Neuronanomedicine is a promising interdisciplinary field combining two critical fields,neuroscience and nanotechnology.This study focuses on the engineering of magnetized nanoparticles(MNPs)in diagnosing and treating ...Neuronanomedicine is a promising interdisciplinary field combining two critical fields,neuroscience and nanotechnology.This study focuses on the engineering of magnetized nanoparticles(MNPs)in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders and brain cancer.Additionally,this mechanism enhances the effectiveness of magnetic-guided drug delivery.The alternating magnetic field is applied to control the directions of the MNPs to target the tumor cells.This study approaches the radiotherapy techniques of magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT),wherein the thermal radiative heat transfer effect is applied to achieve homogenous heating to destroy cancer cells.MNPs are injected through the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)transport in the glymphatic system.The elastic properties of the cerebral arteries cause peristaltic propulsion for the resulting nanofluid.Therefore,the effective Maxwell model for the nanofluid thermal conductivity is selected.The nanofluid governing equations are solved using the perturbation technique under small wavelength number and long wavelength approximation with small Reynolds number.Additionally,the effects of thermal slip and elastic properties boundary conditions are incorporated.The graphical results for the streamwise velocity,pressure,and temperature distributions are plotted using MATLAB package considering the different effects of the magnetic flux intensity,thermal radiation parameter,thermal slipping at boundaries,elastic wall properties,and nanoparticle concentration.The results demonstrate the strong impact of the magnetic field and radiation heating in terms of enhancing the nanofluid CSF flow behavior and destroying cancer.展开更多
This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs...This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)through the blood vessels of the human body.The rheology of gold-blood nanofluid is treated as magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow with ferromagnetic properties.The AuNPs take different shapes as bricks,cylinders,and platelets which are considered in changing the nanofluid flow behavior.Physiologically,the blood is circulated under the kinetics of the peristaltic action.The mixed properties of the slip flow,the gravity,the space porosity,the transverse ferromagnetic field,the thermal radiation,the nanoparticles shape factors,the peristaltic amplitude ratio,and the concentration of the AuNPs are interacted and analyzed for the gold-blood circulation in the inclined tube.The appropriate model for the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is chosen to be the effective Hamilton-Crosser model.The undertaken nanofluid can be treated as incompressible non-Newtonian ferromagnetic fluid.The solutions of the partial differential governing equations of the MHD nanofluid flow are executed by the strategy of perturbation approach under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number.Graphs for the streamwise velocity distributions,temperature distributions,pressure gradients,pressure drops,and streamlines are presented under the influences of the pertinent properties.The practical implementation of this research finds application in treating cancer through a technique known as photothermal therapy(PTT).The results indicate the control role of the magnetism,the heat generation,the shape factors of the AuNPs,and its concentration on the enhancement of the thermal properties and the streamwise velocity of the nanofluid.The results reveal a marked enhancement in the temperature profiles of the nanofluid,prominently influenced by both the intensified heat source and the heightened volume fractions of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,the platelet shape is regarded as most advantageous for heat conduction owing to its highest effective thermal conductivity.AuNPs proved strong efficiency in delivering and targeting the drug to reach the affected area with tumors.These results offer valuable insights into evaluating the effectiveness of PTT in addressing diverse cancer conditions and regulating their progression.展开更多
Increasing concern over the amount of insecticide residues in food has encouraged research for ecologically sound strategies to effectively manage stored-product insect pests and protect living organisms and the envir...Increasing concern over the amount of insecticide residues in food has encouraged research for ecologically sound strategies to effectively manage stored-product insect pests and protect living organisms and the environment. Botanicals were evaluated as potential alternatives to control maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, in stored sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Beetles and moths of stored grain at farm and consumer levels damage 5 - 35% worldwide and >40% in tropical countries. Maize weevil is the most damaging storage insect of sorghum grain. Management of storage insects relies on insecticides that leave residues in food and the environment. Treatments were powders of neem bark, Azadirachta indica;mesquite pods, Prosopis glandulosa;milkweed leaves, Asclepias speciosa;and a check (no botanical powder). Eight newly emerged maize weevils were provided 5 g of Malisor-84 grain treated with three doses of each plant