Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introdu...Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.展开更多
In the rapidly evolving landscape of intelligent transportation systems,the security and authenticity of vehicular communication have emerged as critical challenges.As vehicles become increasingly interconnected,the n...In the rapidly evolving landscape of intelligent transportation systems,the security and authenticity of vehicular communication have emerged as critical challenges.As vehicles become increasingly interconnected,the need for robust authentication mechanisms to safeguard against cyber threats and ensure trust in an autonomous ecosystem becomes essential.On the other hand,using intelligence in the authentication system is a significant attraction.While existing surveys broadly address vehicular security,a critical gap remains in the systematic exploration of Deep Learning(DL)-based authentication methods tailored to these communication paradigms.This survey fills that gap by offering a comprehensive analysis of DL techniques—including supervised,unsupervised,reinforcement,and hybrid learning—for vehicular authentication.This survey highlights novel contributions,such as a taxonomy of DL-driven authentication protocols,real-world case studies,and a critical evaluation of scalability and privacy-preserving techniques.Additionally,this paper identifies unresolved challenges,such as adversarial resilience and real-time processing constraints,and proposes actionable future directions,including lightweight model optimization and blockchain integration.By grounding the discussion in concrete applications,such as biometric authentication for driver safety and adaptive key management for infrastructure security,this survey bridges theoretical advancements with practical deployment needs,offering a roadmap for next-generation secure intelligent vehicular ecosystems for the modern world.展开更多
Background:Communication barriers are a critical yet underexplored determinant of psychological well-being in oncology care,particularly among rural Chinese patients treated in urban hospitals.This study examined how ...Background:Communication barriers are a critical yet underexplored determinant of psychological well-being in oncology care,particularly among rural Chinese patients treated in urban hospitals.This study examined how Mandarin proficiency influences emotional distress and identified implications for mental health promotion.Methods:A sequential mixed-methods design was adopted.Quantitative data were collected from 180 rural cancer patients using the Putonghua Proficiency Test(PSC),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and the Distress Thermometer(DT).Multiple linear regressions estimated covariate-adjusted associations between Mandarin proficiency and distress outcomes,controlling for demographic and clinical factors.Semi-structured interviews with 20 patients explored communication experiences and psychosocial impacts.Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated for triangulated interpretation.Results:Lower Mandarin proficiency was significantly associated with higher anxiety(β=−0.30,p=0.001),depression(β=−0.25,p=0.01),and distress(β=−0.28,p=0.003),with an adjusted R^(2)=0.18(F=7.4,p<0.001).Each 10-point increase in PSC corresponded to a 0.5-point reduction in DT score(B=−0.05,p=0.003).Qualitative themes revealed confusion,stigma,isolation,and reliance on family interpreters,confirming that linguistic inequity functions as an independent psychosocial stressor in oncology care.Conclusion:Language barriers significantly heighten distress among rural Chinese cancer patients.Addressing these barriers through interpreter services,culturally responsive staff training,and inclusive educational materials should be recognized as a core strategy for mental health promotion and equitable cancer care.展开更多
Amidst the unique challenges faced by rural educators is their sense of decent work influenced by levels of social support,career self-efficacy,and marginalization.To investigate these relationships,we surveyed 435 ru...Amidst the unique challenges faced by rural educators is their sense of decent work influenced by levels of social support,career self-efficacy,and marginalization.To investigate these relationships,we surveyed 435 rural school teachers(females=69.32%,mean years teaching experience=13.6,SD=7.7 years).The Structural Equation Modeling results indicated that social support positively predicts teachers’perceptions of decent work.Career self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and a higher sense of decent work,while marginalization mediated the relationship such that lower social support predicted lower perceptions of decent work.Career self-efficacy and marginalization also had a sequential mediation relationship:higher social support enhanced career self-efficacy,which in turn reduced marginalization experiences,ultimately improving teachers’perceptions of decent work.These findings align with the predictions of Social Cognitive Career Theory and the Psychology of Working Theory,demonstrating that environmental supports enhance personal psychological resources,reduce marginalization risks,and promote positive work-related outcomes.The study findings highlight the necessity for education departments to improve rural teachers’perceptions of decent work by providing social support to foster positive work experiences for teachers at high risk for marginalization and diminished career self-efficacy.展开更多
This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised ...This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.展开更多
This review provided an updated synthesis of current knowledge regarding the processing, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications of white tea (Camellia sinensis), commonly known as...This review provided an updated synthesis of current knowledge regarding the processing, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications of white tea (Camellia sinensis), commonly known as WT. Information was collated from reliable sources, including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). In China, WT, referred to as “Bai Cha”, is a prized spring tea harvested during early spring when the young tea plant leaf buds are still covered with delicate, downy white hairs. Fujian Province serves as the primary production region. WT processing is minimal, involving withering as the most crucial step, followed by drying. This simple process preserves its unique qualities and chemical integrity. The dominant phenolic compounds in WT are flavonoids, including catechins, dimeric catechins, flavones, flavonols, and flavanones. Additional constituents encompass phenolic acids, alkaloids, glycosides, and amino acids. These bioactive compounds contribute to WT’s diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, and male reproductive health benefits. To date, seven clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of WT. These include two studies each on its use as a mouth rinse and its anti-obesity effects, and one study each focusing on its applications in managing diabetes, periodontitis, and depression. Perspectives on WT’s broader implications and opportunities for future research are also explored, highlighting its potential for expanded therapeutic applications.展开更多
