Résumé： Comme son titre 1＇ indique, Quatre-vingt-treize est 1＇ épopée de la Révolution francaise, raeontée d travers trois personnages symboliques： un vieil aristocrate, le marquis de...Résumé： Comme son titre 1＇ indique, Quatre-vingt-treize est 1＇ épopée de la Révolution francaise, raeontée d travers trois personnages symboliques： un vieil aristocrate, le marquis de Lantenac, son petit-neveu, Gauvain, un no- ble rattaehé aux humbles, et un homme du peuple, Cimourdain, père adoptif de Cauvain. C＇ est done les liens famili- aux qui unissent ses personnages avant de les voir plonger dans la tourmente des événements, et lutter les uns eontre les autres. Soit par convictions de rang et de elasse, soit par raison, soit encore pour un idéal. En un mot, entre eux, il existe un violent eolfflit entre 《1＇ humanité 》et 《la révolution》展开更多
This research was conducted in the framework of the feasibility study related to FOCUSED-Benin project, the 5</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><sp...This research was conducted in the framework of the feasibility study related to FOCUSED-Benin project, the 5</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> work package of the YES-PV NIG BEN project financed by the German Government through its Ministry of Research and High Education (BMBF). The FOCUSED Benin project’s major objective is to protect the environment through the utilization of solar energy for drying</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">agricultural products and table salt harvesting. Salt is important in human daily life. It is used for conservation of food, softening water, industrial processes, road de-icing, food seasoning, etc. Seawater evaporation, salt mining, and salt brine are the major sources of salt production worldwide. However, in West Africa, particularly in Benin Republic, table salt is produced using methods that negatively impact the ecology of the mangrove. This study aimed at investigating the current status of salt production in Benin Republic, its impact on the mangrove and its related health issues. Field visits, meeting with associations of women salt producers in the co</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">astal region of the country, allowed to quantify the number of women associations dealing with salt production, their difficulties, and the impacts on the m</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">angrove. Salt is a seasonal activity and is produced from January to May. One kilogram salt production, along with health issues reported by salt producers, requires approximately 1</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">kg of firewood obtained by cutting down mangrove. Salt price varies from 250CFA </span><a name="_Hlk67640154"></a><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(€0.38) to 400FCFA (€0.61) per kg depending on the season. The women salt producers are not aware of the ecological consequences of mangrove destruction. Sources of firewood are becoming increasingly scarce and prices prohibitive. Sensitization is not efficient. An alternative method of harvesting salt by solar drying and new ideas for implementing this activity in a participatory approach w</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> discussed with the different associations of salt producers.展开更多
The Miocene sandstone deposits in the Southern California region are important hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, their development has been very challenging due to the wide variability in their reservoir quality. These...The Miocene sandstone deposits in the Southern California region are important hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, their development has been very challenging due to the wide variability in their reservoir quality. These sandstones have been studied from three sedimentary basins by petrographic thin section, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction to evaluate and compare the influence of diagenesis on their reservoir quality in these basins. Four petrofacies, namely P1(sand injectite or dyke), P2(sub-marine fan), P3(turbidite and marine-influenced alluvial fans) and P4(continental sandstones) have been identified. P1 and P2 characterise the sandstones in the San Joaquin forearc basin and are affected by kaolinite and extensive early calcite diagenesis. P3 and P4 delineate the sandstones in the Cajon Valley and Salton Trough strike-slip basins and are dominated by smectite, mixed illite-smectite, early calcite and late calcite diagenesis. Early calcite cement in P3 and P4 is in lower proportion than in P1 and P2. Although the dissolution of these sandstones by acidic fluids did not have a pattern, it, however, has the most considerable influence on P2 creating moldic pores which are expected to increase pore connectivity. The relatively abundant dissolution pores in P2, together with the absence of late authigenic calcite and illite clay in comparison to the other petrofacies studied are likely to make this sandstone facies the best reservoir targets in the Southern California region. These rocks are analogous to producing reservoirs in the region. However, because, petroleum accumulation in these reservoirs are compartmentalized by early calcite cement, maximum recovery using acidified fluids is recommended to dissolve the calcite-filled pores in order to increase connectivity of their pore network and enhance flow potential.展开更多