powder. Every 2 days, data were recorded on the number of adults killed by each treatment. Percentage killed was calculated by dose per treatment and compared with the check. Grain loss was calculated based on initial and final weights. LD50 was determined by probit analysis, and associations between variables were assessed by simple linear correlation. Powder of mesquite and milkweed at 0.2 g were more effective than neem or the check in killing S. zeamais (>90%) and reducing grain damage (34 - 35.2%) and weight loss (0.8%). Milkweed at 0.1 g and neem at 0.2 g killed 78.1% of weevils. Neem at 0.05 g was slow acting, resulting in 62.5% dead and more grain damage (59.5%) and weight loss (3.6%). Botanicals at low doses (LD50 = 0.2 - 0.4 g) showed efficacy in controlling maize weevils and are recommended alternatives to guarantee quantity and quality of stored cereal grains.展开更多
Sorghum breeding significantly relies on the understanding of genetic diversity dynamics. Despite its importance, research on the geographical distribution of essential agro-morphological and phenological traits for a...Sorghum breeding significantly relies on the understanding of genetic diversity dynamics. Despite its importance, research on the geographical distribution of essential agro-morphological and phenological traits for achieving targeted breeding outcomes has been limited. This paper presents an analysis of five key traits—stem flavor, days to 50% maturity, plant height, grain color, and grain size—across 483 germplasm samples from 71 villages in Niger, based on data collected during a 2003 survey. The primary aim is to map the geographical distribution of these traits. The findings, illustrated on a map of Niger, provide insights into the regional distribution of these characteristics, aiding breeders and agronomists in understanding trait combinations for developing new sorghum varieties.展开更多
The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic v...The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic vulnerability and resilience in the country.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the damage on the built environment,emergency response,recovery and reconstruction efforts,regulatory evolution,and institu-tional reforms that followed these events.Key topics include the performance of self-built housing and essential infrastructure,the challenges of decentralized building codes and their uneven development and enforcement,the role of civil society,private sector and media in disaster response,and the implementation of the National Reconstruction Program.Advances in seismic code development-particularly the updated Complementary Technical Norms(CTNs)of Mexico City-and the creation of a dedicated standard for the evaluation and rehabilitation of existing buildings are also discussed.The proposed Construction Law for Mexico City,which aims to assign legal responsibility to stakeholders and formalize the regulatory framework,may serve as a legislative model for other regions.The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of coordination,tech-nical rigor,equity and inclusion in recovery and reconstruction,and public engagement in advancing seismic resilience across diverse urban,semi-urban and rural contexts.展开更多
The environmental impact of combustion gas emissions during the cremation process in the municipality of Tlalmanalco,State of Mexico,was investigated.A TESTO 340 combustion analyzer was used over nine days to evaluate...The environmental impact of combustion gas emissions during the cremation process in the municipality of Tlalmanalco,State of Mexico,was investigated.A TESTO 340 combustion analyzer was used over nine days to evaluate 30 cremation services.The average emission values obtained were 84.03 g/h for NO_(2),7,050.9 g/h for SO_(2),and 46,194.4 g/h for CO.Using this data,the dispersion of these pollutants was analyzed with HYSPLIT software and compared with air quality standards.Results showed that the gases dispersed effectively in the air within 1 h,ensuring no risk to the population.However,CO emissions exceeded the limit set by the NADF-017-AIRE-2017 standard for fixed sources,while NO_(2)emissions remained below the permissible limit.展开更多
Climate change is a pressing global issue primarily driven by increased concentrations of GHGs(Greenhouse Gases)in the atmosphere.GHGs such as CO_(2)(Carbon Dioxide),CH_(4)(Methane),and N_(2)O(Nitrous Oxide)trap solar...Climate change is a pressing global issue primarily driven by increased concentrations of GHGs(Greenhouse Gases)in the atmosphere.GHGs such as CO_(2)(Carbon Dioxide),CH_(4)(Methane),and N_(2)O(Nitrous Oxide)trap solar radiation,contributing to global warming.This study presents a GHG emissions inventory for an agrochemical production plant based on ISO(International Organization for Standardization)14064-1:2018.Emissions from both direct(fuel combustion)and indirect(electricity consumption)sources were quantified.Results indicate that indirect emissions from electricity use account for 91%of total GHGs,while direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion contribute 9%.Electricity consumption emerged as the primary contributor to the plant’s carbon footprint.展开更多