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a bioactive polyphenol abundant in green tea,has garnered significant attention for its diverse therapeutic applications,ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to poten...Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a bioactive polyphenol abundant in green tea,has garnered significant attention for its diverse therapeutic applications,ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to potential anticancer properties.Despite its immense promise,the practical utilization of EGCG in therapeutic settings as a medication has been hampered by inherent limitations of this drug,including poor bioavailability,instability,and rapid degradation.This review comprehensively explores the current challenges associated with the application of EGCG and evaluates the potential of nanoparticle-based formulations in addressing these limitations.Nanoparticles,with their unique physicochemical properties,offer a platform for the enhanced stability,bioavailability,and targeted delivery of EGCG.Various nanoparticle strategies,including polymeric nanoparticle,micelle,lipid-based nanocarrier,metal nanoparticle,and silica nanoparticle,are currently employed to enhance EGCG stability and pharmacological activity.This review concludes that the particle sizes of most of these formulated nanocarriers fall within 300 nm and their encapsulation efficiency ranges from 51%to 97%.Notably,the pharmacological activities of EGCG-loaded nanoparticles,such as antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,and antimicrobial effects,are significantly enhanced compared to those of free EGCG.By critically analyzing the existing literature and highlighting recent advancements,this article provides valuable insights into the promising prospects of nanoparticle-mediated EGCG formulations,paving the way for the development of more effective and clinically viable therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a prominent plant-based catechin predominantly derived from Camellia sinensis and widely available on the market as a health supplement,has garnered significant attention for its poten...Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a prominent plant-based catechin predominantly derived from Camellia sinensis and widely available on the market as a health supplement,has garnered significant attention for its potential therapeutic benefits,particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).This review explores the multifaceted role of EGCG in addressing the“ominous octet”—the 8 core pathophysiological defects associated with T2DM.The literature search was carried out using key terms“EGCG”OR“epigallocatechin-3-gallate”OR“epigallocatechin gallate”AND“diabetes”OR“insulin resistance”OR“hyperglycemia”in the PubMed and Scopus databases.The search was constrained to articles published between January 2018 and April 2024,focusing on the document type.Full-text articles published in English and relevant to EGCG that featured a single active ingredient,included clearly explained diabetes relief mechanism,and included ominous octet aspects were included in the final review.The outcomes of the included studies were reviewed and categorized based on 8 core pathophysiological defects,collectively referred to as the ominous octet in T2DM.This review concludes that EGCG is a potent hypoglycemic agent that has beneficial effects against the ominous octet in addition to its pharmacological activities in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis,carbohydrate digestion and metabolism,glucose transporter-mediated intestinal glucose-uptake,endothelial dysfunction,and renal damage that are significantly associated with pathogenesis of T2DM.This extensive scientific evidence suggests that EGCG may offer a novel approach to traditional antidiabetic therapies,potentially improving glycemic control and mitigating complications associated with T2DM.The inhibitory effects of EGCG on sodium-glucose transport proteins and their role in reducing renal glucose reabsorption remain unexplored,highlighting a significant research gap.Future research should also aim to broaden the scope by investigating the “egregious eleven,”which comprise a more comprehensive range of diabetic pathophysiological features.This review underscores the therapeutic promise of EGCG for managing T2DM and encourages ongoing research to fully elucidate its clinical applications.展开更多
The 5th International Polar Year(IPY-5)2032-2033 is the next step with the“oldest continuous climate research program created by humanity”,which started in 1882-1883 with IPY-1 intentionally during a Solar Maximum a...The 5th International Polar Year(IPY-5)2032-2033 is the next step with the“oldest continuous climate research program created by humanity”,which started in 1882-1883 with IPY-1 intentionally during a Solar Maximum after the“Little Ice Age”had impacted Europe across the previous four centuries.IPY-5 is a rare research opportunity to stimulate transdisciplinary initiatives with efficiencies and synergies that are relevant to all people and life on Earth pole-to-pole,across the cryosphere that includes high mountains on lands in between,connected by the atmosphere and ocean with Solar forcing across periods relevant to human survival.This editorial explores current and accelerating momentum to implement science with society across the International Decade of Sciences for Sustainable Development(IDSSD)2024-2033 with IPY-5 as a guiding light.展开更多
Insulin plays a crucial role in the metabolic priming and proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs).However,insulin resistance(IR)is associated with impaired NSC proliferation and cognitive dysfunction,which are the ha...Insulin plays a crucial role in the metabolic priming and proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs).However,insulin resistance(IR)is associated with impaired NSC proliferation and cognitive dysfunction,which are the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders(PDs).In addition to insulin,de novo lipogenesis(DNL)also plays an essential role in NSC proliferation and function as it supplies fatty acids for membrane phospholipid synthesis and cell signaling.However,enhanced DNL is associated with lipid/fatty acid accumulation,IR,and impaired NSC proliferation.Intriguingly,data from lipidomic studies suggest that DNL could be enhanced before the onset of classical symptoms in patients with PDs.Further,evidence suggests that patients with PDs may develop IR during childhood or before adolescence;therefore,DNL could be enhanced preceding the development of IR.Regarding treatment,while most antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs have been shown to further deteriorate IR and stimulate DNL,various adjunctive drugs/therapies,including chemical,physical,and stem cell therapy,which have shown promising success in treating PDs,reduce DNL while enhancing insulin sensitivity,NSC proliferation,and cognitive function in laboratory animals.Preliminary clinical outcomes and future prospects of these adjunctive drugs/therapies,especially stem cell therapy in treating PDs including schizophrenia and depression,are discussed.展开更多
Traditional studies on transforming selenate and selenite are often limited by static measurements and low spatial resolution.They do not fully consider the impact of moisture content.This paper uses the DGT(diffusive...Traditional studies on transforming selenate and selenite are often limited by static measurements and low spatial resolution.They do not fully consider the impact of moisture content.This paper uses the DGT(diffusive gradients in thin films)technique to deeply explore how moisture changes affect the transformation of selenate and selenite in the environment(changes in properties over time).First,representative soil samples(loess)are prepared,and their moisture content is adjusted.Fixed concentrations of selenate and selenite are added,and then the DGT device simulates their migration in the natural environment.The experiment covers drought,moisture,and high moisture environments,and the experiment is repeated under each condition to ensure the accuracy of the data.The sample quality is verified and further analyzed by ion chromatography(IC)and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS).This article uses DGT technology to study the influence of moisture content on the migration and transformation of selenate and selenite in soil.Results indicate that increased moisture content leads to higher concentrations,diffusion rates,and DGT capture efficiency of both selenium species,highlighting the importance of moisture in their environmental behavior.When the moisture content increased from 25%to 65%,the coefficient of variation of selenate and selenite increased.The DGT technique proved effective in capturing spatial heterogeneity and providing high-precision measurements,offering robust data to advance research on selenium behavior in soils.展开更多
