To address the challenges of long commuting times,traffic congestion,high energy consumption,and emissions in inter-city travel,a new type of flying coach has been developed.This innovation aims to significantly short...To address the challenges of long commuting times,traffic congestion,high energy consumption,and emissions in inter-city travel,a new type of flying coach has been developed.This innovation aims to significantly shorten inter-city commuting times,enhance travel efficiency,and simultaneously reduce energy consumption and emissions.The flying coach integrates rail power supply technology,an intelligent operating system,and advanced new materials,comprising a catenary power supply guide rod and various sensor components.Based on analysis of traditional aircraft design principles,the research team simulated the design of the rail-powered flying coach using software such as AutoCAD and SolidWorks for three-dimensional modeling.The analysis results indicate that,compared to traditional aircraft and rail trains,the design of the new flying coach reduces its overall weight while maintaining carrying capacity,thereby improving commuting efficiency and environmental performance.This development lays a solid foundation for creating a greener,more efficient,and convenient inter-city transportation network.展开更多
Considering the development of urban freight transport,this paper presents an operational strategy for freight transport based on the urban metro system.To improve the alignment between service capacity and transport ...Considering the development of urban freight transport,this paper presents an operational strategy for freight transport based on the urban metro system.To improve the alignment between service capacity and transport demand under passenger and freight co-transportation(PFCT),a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model(MINLP)is developed to simultaneously optimize the train timetable(TT)and rolling stock circulation plan(RSCP),with particular consideration of flexible train composition mode and skip-stop strategies.Moreover,by introducing allocation rules for passengers and freight,the tripartite interests of operators,passengers,and freight agents are synergistically considered in the proposed model.To facilitate the model solution,a variable neighborhood search(VNS)algorithm is designed for the generation of high-quality solutions in a reasonable computational time.Finally,based on a simplified example and empirical data from the Beijing Metro Yizhuang Line,several sets of numerical examples are implemented to validate the applicability and effectiveness of the model and the approach.展开更多
Ammonia is a promising zero-carbon alternative fuel.Direct ammonia fuel cells (DAFCs),as an efficient ammonia-fueled power system,have an extremely high application value in the field of transportation for decarboniza...Ammonia is a promising zero-carbon alternative fuel.Direct ammonia fuel cells (DAFCs),as an efficient ammonia-fueled power system,have an extremely high application value in the field of transportation for decarbonization.Metals are essential components for catalysts and electrolytes in DAFCs,with catalysts being critical to their overall performance.Currently,ammoniafueled solid oxide fuel cells with Ni-based catalysts have reached peak power densities exceeding 1000 mW.cm^(-2).In the case of anion exchange membrane fuel cells,platinum-group metal catalysts can achieve a peak power density of 410 mW.cm^(-2).Despite these advancements,further development of more efficient,stable,and cost-effective catalysts is necessary to meet the demands for high efficiency and power density in transportation power systems.This review comprehensively summarizes the recent advancements of metal materials in DAFCs,as well as the potential applications of DAFCs in the transportation sector.展开更多
Purpose–This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the strategic adjustments in China’s transportation structure,with a particular focus on the pivotal role of railway freight and its integration into th...Purpose–This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the strategic adjustments in China’s transportation structure,with a particular focus on the pivotal role of railway freight and its integration into the modern logistics system.It seeks to address the need for a more nuanced understanding of the“road to rail”policy,emphasizing the importance of intermodal collaboration and service of fragmented market demands.Design/methodology/approach–The study employs a transport economics perspective to evaluate the achievements and shortcomings of China’s transportation structure optimization.It bases its assessment of the current state of railway freight logistics,multi-modal transportation and the broader implications for the transportation service market on data analysis.The methodology includes a review of existing policies,an examination of industry practices and a comparative analysis with global trends in railway logistics.Findings–The research underscores the importance of focusing on the development of non-bulk materials,noting the insufficiency in the development of China’s rail multi-modal transportation and highlighting the instructive value of successful cases in open-top container road-rail intermodal transportation.The study posits that the railway sector must enhance cooperation with other market entities,aligning with the lead enterprises in the logistics chain that are characterized by speed,high value and strong coordination capabilities,in order to better serve the transportation market.This approach moves away from a reliance on the railway’s own capabilities alone.Originality/value–This paper offers original insights into the transformation of railway freight in China,contributing to the body of knowledge on transportation economics and logistics.It provides valuable recommendations for policymakers and industry practitioners,emphasizing the strategic importance of railway logistics in the context of China’s economic development and intense competition in the supply chain.The value of the article lies in its comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in the adjustment of transportation structures,providing direction for the market-oriented reform of China’s railway freight sector.展开更多
