Background:Growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11),a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member,is a crucial protein involved in many differentiation processes in embryogenesis and morphogenesis,and it has bee...Background:Growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11),a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member,is a crucial protein involved in many differentiation processes in embryogenesis and morphogenesis,and it has been extensively characterized due to its capacity to target poorly differentiated cells,including transformed or cancer cells.Aim:In the present work,we aimed to describe the effects on migration,proliferation,and metabolism in the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line Jurkat.Methods:Based on previous evidence,we analyzed metabolic changes exerted by GDF11 and its relationship with the aggressive phenotype.Results:We found a profound impact on mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species content;these were related to a decrement in the expression of the transcription factor forkhead-box-protein P3(FOXP3),which is highly involved in aggressiveness in leukemia cells;this was verified by a decrement in invasion capacity exhibited by the Jurkat cells under the GDF11 treatment.Conclusion:The results position the GDF11 response as a good alternative in the search for new therapeutic options for these diseases.展开更多
Tropidacris spp. represent the largest known group among acridoids. Their presence ranges from southeastern Mexico and has so far been confirmed only in tropical habitats. This publication seeks to highlight the curre...Tropidacris spp. represent the largest known group among acridoids. Their presence ranges from southeastern Mexico and has so far been confirmed only in tropical habitats. This publication seeks to highlight the current and potential challenges associated with their presence. For decades, the use of chemical insecticides has been the primary method for controlling locust populations, though these substances pose significant risks to human health and the environment. Recent research efforts are directed toward developing control methods that are less detrimental to both ecological and human health, such as biopesticides derived from pathogenic fungi, plant extracts, and strategically prescribed burns. Satellite surveillance enables the monitoring of the origination and progression of outbreaks to inform control strategy selection.展开更多
Landslides represent a growing global challenge,particularly in mountainous and rapidly urbanising regions where environmental degradation and socio-economic vulnerabilities converge.This study investigates the interr...Landslides represent a growing global challenge,particularly in mountainous and rapidly urbanising regions where environmental degradation and socio-economic vulnerabilities converge.This study investigates the interrelationships between Integrated Landslide Disaster Risk Management(ILDRiM)and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),advancing a systemsbased understanding of landslide risk as a socially constructed and development-driven phenomenon.Drawing on a narrative literature review and a Design Structure Matrix(DSM),the research identifies eight critical drivers of landslide disaster risk:deforestation,climate change,urbanisation,infrastructure development,community vulnerability,exposure to landslides,ineffective governance,and lack of scientific integration into policymaking.The DSM framework systematically maps these drivers against the 17 SDGs to evaluate the nature and strength of their interactions.The analysis reveals significant synergies,where addressing specific drivers supports multiple SDGs,and trade-offs,where risk reduction efforts may inadvertently hinder other development objectives if not implemented inclusively and strategically.Findings underscore the transformative potential of embedding ILDRiM within national and local development frameworks.Prioritising governance reform,scientific innovation,and resilient infrastructure(SDGs 16,17,and 9)is particularly effective for advancing landslide risk reduction while supporting broader sustainability outcomes.The study also highlights the need for anticipatory,cross-sectoral,and community-driven approaches to risk governance.This research offers actionable insights for policymakers,practitioners,and researchers seeking to align disaster risk management with sustainable development planning.It proposes a novel methodology for assessing systemic interlinkages between disaster risk drivers and the SDGs.It calls for further research to refine data integration,address context-specific risks,and strengthen the evidence base for risk-informed development.By operationalising ILDRiM through the SDG framework,this study supports creating more resilient,equitable,and sustainable communities in landslide-prone regions.展开更多
The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic v...The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic vulnerability and resilience in the country.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the damage on the built environment,emergency response,recovery and reconstruction efforts,regulatory evolution,and institu-tional reforms that followed these events.Key topics include the performance of self-built housing and essential infrastructure,the challenges of decentralized building codes and their uneven development and enforcement,the role of civil society,private sector and media in disaster response,and the implementation of the National Reconstruction Program.Advances in seismic code development-particularly the updated Complementary Technical Norms(CTNs)of Mexico City-and the creation of a dedicated standard for the evaluation and rehabilitation of existing buildings are also discussed.The proposed Construction Law for Mexico City,which aims to assign legal responsibility to stakeholders and formalize the regulatory framework,may serve as a legislative model for other regions.The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of coordination,tech-nical rigor,equity and inclusion in recovery and reconstruction,and public engagement in advancing seismic resilience across diverse urban,semi-urban and rural contexts.展开更多
Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an electrocatalyst.Oxalic acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic was...Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an electrocatalyst.Oxalic acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic waste.The results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally observed.The reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic sites.This is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental interest.This is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.展开更多
Background:The Vietnamese swine represents a promising animal model due to its anatomical,physiological,and pathophysiological similarities to humans.Notably,the arrangement of lobes and ducts in the mammary glands is...Background:The Vietnamese swine represents a promising animal model due to its anatomical,physiological,and pathophysiological similarities to humans.Notably,the arrangement of lobes and ducts in the mammary glands is highly comparable to that of humans and is histologically indistinguishable.Leveraging these advantages through the chemical induction of carcinogenesis in this model offers a robust approach to mimic human exposure to carcinogenic compounds.Methods:This study elaborates on a protocol for developing a representative model of MNU-induced invasive breast carcinoma in three Vietnamese swine,validated histologically and immunologically.It evaluates not only the tissue similarity with humans,but also the development of chemically induced mammary tumors in an immunologically competent animal.Moreover,this study addresses the existing gap in histological knowledge regarding mammary tissue in the porcine model.Results:Our findings suggest that this model encompasses the full spectrum of cancer.It incorporates the key elements of a tumor microenvironment that enable tumor growth and propagation,such as immune cells,blood vessels,fibroblasts,extracellular matrix,fatty acids,and signaling molecules.Conclusions:This model offers significant potential to advance the understanding of cancer pathogenesis and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies by closely replicating human tumor biology.展开更多
This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these...This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these treatments could effectively reduce E.coli Colony Forming Units(CFUs)below the critical threshold of 1×105.Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups,each undergoing different interventions to assess the antibacterial efficacy of lidocaine,with outcomes measured through bacterial cultures and CFU quantification.Results demonstrated a Log10reduction of approximately 0.44 in E.coli CFUs following infiltration with 2%lidocaine.The combined use of 2%lidocaine infiltration and 0.9%saline irrigation resulted in nearly complete suppression of bacterial growth.These findings suggest that these simple interventions could be valuable in emergency surgical settings to mitigate the risk of surgical site infections and serve as effective prophylactic measures.increase in hospital stay,which represents an additional cost in terms of expenses and directly impacts the patient's outcome.11Several lines of evidence point to 104colony forming units per gram of tissue(CFUs/g)as the threshold at which healing generally begins to slow.12Knowledge of the antibacterial activity of lidocaine has been used to prevent bacterial contamination of other lipid-based anesthetics,such as propofol,with a significant decrease in bacterial development13-15and its antifungal effect.15,16Other effects attributed to lidocaine concerning systemic inflammatory response are the inhibition of granulocyte adhesion at sites of inflammation,decreased leukocyte adhesion during endotoxemia,and decreased macromolecular filtration;it is suggested that it may play a therapeutic role in endothelial damage during sepsis.17-19On the other hand,different measures have been taken to reduce the surgical wound infection rate,such as prophylactic antibiotics and local wound care,including pressure irrigation with 0.9% saline solution,with good results.20The antibacterial effect of lidocaine has been demonstrated in an animal model21;however,no model resembles surgical wound infection and the use of lidocaine to prevent infection.This study aimed to demonstrate that using 2% lidocaine(2 mL/g of tissue)will reduce the E.coli CFUs below 1×105in an infected superficial surgical wound in an experimental model.展开更多
Objective To perform an in silico bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)implicated in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)pathogenesis and evaluate their potential as biomarkers for assessi...Objective To perform an in silico bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)implicated in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)pathogenesis and evaluate their potential as biomarkers for assessing therapeutic efficacy and monitoring acupuncture treatment.Methods miRNA microarray data(CEL and TXT formats)were acquired from human and murine RA models,with the latter undergoing acupuncture treatment.Data were normalized using the robust multi-array average(RMA)method and analyzed for differential expression.Differential expression analysis identified miRNAs through a comparative analysis of RA human tissues,acupuncture-treated murine RA models,and a bibliographic search for miRNAs implicated in RA pathogenesis and acupuncture treatment.