The objective of this study is to establish a thermodynamic model of an ORC(organic Rankine cycle)for power electricity.A case study was proposed in an area where direct solar irradiation is abundant.The number of hel...The objective of this study is to establish a thermodynamic model of an ORC(organic Rankine cycle)for power electricity.A case study was proposed in an area where direct solar irradiation is abundant.The number of heliostats used in the system as a function of the DNI(direct normal irradiation)was studied.The efficiencies of ORC and receiver,the power of turbine,pump,evaporator and receiver as a function of thermodynamic parameters such as temperature,pressure at the level of different components of the system are studied.The results obtained show that the number of heliostats used decreases when the DNI increases.For a DNI of 700 W/m^(2) to 500 W/m^(2),the number of heliostats goes from 280 to 60.ORC efficiency and turbine power increase respectively from 11%to 22%and from 20 kW to 50 kW when the condenser temperature decreases.Also it is noted an increase of receiver efficiency when evaporator temperature increases.展开更多
Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by the dengue virus,with 390 million infections reported annually worldwide.It is classified into two categories:dengue without or with warning signs and severe dengue.[1]Given th...Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by the dengue virus,with 390 million infections reported annually worldwide.It is classified into two categories:dengue without or with warning signs and severe dengue.[1]Given the moderate efficacy of the dengue vaccine,[2]there is an urgent necessity to design host-directed therapeutic strategies,such as the repurposing of FDA-approved drugs,to combat dengue virus infection.展开更多
This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro...This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro cantilever channel,aiming to deepen our understanding of heat transport processes in complex fluid dynamics scenarios.The primary objective is to elucidate how physical operational parameters influence both the velocity of fluid flow and its temperature distribution,utilizing a comprehensive numerical approach.Employing a combination of mathematical modeling techniques,including similarity transformation,this investigation transforms complex partial differential equations into more manageable ordinary ones,subsequently solving them using the homotopy perturbation method.By analyzing the obtained solutions and presenting them graphically,alongside detailed analysis,the study sheds light on the pivotal role of significant parameters in shaping fluid movement and energy distribution.Noteworthy observations reveal a substantial increase in fluid velocity with escalating magnetic parameters,while conversely,a contrasting trend emerges in the temperature distribution,highlighting the intricate relationship between magnetic effects,flow dynamics,and thermal behavior in non-Newtonian fluids.Further,the suction velocity enhance both the local skin friction and Nusselt numbers,whereas theWeissenberg number reduces them,opposite to the effect of the power-law index.展开更多
This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and sol...This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and solved using the finite volume method.The simulations examine the impact of key parameters such as heat source length and position,Peclet number,porosity,and heat generation/absorption on flow patterns,temperature distribution,concentration profiles,and microorganism rotation.Results indicate that extending the heat source length enhances convective currents and heat transfer efficiency,while optimizing the heat source position reduces entropy generation.Higher Peclet numbers amplify convective currents and microorganism distribution complexity.Variations in porosity and heat generation/absorption significantly influence flow dynamics.Additionally,the artificial neural network model reliably predicts the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers(Nu&Sh),demonstrating its effectiveness for such analyses.The simulation results reveal that increasing the heat source length significantly enhances heat transfer,as evidenced by a 15%increase in the mean Nusselt number.展开更多
This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretchi...This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretching sheet embedded within a porous medium,providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between fluid mechanics,thermal transport,and magnetic fields.This study accounts for the significant impact of heat generation and thermal radiation,crucial factors for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in various industrial and technological contexts.The research employs mathematical techniques to simplify complex partial differential equations(PDEs)governing fluid flow and heat transfer.Specifically,suitable similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDEs into a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The homotopy perturbation method(HPM)is employed to derive approximate analytical solutions for the problem.The influences of key parameters,such as magnetic field strength,heat generation,thermal radiation,porosity,and couple stress,on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed and discussed.Findings indicate that the mixed convection parameter positively affects flow velocity,while the magnetic field parameter significantly alters the flow dynamics,exhibiting an inverse relationship.Further,this type of flow behavior model is relevant to real-world systems like cooling of nuclear reactors and oil extraction through porous formations,where magnetic and thermal effects are significant.展开更多