The evolution mechanism of railway transportation network nodes driven by sea-rail intermodal transport(SRIT),a globally prevalent logistics method,has not been thoroughly investigated.From the perspective of SRIT,thi...The evolution mechanism of railway transportation network nodes driven by sea-rail intermodal transport(SRIT),a globally prevalent logistics method,has not been thoroughly investigated.From the perspective of SRIT,this study constructed a framework for understanding the evolution of railway container transport network nodes using Northeast China from 2013 to 2020 as a case study.It leverages proprietary data from 95306 Railway Freight E-commerce Platform.By employing the hybrid EWM-GA-TOPSIS model,complex network analysis,modified gravity model,and correlation and regression analyses,this study delves into the spatiotemporal patterns and dynamic transformations of railway container freight stations(RCFS).Finally,the long-term relationship between the RCFS and SRIT is explored.The results indicate that the spatial and temporal analysis of the RCFS in Northeast China from 2013 to 2020 revealed a clear polarisation trend,with the top-ranked stations mainly concentrated near ports and important transportation hubs.Additionally,the RCFS exhibited an expansionary trend;however,its development was uneven,and there was a significant increase in the number of new stations compared to abandoned stations,indicating an overall positive growth tendency.Moreover,the intensity of the SRIT at the RCFS in Northeast China notably increased.A significant positive linear relationship exists between SRIT and the freight capacity of all stations.A relatively pronounced correlation was observed for high-intensity stations,whereas a relatively weak correlation was observed for low-intensity stations.This study not only provides an effective framework for future research on RCFS within the context of SRIT but also serves as a scientific reference for promoting the implementation of the national strategy for multimodal transportation.展开更多
Purpose–As an important part of the management of railway passenger transport,the rationality and effectiveness of the clearing method of railway passenger transport are directly related to the operating efficiency a...Purpose–As an important part of the management of railway passenger transport,the rationality and effectiveness of the clearing method of railway passenger transport are directly related to the operating efficiency and service quality of railway passenger transport enterprises.This paper aims to comprehensively and deeply discuss the evolution and development process of China’s railway passenger transport clearing method,analyze its characteristics and influences in each stage,identify the main factors affecting its evolution and development and then put forward thoughts on improving the future development of the clearing method.Design/methodology/approach–Through a detailed review of the railway passenger transport clearing methods from the planned economy period to the reform and opening up period and into the new century,the basis,mode,subject and object of clearing in different development stages are systematically compared.Findings–It comprehensively reveals the evolution of the clearing method,sorted out the characteristics and changes of the clearing method at each stage and the adaptability to the development of railway passenger transport at that time.The characteristics of the development of clearing measures for railway passenger transport in different stages and their far-reaching influence on railway passenger transport business are deeply analyzed.Originality/value–This paper summarized the factors influencing the development of China’s railway passenger transportation clearing approach evolution,including the simplified rules of clearing,enhanced the market adaptability,establishing and perfecting the incentive mechanism,strengthening the construction of informatization,etc.This paper puts forward the ways to improve the railway passenger transportation clearing future development thinking.展开更多
Reproducibility is a key aspect of the scientific method as it provides evidence for research claims. It is essential to promote openness, accessibility, and collaboration within the scientific community. This article...Reproducibility is a key aspect of the scientific method as it provides evidence for research claims. It is essential to promote openness, accessibility, and collaboration within the scientific community. This article aims to provide an introduction to best practices in reproducibility that are relevant to the transportation research community, to discuss issues and barriers to reproducibility, and to describe methods for addressing these issues. This article starts by discussing openness and transparency, then discusses several key best practices for reproducibility in transportation engineering, highlighting common methods and techniques, as well as the associated benefits. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key barriers to implementing reproducibility practices in transportation research and potential solutions. The barriers include existing culture and attitudes, data sensitivity, insufficient methodological detail, lack of code sharing, limited validation, additional time and research burden, and skill and knowledge gaps. Discussing each of these items provides an opportunity for the transportation research community to evolve to become one that embraces the openness and transparency of reproducibility.展开更多