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify potential target genes for each miRNA and signaling pathways via search tools for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)and ShinyGO.Gene-drug interaction analysis was performed through Drug-Gene Interaction Database(DGIdb)screening.Interaction networks were constructed with the Cytoscape v3.10.3 software.Results The hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p were identified as potential biomarkers associated with RA pathogenesis,presenting 468 and 455 target genes,respectively.These genes were enriched in 20 signaling pathways,including Janus kinasa-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt),and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB)signaling pathway,which have been associated with RA pathogenesis and progression.Drug-gene interaction networks revealed that 22 genes were significantly associated with 58 RA treatment drugs,among which 13 genes interacted with members of the hsa-miR-125 family.Conclusion The hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p demonstrate critical regulatory role in RA pathogenesis by modulating signaling pathways,including JAK-STAT,MAPK,PI3K-Akt,and NF-κB.Our findings show that the hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p exhibit differential expression patterns in response to pharmacological intervention in various diseases,including RA management.This suggests their potential roles as biomarkers for monitoring acupuncture treatment.Although existing evidence indicates that acupuncture can modify miRNA expression profiles,rigorous validation through biological models remains essential to confirm these results.展开更多
Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are highly heterogeneous and potentially malignant tumors arising from secretory cells of the neuroendocrine system.Gastroenteropancreatic NENs(GEP-NENs)are the most common subtype of NEN...Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are highly heterogeneous and potentially malignant tumors arising from secretory cells of the neuroendocrine system.Gastroenteropancreatic NENs(GEP-NENs)are the most common subtype of NENs.Historically,GEP-NENs have been regarded as infrequent and slow-growing malignancies;however,recent data have demonstrated that the worldwide prevalence and incidence of GEP-NENs have increased exponentially over the last three decades.In addition,an increasing number of studies have proven that GEP-NENs result in a limited life expectancy.These findings suggested that the natural biology of GEP-NENs is more aggressive than commonly assumed.Therefore,there is an urgent need for advanced researches focusing on the diagnosis and management of patients with GEP-NENs.In this review,we have summarized the limitations and recent advancements in our comprehension of the epidemiology,clinical presentations,pathology,molecular biology,diagnosis,and treatment of GEP-NETs to identify factors contributing to delays in diagnosis and timely treatment of these patients.展开更多
On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of tim...On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of time in recent decades.This paper aims to analyse the contribution of the international landslide research community to disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management in reference to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)in a literature review.The first section notes the relevance of disaster risk research contributions for the implementation of initiatives and strategies concerning disaster risk management.The second section highlights background information and current applications of drones in the field of hazards and risk.The methodology,which included a systematic peer review of journals in the ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS,was presented in the third section,where the results include analyses of the considered data.This study concludes that most current scholarly efforts remain rooted in hazards and post-disaster evaluation and response.Future landslide disaster risk research should be transdisciplinary in order to strengthen participation of the various relevant stakeholders in contributing to integrated disaster risk management at local,subnational,national,regional and global levels.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease and is caused by an interruption of blood flow in the brain.In this disease,two different damage areas are identifying:the lesion core,in which cells ...Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease and is caused by an interruption of blood flow in the brain.In this disease,two different damage areas are identifying:the lesion core,in which cells quickly die;and the penumbra(surrounding the lesion core),in which cells are functionally weakened but may recover and restore their functions.The currently approved treatments for ischemic stroke are the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombectomy,but they have a short therapeutic window(4.5 and 6 hours after stroke onset,respectively)and a low percentage of stroke patients actually receive these treatments.Memantine is an approved drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Memantine is a noncompetitive,low affinity and use-dependent antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor.Memantine has several advantages over developing a new drug to treat focal ischemic stroke,but the most important is that it has sufficient safe probes in preclinical models and humans,and if the preclinical studies provide more evidence about pharmacological actions in tissue protection and repair,this could help to increase the number of clinical trials.The present review summarizes the physiopathology of isquemic stroke and the pharmacological actions in neuroprotection and neuroplasticity of memantine in the post stroke stage of preclinical stroke models,to illustrate their potential to improve functional recovery in human patients.展开更多
