84.32 ± 6.71, 78.40 ± 8.53) and XO activity (11.96 ± 1.91, 14.05 ± 3.09) of the study group (n=86) were observed in the first and second trimesters respectively. First trimester normotensive group (n=79) and preeclampsia cases (n = 7), showed a mean ± SD of uric acid (1.93 ± 0.80, 2.9 ± 0.88), Calcium (10.92 ± 1.9, 10.6 ± 1.72), MAP (84.19 ± 6.75, 85.71 ± 6.58) XO activity (11.82 ± 1.83, 13.57 ± 2.21). In the second trimester, normotensive group and preeclampsia cases showed a mean ± SD uric acid (4.6 ± 1.75, 7.3 ± 2.19), Calcium (9.4 ± 1.85, 12.9 ± 1.04), MAP (76.41 ± 5.41, 100.95 ± 2.52) and XO activity (13.37 ± 1.93, 21.70 ± 3.50). Statistical analysis revealed a non-significant positive correlation in first trimester between uric acid and MAP (r = +0.116, p = 0.288), negative correlations between uric acid and fetal birth weight (r = -0.118, 0.279) and between calcium and MAP (r =?-0.288, p = 0.007). In the second trimester, significant positive correlations were observed between uric acid (r = +0.246, p = 0.022), calcium (r = +0.326, p = 0.007) with MAP along with a significant negative correlation between uric acid (r = -0.641, p = 0.000), calcium (r = -0.316, p = 0.003), Proteinuria (r = -0.514, p = 0.000) with fetal birth weight. The screening of first and second trimesters XO activity, uric acid, calcium and MAP during pregnancy is beneficial in identifying women likely to develop preeclampsia with poor fetal outcome.
基金supported by The Shenzhen Educational Research Funding(zdzb2014)The Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(202307313000096)+4 种基金The Social Science Foundation from the China's Ministry of Education(23YJA880093)The Post-Doctoral Fellowship(2022M711174)The National Center for Mental Health(Z014)BC is supported by the Chaires de recherche Rennes Métropole(23C 0909)SM is supported by the National Insti-tutes of Health(R01AG72445).
文摘Today, most people know that physical activity(PA) is beneficial for their health ^(1,2)and aspire to engage in regular PA.^(3,4)However, despite their awareness of the importance of PA, it is evident that the transition from intention to action is challenging-a situation that has important public health implications. According to the World Health Organization,^(5)1 person dies every 6 s worldwide from causes related to physical inactivity, which underscores the urgency of addressing this situation.
基金supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency(ANR)as part of the“Investissements d’Avenir”Program(ANR-11-LABX-0002-01,Lab of Excellence ARBRE).
文摘Furfurylation is a well-known wood modification technology.This paper studied the effect of tannin addition on the wood furfurylation.Three kinds of dicarboxylic acids,adipic acid,succinic acid,and tartaric acid,as well as glyoxal as a comparing agent,were used to catalyse the polymerisation of furanic or tannin-furanic solutions during wood modification.Impregnation of furanic or tannin-furanic solution at a certain concentration into the wood followed with curing at 103℃for a specific duration was performed for the wood modification.Different properties of the modified woods like dimensional stability,resistance of treatment to leaching,mechanical properties,decay durability against white-rot(Coriolus versicolor,Pycnoporus sanguineus)and brown-rot(Coniophora puteana)as well as their chemical and anatomical characteristics were evaluated.Results revealed that the partial substitution of FA by the tannins improved the fixation of the chemicals impregnated in wood.Further,dimensional stability,leaching resistance,Brinell hardness,modulus of elasticity/modulus of rupture,and decay durability properties of the furfurylated wood were also improved in the presence of tannins.Scanning electron microscopy revealed the deposition of the polymer in the wood lumen cells and in the wood cell walls.
文摘Unsteady currents fluids flowing through a baffle with holes found in a mobile storage tank are complex to analyze. This study aims to evaluate the effects of fluid structure interactions (FSI) on baffles in tanks carried on mobile trucks that, more often than not, experience sloshing phenomenon engulfed by turbulences behaviors with respect to different motions of the truck. Mindful of the different types of baffles that are used in the tanks to limit sloshing wave activities and improve safety by allowing fluid to pass through carefully designed holes that are also placed in a specific pattern, the fluid structure interaction around a baffle with a hole is evaluated here through computing. Passing through the solver in COMSOL, an equivalent design tank and baffle with a hole is discretized to point form such that the fluid flowing through each point is evaluated and interpreted on a point graph generated with respect to each point located on the tank or baffle hole. The result obtained not only shows the effects of FSI as a function of turbulence kinetic energy per individual point but also the contour pressure field and velocity magnitude of the entire system.
文摘The incompressible models for the pressure-strain correlation are unable to correctly predict the turbulence flows evolving with significant compressibility. Huang and Fu use a damping function of the turbulent Mach number to modify two numerical coefficients of the incompressible model for the pressure strain developed by Launder, Reece and Rodi. This model predicts the spreading rate and the shear stress behavior in compressible turbulent mixing well. However, the model does not show the well-known compressibility effects on the compressible homogenous shear flow. In the present work, the model of Huang-Fu is revised, all resulting model coefficients become dependent on the turbulent Mach number, the gradient Mach number and the convective Mach number. The proposed model is tested in different compressible turbulent homogeneous shear flow and mixing layers cases. In general, the predicted results from the proposed model are in an acceptable agreement with DNS and experiment data.
文摘Different Baffle designs usable in cylindrical and elliptical storage tanks carried by trucks often used for transporting inflammable liquid materials in Cameroon are investigated to evaluate their safest fluid sloshing damping response during emergency braking where the magnitude of sloshing waves are the greatest.The uncontrolled fluid sloshing creates thrust on the walls of the tanks usually felt externally on the truck carrying the tank and capable of hindering driver’s effort to maintain steer ability and improve on safety during critical braking moments.The study first passes through COMSOL,to expose the safest margin of each Baffle type at instantaneous fluid pressure wave propagation initiated at a single phase to reflect sloshing in the storage tank during an emergency braking by the truck carrying the tank.The vivid results can be seen in the domain of Acoustic Iso-surface Pressure response;but also acoustic Pressure and Sound pressure response are seen automatically.Secondly,through an experimental finding in which fluid is forced to pass through each Baffle and the resistance to fluid flow is a measured as it’s the Baffle’s damping ability.Either,the fluid is lost through the Baffle and by determination of the surface load exerted on each Baffle due to the reaction of the residual fluid acting on the surface of each Baffle after some of it is Lost,the individual sloshing damping abilities are exposed.By comparing the Experimental outcome with the computational response obtained,an ideal Baffle design is proposed for cylindrical and elliptical tanks and considered to respond to abrupt braking more effciently.The application of the Baffle designs with an average multiple holes rather than the usual face centered proved to be more effcient in fluid sloshing as they provide a more uniformly distributed damping pressure during fluid sloshing in the tank thereby reducing the magnitude of forward thrust that can be created by the conventional Baffle type during emergency braking hence contributing to improving safety.Mindful of the human,material and environmental damages that an accident involving mobile petroleum storage tanks can course,this study is therefore of great significance for design optimization by petroleum storage tank manufacturing companies in Cameroon.