The effects of long-term moisture changes on the migration,release,and bioavailability of selenium in soil are complex.Due to the lack of effective monitoring methods for precise quantification,its dynamic behavior is...The effects of long-term moisture changes on the migration,release,and bioavailability of selenium in soil are complex.Due to the lack of effective monitoring methods for precise quantification,its dynamic behavior is still unclear.Based on the DGT(Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films)technology,this study sets up three moisture control scenarios:continuous wet,wet-dry alternating,and continuous dry,and carries out a 6-month soil moisture control experiment.In the experiment,the DGT device collected the diffusion gradient data of soil selenium under different scenarios,and analyzed the migration characteristics of selenium in combination with the adsorption isotherm.Meanwhile,the release rate,migration coefficient,and bioavailability parameters of selenium are calculated by fitting the first-order kinetic model,further verifying the reliability and applicability of the DGT data.The experimental results demonstrate that under continuous wet conditions,the release rate of soil selenium reaches 1.85µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),with a migration coefficient of 0.012 cm^(2)·h^(-1)and a bioavailability parameter of 0.74;under wet-dry alternating conditions,they are 1.42µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),0.01 cm^(2)·h^(-1),and 0.68,respectively;under continuous dry conditions,the release rate of soil selenium is the smallest,at 0.88µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),with a migration coefficient of 0.004 cm^(-2)·h^(-1)and a bioavailability parameter of 0.5.The results of this experiment reveal the dynamic behavior of soil selenium under different moisture conditions and reflect the high efficiency of DGT technology in dynamic monitoring and quantitative analysis of soil selenium behavior,providing a scientific basis for the optimal management of rhizosphere soil selenium.展开更多
Abiotic stresses such as drought,heat,salinity,and heavy metal contamination severely affect global agricultural productivity.Between 2005 and 2015,droughts caused losses of approximately USD 29 billion in developing ...Abiotic stresses such as drought,heat,salinity,and heavy metal contamination severely affect global agricultural productivity.Between 2005 and 2015,droughts caused losses of approximately USD 29 billion in developing countries,and from 2008 to 2018,droughts accounted for over 34%of crop and livestock yield losses,totaling about USD 37 billion.To support the growing human population,agricultural output must increase substantially,necessitating a 60%–100%rise in crop productivity to meet the escalating demand.To address environmental challenges,organic,inorganic,and microbial biostimulants are increasingly employed to enhance plant resilience through various morphological,physiological,and biochemical modifications.Plant biostimulants enhance plant resilience under abiotic stress through mechanisms such as abscisic acid signaling modulation,which regulates stomatal closure to reduce water loss during drought and heat stress.Additionally,they aid in scavenging reactive oxygen species and stabilizing ion channels,mitigating oxidative damage,and maintaining ionic balance under stress conditions such as salinity.This review summarizes recent advancements in applying these biostimulants,focusing on their roles in triggering morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular changes that collectively enhance plant resilience under stress conditions.It also includes a bibliometric analysis of all articles published on biostimulants from 2019 to 2024 and explores future research directions.Emphasis was placed on optimizing biostimulant formulations and understanding their synergistic effects to maximize their efficacy under various stress conditions.By integrating biostimulants into agricultural practices,we can adopt a sustainable strategy to safeguard crop productivity in the face of climate change and environmental stressors.展开更多
With the advancements of the next-generation communication networking and Internet ofThings(IoT)technologies,a variety of computation-intensive applications(e.g.,autonomous driving and face recognition)have emerged.Th...With the advancements of the next-generation communication networking and Internet ofThings(IoT)technologies,a variety of computation-intensive applications(e.g.,autonomous driving and face recognition)have emerged.The execution of these IoT applications demands a lot of computing resources.Nevertheless,terminal devices(TDs)usually do not have sufficient computing resources to process these applications.Offloading IoT applications to be processed by mobile edge computing(MEC)servers with more computing resources provides a promising way to address this issue.While a significant number of works have studied task offloading,only a few of them have considered the security issue.This study investigates the problem of spectrum allocation and security-sensitive task offloading in an MEC system.Dynamic voltage scaling(DVS)technology is applied by TDs to reduce energy consumption and computing time.To guarantee data security during task offloading,we use AES cryptographic technique.The studied problem is formulated as an optimization problem and solved by our proposed efficient offloading scheme.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce system cost while guaranteeing data security.展开更多
The exponential growth of data in recent years has introduced significant challenges in managing high-dimensional datasets,particularly in industrial contexts where efficient data handling and process innovation are c...The exponential growth of data in recent years has introduced significant challenges in managing high-dimensional datasets,particularly in industrial contexts where efficient data handling and process innovation are critical.Feature selection,an essential step in data-driven process innovation,aims to identify the most relevant features to improve model interpretability,reduce complexity,and enhance predictive accuracy.To address the limitations of existing feature selection methods,this study introduces a novel wrapper-based feature selection framework leveraging the recently proposed Arctic Puffin Optimization(APO)algorithm.Specifically,we incorporate a specialized conversion mechanism to effectively adapt APO from continuous optimization to discrete,binary feature selection problems.Moreover,we introduce a fully parallelized implementation of APO in which both the search operators and fitness evaluations are executed concurrently using MATLAB’s Parallel Computing Toolbox.This parallel design significantly improves runtime efficiency and scalability,particularly for high-dimensional feature spaces.Extensive comparative experiments conducted against 14 state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms across 15 benchmark datasets reveal that the proposed APO-based method consistently achieves superior classification accuracy while selecting fewer features.These findings highlight the robustness and effectiveness of APO,validating its potential for advancing process innovation,economic productivity and smart city application in real-world machine learning scenarios.展开更多