Background:Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance.One of the most studied gr...Background:Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance.One of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds,given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ions.Therefore,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate(CA),curcumin(CR),and their combination(CA-CR)against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection model.S.Typhimurium recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil(12 chickens per group)on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4(XLT-4)with novobiocin and nalidixic acid.Intestinal integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)in serum samples from blood obtained on d 10 post-S.Typhimurium challenge.Finally,microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA gene.Results:The results showed that in two independent studies,all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the S.Typhimurium colonization in cecal tonsils(CT,P<0.0001)compared to the positive control(PC)group.However,only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing S.Typhimurium counts in both independent studies.Furthermore,the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC(P=0.0084),which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal integrity.The effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)since Salmonella was significantly enriched in PC group(LDA score>2.0 and P<0.05)compared to other groups.In addition,Coprobacillus,Eubacterium,and Clostridium were significantly higher in the PC group compared to other treatment groups.On the contrary,Fecalibacterium and Enterococcus in CR,unknown genus of Erysipelotrichaceae at CA-CR,and unknown genus of Lachnospiraceae at CA were significantly more abundant respectively.Conclusions:CR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S.Typhimurium intestinal colonization and maintain better intestinal homeostasis which might be achieved through modulation of cecal microbiota.展开更多
In October 1999, rainfall induced landslides devastated different communities of the Sierra Norte, Puebla, causing more than 250 victims and economic losses greater than $ 450 million. The town of Zacapoaxtla was one ...In October 1999, rainfall induced landslides devastated different communities of the Sierra Norte, Puebla, causing more than 250 victims and economic losses greater than $ 450 million. The town of Zacapoaxtla was one of the sectors most affected by slope instability due to the existing geological features and geomorphic characters determined by material properties, landforms and processes. Extensive areas formed by pyroclastic piedmonts developed on the Quaternary volcanic ignimbrite deposits highly dissected by marginal gully erosion combined with an extreme rainfall event played a significant role as an ideal scenario for the occurrence of landsliding. Distribution of landslides triggered by rainfall within the main sector of the Zacapoaxtla municipality was analyzed by using IKONOS images in terms of exploring the likely relationship between mass movement incidence and levels of vegetation density. The later was undertaken by means of producing an NDVI and applying a fragmentation algorithm. Finally, a map of potential areas of mass movements risk was produced based on the combination of a socio-economic vulnerability index, geologic and geomorphological maps and the spatial landslide distribution.展开更多
Recently, rare-earth perovskite-type oxides with the general formula ABO(A rare earth element, B transition metal, O oxygen) are regarded as promising materials for Ni/oxide batteries due to their hydrogen storage abi...Recently, rare-earth perovskite-type oxides with the general formula ABO(A rare earth element, B transition metal, O oxygen) are regarded as promising materials for Ni/oxide batteries due to their hydrogen storage ability. In the present study, the hydrogen storage properties of the rare-earth perovskite-type oxide LaSrCoFeOwere evaluated in alkaline solution and at various temperatures. The hydrogen storage properties were investigated electrochemically by applying galvanostatic charge/discharge currents. Electrochemical pressurecomposition-temperature isotherms were constructed using the Nernst equation. The exchange current density and proton hydrogen diffusion coefficient were calculated using linear polarization measurements and the potential-step method, respectively. Interestingly, the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity, re-calculated from the electrochemical capacity, is 1.72 wt% at 333 K and 6 mol·LKOH. In addition, the hysteresis value, calculated from pressure-composition-temperature isotherms, was429 J·molat 333 K,while the self-discharge rate was about 25% after 24-h storage at open circuit and at 333 K.展开更多
There are a great variety of commercial nickel alloys mainly because nickel is able to dissolve a large amount of alloying elements while maintaining a single ductile austenitic phase. Nickel alloys are generally desi...There are a great variety of commercial nickel alloys mainly because nickel is able to dissolve a large amount of alloying elements while maintaining a single ductile austenitic phase. Nickel alloys are generally designed for and used in highly aggressive environments, for example, those where stainless steels may experience pitting corrosion or environmentally assisted cracking. While nickel alloys are generally resistant to pitting corrosion in chloride-containing environments, they may be prone to crevice corrosion attack. Addition of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten increases the localized corrosion resistance of nickel alloys. This review on the resistance to localized corrosion of nickel alloys includes specific environments such as those present in oil and gas upstream operations, in the chemical process industry and in seawater service.展开更多
基金funded by a grant from the Consejo Nacional de humanidades Ciencia y Tecnología(Conahcyt).Fronteras de la Ciencia 1320,Infra-2017280788Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa.