Gastric varices(GVs)are notorious to bleed massively and often difficult to manage with conventional techniques.This mini-review addresses endoscopic management principles for gastric variceal bleeding,including limit...Gastric varices(GVs)are notorious to bleed massively and often difficult to manage with conventional techniques.This mini-review addresses endoscopic management principles for gastric variceal bleeding,including limitations of ligation and sclerotherapy and merits of endoscopic variceal obliteration.The article also discusses how emerging use of endoscopic ultrasound provides optimism of better diagnosis,improved classification,innovative management strategies and confirmatory tool for eradication of GVs.展开更多
Haematuria was known as a benign hallmark of some glomerular diseases, but over the last decade, new evidences pointed its negative implications on kidneydisease progression. Cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress indu...Haematuria was known as a benign hallmark of some glomerular diseases, but over the last decade, new evidences pointed its negative implications on kidneydisease progression. Cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress induced by hemoglobin, heme, or iron released from red blood cells may account for the tubular injury observed in human biopsy specimens. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for haematuria remain unclear. The presence of red blood cells （RBCs） with irregular contours and shape in the urine indicates RBCs egression from the glomerular capillary into the urinary space. Therefore glomerular haematuria may be a marker of glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction or damage. In this review we describe some key issues regarding epidemiology and pathogenesis of haematuric diseases as well as their renal morphological fndings.展开更多
Using animal mesentery with intravital optical microscopy is a well-established experimental model for studying blood and lymph microcirculation in vivo. Recent advances in cell biology and optical techniques provide ...Using animal mesentery with intravital optical microscopy is a well-established experimental model for studying blood and lymph microcirculation in vivo. Recent advances in cell biology and optical techniques provide the basis for extending this model for new applications, which should generate significantly improved experimental data. This review summarizes the achievements in this specific area, including in vivo label-free blood and lymph photothermal flow cytometry, super-sensitive fluorescence image cytometry, light scattering and speckle flow cytometry, microvessel dynamic microscopy, infrared (IR) angiography, and high-speed imaging of individual cells in fast flow. The capabilities of these techniques, using the rat mesentery model, were demonstrated in various studies; e.g., real-time quantitative detection of circulating and migrating individual blood and cancer cells, studies on vascular dynamics with a focus on lymphatics under normal conditions and under different interventions (e.g. lasers, drugs, nicotine), assessment of lymphatic disturbances from experimental lymphedema, monitoring cell traffic between blood and lymph systems, and high-speed imaging of cell transient deformability in flow. In particular, the obtained results demonstrated that individual cell transportation in living organisms depends on cell type (e.g., normal blood or leukemic cells), the cell’s functional state (e.g., live, apoptotic, or necrotic), and the functional status of the organism. Possible future applications, including in vivo early diagnosis and prevention of disease, monitoring immune response and apoptosis, chemo- and radio-sensitivity tests, and drug screening, are also discussed.展开更多
基金Fundación Mujeres por Africa for supporting this work through the fellowship awarded to her。
文摘Neuronanomedicine is a promising interdisciplinary field combining two critical fields,neuroscience and nanotechnology.This study focuses on the engineering of magnetized nanoparticles(MNPs)in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders and brain cancer.Additionally,this mechanism enhances the effectiveness of magnetic-guided drug delivery.The alternating magnetic field is applied to control the directions of the MNPs to target the tumor cells.This study approaches the radiotherapy techniques of magnetic hyperthermia therapy(MHT),wherein the thermal radiative heat transfer effect is applied to achieve homogenous heating to destroy cancer cells.MNPs are injected through the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)transport in the glymphatic system.The elastic properties of the cerebral arteries cause peristaltic propulsion for the resulting nanofluid.Therefore,the effective Maxwell model for the nanofluid thermal conductivity is selected.The nanofluid governing equations are solved using the perturbation technique under small wavelength number and long wavelength approximation with small Reynolds number.Additionally,the effects of thermal slip and elastic properties boundary conditions are incorporated.The graphical results for the streamwise velocity,pressure,and temperature distributions are plotted using MATLAB package considering the different effects of the magnetic flux intensity,thermal radiation parameter,thermal slipping at boundaries,elastic wall properties,and nanoparticle concentration.The results demonstrate the strong impact of the magnetic field and radiation heating in terms of enhancing the nanofluid CSF flow behavior and destroying cancer.