Evidence has shown that differential transcriptomic profiles among human populations from diverse ancestries,supporting the role of genetic architecture in regulating gene expression alongside environmental stimuli.Ge...Evidence has shown that differential transcriptomic profiles among human populations from diverse ancestries,supporting the role of genetic architecture in regulating gene expression alongside environmental stimuli.Genetic variants that regulate gene expression,known as expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL),are primarily shaped by human migration history and evolutionary forces,likewise,regulation of gene expression in principle could have been influenced by these events.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of how human evolution impacts eQTL offers important insights into how phenotypic diversity is shaped.Recent studies,however,suggest that eQTL is enriched in genes that are selectively constrained.Whether eQTL is minimally affected by selective pressures remains an open question and requires comprehensive investigations.In addition,such studies are primarily dominated by the major populations of European ancestry,leaving many marginalized populations underrepresented.These observations indicate there exists a fundamental knowledge gap in the role of genomics variation on phenotypic diversity,which potentially hinders precision medicine.This article aims to revisit the abundance of eQTL across diverse populations and provide an overview of their impact from the population and evolutionary genetics perspective,subsequently discuss their influence on phenomics,as well as challenges and opportunities in the applications to precision medicine.展开更多
The present review is aimed at providing a comprehensive summary on the botany,utility,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical trials of Morus alba(mulberry or sang shu).The mulberry foliage has remained the primary ...The present review is aimed at providing a comprehensive summary on the botany,utility,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical trials of Morus alba(mulberry or sang shu).The mulberry foliage has remained the primary food for silkworms for centuries.Its leaves have also been used as animal feed for livestock and its fruits have been made into a variety of food products.With flavonoids as major constituents,mulberry leaves possess various biological activities,including antioxidant,antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-diabetic,glucosidase inhibition,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,cardioprotective,and cognitive enhancement activities.Rich in anthocyanins and alkaloids,mulberry fruits have pharmacological properties,such as antioxidant,anti-diabetic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,and hepatoprotective activities.The root bark of mulberry,containing flavonoids,alkaloids and stilbenoids,has antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.Other pharmacological properties of M.alba include anti-platelet,anxiolytic,anti-asthmatic,anthelmintic,antidepressant,cardioprotective,and immunomodulatory activities.Clinical trials on the efficiency of M.alba extracts in reducing blood glucose and cholesterol levels and enhancing cognitive ability have been conducted.The phytochemistry and pharmacology of the different parts of the mulberry tree confer its traditional and current uses as fodder,food,cosmetics,and medicine.Overall,M.alba is a multi-functional plant with promising medicinal properties.展开更多
Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focus...Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focuses on the anticancer properties of UA against breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC)that are most common among women and men, respectively. In vitro studies have shown that UA inhibited the growth of BC and CRC cell lines through various molecular targets and signaling pathways.There are several in vivo studies on the cytotoxic activity of UA against BC and CRC. UA also inhibits the growth of other types of cancer. Studies on structural modifications of UA have shown that the –OH groups at C3 and at C28 are critical factors influencing the cytotoxic activity of UA and its derivatives.Some needs for future research are suggested. Sources of information were from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO2)is one of the commonly emitted gaseous by-products in industrial processes.While CO2 gas is the main cause to greenhouse effect,various CO2 capture technologies have been proposed and implemented to...Carbon dioxide(CO2)is one of the commonly emitted gaseous by-products in industrial processes.While CO2 gas is the main cause to greenhouse effect,various CO2 capture technologies have been proposed and implemented to sequester the CO2 before the waste gases being released into the atmosphere.One of the mature technologies for CO2 absorption is by using amine-based solvents.In this regard,different single amine solvents or blended amine solvents have been proven for their capability to remove CO2.However,the dissolution and reaction of CO2 gas with the amine solvents turn the solution corrosive.Such phenomenon is undesired as it posts corrosion problem to the absorption column,which normally built of carbon steel material.Henceforth,understanding the behaviour of different amine-based solvents in absorbing CO2 and its subsequent impact on carbon steel corrosion is very significant.In this review article,we will outline some of the more commonly used solvents and their respective advantages and disadvantages,motivating further investigation into the corrosion tendency.Meanwhile,existing gaps in this research area are discussed for future investigation.展开更多
This short review provides an update of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of casticin from Vitex species. Casticin is a polymethylflavone with three rings, an orthocatechol moiety, a double bond,two hydr...This short review provides an update of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of casticin from Vitex species. Casticin is a polymethylflavone with three rings, an orthocatechol moiety, a double bond,two hydroxyl groups and four methoxyl groups. Casticin has been isolated from various tissues of plants in the Vitex genus： fruits and leaves of V. trifolia, aerial parts and seeds of V. agnus-castus and leaves of V.negundo. Studies have reported the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of casticin from Vitex species.The compound is effective against many cancer cell lines via different molecular mechanisms. Studies have also affirmed the anti-inflammatory properties of casticin, with several molecular mechanisms identified. Other pharmacological properties include anti-asthmatic, tracheospasmolytic, analgesic, antihyperprolactinemia, immunomodulatory, opioidergic, oestrogenic, anti-angiogenic, antiglioma, lung injury protection, rheumatoid arthritis amelioration and liver fibrosis attenuation activities. Clinical trials and commercial use of the casticin-rich fruit extract of V. agnus-castus among women with premenstrual syndrome were briefly discussed.展开更多
基金funded by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2024/ICT02/UCSI/02/1).
文摘Accurate estimation of photovoltaic(PV)parameters is essential for optimizing solar module perfor-mance and enhancing resource efficiency in renewable energy systems.This study presents a process innovation by introducing,for the first time,the Triangulation Topology Aggregation Optimizer(TTAO)integrated with parallel computing to address PV parameter estimation challenges.The effectiveness and robustness of TTAO are rigorously evaluated using two standard benchmark datasets(KC200GT and R.T.C.France solar cells)and a real-world dataset(Poly70W solar module)under single-,double-,and triple-diode configurations.Results show that TTAO consistently achieves superior accuracy by producing the lowest RMSE values and faster convergence compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms.In addition,the integration of parallel computing significantly enhances computational efficiency,reducing execution time by up to 85%without compromising accuracy.Validation using real-world data further demonstrates TTAO’s adaptability and practical relevance in renewable energy systems,effectively bridging the gap between theoretical modeling and real-world implementation for PV system monitoring and optimization,contributing to climate mitigation through improved solar energy performance.