Scientific development is an invaluable asset to a country.Policies and development modes should be carried out based on scientific findings not only in industry,but also in transportation infrastructure construction....Scientific development is an invaluable asset to a country.Policies and development modes should be carried out based on scientific findings not only in industry,but also in transportation infrastructure construction.Building an integrated transportation system,which is in line with the national requirements of China and supports sustainable socio-economic development,is a key strategic issue related to building a moderately prosperous society and achieving realistic goals of a medium-level developed country.Based on a systematic review of the advances in China's transportation infrastructure over the last 60 years,this paper explores the main drivers of transportation development,including national policy,transportation structure,investment efficiency,and technological innovation.Analysis shows that China's comprehensive transportation infrastructure construction since 1949 can be divided into five stages initiated by these drivers,which correspond to four transition modes:policy transition,structural transition,efficiency transition,and technology transition.The transition path of China's transportation development shows that the dominant factors have changed,and the interval for each transition has shortened.With the implementation of the '12th Five-Year Plan',China's transportation infrastructure construction is showing some new characteristics and facing a new development transition.Finally,this paper analyzes the trends in transportation development in China and concludes that technological innovation will be the main driving force to increase the transportation supply and service area in the future.展开更多
The interaction between the lactate receptor GPR81(also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1,or HCAR1)and Splicing Factor Proline-and Glutamine-Rich protein promotes the tumor cell malignancy.GPR81 nuclear trans...The interaction between the lactate receptor GPR81(also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1,or HCAR1)and Splicing Factor Proline-and Glutamine-Rich protein promotes the tumor cell malignancy.GPR81 nuclear translocation plays an important role in driving cancer progression and could serve as a potential therapeutic target.Yang et al concluded in their study that lactate and its receptor,GPR81,play crucial roles in cancer progression,and are key players in linking the lactate-rich tumor microenvironment to cancer cell behavior.The ability of nuclear GPR81 to directly regulate gene expression,combined with extracellular matrix-mediated mechanical signaling,creates a potentially robust system for the coordinated adaptation and survival of cancer cells.Understanding these interactions could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and improved treatment strategies for cancer.展开更多
Addressing transportation planning, operation and investment challenges requires increasingly sophisticated data and information management strategies. ITS （intelligent transportation systems） and CV （connected veh...Addressing transportation planning, operation and investment challenges requires increasingly sophisticated data and information management strategies. ITS （intelligent transportation systems） and CV （connected vehicle） technologies represent a new approach to capturing and using needed transportation data in real time or near real time. In the case of Michigan, several ITS programs have been launched successfully, but independently of each other. The objective of this research is to evaluate and assess all important factors that will influence the collection, management and use of ITS data, and recommend strategies to develop integrated, dynamic and adaptive data management systems for state transportation agencies.展开更多
In 1997, MDOT （Michigan Department of Transportation） established an ambitious set of condition targets for its pavements and bridges and the department received increased revenue from a 4-cent-per-gallon increase i...In 1997, MDOT （Michigan Department of Transportation） established an ambitious set of condition targets for its pavements and bridges and the department received increased revenue from a 4-cent-per-gallon increase in the state motor fuels tax to help meet its targets. However, over time, actual revenue was less than what was initially estimated as needed and actual conditions fell short of the target levels. In 2013, MDOT performed an analysis of historic conditions to determine what additional fuel tax revenues would have been required beginning in 1997 to replace bond revenues used to fund pavement and bridge projects from 1997 to 2012 and enable MDOT to meet its condition targets. The analysis concluded that, in addition to the actual increase of 4 cents per gallon, a fuel tax increase of another 10 cents per gallon would have been required in 1997 to replace bond revenue used for pavement and bridges and allow MDOT to meet its condition targets. The analysis results were used to help inform the discussion of Michigan＇s targets asset conditions and funding and demonstrate application of MDOT＇s pavement and bridge management systems for performing historic analyses.展开更多