In this study,the physical and chemical characteristics and direct aqueous mineral carbonation of red gypsum have been investigated.The characterization studies showed that red gypsum is a very potential feedstock for...In this study,the physical and chemical characteristics and direct aqueous mineral carbonation of red gypsum have been investigated.The characterization studies showed that red gypsum is a very potential feedstock for mineral carbonation.It is mainly consisted of CaO,Fe2O3 and SO3 along with some impurities.On the other hand,the carbonation results showed that direct aqueous carbonation of red gypsum resulted in CaCO3 and FeCO3 production,however,the carbonates purity and carbonation efficiency are still very low.展开更多
Backgroud Efficient communication between the embryo and the endometrium is essential for the successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.Uterine-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)contribute to embryomatern...Backgroud Efficient communication between the embryo and the endometrium is essential for the successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.Uterine-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)contribute to embryomaternal communication,supporting early embryonic development.This study aimed to:(i)compare the protein cargo of uterine fluid EVs(UF-EVs)from CYCLIC and PREGNANT heifers;(ii)characterize the protein profile of conditioned medium(CM)-EVs from endometrial explants cultured alone(EXPL)or co-cultured with five d 7 blastocysts(EXPL+EMB)in vitro;and(iii)compare the EV protein cargo between the in vivo and in vitro models(i.e.,EXPL vs.CYCLIC and EXPL+EMB vs.PREGNANT).Results We identified 1,459 and 1,752 proteins in the UF-EVs of CYCLIC and PREGNANT heifers,respectively.Among these,12 were exclusive to CYCLIC,and 18 were exclusive to PREGNANT.Among the 1,329 proteins identified in both groups,16 were differently abundant;ten were more abundant,and six were less abundant in UF-EVs from PREGNANT heifers.In vivo,the changes in UF-EV protein cargo induced by the presence of a blastocyst were related to inflammatory and immune responses,endometrial receptivity,and support of early embryonic development by promoting cell polarity,cell–cell adhesion,and stem cell differentiation.In vitro,we identified 1,501 proteins in the CM-EVs from EXPL,1,975 in the CM-EVs from EXPL+EMB,and 82 in the CM-EVs from EMB.Additionally,50 proteins were unique to EXPL+EMB,and another 33 were differentially abundant due to the synergistic interaction between the embryo and the endometrium.These proteins are involved in embryonic development,regulation of stem cell differentiation,establishment and maintenance of cell polarity,interferon tau(IFNT)-mediated cell signaling,endometrial receptivity,and immune modulation.Although there are qualitative and quantitative differences between in vivo and in vitro-derived EVs,UF-EVs from CYCLIC heifers compared to CM-EVs from EXPL,as well as UFEVs from PREGNANT heifers compared to CM-EVs from EXPL+EMB shared common proteins.Conclusions These findings highlight the pivotal role of EVs in embryo-maternal communication,suggesting that their protein cargo may actively contribute to the modulation of the uterine environment to support early embryonic development.Understanding these molecular interactions could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of implantation and pregnancy establishment.展开更多
Aims Forest vegetation variability may be explained by the complex inter-play among several spatial structuring factors,including climate and topography.We modelled the spatial variability of forest vegetation assembl...Aims Forest vegetation variability may be explained by the complex inter-play among several spatial structuring factors,including climate and topography.We modelled the spatial variability of forest vegetation assemblages and significant environmental variables along a com-plex environmental gradient or coenocline to produce a detailed cartographic database portraying the distribution of forests along it.Methods We combined an analysis of ordination coenoclines with kriging over 772 field data plots from the third Spanish National Forest Inventory in an Atlantic-Mediterranean transitional area(northern Spain).Important Findings The best fitted empirical semivariogram revealed a strong spatial structure of forest species composition along the complex envi-ronmental gradient considered(the climatic-topographic gradient from north to south).The steady and gradual increase of semivari-ance with a marked lag distance indicates a gradual turnover of forest assemblages according to the climatic-topographic vari-ations(regional or local).Two changes in the slope of the semi-variogram suggest the existence of two different scales of spatial variation.The interpolation map by Kriging of forest vegetation assemblages along the main coenocline shows a clear spatial dis-tribution pattern of trees and shrubs in accordance with the spa-tial variation of significant environmental variables.We concluded that the multivariate geostatistical approach is a suitable technique for spatial analysis of forest systems employing data from national forest inventories based on a regular network of field plots.The development of an assortment of maps describing changes in veg-etation assemblages and variation in environmental variables is expected to be a suitable tool for an integrated forest management and planning.展开更多