文摘Background:Growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11),a transforming growth factor-beta superfamily member,is a crucial protein involved in many differentiation processes in embryogenesis and morphogenesis,and it has been extensively characterized due to its capacity to target poorly differentiated cells,including transformed or cancer cells.Aim:In the present work,we aimed to describe the effects on migration,proliferation,and metabolism in the T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line Jurkat.Methods:Based on previous evidence,we analyzed metabolic changes exerted by GDF11 and its relationship with the aggressive phenotype.Results:We found a profound impact on mitochondrial metabolism and reactive oxygen species content;these were related to a decrement in the expression of the transcription factor forkhead-box-protein P3(FOXP3),which is highly involved in aggressiveness in leukemia cells;this was verified by a decrement in invasion capacity exhibited by the Jurkat cells under the GDF11 treatment.Conclusion:The results position the GDF11 response as a good alternative in the search for new therapeutic options for these diseases.
文摘Tropidacris spp. represent the largest known group among acridoids. Their presence ranges from southeastern Mexico and has so far been confirmed only in tropical habitats. This publication seeks to highlight the current and potential challenges associated with their presence. For decades, the use of chemical insecticides has been the primary method for controlling locust populations, though these substances pose significant risks to human health and the environment. Recent research efforts are directed toward developing control methods that are less detrimental to both ecological and human health, such as biopesticides derived from pathogenic fungi, plant extracts, and strategically prescribed burns. Satellite surveillance enables the monitoring of the origination and progression of outbreaks to inform control strategy selection.
基金DGAPA-UNAM for providing financial support to conduct landslide risk research through Project PAPIIT IN300823。
文摘Landslides represent a growing global challenge,particularly in mountainous and rapidly urbanising regions where environmental degradation and socio-economic vulnerabilities converge.This study investigates the interrelationships between Integrated Landslide Disaster Risk Management(ILDRiM)and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),advancing a systemsbased understanding of landslide risk as a socially constructed and development-driven phenomenon.Drawing on a narrative literature review and a Design Structure Matrix(DSM),the research identifies eight critical drivers of landslide disaster risk:deforestation,climate change,urbanisation,infrastructure development,community vulnerability,exposure to landslides,ineffective governance,and lack of scientific integration into policymaking.The DSM framework systematically maps these drivers against the 17 SDGs to evaluate the nature and strength of their interactions.The analysis reveals significant synergies,where addressing specific drivers supports multiple SDGs,and trade-offs,where risk reduction efforts may inadvertently hinder other development objectives if not implemented inclusively and strategically.Findings underscore the transformative potential of embedding ILDRiM within national and local development frameworks.Prioritising governance reform,scientific innovation,and resilient infrastructure(SDGs 16,17,and 9)is particularly effective for advancing landslide risk reduction while supporting broader sustainability outcomes.The study also highlights the need for anticipatory,cross-sectoral,and community-driven approaches to risk governance.This research offers actionable insights for policymakers,practitioners,and researchers seeking to align disaster risk management with sustainable development planning.It proposes a novel methodology for assessing systemic interlinkages between disaster risk drivers and the SDGs.It calls for further research to refine data integration,address context-specific risks,and strengthen the evidence base for risk-informed development.By operationalising ILDRiM through the SDG framework,this study supports creating more resilient,equitable,and sustainable communities in landslide-prone regions.
文摘The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic vulnerability and resilience in the country.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the damage on the built environment,emergency response,recovery and reconstruction efforts,regulatory evolution,and institu-tional reforms that followed these events.Key topics include the performance of self-built housing and essential infrastructure,the challenges of decentralized building codes and their uneven development and enforcement,the role of civil society,private sector and media in disaster response,and the implementation of the National Reconstruction Program.Advances in seismic code development-particularly the updated Complementary Technical Norms(CTNs)of Mexico City-and the creation of a dedicated standard for the evaluation and rehabilitation of existing buildings are also discussed.The proposed Construction Law for Mexico City,which aims to assign legal responsibility to stakeholders and formalize the regulatory framework,may serve as a legislative model for other regions.The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of coordination,tech-nical rigor,equity and inclusion in recovery and reconstruction,and public engagement in advancing seismic resilience across diverse urban,semi-urban and rural contexts.
基金DGAPA (Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Acadé-mico) under Projects No. IA103521, IA209223 and IN111722Supercomputing Department of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México for the computing resources under Projects No. LANCAD-UNAM-DGTIC-427 and LANCAD-UNAM-DGTIC-370CONAHCYT-México for their postdoctoral fellowships。
文摘Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an electrocatalyst.Oxalic acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic waste.The results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from anatase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally observed.The reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic sites.This is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism at the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental interest.This is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.