This study addresses the comparative carbon emissions of different transportation modes within a unified evaluation framework,focusing on their carbon footprints from inception to disposal.Specifically,the entire life...This study addresses the comparative carbon emissions of different transportation modes within a unified evaluation framework,focusing on their carbon footprints from inception to disposal.Specifically,the entire life cycle carbon emissions of High-Speed Rail(HSR),battery electric vehicles,conventional internal combustion engine vehicles,battery electric buses,and conventional internal combustion engine buses are analyzed.The life cycle is segmented into vehicle manufacturing,fuel or electricity production,operational,and dismantlingrecycling stages.This analysis is applied to the Beijing-Tianjin intercity transportation system to explore emission reduction strategies.Results indicate that HSR demonstrates significant carbon emission reduction,with an intensity of only 24%-32% compared to private vehicles and 47%-89% compared to buses.Notably,HSR travel for Beijing-Tianjin intercity emits only 24% of private vehicle emissions,demonstrating the emission reduction benefits of transportation structure optimization.Additionally,predictive modeling reveals the potential for carbon emission reduction through energy structure optimization,providing a guideline for the development of effective transportation management systems.展开更多
Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation sector has developed rapidly and made great achievements. 2021 is the first year of comprehensive accelerated transportation. With each country's new inf...Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation sector has developed rapidly and made great achievements. 2021 is the first year of comprehensive accelerated transportation. With each country's new infrastructure policies and each province's new infrastructure action plans, the rapid development of intelligence brings wealth and the provision of comprehensive public services is crucial. With the increase in power and living standards of various countries, the demand for tourism and consumer surveys and consumption patterns is increasing, which puts forward new requirements for the service and information availability of road traffic systems.展开更多
Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The resul...Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.展开更多
Evacuated tube transportation （ETT） will be one of the ultra-large-scale vacuum application areas. This paper lists some key vacuum technology issues in ETT： （1） how to construct ultra-large-scale vacuum chamber ...Evacuated tube transportation （ETT） will be one of the ultra-large-scale vacuum application areas. This paper lists some key vacuum technology issues in ETT： （1） how to construct ultra-large-scale vacuum chamber with lower cost and high reliability, （2） how to evacuate gas out of the ETT tube in short time, （3） how to release heat or reduce temperature in the vacuum tube, （4） how to avoid vacuum discharge, （5） how to make vehicles with airproof shells and life support system, and （6） how to detect leaks and find leak positions efficiently. At the same time, some solutions are proposed.展开更多
The aerodynamic drag on a train running in an evacuated tube varies with tube air pressure, train speed and shape, as well as blockage ratio. This paper uses numerical simulations to study the effects of different fac...The aerodynamic drag on a train running in an evacuated tube varies with tube air pressure, train speed and shape, as well as blockage ratio. This paper uses numerical simulations to study the effects of different factors on the aerodynamic drag of a train running at subsonic speed in an evacuated tube. Firstly, we present the assumption of a steady state, two dimensional, incompressible viscous flow with lubricity wall conditions. Subsequently, based on the Navier-Stokes equation and the k-c turbulent models, we calculate the aerodynamic drag imposed on the column train with a 3-meter diameter running under different pressure and blockage ratio conditions in an evacuated tube transporta- tion （ETT） system. The simulation is performed with FLUENT 6.3 software package. An analyses of the simulation re- sults suggest that the blockage ratio for ETT should be in the range of 0.25-0.7, and the tube internal diameter in the range of 2-4 m, with the feasible vacuum pressure in the range of 1-10 000 Pa for the future subsonic ETT trains.展开更多
The transportation industry is an essential sector for carbon emissions mitigation.This paper firstly used the LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)decomposition method to establish factors decomposition model on China...The transportation industry is an essential sector for carbon emissions mitigation.This paper firstly used the LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)decomposition method to establish factors decomposition model on China's transportation carbon emission.Then,a quantitative analysis was performed to study the factors influencing China's transportation carbon emissions from 1991 to 2008,which are identified as transportation energy efficiency,transportation structure and transportation development.The results showed that:(1)The impact of transportation development on transportation carbon emissions showed pulling function.Its contribution value to carbon emissions remained at high growth since 1991 and showed an exponential growth trend.(2)The impact of transportation structure on transportation carbon emissions showed promoting function in general,but its role in promoting carbon emissions decreased year by year.And with the continuous optimization of transportation structure,the promoting effect decreased gradually and showed the inversed"U"trend.(3)The impact of transportation energy efficiency on transportation carbon emissions showed a function of inhibition before pulling.In order to predict the potential of carbon emission reduction,three scenarios were set.Analysis of the scenarios showed that if greater intensity emission reduction measures are taken,the carbon emissions will reduce by 31.01 million tons by 2015 and by 48.81 million tons by 2020.展开更多