Concrete strength mainly depends on the hydration between water and cement and how the resulting calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)crystals binds the other concrete components together.Traditional empirical formulas can ...Concrete strength mainly depends on the hydration between water and cement and how the resulting calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)crystals binds the other concrete components together.Traditional empirical formulas can hardly incorporate all relevant factors to accurately predict concrete properties.Over the past two decades,newly developed machine learning algorithms have been applied to practical problems across different fields.These machine learning algorithms offer an alternative approach to predicting concrete properties(e.g.,strength and permeability),reconstruct digital twin models,and capture surface defects.This paper reviews the application and improvement of machine learning algorithms in predicting and characterizing the mechanical properties and morphology of concrete,including the traditional machine learning(K-nearest neighbors,support vector machines),artificial neural networks,deep learning models(convolutional neural networks and generative adversarial networks),and physics-informed neural networks.Potential models for the prediction or characterization of a specific property are summarized.This paper will help researchers in the area of concrete materials in selecting and establishing a machine learning model.展开更多
Jet agitation is known as a maintenance-free stirring technique for nuclear wastewater treatment and demonstrates great potential in transport of radioactive particles.Removal processes of horizontal sediment beds dri...Jet agitation is known as a maintenance-free stirring technique for nuclear wastewater treatment and demonstrates great potential in transport of radioactive particles.Removal processes of horizontal sediment beds driven by impinging jets were experimentally investigated using image capture and processing technique.The beds were composed of heavy fine particles with particle density ranging from 3700 to 12600 kg·m^(-3) and particle diameter from 5 to 100 μm.The jet Reynolds number varied between 4300 and 9600.The single-phase large eddy simulation method was used for calculating both jet flow characteristics and wall shear stresses.The effects of jet strength,particle density,particle diameter,and bed thickness on bed mobility in terms of the critical Shields numbers were considered.Specifically,the critical Shields number was found to be intricately related to properties of particles,and independent of jet intensity.A new Shields number curve for stainless-steel particles was found,and a model was proposed to predict the transport rate of thin beds,with R^(2)=0.96.展开更多
Conventional steam reforming for hydrogen production is limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium.To address this limitation,in this study,a cost-effective catalyst-sorbent hybrid material was synthesized from waste st...Conventional steam reforming for hydrogen production is limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium.To address this limitation,in this study,a cost-effective catalyst-sorbent hybrid material was synthesized from waste steel slag and limestone.A 30-cycle CO_(2)sorption experiment and a sorption-enhanced biomass reforming for hydrogen production experiment were conducted.The results indicate that for the A_(4)L_(3)S_(2)(4 mol·L^(-1)acid,limestone:slag=3:2)composite,it attains a total CO_(2)sorption capacity of4.14 g·g^(-1)under mild conditions,with only a 23.5%reduction after 30 cycles.Moreover,under severe conditions,it manages to retain 3.81 g·g^(-1)in total 30 cycle.When applied to sorption-enhanced biomass gasification using pine wood shavings,the material significantly boosts hydrogen production,achieving a hydrogen purity of 74.57%and a yield of 0.818 mmol·g·g^(-1)·min^(-1),while reducing the CO_(2)concentration in the syngas to 10.89%.These findings highlight the dual functionality and robustness of the steel slag-derived material,offering a cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable pathway for industrial hydrogen production and valorization of solid waste resources.展开更多
Sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics(SINDy)has made significant progress in data-driven dynamics modeling.However,determining appropriate hyperparameters and addressing the time-consuming symbolic regression pr...Sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics(SINDy)has made significant progress in data-driven dynamics modeling.However,determining appropriate hyperparameters and addressing the time-consuming symbolic regression process remain substantial challenges.This study proposes the adaptive backward stepwise selection of fast SINDy(ABSS-FSINDy),which integrates statistical learning-based estimation and technical advancements to significantly reduce simulation time.This approach not only provides insights into the conditions under which SINDy performs optimally but also highlights potential failure points,particularly in the context of backward stepwise selection(BSS).By decoding predefined features into textual expressions,ABSS-FSINDy significantly reduces the simulation time compared with conventional symbolic regression methods.We validate the proposed method through a series of numerical experiments involving both planar/spatial dynamics and high-dimensional chaotic systems,including Lotka-Volterra,hyperchaotic Rossler,coupled Lorenz,and Lorenz 96 benchmark systems.The experimental results demonstrate that ABSS-FSINDy autonomously determines optimal hyperparameters within the SINDy framework,overcoming the curse of dimensionality in high-dimensional simulations.This improvement is substantial across both lowand high-dimensional systems,yielding efficiency gains of one to three orders of magnitude.For instance,in a 20D dynamical system,the simulation time is reduced from 107.63 s to just 0.093 s,resulting in a 3-order-of-magnitude improvement in simulation efficiency.This advancement broadens the applicability of SINDy for the identification and reconstruction of high-dimensional dynamical systems.展开更多