基金C.E.Vera-Tizatl(CVU:708156)thank the National Council for Science and Technology(CONACYT,Mexico)for the scholarship granted。
文摘Background:The Vietnamese swine represents a promising animal model due to its anatomical,physiological,and pathophysiological similarities to humans.Notably,the arrangement of lobes and ducts in the mammary glands is highly comparable to that of humans and is histologically indistinguishable.Leveraging these advantages through the chemical induction of carcinogenesis in this model offers a robust approach to mimic human exposure to carcinogenic compounds.Methods:This study elaborates on a protocol for developing a representative model of MNU-induced invasive breast carcinoma in three Vietnamese swine,validated histologically and immunologically.It evaluates not only the tissue similarity with humans,but also the development of chemically induced mammary tumors in an immunologically competent animal.Moreover,this study addresses the existing gap in histological knowledge regarding mammary tissue in the porcine model.Results:Our findings suggest that this model encompasses the full spectrum of cancer.It incorporates the key elements of a tumor microenvironment that enable tumor growth and propagation,such as immune cells,blood vessels,fibroblasts,extracellular matrix,fatty acids,and signaling molecules.Conclusions:This model offers significant potential to advance the understanding of cancer pathogenesis and facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies by closely replicating human tumor biology.
文摘This study evaluated the antibacterial effects of 2%lidocaine and its combination with 0.9%saline solution on Escherichia coli infection in superficial surgical wounds in Wistar rats.The goal was to determine if these treatments could effectively reduce E.coli Colony Forming Units(CFUs)below the critical threshold of 1×105.Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups,each undergoing different interventions to assess the antibacterial efficacy of lidocaine,with outcomes measured through bacterial cultures and CFU quantification.Results demonstrated a Log10reduction of approximately 0.44 in E.coli CFUs following infiltration with 2%lidocaine.The combined use of 2%lidocaine infiltration and 0.9%saline irrigation resulted in nearly complete suppression of bacterial growth.These findings suggest that these simple interventions could be valuable in emergency surgical settings to mitigate the risk of surgical site infections and serve as effective prophylactic measures.increase in hospital stay,which represents an additional cost in terms of expenses and directly impacts the patient's outcome.11Several lines of evidence point to 104colony forming units per gram of tissue(CFUs/g)as the threshold at which healing generally begins to slow.12Knowledge of the antibacterial activity of lidocaine has been used to prevent bacterial contamination of other lipid-based anesthetics,such as propofol,with a significant decrease in bacterial development13-15and its antifungal effect.15,16Other effects attributed to lidocaine concerning systemic inflammatory response are the inhibition of granulocyte adhesion at sites of inflammation,decreased leukocyte adhesion during endotoxemia,and decreased macromolecular filtration;it is suggested that it may play a therapeutic role in endothelial damage during sepsis.17-19On the other hand,different measures have been taken to reduce the surgical wound infection rate,such as prophylactic antibiotics and local wound care,including pressure irrigation with 0.9% saline solution,with good results.20The antibacterial effect of lidocaine has been demonstrated in an animal model21;however,no model resembles surgical wound infection and the use of lidocaine to prevent infection.This study aimed to demonstrate that using 2% lidocaine(2 mL/g of tissue)will reduce the E.coli CFUs below 1×105in an infected superficial surgical wound in an experimental model.