This paper focuses on the economic development and urban morphology as well as its impact on the transportation system during the urban expansion of Shanghai in the last more than 20 years(1986-2008).Based on data fro...This paper focuses on the economic development and urban morphology as well as its impact on the transportation system during the urban expansion of Shanghai in the last more than 20 years(1986-2008).Based on data from 3 comprehensive transport surveys of Shanghai since 1986,the changes in residential trip demand,vehicle use,and the spatial distribution of trips were studied to understand the demands on the transportation system.The factors contributing to those changes in transportation demand were discussed,by which the conclusions were arrived:1) economic development promotes population growth and stimulates residential trip demand greatly;2) unsynchronized migration of population and job from central district to periphery district of Shanghai make trips and congestion diffuse in the same way;and 3) urban sprawl from a city center encourages the single-occupant vehicle mode,which imposes greater pressure on the roadway system.It is concluded that urban development should coordinate with the transportation system planning and expansion.展开更多
To increase airspace capacity, alleviate flight delay,and improve network robustness, an optimization method of multi-layer air transportation networks is put forward based on Laplacian energy maximization. The effect...To increase airspace capacity, alleviate flight delay,and improve network robustness, an optimization method of multi-layer air transportation networks is put forward based on Laplacian energy maximization. The effectiveness of taking Laplacian energy as a measure of network robustness is validated through numerical experiments. The flight routes addition optimization model is proposed with the principle of maximizing Laplacian energy. Three methods including the depth-first search( DFS) algorithm, greedy algorithm and Monte-Carlo tree search( MCTS) algorithm are applied to solve the proposed problem. The trade-off between system performance and computational efficiency is compared through simulation experiments. Finally, a case study on Chinese airport network( CAN) is conducted using the proposed model. Through encapsulating it into multi-layer infrastructure via k-core decomposition algorithm, Laplacian energy maximization for the sub-networks is discussed which can provide a useful tool for the decision-makers to optimize the robustness of the air transportation network on different scales.展开更多
基金College Student Innovation Training Program Project(S202410225147)。
文摘To address the challenges of long commuting times,traffic congestion,high energy consumption,and emissions in inter-city travel,a new type of flying coach has been developed.This innovation aims to significantly shorten inter-city commuting times,enhance travel efficiency,and simultaneously reduce energy consumption and emissions.The flying coach integrates rail power supply technology,an intelligent operating system,and advanced new materials,comprising a catenary power supply guide rod and various sensor components.Based on analysis of traditional aircraft design principles,the research team simulated the design of the rail-powered flying coach using software such as AutoCAD and SolidWorks for three-dimensional modeling.The analysis results indicate that,compared to traditional aircraft and rail trains,the design of the new flying coach reduces its overall weight while maintaining carrying capacity,thereby improving commuting efficiency and environmental performance.This development lays a solid foundation for creating a greener,more efficient,and convenient inter-city transportation network.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(9252012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72371015,72288101,72431002,and 72161010)Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Plateau Railway Transportation Intelligent Management and Control(GYYSHZ2301)。
文摘Considering the development of urban freight transport,this paper presents an operational strategy for freight transport based on the urban metro system.To improve the alignment between service capacity and transport demand under passenger and freight co-transportation(PFCT),a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model(MINLP)is developed to simultaneously optimize the train timetable(TT)and rolling stock circulation plan(RSCP),with particular consideration of flexible train composition mode and skip-stop strategies.Moreover,by introducing allocation rules for passengers and freight,the tripartite interests of operators,passengers,and freight agents are synergistically considered in the proposed model.To facilitate the model solution,a variable neighborhood search(VNS)algorithm is designed for the generation of high-quality solutions in a reasonable computational time.Finally,based on a simplified example and empirical data from the Beijing Metro Yizhuang Line,several sets of numerical examples are implemented to validate the applicability and effectiveness of the model and the approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.T2241003)。
文摘Ammonia is a promising zero-carbon alternative fuel.Direct ammonia fuel cells (DAFCs),as an efficient ammonia-fueled power system,have an extremely high application value in the field of transportation for decarbonization.Metals are essential components for catalysts and electrolytes in DAFCs,with catalysts being critical to their overall performance.Currently,ammoniafueled solid oxide fuel cells with Ni-based catalysts have reached peak power densities exceeding 1000 mW.cm^(-2).In the case of anion exchange membrane fuel cells,platinum-group metal catalysts can achieve a peak power density of 410 mW.cm^(-2).Despite these advancements,further development of more efficient,stable,and cost-effective catalysts is necessary to meet the demands for high efficiency and power density in transportation power systems.This review comprehensively summarizes the recent advancements of metal materials in DAFCs,as well as the potential applications of DAFCs in the transportation sector.
基金supported by the Yuxiu Innovation Project of NCUT(Grant No.2024NCUTYXCX211).