文摘This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)through the blood vessels of the human body.The rheology of gold-blood nanofluid is treated as magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow with ferromagnetic properties.The AuNPs take different shapes as bricks,cylinders,and platelets which are considered in changing the nanofluid flow behavior.Physiologically,the blood is circulated under the kinetics of the peristaltic action.The mixed properties of the slip flow,the gravity,the space porosity,the transverse ferromagnetic field,the thermal radiation,the nanoparticles shape factors,the peristaltic amplitude ratio,and the concentration of the AuNPs are interacted and analyzed for the gold-blood circulation in the inclined tube.The appropriate model for the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is chosen to be the effective Hamilton-Crosser model.The undertaken nanofluid can be treated as incompressible non-Newtonian ferromagnetic fluid.The solutions of the partial differential governing equations of the MHD nanofluid flow are executed by the strategy of perturbation approach under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number.Graphs for the streamwise velocity distributions,temperature distributions,pressure gradients,pressure drops,and streamlines are presented under the influences of the pertinent properties.The practical implementation of this research finds application in treating cancer through a technique known as photothermal therapy(PTT).The results indicate the control role of the magnetism,the heat generation,the shape factors of the AuNPs,and its concentration on the enhancement of the thermal properties and the streamwise velocity of the nanofluid.The results reveal a marked enhancement in the temperature profiles of the nanofluid,prominently influenced by both the intensified heat source and the heightened volume fractions of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,the platelet shape is regarded as most advantageous for heat conduction owing to its highest effective thermal conductivity.AuNPs proved strong efficiency in delivering and targeting the drug to reach the affected area with tumors.These results offer valuable insights into evaluating the effectiveness of PTT in addressing diverse cancer conditions and regulating their progression.
文摘Increasing concern over the amount of insecticide residues in food has encouraged research for ecologically sound strategies to effectively manage stored-product insect pests and protect living organisms and the environment. Botanicals were evaluated as potential alternatives to control maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, in stored sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Beetles and moths of stored grain at farm and consumer levels damage 5 - 35% worldwide and >40% in tropical countries. Maize weevil is the most damaging storage insect of sorghum grain. Management of storage insects relies on insecticides that leave residues in food and the environment. Treatments were powders of neem bark, Azadirachta indica;mesquite pods, Prosopis glandulosa;milkweed leaves, Asclepias speciosa;and a check (no botanical powder). Eight newly emerged maize weevils were provided 5 g of Malisor-84 grain treated with three doses of each plant powder. Every 2 days, data were recorded on the number of adults killed by each treatment. Percentage killed was calculated by dose per treatment and compared with the check. Grain loss was calculated based on initial and final weights. LD50 was determined by probit analysis, and associations between variables were assessed by simple linear correlation. Powder of mesquite and milkweed at 0.2 g were more effective than neem or the check in killing S. zeamais (>90%) and reducing grain damage (34 - 35.2%) and weight loss (0.8%). Milkweed at 0.1 g and neem at 0.2 g killed 78.1% of weevils. Neem at 0.05 g was slow acting, resulting in 62.5% dead and more grain damage (59.5%) and weight loss (3.6%). Botanicals at low doses (LD50 = 0.2 - 0.4 g) showed efficacy in controlling maize weevils and are recommended alternatives to guarantee quantity and quality of stored cereal grains.
文摘Sorghum breeding significantly relies on the understanding of genetic diversity dynamics. Despite its importance, research on the geographical distribution of essential agro-morphological and phenological traits for achieving targeted breeding outcomes has been limited. This paper presents an analysis of five key traits—stem flavor, days to 50% maturity, plant height, grain color, and grain size—across 483 germplasm samples from 71 villages in Niger, based on data collected during a 2003 survey. The primary aim is to map the geographical distribution of these traits. The findings, illustrated on a map of Niger, provide insights into the regional distribution of these characteristics, aiding breeders and agronomists in understanding trait combinations for developing new sorghum varieties.
文摘The September 2017 earthquakes in Mexico,which struck within a twelve-day span and affected regions with vastly different seismic,socioeconomic,and urban characteristics,revealed the multifactorial nature of seismic vulnerability and resilience in the country.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the damage on the built environment,emergency response,recovery and reconstruction efforts,regulatory evolution,and institu-tional reforms that followed these events.Key topics include the performance of self-built housing and essential infrastructure,the challenges of decentralized building codes and their uneven development and enforcement,the role of civil society,private sector and media in disaster response,and the implementation of the National Reconstruction Program.Advances in seismic code development-particularly the updated Complementary Technical Norms(CTNs)of Mexico City-and the creation of a dedicated standard for the evaluation and rehabilitation of existing buildings are also discussed.The proposed Construction Law for Mexico City,which aims to assign legal responsibility to stakeholders and formalize the regulatory framework,may serve as a legislative model for other regions.The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of coordination,tech-nical rigor,equity and inclusion in recovery and reconstruction,and public engagement in advancing seismic resilience across diverse urban,semi-urban and rural contexts.