基金funded and supported by the UCSI University Research Excellence&Innovation Grant(REIG),REIG-ICSDI-2024/044.
文摘In the rapidly evolving landscape of intelligent transportation systems,the security and authenticity of vehicular communication have emerged as critical challenges.As vehicles become increasingly interconnected,the need for robust authentication mechanisms to safeguard against cyber threats and ensure trust in an autonomous ecosystem becomes essential.On the other hand,using intelligence in the authentication system is a significant attraction.While existing surveys broadly address vehicular security,a critical gap remains in the systematic exploration of Deep Learning(DL)-based authentication methods tailored to these communication paradigms.This survey fills that gap by offering a comprehensive analysis of DL techniques—including supervised,unsupervised,reinforcement,and hybrid learning—for vehicular authentication.This survey highlights novel contributions,such as a taxonomy of DL-driven authentication protocols,real-world case studies,and a critical evaluation of scalability and privacy-preserving techniques.Additionally,this paper identifies unresolved challenges,such as adversarial resilience and real-time processing constraints,and proposes actionable future directions,including lightweight model optimization and blockchain integration.By grounding the discussion in concrete applications,such as biometric authentication for driver safety and adaptive key management for infrastructure security,this survey bridges theoretical advancements with practical deployment needs,offering a roadmap for next-generation secure intelligent vehicular ecosystems for the modern world.
文摘Background:Communication barriers are a critical yet underexplored determinant of psychological well-being in oncology care,particularly among rural Chinese patients treated in urban hospitals.This study examined how Mandarin proficiency influences emotional distress and identified implications for mental health promotion.Methods:A sequential mixed-methods design was adopted.Quantitative data were collected from 180 rural cancer patients using the Putonghua Proficiency Test(PSC),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and the Distress Thermometer(DT).Multiple linear regressions estimated covariate-adjusted associations between Mandarin proficiency and distress outcomes,controlling for demographic and clinical factors.Semi-structured interviews with 20 patients explored communication experiences and psychosocial impacts.Quantitative and qualitative findings were integrated for triangulated interpretation.Results:Lower Mandarin proficiency was significantly associated with higher anxiety(β=−0.30,p=0.001),depression(β=−0.25,p=0.01),and distress(β=−0.28,p=0.003),with an adjusted R^(2)=0.18(F=7.4,p<0.001).Each 10-point increase in PSC corresponded to a 0.5-point reduction in DT score(B=−0.05,p=0.003).Qualitative themes revealed confusion,stigma,isolation,and reliance on family interpreters,confirming that linguistic inequity functions as an independent psychosocial stressor in oncology care.Conclusion:Language barriers significantly heighten distress among rural Chinese cancer patients.Addressing these barriers through interpreter services,culturally responsive staff training,and inclusive educational materials should be recognized as a core strategy for mental health promotion and equitable cancer care.
文摘Amidst the unique challenges faced by rural educators is their sense of decent work influenced by levels of social support,career self-efficacy,and marginalization.To investigate these relationships,we surveyed 435 rural school teachers(females=69.32%,mean years teaching experience=13.6,SD=7.7 years).The Structural Equation Modeling results indicated that social support positively predicts teachers’perceptions of decent work.Career self-efficacy mediated the relationship between social support and a higher sense of decent work,while marginalization mediated the relationship such that lower social support predicted lower perceptions of decent work.Career self-efficacy and marginalization also had a sequential mediation relationship:higher social support enhanced career self-efficacy,which in turn reduced marginalization experiences,ultimately improving teachers’perceptions of decent work.These findings align with the predictions of Social Cognitive Career Theory and the Psychology of Working Theory,demonstrating that environmental supports enhance personal psychological resources,reduce marginalization risks,and promote positive work-related outcomes.The study findings highlight the necessity for education departments to improve rural teachers’perceptions of decent work by providing social support to foster positive work experiences for teachers at high risk for marginalization and diminished career self-efficacy.
文摘This study investigated the role of intentional self-regulation and the moderating role of peer relationship in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement.The study sample comprised 540 Chinese senior secondary school students between the ages of 15–18(51.67%boys;Mage=16.56 years;SDage=0.90).They completed surveys on the Teacher-Student Relationship Scale,the Selection,Optimization,and Compensation(SOC)Scale,the Peer Relationship Scale for Children and Adolescents,and the Learning Engagement Scale.The results following regression analysis showed that teacher-student relationship predicted higher learning engagement among senior secondary school students.Intentional self-regulation partially mediated the link between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement for higher learning engagement.Peer relationship moderated the relationships between teacher-student relationship and learning engagement and moderated the relationship between teacher-student relationship and intentional self-regulation for higher learning engagement.Thesefindings imply learning engagement can be enhanced by optimizing teacher-student relationship and strengthening intentional self-regulation interventions.
文摘This review provided an updated synthesis of current knowledge regarding the processing, chemical constituents, pharmacological properties, and clinical applications of white tea (Camellia sinensis), commonly known as WT. Information was collated from reliable sources, including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, PubChem, J-Stage, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). In China, WT, referred to as “Bai Cha”, is a prized spring tea harvested during early spring when the young tea plant leaf buds are still covered with delicate, downy white hairs. Fujian Province serves as the primary production region. WT processing is minimal, involving withering as the most crucial step, followed by drying. This simple process preserves its unique qualities and chemical integrity. The dominant phenolic compounds in WT are flavonoids, including catechins, dimeric catechins, flavones, flavonols, and flavanones. Additional constituents encompass phenolic acids, alkaloids, glycosides, and amino acids. These bioactive compounds contribute to WT’s diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, and male reproductive health benefits. To date, seven clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of WT. These include two studies each on its use as a mouth rinse and its anti-obesity effects, and one study each focusing on its applications in managing diabetes, periodontitis, and depression. Perspectives on WT’s broader implications and opportunities for future research are also explored, highlighting its potential for expanded therapeutic applications.