文摘Purpose–This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the strategic adjustments in China’s transportation structure,with a particular focus on the pivotal role of railway freight and its integration into the modern logistics system.It seeks to address the need for a more nuanced understanding of the“road to rail”policy,emphasizing the importance of intermodal collaboration and service of fragmented market demands.Design/methodology/approach–The study employs a transport economics perspective to evaluate the achievements and shortcomings of China’s transportation structure optimization.It bases its assessment of the current state of railway freight logistics,multi-modal transportation and the broader implications for the transportation service market on data analysis.The methodology includes a review of existing policies,an examination of industry practices and a comparative analysis with global trends in railway logistics.Findings–The research underscores the importance of focusing on the development of non-bulk materials,noting the insufficiency in the development of China’s rail multi-modal transportation and highlighting the instructive value of successful cases in open-top container road-rail intermodal transportation.The study posits that the railway sector must enhance cooperation with other market entities,aligning with the lead enterprises in the logistics chain that are characterized by speed,high value and strong coordination capabilities,in order to better serve the transportation market.This approach moves away from a reliance on the railway’s own capabilities alone.Originality/value–This paper offers original insights into the transformation of railway freight in China,contributing to the body of knowledge on transportation economics and logistics.It provides valuable recommendations for policymakers and industry practitioners,emphasizing the strategic importance of railway logistics in the context of China’s economic development and intense competition in the supply chain.The value of the article lies in its comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in the adjustment of transportation structures,providing direction for the market-oriented reform of China’s railway freight sector.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.72174035+5 种基金The National Key Research and Development ProjectNo.2023YFB4302200111 Project of ChinaNo.B20082The Talent Planning in DalianNo.2022RG05。
文摘The evolution mechanism of railway transportation network nodes driven by sea-rail intermodal transport(SRIT),a globally prevalent logistics method,has not been thoroughly investigated.From the perspective of SRIT,this study constructed a framework for understanding the evolution of railway container transport network nodes using Northeast China from 2013 to 2020 as a case study.It leverages proprietary data from 95306 Railway Freight E-commerce Platform.By employing the hybrid EWM-GA-TOPSIS model,complex network analysis,modified gravity model,and correlation and regression analyses,this study delves into the spatiotemporal patterns and dynamic transformations of railway container freight stations(RCFS).Finally,the long-term relationship between the RCFS and SRIT is explored.The results indicate that the spatial and temporal analysis of the RCFS in Northeast China from 2013 to 2020 revealed a clear polarisation trend,with the top-ranked stations mainly concentrated near ports and important transportation hubs.Additionally,the RCFS exhibited an expansionary trend;however,its development was uneven,and there was a significant increase in the number of new stations compared to abandoned stations,indicating an overall positive growth tendency.Moreover,the intensity of the SRIT at the RCFS in Northeast China notably increased.A significant positive linear relationship exists between SRIT and the freight capacity of all stations.A relatively pronounced correlation was observed for high-intensity stations,whereas a relatively weak correlation was observed for low-intensity stations.This study not only provides an effective framework for future research on RCFS within the context of SRIT but also serves as a scientific reference for promoting the implementation of the national strategy for multimodal transportation.
基金supported by the Research and Development Plan Project of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(Project No.P2023X029).
文摘Purpose–As an important part of the management of railway passenger transport,the rationality and effectiveness of the clearing method of railway passenger transport are directly related to the operating efficiency and service quality of railway passenger transport enterprises.This paper aims to comprehensively and deeply discuss the evolution and development process of China’s railway passenger transport clearing method,analyze its characteristics and influences in each stage,identify the main factors affecting its evolution and development and then put forward thoughts on improving the future development of the clearing method.Design/methodology/approach–Through a detailed review of the railway passenger transport clearing methods from the planned economy period to the reform and opening up period and into the new century,the basis,mode,subject and object of clearing in different development stages are systematically compared.Findings–It comprehensively reveals the evolution of the clearing method,sorted out the characteristics and changes of the clearing method at each stage and the adaptability to the development of railway passenger transport at that time.The characteristics of the development of clearing measures for railway passenger transport in different stages and their far-reaching influence on railway passenger transport business are deeply analyzed.Originality/value–This paper summarized the factors influencing the development of China’s railway passenger transportation clearing approach evolution,including the simplified rules of clearing,enhanced the market adaptability,establishing and perfecting the incentive mechanism,strengthening the construction of informatization,etc.This paper puts forward the ways to improve the railway passenger transportation clearing future development thinking.
文摘Reproducibility is a key aspect of the scientific method as it provides evidence for research claims. It is essential to promote openness, accessibility, and collaboration within the scientific community. This article aims to provide an introduction to best practices in reproducibility that are relevant to the transportation research community, to discuss issues and barriers to reproducibility, and to describe methods for addressing these issues. This article starts by discussing openness and transparency, then discusses several key best practices for reproducibility in transportation engineering, highlighting common methods and techniques, as well as the associated benefits. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key barriers to implementing reproducibility practices in transportation research and potential solutions. The barriers include existing culture and attitudes, data sensitivity, insufficient methodological detail, lack of code sharing, limited validation, additional time and research burden, and skill and knowledge gaps. Discussing each of these items provides an opportunity for the transportation research community to evolve to become one that embraces the openness and transparency of reproducibility.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41171107,41001082)Programme of Bingwei Excellent Young Scientists of Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Scientific development is an invaluable asset to a country.Policies and development modes should be carried out based on scientific findings not only in industry,but also in transportation infrastructure construction.Building an integrated transportation system,which is in line with the national requirements of China and supports sustainable socio-economic development,is a key strategic issue related to building a moderately prosperous society and achieving realistic goals of a medium-level developed country.Based on a systematic review of the advances in China's transportation infrastructure over the last 60 years,this paper explores the main drivers of transportation development,including national policy,transportation structure,investment efficiency,and technological innovation.Analysis shows that China's comprehensive transportation infrastructure construction since 1949 can be divided into five stages initiated by these drivers,which correspond to four transition modes:policy transition,structural transition,efficiency transition,and technology transition.The transition path of China's transportation development shows that the dominant factors have changed,and the interval for each transition has shortened.With the implementation of the '12th Five-Year Plan',China's transportation infrastructure construction is showing some new characteristics and facing a new development transition.Finally,this paper analyzes the trends in transportation development in China and concludes that technological innovation will be the main driving force to increase the transportation supply and service area in the future.