文摘The environmental impact of combustion gas emissions during the cremation process in the municipality of Tlalmanalco,State of Mexico,was investigated.A TESTO 340 combustion analyzer was used over nine days to evaluate 30 cremation services.The average emission values obtained were 84.03 g/h for NO_(2),7,050.9 g/h for SO_(2),and 46,194.4 g/h for CO.Using this data,the dispersion of these pollutants was analyzed with HYSPLIT software and compared with air quality standards.Results showed that the gases dispersed effectively in the air within 1 h,ensuring no risk to the population.However,CO emissions exceeded the limit set by the NADF-017-AIRE-2017 standard for fixed sources,while NO_(2)emissions remained below the permissible limit.
文摘Climate change is a pressing global issue primarily driven by increased concentrations of GHGs(Greenhouse Gases)in the atmosphere.GHGs such as CO_(2)(Carbon Dioxide),CH_(4)(Methane),and N_(2)O(Nitrous Oxide)trap solar radiation,contributing to global warming.This study presents a GHG emissions inventory for an agrochemical production plant based on ISO(International Organization for Standardization)14064-1:2018.Emissions from both direct(fuel combustion)and indirect(electricity consumption)sources were quantified.Results indicate that indirect emissions from electricity use account for 91%of total GHGs,while direct emissions from fossil fuel combustion contribute 9%.Electricity consumption emerged as the primary contributor to the plant’s carbon footprint.
文摘The objective of this study is to establish a thermodynamic model of an ORC(organic Rankine cycle)for power electricity.A case study was proposed in an area where direct solar irradiation is abundant.The number of heliostats used in the system as a function of the DNI(direct normal irradiation)was studied.The efficiencies of ORC and receiver,the power of turbine,pump,evaporator and receiver as a function of thermodynamic parameters such as temperature,pressure at the level of different components of the system are studied.The results obtained show that the number of heliostats used decreases when the DNI increases.For a DNI of 700 W/m^(2) to 500 W/m^(2),the number of heliostats goes from 280 to 60.ORC efficiency and turbine power increase respectively from 11%to 22%and from 20 kW to 50 kW when the condenser temperature decreases.Also it is noted an increase of receiver efficiency when evaporator temperature increases.
基金funded by grants Pronaii 302979A1-S-9005 CONACyT (México) from RMDA。
文摘Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by the dengue virus,with 390 million infections reported annually worldwide.It is classified into two categories:dengue without or with warning signs and severe dengue.[1]Given the moderate efficacy of the dengue vaccine,[2]there is an urgent necessity to design host-directed therapeutic strategies,such as the repurposing of FDA-approved drugs,to combat dengue virus infection.
文摘This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro cantilever channel,aiming to deepen our understanding of heat transport processes in complex fluid dynamics scenarios.The primary objective is to elucidate how physical operational parameters influence both the velocity of fluid flow and its temperature distribution,utilizing a comprehensive numerical approach.Employing a combination of mathematical modeling techniques,including similarity transformation,this investigation transforms complex partial differential equations into more manageable ordinary ones,subsequently solving them using the homotopy perturbation method.By analyzing the obtained solutions and presenting them graphically,alongside detailed analysis,the study sheds light on the pivotal role of significant parameters in shaping fluid movement and energy distribution.Noteworthy observations reveal a substantial increase in fluid velocity with escalating magnetic parameters,while conversely,a contrasting trend emerges in the temperature distribution,highlighting the intricate relationship between magnetic effects,flow dynamics,and thermal behavior in non-Newtonian fluids.Further,the suction velocity enhance both the local skin friction and Nusselt numbers,whereas theWeissenberg number reduces them,opposite to the effect of the power-law index.