基金Programa de Investigadores e Investigadoras of the Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología(COMECYT)(EESP2024-0038)。
文摘Objective To perform an in silico bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)implicated in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)pathogenesis and evaluate their potential as biomarkers for assessing therapeutic efficacy and monitoring acupuncture treatment.Methods miRNA microarray data(CEL and TXT formats)were acquired from human and murine RA models,with the latter undergoing acupuncture treatment.Data were normalized using the robust multi-array average(RMA)method and analyzed for differential expression.Differential expression analysis identified miRNAs through a comparative analysis of RA human tissues,acupuncture-treated murine RA models,and a bibliographic search for miRNAs implicated in RA pathogenesis and acupuncture treatment.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify potential target genes for each miRNA and signaling pathways via search tools for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)and ShinyGO.Gene-drug interaction analysis was performed through Drug-Gene Interaction Database(DGIdb)screening.Interaction networks were constructed with the Cytoscape v3.10.3 software.Results The hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p were identified as potential biomarkers associated with RA pathogenesis,presenting 468 and 455 target genes,respectively.These genes were enriched in 20 signaling pathways,including Janus kinasa-signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt),and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB)signaling pathway,which have been associated with RA pathogenesis and progression.Drug-gene interaction networks revealed that 22 genes were significantly associated with 58 RA treatment drugs,among which 13 genes interacted with members of the hsa-miR-125 family.Conclusion The hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p demonstrate critical regulatory role in RA pathogenesis by modulating signaling pathways,including JAK-STAT,MAPK,PI3K-Akt,and NF-κB.Our findings show that the hsa-miR-125a-5p and hsa-miR-125b-5p exhibit differential expression patterns in response to pharmacological intervention in various diseases,including RA management.This suggests their potential roles as biomarkers for monitoring acupuncture treatment.Although existing evidence indicates that acupuncture can modify miRNA expression profiles,rigorous validation through biological models remains essential to confirm these results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82104596)the Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund&Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM202111002)+1 种基金the Medicine-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Foundation of Shenzhen University(2023YG019)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(GJHZ20220913143005010)。
文摘Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are highly heterogeneous and potentially malignant tumors arising from secretory cells of the neuroendocrine system.Gastroenteropancreatic NENs(GEP-NENs)are the most common subtype of NENs.Historically,GEP-NENs have been regarded as infrequent and slow-growing malignancies;however,recent data have demonstrated that the worldwide prevalence and incidence of GEP-NENs have increased exponentially over the last three decades.In addition,an increasing number of studies have proven that GEP-NENs result in a limited life expectancy.These findings suggested that the natural biology of GEP-NENs is more aggressive than commonly assumed.Therefore,there is an urgent need for advanced researches focusing on the diagnosis and management of patients with GEP-NENs.In this review,we have summarized the limitations and recent advancements in our comprehension of the epidemiology,clinical presentations,pathology,molecular biology,diagnosis,and treatment of GEP-NETs to identify factors contributing to delays in diagnosis and timely treatment of these patients.
基金carried out within the framework of the PAPIIT project IN300818,sponsored by DGAPA-UNAM。
文摘On a global scale,from 2005 to 2019,there were 275 high-magnitude,low-frequency disasters that involved 14,172 fatalities and four million affected people.Similar patterns have taken place during longer periods of time in recent decades.This paper aims to analyse the contribution of the international landslide research community to disaster risk reduction and disaster risk management in reference to the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)in a literature review.The first section notes the relevance of disaster risk research contributions for the implementation of initiatives and strategies concerning disaster risk management.The second section highlights background information and current applications of drones in the field of hazards and risk.The methodology,which included a systematic peer review of journals in the ISI Web of Science and SCOPUS,was presented in the third section,where the results include analyses of the considered data.This study concludes that most current scholarly efforts remain rooted in hazards and post-disaster evaluation and response.Future landslide disaster risk research should be transdisciplinary in order to strengthen participation of the various relevant stakeholders in contributing to integrated disaster risk management at local,subnational,national,regional and global levels.
文摘Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular disease and is caused by an interruption of blood flow in the brain.In this disease,two different damage areas are identifying:the lesion core,in which cells quickly die;and the penumbra(surrounding the lesion core),in which cells are functionally weakened but may recover and restore their functions.The currently approved treatments for ischemic stroke are the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombectomy,but they have a short therapeutic window(4.5 and 6 hours after stroke onset,respectively)and a low percentage of stroke patients actually receive these treatments.Memantine is an approved drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Memantine is a noncompetitive,low affinity and use-dependent antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor.Memantine has several advantages over developing a new drug to treat focal ischemic stroke,but the most important is that it has sufficient safe probes in preclinical models and humans,and if the preclinical studies provide more evidence about pharmacological actions in tissue protection and repair,this could help to increase the number of clinical trials.The present review summarizes the physiopathology of isquemic stroke and the pharmacological actions in neuroprotection and neuroplasticity of memantine in the post stroke stage of preclinical stroke models,to illustrate their potential to improve functional recovery in human patients.
基金Research was supported in part by funds provided by USDA-NIFA Sustainable Agriculture Systems,Grant No.2019-69012-29905Title of Project:Empowering US Broiler Production for Transformation and Sustainability USDA-NIFA(Sustainable Agriculture Systems):No.2019-69012-29905.