Concrete creep,which is characterised by the gradual,time-dependent deformation under sustained loading,remains a critical factor for structural durability,safety and long-term performance.This review synthesises key ...Concrete creep,which is characterised by the gradual,time-dependent deformation under sustained loading,remains a critical factor for structural durability,safety and long-term performance.This review synthesises key advancements in creep research,tracing its evolution from early foundational experimental studies and empirical models such as Bažant’s B3 to contemporary materials innovations and emerging computational frameworks.Novel contributions and notable developments include the integration of Finite Element Analysis(FEA),Bayesian optimisation,and fractional calculus,which have significantly improved predictive accuracy under diverse and varying environmental conditions.The study characterised the pivotal role material innovation plays in this evolution and progression,with recent focus on the development of high-performance and sustainable concretes.These advanced materials include Ultra-High-Performance Concrete(UHPC),Recycled Aggregate Concrete(RAC),Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag(GGBFS)modified concrete,Rice Husk Ash(RHA)composites,and nano-modified concretes,all aimed at enhancing creep resistance and sustainability.The study also examines the influence of temperature,humidity,and sustained stress on creep behaviour,highlighting the need for robust multiscale models.Emerging trends,such as artificial intelligence,mesoscopic modelling,and eco-efficient materials,are identified as transformative tools for future research and applications.By bridging historical insights with modern innovations,this work provides a strategic framework for the design of resilient,durable,and sustainable infrastructure systems in the face of evolving performance demands and environmental challenges.展开更多
文摘Résumé： Comme son titre 1＇ indique, Quatre-vingt-treize est 1＇ épopée de la Révolution francaise, raeontée d travers trois personnages symboliques： un vieil aristocrate, le marquis de Lantenac, son petit-neveu, Gauvain, un no- ble rattaehé aux humbles, et un homme du peuple, Cimourdain, père adoptif de Cauvain. C＇ est done les liens famili- aux qui unissent ses personnages avant de les voir plonger dans la tourmente des événements, et lutter les uns eontre les autres. Soit par convictions de rang et de elasse, soit par raison, soit encore pour un idéal. En un mot, entre eux, il existe un violent eolfflit entre 《1＇ humanité 》et 《la révolution》
文摘This research was conducted in the framework of the feasibility study related to FOCUSED-Benin project, the 5</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> work package of the YES-PV NIG BEN project financed by the German Government through its Ministry of Research and High Education (BMBF). The FOCUSED Benin project’s major objective is to protect the environment through the utilization of solar energy for drying</span><span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">agricultural products and table salt harvesting. Salt is important in human daily life. It is used for conservation of food, softening water, industrial processes, road de-icing, food seasoning, etc. Seawater evaporation, salt mining, and salt brine are the major sources of salt production worldwide. However, in West Africa, particularly in Benin Republic, table salt is produced using methods that negatively impact the ecology of the mangrove. This study aimed at investigating the current status of salt production in Benin Republic, its impact on the mangrove and its related health issues. Field visits, meeting with associations of women salt producers in the co</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">astal region of the country, allowed to quantify the number of women associations dealing with salt production, their difficulties, and the impacts on the m</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">angrove. Salt is a seasonal activity and is produced from January to May. One kilogram salt production, along with health issues reported by salt producers, requires approximately 1</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">kg of firewood obtained by cutting down mangrove. Salt price varies from 250CFA </span><a name="_Hlk67640154"></a><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(€0.38) to 400FCFA (€0.61) per kg depending on the season. The women salt producers are not aware of the ecological consequences of mangrove destruction. Sources of firewood are becoming increasingly scarce and prices prohibitive. Sensitization is not efficient. An alternative method of harvesting salt by solar drying and new ideas for implementing this activity in a participatory approach w</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">as</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> discussed with the different associations of salt producers.