基金Dean ship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University,Abha,Saudi Arabia,for funding this work through the Research Group Project(Grant No.RGP.2/610/45)funded by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project(Grant No.PNURSP2024R102),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia。
文摘This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and solved using the finite volume method.The simulations examine the impact of key parameters such as heat source length and position,Peclet number,porosity,and heat generation/absorption on flow patterns,temperature distribution,concentration profiles,and microorganism rotation.Results indicate that extending the heat source length enhances convective currents and heat transfer efficiency,while optimizing the heat source position reduces entropy generation.Higher Peclet numbers amplify convective currents and microorganism distribution complexity.Variations in porosity and heat generation/absorption significantly influence flow dynamics.Additionally,the artificial neural network model reliably predicts the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers(Nu&Sh),demonstrating its effectiveness for such analyses.The simulation results reveal that increasing the heat source length significantly enhances heat transfer,as evidenced by a 15%increase in the mean Nusselt number.
文摘This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretching sheet embedded within a porous medium,providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between fluid mechanics,thermal transport,and magnetic fields.This study accounts for the significant impact of heat generation and thermal radiation,crucial factors for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in various industrial and technological contexts.The research employs mathematical techniques to simplify complex partial differential equations(PDEs)governing fluid flow and heat transfer.Specifically,suitable similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDEs into a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The homotopy perturbation method(HPM)is employed to derive approximate analytical solutions for the problem.The influences of key parameters,such as magnetic field strength,heat generation,thermal radiation,porosity,and couple stress,on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed and discussed.Findings indicate that the mixed convection parameter positively affects flow velocity,while the magnetic field parameter significantly alters the flow dynamics,exhibiting an inverse relationship.Further,this type of flow behavior model is relevant to real-world systems like cooling of nuclear reactors and oil extraction through porous formations,where magnetic and thermal effects are significant.
文摘Gastric varices(GVs)are notorious to bleed massively and often difficult to manage with conventional techniques.This mini-review addresses endoscopic management principles for gastric variceal bleeding,including limitations of ligation and sclerotherapy and merits of endoscopic variceal obliteration.The article also discusses how emerging use of endoscopic ultrasound provides optimism of better diagnosis,improved classification,innovative management strategies and confirmatory tool for eradication of GVs.
基金Supported by Grants from FIS (Programa Miguel Servet:CP10/00479,PI13/00802 and PI14/00883)Spanish Society of Nephrology to Moreno JAInstitute of Research Queen Sophia,FRIAT and ISCIII fund PI10/00072 to Egido J.
文摘Haematuria was known as a benign hallmark of some glomerular diseases, but over the last decade, new evidences pointed its negative implications on kidneydisease progression. Cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress induced by hemoglobin, heme, or iron released from red blood cells may account for the tubular injury observed in human biopsy specimens. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for haematuria remain unclear. The presence of red blood cells （RBCs） with irregular contours and shape in the urine indicates RBCs egression from the glomerular capillary into the urinary space. Therefore glomerular haematuria may be a marker of glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction or damage. In this review we describe some key issues regarding epidemiology and pathogenesis of haematuric diseases as well as their renal morphological fndings.
基金Supported by NIH/NIBIB No. EB001858, EB-000873, EB005123
文摘Using animal mesentery with intravital optical microscopy is a well-established experimental model for studying blood and lymph microcirculation in vivo. Recent advances in cell biology and optical techniques provide the basis for extending this model for new applications, which should generate significantly improved experimental data. This review summarizes the achievements in this specific area, including in vivo label-free blood and lymph photothermal flow cytometry, super-sensitive fluorescence image cytometry, light scattering and speckle flow cytometry, microvessel dynamic microscopy, infrared (IR) angiography, and high-speed imaging of individual cells in fast flow. The capabilities of these techniques, using the rat mesentery model, were demonstrated in various studies; e.g., real-time quantitative detection of circulating and migrating individual blood and cancer cells, studies on vascular dynamics with a focus on lymphatics under normal conditions and under different interventions (e.g. lasers, drugs, nicotine), assessment of lymphatic disturbances from experimental lymphedema, monitoring cell traffic between blood and lymph systems, and high-speed imaging of cell transient deformability in flow. In particular, the obtained results demonstrated that individual cell transportation in living organisms depends on cell type (e.g., normal blood or leukemic cells), the cell’s functional state (e.g., live, apoptotic, or necrotic), and the functional status of the organism. Possible future applications, including in vivo early diagnosis and prevention of disease, monitoring immune response and apoptosis, chemo- and radio-sensitivity tests, and drug screening, are also discussed.