基金upported by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE),Malaysia,through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(No.FRGS/1/2022/SKK10/UTAR/02/1)the Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman,Malaysia,through UTAR-Research Fund(No.IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2024-C1/L04)。
文摘Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a bioactive polyphenol abundant in green tea,has garnered significant attention for its diverse therapeutic applications,ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects to potential anticancer properties.Despite its immense promise,the practical utilization of EGCG in therapeutic settings as a medication has been hampered by inherent limitations of this drug,including poor bioavailability,instability,and rapid degradation.This review comprehensively explores the current challenges associated with the application of EGCG and evaluates the potential of nanoparticle-based formulations in addressing these limitations.Nanoparticles,with their unique physicochemical properties,offer a platform for the enhanced stability,bioavailability,and targeted delivery of EGCG.Various nanoparticle strategies,including polymeric nanoparticle,micelle,lipid-based nanocarrier,metal nanoparticle,and silica nanoparticle,are currently employed to enhance EGCG stability and pharmacological activity.This review concludes that the particle sizes of most of these formulated nanocarriers fall within 300 nm and their encapsulation efficiency ranges from 51%to 97%.Notably,the pharmacological activities of EGCG-loaded nanoparticles,such as antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,anticancer,and antimicrobial effects,are significantly enhanced compared to those of free EGCG.By critically analyzing the existing literature and highlighting recent advancements,this article provides valuable insights into the promising prospects of nanoparticle-mediated EGCG formulations,paving the way for the development of more effective and clinically viable therapeutic strategies.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE),Malaysia,through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2022/SKK10/UTAR/02/1)Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman,Malaysia,through UTAR-Research Grant(IPSR/RMC/UTARRF/2024-C1/L04)。
文摘Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG),a prominent plant-based catechin predominantly derived from Camellia sinensis and widely available on the market as a health supplement,has garnered significant attention for its potential therapeutic benefits,particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).This review explores the multifaceted role of EGCG in addressing the“ominous octet”—the 8 core pathophysiological defects associated with T2DM.The literature search was carried out using key terms“EGCG”OR“epigallocatechin-3-gallate”OR“epigallocatechin gallate”AND“diabetes”OR“insulin resistance”OR“hyperglycemia”in the PubMed and Scopus databases.The search was constrained to articles published between January 2018 and April 2024,focusing on the document type.Full-text articles published in English and relevant to EGCG that featured a single active ingredient,included clearly explained diabetes relief mechanism,and included ominous octet aspects were included in the final review.The outcomes of the included studies were reviewed and categorized based on 8 core pathophysiological defects,collectively referred to as the ominous octet in T2DM.This review concludes that EGCG is a potent hypoglycemic agent that has beneficial effects against the ominous octet in addition to its pharmacological activities in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis,carbohydrate digestion and metabolism,glucose transporter-mediated intestinal glucose-uptake,endothelial dysfunction,and renal damage that are significantly associated with pathogenesis of T2DM.This extensive scientific evidence suggests that EGCG may offer a novel approach to traditional antidiabetic therapies,potentially improving glycemic control and mitigating complications associated with T2DM.The inhibitory effects of EGCG on sodium-glucose transport proteins and their role in reducing renal glucose reabsorption remain unexplored,highlighting a significant research gap.Future research should also aim to broaden the scope by investigating the “egregious eleven,”which comprise a more comprehensive range of diabetic pathophysiological features.This review underscores the therapeutic promise of EGCG for managing T2DM and encourages ongoing research to fully elucidate its clinical applications.
文摘The 5th International Polar Year(IPY-5)2032-2033 is the next step with the“oldest continuous climate research program created by humanity”,which started in 1882-1883 with IPY-1 intentionally during a Solar Maximum after the“Little Ice Age”had impacted Europe across the previous four centuries.IPY-5 is a rare research opportunity to stimulate transdisciplinary initiatives with efficiencies and synergies that are relevant to all people and life on Earth pole-to-pole,across the cryosphere that includes high mountains on lands in between,connected by the atmosphere and ocean with Solar forcing across periods relevant to human survival.This editorial explores current and accelerating momentum to implement science with society across the International Decade of Sciences for Sustainable Development(IDSSD)2024-2033 with IPY-5 as a guiding light.
文摘Insulin plays a crucial role in the metabolic priming and proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs).However,insulin resistance(IR)is associated with impaired NSC proliferation and cognitive dysfunction,which are the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders(PDs).In addition to insulin,de novo lipogenesis(DNL)also plays an essential role in NSC proliferation and function as it supplies fatty acids for membrane phospholipid synthesis and cell signaling.However,enhanced DNL is associated with lipid/fatty acid accumulation,IR,and impaired NSC proliferation.Intriguingly,data from lipidomic studies suggest that DNL could be enhanced before the onset of classical symptoms in patients with PDs.Further,evidence suggests that patients with PDs may develop IR during childhood or before adolescence;therefore,DNL could be enhanced preceding the development of IR.Regarding treatment,while most antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs have been shown to further deteriorate IR and stimulate DNL,various adjunctive drugs/therapies,including chemical,physical,and stem cell therapy,which have shown promising success in treating PDs,reduce DNL while enhancing insulin sensitivity,NSC proliferation,and cognitive function in laboratory animals.Preliminary clinical outcomes and future prospects of these adjunctive drugs/therapies,especially stem cell therapy in treating PDs including schizophrenia and depression,are discussed.