基金the University of Aberdeen for an Elphinstone PhD ScholarshipNiger Delta Development Commission(NDDC)for financial assistance。
文摘The Miocene sandstone deposits in the Southern California region are important hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, their development has been very challenging due to the wide variability in their reservoir quality. These sandstones have been studied from three sedimentary basins by petrographic thin section, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction to evaluate and compare the influence of diagenesis on their reservoir quality in these basins. Four petrofacies, namely P1(sand injectite or dyke), P2(sub-marine fan), P3(turbidite and marine-influenced alluvial fans) and P4(continental sandstones) have been identified. P1 and P2 characterise the sandstones in the San Joaquin forearc basin and are affected by kaolinite and extensive early calcite diagenesis. P3 and P4 delineate the sandstones in the Cajon Valley and Salton Trough strike-slip basins and are dominated by smectite, mixed illite-smectite, early calcite and late calcite diagenesis. Early calcite cement in P3 and P4 is in lower proportion than in P1 and P2. Although the dissolution of these sandstones by acidic fluids did not have a pattern, it, however, has the most considerable influence on P2 creating moldic pores which are expected to increase pore connectivity. The relatively abundant dissolution pores in P2, together with the absence of late authigenic calcite and illite clay in comparison to the other petrofacies studied are likely to make this sandstone facies the best reservoir targets in the Southern California region. These rocks are analogous to producing reservoirs in the region. However, because, petroleum accumulation in these reservoirs are compartmentalized by early calcite cement, maximum recovery using acidified fluids is recommended to dissolve the calcite-filled pores in order to increase connectivity of their pore network and enhance flow potential.
文摘In this study,the physical and chemical characteristics and direct aqueous mineral carbonation of red gypsum have been investigated.The characterization studies showed that red gypsum is a very potential feedstock for mineral carbonation.It is mainly consisted of CaO,Fe2O3 and SO3 along with some impurities.On the other hand,the carbonation results showed that direct aqueous carbonation of red gypsum resulted in CaCO3 and FeCO3 production,however,the carbonates purity and carbonation efficiency are still very low.
基金supported by research projects:PID2019-111641RB-I00 and PID2023-149027OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/to DR and PRE2020-094452 to RM。
文摘Backgroud Efficient communication between the embryo and the endometrium is essential for the successful establishment and maintenance of pregnancy.Uterine-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs)contribute to embryomaternal communication,supporting early embryonic development.This study aimed to:(i)compare the protein cargo of uterine fluid EVs(UF-EVs)from CYCLIC and PREGNANT heifers;(ii)characterize the protein profile of conditioned medium(CM)-EVs from endometrial explants cultured alone(EXPL)or co-cultured with five d 7 blastocysts(EXPL+EMB)in vitro;and(iii)compare the EV protein cargo between the in vivo and in vitro models(i.e.,EXPL vs.CYCLIC and EXPL+EMB vs.PREGNANT).Results We identified 1,459 and 1,752 proteins in the UF-EVs of CYCLIC and PREGNANT heifers,respectively.Among these,12 were exclusive to CYCLIC,and 18 were exclusive to PREGNANT.Among the 1,329 proteins identified in both groups,16 were differently abundant;ten were more abundant,and six were less abundant in UF-EVs from PREGNANT heifers.In vivo,the changes in UF-EV protein cargo induced by the presence of a blastocyst were related to inflammatory and immune responses,endometrial receptivity,and support of early embryonic development by promoting cell polarity,cell–cell adhesion,and stem cell differentiation.In vitro,we identified 1,501 proteins in the CM-EVs from EXPL,1,975 in the CM-EVs from EXPL+EMB,and 82 in the CM-EVs from EMB.Additionally,50 proteins were unique to EXPL+EMB,and another 33 were differentially abundant due to the synergistic interaction between the embryo and the endometrium.These proteins are involved in embryonic development,regulation of stem cell differentiation,establishment and maintenance of cell polarity,interferon tau(IFNT)-mediated cell signaling,endometrial receptivity,and immune modulation.Although there are qualitative and quantitative differences between in vivo and in vitro-derived EVs,UF-EVs from CYCLIC heifers compared to CM-EVs from EXPL,as well as UFEVs from PREGNANT heifers compared to CM-EVs from EXPL+EMB shared common proteins.Conclusions These findings highlight the pivotal role of EVs in embryo-maternal communication,suggesting that their protein cargo may actively contribute to the modulation of the uterine environment to support early embryonic development.Understanding these molecular interactions could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of implantation and pregnancy establishment.