文摘Background:Interest in the use of natural feed additives as an alternative to antimicrobials in the poultry industry has increased in recent years because of the risk of bacterial resistance.One of the most studied groups are polyphenolic compounds,given their advantages over other types of additives and their easy potentiation of effects when complexes are formed with metal ions.Therefore,the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of copper acetate(CA),curcumin(CR),and their combination(CA-CR)against Salmonella Typhimurium colonization,intestinal permeability,and cecal microbiota composition in broiler chickens through a laboratory Salmonella infection model.S.Typhimurium recovery was determined on day 10 post-challenge by isolating Salmonella in homogenates of the right cecal tonsil(12 chickens per group)on Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4(XLT-4)with novobiocin and nalidixic acid.Intestinal integrity was indirectly determined by the fluorometric measurement of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)in serum samples from blood obtained on d 10 post-S.Typhimurium challenge.Finally,microbiota analysis was performed using the content of the left caecal tonsil of 5 chickens per group by sequencing V4 region of 16S rRNA gene.Results:The results showed that in two independent studies,all experimental treatments were able to significantly reduce the S.Typhimurium colonization in cecal tonsils(CT,P<0.0001)compared to the positive control(PC)group.However,only CA-CR was the most effective treatment in reducing S.Typhimurium counts in both independent studies.Furthermore,the serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in chickens treated with CR was significantly lower when compared to PC(P=0.0084),which is related to a decrease in intestinal permeability and therefore intestinal integrity.The effect of dietary treatments in reducing Salmonella was further supported by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences using Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)since Salmonella was significantly enriched in PC group(LDA score>2.0 and P<0.05)compared to other groups.In addition,Coprobacillus,Eubacterium,and Clostridium were significantly higher in the PC group compared to other treatment groups.On the contrary,Fecalibacterium and Enterococcus in CR,unknown genus of Erysipelotrichaceae at CA-CR,and unknown genus of Lachnospiraceae at CA were significantly more abundant respectively.Conclusions:CR treatment was the most effective treatment to reduce S.Typhimurium intestinal colonization and maintain better intestinal homeostasis which might be achieved through modulation of cecal microbiota.
文摘In October 1999, rainfall induced landslides devastated different communities of the Sierra Norte, Puebla, causing more than 250 victims and economic losses greater than $ 450 million. The town of Zacapoaxtla was one of the sectors most affected by slope instability due to the existing geological features and geomorphic characters determined by material properties, landforms and processes. Extensive areas formed by pyroclastic piedmonts developed on the Quaternary volcanic ignimbrite deposits highly dissected by marginal gully erosion combined with an extreme rainfall event played a significant role as an ideal scenario for the occurrence of landsliding. Distribution of landslides triggered by rainfall within the main sector of the Zacapoaxtla municipality was analyzed by using IKONOS images in terms of exploring the likely relationship between mass movement incidence and levels of vegetation density. The later was undertaken by means of producing an NDVI and applying a fragmentation algorithm. Finally, a map of potential areas of mass movements risk was produced based on the combination of a socio-economic vulnerability index, geologic and geomorphological maps and the spatial landslide distribution.
基金financially supported by the National Science and Technology Council of Mexico "CONACYTSENER-Sustentabilidad Energetica" (No. 232611)
文摘Recently, rare-earth perovskite-type oxides with the general formula ABO(A rare earth element, B transition metal, O oxygen) are regarded as promising materials for Ni/oxide batteries due to their hydrogen storage ability. In the present study, the hydrogen storage properties of the rare-earth perovskite-type oxide LaSrCoFeOwere evaluated in alkaline solution and at various temperatures. The hydrogen storage properties were investigated electrochemically by applying galvanostatic charge/discharge currents. Electrochemical pressurecomposition-temperature isotherms were constructed using the Nernst equation. The exchange current density and proton hydrogen diffusion coefficient were calculated using linear polarization measurements and the potential-step method, respectively. Interestingly, the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity, re-calculated from the electrochemical capacity, is 1.72 wt% at 333 K and 6 mol·LKOH. In addition, the hysteresis value, calculated from pressure-composition-temperature isotherms, was429 J·molat 333 K,while the self-discharge rate was about 25% after 24-h storage at open circuit and at 333 K.
文摘There are a great variety of commercial nickel alloys mainly because nickel is able to dissolve a large amount of alloying elements while maintaining a single ductile austenitic phase. Nickel alloys are generally designed for and used in highly aggressive environments, for example, those where stainless steels may experience pitting corrosion or environmentally assisted cracking. While nickel alloys are generally resistant to pitting corrosion in chloride-containing environments, they may be prone to crevice corrosion attack. Addition of chromium, molybdenum and tungsten increases the localized corrosion resistance of nickel alloys. This review on the resistance to localized corrosion of nickel alloys includes specific environments such as those present in oil and gas upstream operations, in the chemical process industry and in seawater service.