文摘Traditional studies on transforming selenate and selenite are often limited by static measurements and low spatial resolution.They do not fully consider the impact of moisture content.This paper uses the DGT(diffusive gradients in thin films)technique to deeply explore how moisture changes affect the transformation of selenate and selenite in the environment(changes in properties over time).First,representative soil samples(loess)are prepared,and their moisture content is adjusted.Fixed concentrations of selenate and selenite are added,and then the DGT device simulates their migration in the natural environment.The experiment covers drought,moisture,and high moisture environments,and the experiment is repeated under each condition to ensure the accuracy of the data.The sample quality is verified and further analyzed by ion chromatography(IC)and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS).This article uses DGT technology to study the influence of moisture content on the migration and transformation of selenate and selenite in soil.Results indicate that increased moisture content leads to higher concentrations,diffusion rates,and DGT capture efficiency of both selenium species,highlighting the importance of moisture in their environmental behavior.When the moisture content increased from 25%to 65%,the coefficient of variation of selenate and selenite increased.The DGT technique proved effective in capturing spatial heterogeneity and providing high-precision measurements,offering robust data to advance research on selenium behavior in soils.
文摘The effects of long-term moisture changes on the migration,release,and bioavailability of selenium in soil are complex.Due to the lack of effective monitoring methods for precise quantification,its dynamic behavior is still unclear.Based on the DGT(Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films)technology,this study sets up three moisture control scenarios:continuous wet,wet-dry alternating,and continuous dry,and carries out a 6-month soil moisture control experiment.In the experiment,the DGT device collected the diffusion gradient data of soil selenium under different scenarios,and analyzed the migration characteristics of selenium in combination with the adsorption isotherm.Meanwhile,the release rate,migration coefficient,and bioavailability parameters of selenium are calculated by fitting the first-order kinetic model,further verifying the reliability and applicability of the DGT data.The experimental results demonstrate that under continuous wet conditions,the release rate of soil selenium reaches 1.85µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),with a migration coefficient of 0.012 cm^(2)·h^(-1)and a bioavailability parameter of 0.74;under wet-dry alternating conditions,they are 1.42µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),0.01 cm^(2)·h^(-1),and 0.68,respectively;under continuous dry conditions,the release rate of soil selenium is the smallest,at 0.88µg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1),with a migration coefficient of 0.004 cm^(-2)·h^(-1)and a bioavailability parameter of 0.5.The results of this experiment reveal the dynamic behavior of soil selenium under different moisture conditions and reflect the high efficiency of DGT technology in dynamic monitoring and quantitative analysis of soil selenium behavior,providing a scientific basis for the optimal management of rhizosphere soil selenium.
文摘Abiotic stresses such as drought,heat,salinity,and heavy metal contamination severely affect global agricultural productivity.Between 2005 and 2015,droughts caused losses of approximately USD 29 billion in developing countries,and from 2008 to 2018,droughts accounted for over 34%of crop and livestock yield losses,totaling about USD 37 billion.To support the growing human population,agricultural output must increase substantially,necessitating a 60%–100%rise in crop productivity to meet the escalating demand.To address environmental challenges,organic,inorganic,and microbial biostimulants are increasingly employed to enhance plant resilience through various morphological,physiological,and biochemical modifications.Plant biostimulants enhance plant resilience under abiotic stress through mechanisms such as abscisic acid signaling modulation,which regulates stomatal closure to reduce water loss during drought and heat stress.Additionally,they aid in scavenging reactive oxygen species and stabilizing ion channels,mitigating oxidative damage,and maintaining ionic balance under stress conditions such as salinity.This review summarizes recent advancements in applying these biostimulants,focusing on their roles in triggering morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular changes that collectively enhance plant resilience under stress conditions.It also includes a bibliometric analysis of all articles published on biostimulants from 2019 to 2024 and explores future research directions.Emphasis was placed on optimizing biostimulant formulations and understanding their synergistic effects to maximize their efficacy under various stress conditions.By integrating biostimulants into agricultural practices,we can adopt a sustainable strategy to safeguard crop productivity in the face of climate change and environmental stressors.
基金supported in part by Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(2022AH051921)Science Research Project of Bengbu University(2024YYX47pj,2024YYX48pj)+8 种基金Anhui Province Excellent Research and Innovation Team in Intelligent Manufacturing and Information Technology(2023AH052938)Big Data and Machine Learning Research Team(BBXYKYTDxj05)Funding Project for the Cultivation of Outstanding Talents in Colleges and Universities(gxyqZD2021135)the Key Scientific Research Projects of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(2022AH051376)Start Up Funds for Scientific Research of High-Level Talents of Bengbu University(BBXY2020KYQD02)Scientific Research and Development Fund of Suzhou University(2021fzjj29)Research on Grain Logistics Data Processing and Safety Issues(ALAQ202401017)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization(SKLTOF20220131)funded by the Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-102),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘With the advancements of the next-generation communication networking and Internet ofThings(IoT)technologies,a variety of computation-intensive applications(e.g.,autonomous driving and face recognition)have emerged.The execution of these IoT applications demands a lot of computing resources.Nevertheless,terminal devices(TDs)usually do not have sufficient computing resources to process these applications.Offloading IoT applications to be processed by mobile edge computing(MEC)servers with more computing resources provides a promising way to address this issue.While a significant number of works have studied task offloading,only a few of them have considered the security issue.This study investigates the problem of spectrum allocation and security-sensitive task offloading in an MEC system.Dynamic voltage scaling(DVS)technology is applied by TDs to reduce energy consumption and computing time.To guarantee data security during task offloading,we use AES cryptographic technique.The studied problem is formulated as an optimization problem and solved by our proposed efficient offloading scheme.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can reduce system cost while guaranteeing data security.