基金J.G.A.was supported by the program‘Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación’fellowships(IJCI-2014-21393).
文摘Aims Forest vegetation variability may be explained by the complex inter-play among several spatial structuring factors,including climate and topography.We modelled the spatial variability of forest vegetation assemblages and significant environmental variables along a com-plex environmental gradient or coenocline to produce a detailed cartographic database portraying the distribution of forests along it.Methods We combined an analysis of ordination coenoclines with kriging over 772 field data plots from the third Spanish National Forest Inventory in an Atlantic-Mediterranean transitional area(northern Spain).Important Findings The best fitted empirical semivariogram revealed a strong spatial structure of forest species composition along the complex envi-ronmental gradient considered(the climatic-topographic gradient from north to south).The steady and gradual increase of semivari-ance with a marked lag distance indicates a gradual turnover of forest assemblages according to the climatic-topographic vari-ations(regional or local).Two changes in the slope of the semi-variogram suggest the existence of two different scales of spatial variation.The interpolation map by Kriging of forest vegetation assemblages along the main coenocline shows a clear spatial dis-tribution pattern of trees and shrubs in accordance with the spa-tial variation of significant environmental variables.We concluded that the multivariate geostatistical approach is a suitable technique for spatial analysis of forest systems employing data from national forest inventories based on a regular network of field plots.The development of an assortment of maps describing changes in veg-etation assemblages and variation in environmental variables is expected to be a suitable tool for an integrated forest management and planning.
基金supported by the Central University Basic Research Fund of China(grant No.3072024CFJ0202).
文摘Concrete strength mainly depends on the hydration between water and cement and how the resulting calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H)crystals binds the other concrete components together.Traditional empirical formulas can hardly incorporate all relevant factors to accurately predict concrete properties.Over the past two decades,newly developed machine learning algorithms have been applied to practical problems across different fields.These machine learning algorithms offer an alternative approach to predicting concrete properties(e.g.,strength and permeability),reconstruct digital twin models,and capture surface defects.This paper reviews the application and improvement of machine learning algorithms in predicting and characterizing the mechanical properties and morphology of concrete,including the traditional machine learning(K-nearest neighbors,support vector machines),artificial neural networks,deep learning models(convolutional neural networks and generative adversarial networks),and physics-informed neural networks.Potential models for the prediction or characterization of a specific property are summarized.This paper will help researchers in the area of concrete materials in selecting and establishing a machine learning model.