文摘The interaction between the lactate receptor GPR81(also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1,or HCAR1)and Splicing Factor Proline-and Glutamine-Rich protein promotes the tumor cell malignancy.GPR81 nuclear translocation plays an important role in driving cancer progression and could serve as a potential therapeutic target.Yang et al concluded in their study that lactate and its receptor,GPR81,play crucial roles in cancer progression,and are key players in linking the lactate-rich tumor microenvironment to cancer cell behavior.The ability of nuclear GPR81 to directly regulate gene expression,combined with extracellular matrix-mediated mechanical signaling,creates a potentially robust system for the coordinated adaptation and survival of cancer cells.Understanding these interactions could lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets and improved treatment strategies for cancer.
文摘Addressing transportation planning, operation and investment challenges requires increasingly sophisticated data and information management strategies. ITS （intelligent transportation systems） and CV （connected vehicle） technologies represent a new approach to capturing and using needed transportation data in real time or near real time. In the case of Michigan, several ITS programs have been launched successfully, but independently of each other. The objective of this research is to evaluate and assess all important factors that will influence the collection, management and use of ITS data, and recommend strategies to develop integrated, dynamic and adaptive data management systems for state transportation agencies.
文摘In 1997, MDOT （Michigan Department of Transportation） established an ambitious set of condition targets for its pavements and bridges and the department received increased revenue from a 4-cent-per-gallon increase in the state motor fuels tax to help meet its targets. However, over time, actual revenue was less than what was initially estimated as needed and actual conditions fell short of the target levels. In 2013, MDOT performed an analysis of historic conditions to determine what additional fuel tax revenues would have been required beginning in 1997 to replace bond revenues used to fund pavement and bridge projects from 1997 to 2012 and enable MDOT to meet its condition targets. The analysis concluded that, in addition to the actual increase of 4 cents per gallon, a fuel tax increase of another 10 cents per gallon would have been required in 1997 to replace bond revenue used for pavement and bridges and allow MDOT to meet its condition targets. The analysis results were used to help inform the discussion of Michigan＇s targets asset conditions and funding and demonstrate application of MDOT＇s pavement and bridge management systems for performing historic analyses.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2268208)Science and Technology Program of China National Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(N2022×037).
文摘This study addresses the comparative carbon emissions of different transportation modes within a unified evaluation framework,focusing on their carbon footprints from inception to disposal.Specifically,the entire life cycle carbon emissions of High-Speed Rail(HSR),battery electric vehicles,conventional internal combustion engine vehicles,battery electric buses,and conventional internal combustion engine buses are analyzed.The life cycle is segmented into vehicle manufacturing,fuel or electricity production,operational,and dismantlingrecycling stages.This analysis is applied to the Beijing-Tianjin intercity transportation system to explore emission reduction strategies.Results indicate that HSR demonstrates significant carbon emission reduction,with an intensity of only 24%-32% compared to private vehicles and 47%-89% compared to buses.Notably,HSR travel for Beijing-Tianjin intercity emits only 24% of private vehicle emissions,demonstrating the emission reduction benefits of transportation structure optimization.Additionally,predictive modeling reveals the potential for carbon emission reduction through energy structure optimization,providing a guideline for the development of effective transportation management systems.
文摘Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation sector has developed rapidly and made great achievements. 2021 is the first year of comprehensive accelerated transportation. With each country's new infrastructure policies and each province's new infrastructure action plans, the rapid development of intelligence brings wealth and the provision of comprehensive public services is crucial. With the increase in power and living standards of various countries, the demand for tourism and consumer surveys and consumption patterns is increasing, which puts forward new requirements for the service and information availability of road traffic systems.