文摘The exponential growth of data in recent years has introduced significant challenges in managing high-dimensional datasets,particularly in industrial contexts where efficient data handling and process innovation are critical.Feature selection,an essential step in data-driven process innovation,aims to identify the most relevant features to improve model interpretability,reduce complexity,and enhance predictive accuracy.To address the limitations of existing feature selection methods,this study introduces a novel wrapper-based feature selection framework leveraging the recently proposed Arctic Puffin Optimization(APO)algorithm.Specifically,we incorporate a specialized conversion mechanism to effectively adapt APO from continuous optimization to discrete,binary feature selection problems.Moreover,we introduce a fully parallelized implementation of APO in which both the search operators and fitness evaluations are executed concurrently using MATLAB’s Parallel Computing Toolbox.This parallel design significantly improves runtime efficiency and scalability,particularly for high-dimensional feature spaces.Extensive comparative experiments conducted against 14 state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms across 15 benchmark datasets reveal that the proposed APO-based method consistently achieves superior classification accuracy while selecting fewer features.These findings highlight the robustness and effectiveness of APO,validating its potential for advancing process innovation,economic productivity and smart city application in real-world machine learning scenarios.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)Malaysia through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)with project code:FRGS/1/2021/STG01/UCSI/01/.SX was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)grants 32030020 and 32288101funded by the NSFC grant 32270665.
文摘Evidence has shown that differential transcriptomic profiles among human populations from diverse ancestries,supporting the role of genetic architecture in regulating gene expression alongside environmental stimuli.Genetic variants that regulate gene expression,known as expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL),are primarily shaped by human migration history and evolutionary forces,likewise,regulation of gene expression in principle could have been influenced by these events.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of how human evolution impacts eQTL offers important insights into how phenotypic diversity is shaped.Recent studies,however,suggest that eQTL is enriched in genes that are selectively constrained.Whether eQTL is minimally affected by selective pressures remains an open question and requires comprehensive investigations.In addition,such studies are primarily dominated by the major populations of European ancestry,leaving many marginalized populations underrepresented.These observations indicate there exists a fundamental knowledge gap in the role of genomics variation on phenotypic diversity,which potentially hinders precision medicine.This article aims to revisit the abundance of eQTL across diverse populations and provide an overview of their impact from the population and evolutionary genetics perspective,subsequently discuss their influence on phenomics,as well as challenges and opportunities in the applications to precision medicine.
文摘The present review is aimed at providing a comprehensive summary on the botany,utility,phytochemistry,pharmacology,and clinical trials of Morus alba(mulberry or sang shu).The mulberry foliage has remained the primary food for silkworms for centuries.Its leaves have also been used as animal feed for livestock and its fruits have been made into a variety of food products.With flavonoids as major constituents,mulberry leaves possess various biological activities,including antioxidant,antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-diabetic,glucosidase inhibition,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,cardioprotective,and cognitive enhancement activities.Rich in anthocyanins and alkaloids,mulberry fruits have pharmacological properties,such as antioxidant,anti-diabetic,anti-atherosclerotic,anti-obesity,and hepatoprotective activities.The root bark of mulberry,containing flavonoids,alkaloids and stilbenoids,has antimicrobial,skin-whitening,cytotoxic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.Other pharmacological properties of M.alba include anti-platelet,anxiolytic,anti-asthmatic,anthelmintic,antidepressant,cardioprotective,and immunomodulatory activities.Clinical trials on the efficiency of M.alba extracts in reducing blood glucose and cholesterol levels and enhancing cognitive ability have been conducted.The phytochemistry and pharmacology of the different parts of the mulberry tree confer its traditional and current uses as fodder,food,cosmetics,and medicine.Overall,M.alba is a multi-functional plant with promising medicinal properties.
基金funding from UCSI University (Proj-In-FAS-049 Proj-In-FAS-052)+1 种基金the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE),Malaysia (FRGS/2/2014/SG01/UCSI/02/2 FRGS/1/2018/TK10/UCSI/02/1) for supporting our research group
文摘Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focuses on the anticancer properties of UA against breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC)that are most common among women and men, respectively. In vitro studies have shown that UA inhibited the growth of BC and CRC cell lines through various molecular targets and signaling pathways.There are several in vivo studies on the cytotoxic activity of UA against BC and CRC. UA also inhibits the growth of other types of cancer. Studies on structural modifications of UA have shown that the –OH groups at C3 and at C28 are critical factors influencing the cytotoxic activity of UA and its derivatives.Some needs for future research are suggested. Sources of information were from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed.
基金the financial support from UCSI University through Pioneer Scientist Incentive Fund(PSIF)with project code Proj-In-FETBE-041。
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO2)is one of the commonly emitted gaseous by-products in industrial processes.While CO2 gas is the main cause to greenhouse effect,various CO2 capture technologies have been proposed and implemented to sequester the CO2 before the waste gases being released into the atmosphere.One of the mature technologies for CO2 absorption is by using amine-based solvents.In this regard,different single amine solvents or blended amine solvents have been proven for their capability to remove CO2.However,the dissolution and reaction of CO2 gas with the amine solvents turn the solution corrosive.Such phenomenon is undesired as it posts corrosion problem to the absorption column,which normally built of carbon steel material.Henceforth,understanding the behaviour of different amine-based solvents in absorbing CO2 and its subsequent impact on carbon steel corrosion is very significant.In this review article,we will outline some of the more commonly used solvents and their respective advantages and disadvantages,motivating further investigation into the corrosion tendency.Meanwhile,existing gaps in this research area are discussed for future investigation.
文摘This short review provides an update of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of casticin from Vitex species. Casticin is a polymethylflavone with three rings, an orthocatechol moiety, a double bond,two hydroxyl groups and four methoxyl groups. Casticin has been isolated from various tissues of plants in the Vitex genus： fruits and leaves of V. trifolia, aerial parts and seeds of V. agnus-castus and leaves of V.negundo. Studies have reported the antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of casticin from Vitex species.The compound is effective against many cancer cell lines via different molecular mechanisms. Studies have also affirmed the anti-inflammatory properties of casticin, with several molecular mechanisms identified. Other pharmacological properties include anti-asthmatic, tracheospasmolytic, analgesic, antihyperprolactinemia, immunomodulatory, opioidergic, oestrogenic, anti-angiogenic, antiglioma, lung injury protection, rheumatoid arthritis amelioration and liver fibrosis attenuation activities. Clinical trials and commercial use of the casticin-rich fruit extract of V. agnus-castus among women with premenstrual syndrome were briefly discussed.