文摘Jet agitation is known as a maintenance-free stirring technique for nuclear wastewater treatment and demonstrates great potential in transport of radioactive particles.Removal processes of horizontal sediment beds driven by impinging jets were experimentally investigated using image capture and processing technique.The beds were composed of heavy fine particles with particle density ranging from 3700 to 12600 kg·m^(-3) and particle diameter from 5 to 100 μm.The jet Reynolds number varied between 4300 and 9600.The single-phase large eddy simulation method was used for calculating both jet flow characteristics and wall shear stresses.The effects of jet strength,particle density,particle diameter,and bed thickness on bed mobility in terms of the critical Shields numbers were considered.Specifically,the critical Shields number was found to be intricately related to properties of particles,and independent of jet intensity.A new Shields number curve for stainless-steel particles was found,and a model was proposed to predict the transport rate of thin beds,with R^(2)=0.96.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2025YFE0109700)Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering,MOE(KLIEEE-22-07)UK Research and Innovation(UKRI)under the UK government's Horizon Europe funding guarantee[EP/Y036751/1]。
文摘Conventional steam reforming for hydrogen production is limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium.To address this limitation,in this study,a cost-effective catalyst-sorbent hybrid material was synthesized from waste steel slag and limestone.A 30-cycle CO_(2)sorption experiment and a sorption-enhanced biomass reforming for hydrogen production experiment were conducted.The results indicate that for the A_(4)L_(3)S_(2)(4 mol·L^(-1)acid,limestone:slag=3:2)composite,it attains a total CO_(2)sorption capacity of4.14 g·g^(-1)under mild conditions,with only a 23.5%reduction after 30 cycles.Moreover,under severe conditions,it manages to retain 3.81 g·g^(-1)in total 30 cycle.When applied to sorption-enhanced biomass gasification using pine wood shavings,the material significantly boosts hydrogen production,achieving a hydrogen purity of 74.57%and a yield of 0.818 mmol·g·g^(-1)·min^(-1),while reducing the CO_(2)concentration in the syngas to 10.89%.These findings highlight the dual functionality and robustness of the steel slag-derived material,offering a cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable pathway for industrial hydrogen production and valorization of solid waste resources.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172291,12472357,and 12232015)the Shaanxi Province Outstanding Youth Fund Project(No.2024JC-JCQN-05)the 111 Project(No.BP0719007)。
文摘Sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics(SINDy)has made significant progress in data-driven dynamics modeling.However,determining appropriate hyperparameters and addressing the time-consuming symbolic regression process remain substantial challenges.This study proposes the adaptive backward stepwise selection of fast SINDy(ABSS-FSINDy),which integrates statistical learning-based estimation and technical advancements to significantly reduce simulation time.This approach not only provides insights into the conditions under which SINDy performs optimally but also highlights potential failure points,particularly in the context of backward stepwise selection(BSS).By decoding predefined features into textual expressions,ABSS-FSINDy significantly reduces the simulation time compared with conventional symbolic regression methods.We validate the proposed method through a series of numerical experiments involving both planar/spatial dynamics and high-dimensional chaotic systems,including Lotka-Volterra,hyperchaotic Rossler,coupled Lorenz,and Lorenz 96 benchmark systems.The experimental results demonstrate that ABSS-FSINDy autonomously determines optimal hyperparameters within the SINDy framework,overcoming the curse of dimensionality in high-dimensional simulations.This improvement is substantial across both lowand high-dimensional systems,yielding efficiency gains of one to three orders of magnitude.For instance,in a 20D dynamical system,the simulation time is reduced from 107.63 s to just 0.093 s,resulting in a 3-order-of-magnitude improvement in simulation efficiency.This advancement broadens the applicability of SINDy for the identification and reconstruction of high-dimensional dynamical systems.
文摘Concrete creep,which is characterised by the gradual,time-dependent deformation under sustained loading,remains a critical factor for structural durability,safety and long-term performance.This review synthesises key advancements in creep research,tracing its evolution from early foundational experimental studies and empirical models such as Bažant’s B3 to contemporary materials innovations and emerging computational frameworks.Novel contributions and notable developments include the integration of Finite Element Analysis(FEA),Bayesian optimisation,and fractional calculus,which have significantly improved predictive accuracy under diverse and varying environmental conditions.The study characterised the pivotal role material innovation plays in this evolution and progression,with recent focus on the development of high-performance and sustainable concretes.These advanced materials include Ultra-High-Performance Concrete(UHPC),Recycled Aggregate Concrete(RAC),Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag(GGBFS)modified concrete,Rice Husk Ash(RHA)composites,and nano-modified concretes,all aimed at enhancing creep resistance and sustainability.The study also examines the influence of temperature,humidity,and sustained stress on creep behaviour,highlighting the need for robust multiscale models.Emerging trends,such as artificial intelligence,mesoscopic modelling,and eco-efficient materials,are identified as transformative tools for future research and applications.By bridging historical insights with modern innovations,this work provides a strategic framework for the design of resilient,durable,and sustainable infrastructure systems in the face of evolving performance demands and environmental challenges.