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.26816WTD23)the National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation of Southwest Jiaotong University,P.R.China(No.2682017ZT11)
文摘Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.
基金provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50678152)Scientific Plan Fund of Shaanxi Province (No.2009K09-24)
文摘Evacuated tube transportation （ETT） will be one of the ultra-large-scale vacuum application areas. This paper lists some key vacuum technology issues in ETT： （1） how to construct ultra-large-scale vacuum chamber with lower cost and high reliability, （2） how to evacuate gas out of the ETT tube in short time, （3） how to release heat or reduce temperature in the vacuum tube, （4） how to avoid vacuum discharge, （5） how to make vehicles with airproof shells and life support system, and （6） how to detect leaks and find leak positions efficiently. At the same time, some solutions are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50678152)the Scientific Plan Fund of Shaanxi Province(No. 2009K09-24)
文摘The aerodynamic drag on a train running in an evacuated tube varies with tube air pressure, train speed and shape, as well as blockage ratio. This paper uses numerical simulations to study the effects of different factors on the aerodynamic drag of a train running at subsonic speed in an evacuated tube. Firstly, we present the assumption of a steady state, two dimensional, incompressible viscous flow with lubricity wall conditions. Subsequently, based on the Navier-Stokes equation and the k-c turbulent models, we calculate the aerodynamic drag imposed on the column train with a 3-meter diameter running under different pressure and blockage ratio conditions in an evacuated tube transporta- tion （ETT） system. The simulation is performed with FLUENT 6.3 software package. An analyses of the simulation re- sults suggest that the blockage ratio for ETT should be in the range of 0.25-0.7, and the tube internal diameter in the range of 2-4 m, with the feasible vacuum pressure in the range of 1-10 000 Pa for the future subsonic ETT trains.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Ministry(Grant No.2011BAJ07B01)
文摘The transportation industry is an essential sector for carbon emissions mitigation.This paper firstly used the LMDI(Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index)decomposition method to establish factors decomposition model on China's transportation carbon emission.Then,a quantitative analysis was performed to study the factors influencing China's transportation carbon emissions from 1991 to 2008,which are identified as transportation energy efficiency,transportation structure and transportation development.The results showed that:(1)The impact of transportation development on transportation carbon emissions showed pulling function.Its contribution value to carbon emissions remained at high growth since 1991 and showed an exponential growth trend.(2)The impact of transportation structure on transportation carbon emissions showed promoting function in general,but its role in promoting carbon emissions decreased year by year.And with the continuous optimization of transportation structure,the promoting effect decreased gradually and showed the inversed"U"trend.(3)The impact of transportation energy efficiency on transportation carbon emissions showed a function of inhibition before pulling.In order to predict the potential of carbon emission reduction,three scenarios were set.Analysis of the scenarios showed that if greater intensity emission reduction measures are taken,the carbon emissions will reduce by 31.01 million tons by 2015 and by 48.81 million tons by 2020.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 70803034)
文摘This paper focuses on the economic development and urban morphology as well as its impact on the transportation system during the urban expansion of Shanghai in the last more than 20 years(1986-2008).Based on data from 3 comprehensive transport surveys of Shanghai since 1986,the changes in residential trip demand,vehicle use,and the spatial distribution of trips were studied to understand the demands on the transportation system.The factors contributing to those changes in transportation demand were discussed,by which the conclusions were arrived:1) economic development promotes population growth and stimulates residential trip demand greatly;2) unsynchronized migration of population and job from central district to periphery district of Shanghai make trips and congestion diffuse in the same way;and 3) urban sprawl from a city center encourages the single-occupant vehicle mode,which imposes greater pressure on the roadway system.It is concluded that urban development should coordinate with the transportation system planning and expansion.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61573098,71401072)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20130814)
文摘To increase airspace capacity, alleviate flight delay,and improve network robustness, an optimization method of multi-layer air transportation networks is put forward based on Laplacian energy maximization. The effectiveness of taking Laplacian energy as a measure of network robustness is validated through numerical experiments. The flight routes addition optimization model is proposed with the principle of maximizing Laplacian energy. Three methods including the depth-first search( DFS) algorithm, greedy algorithm and Monte-Carlo tree search( MCTS) algorithm are applied to solve the proposed problem. The trade-off between system performance and computational efficiency is compared through simulation experiments. Finally, a case study on Chinese airport network( CAN) is conducted using the proposed model. Through encapsulating it into multi-layer infrastructure via k-core decomposition algorithm, Laplacian energy maximization for the sub-networks is discussed which can provide a useful tool for the decision-makers to optimize the robustness of the air transportation network on different scales.
