Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are considered as a promising candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in large-scale energy storage applications.Abundant sodium resources and similar working principles make this tec...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are considered as a promising candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in large-scale energy storage applications.Abundant sodium resources and similar working principles make this technology attractive to be implemented in the near future.However,the development of high-performance carbon anodes is a focal point to the upcoming success of SIBs in terms of power density,cycling stability,and lifespan.Fundamental knowledge in electrochemical and physicochemical techniques is required to properly evaluate the anode performance and move it in the right direction.This review aims at providing a comprehensive guideline to help researchers from different backgrounds(e.g.,nanomaterials and thermochemistry)to delve into this topic.The main components,lab configurations,procedures,and working principles of SIBs are summarized.Moreover,a detailed description of the most used electrochemical and physicochemical techniques to characterize electrochemically active materials is provided.展开更多
Developing chrome-free tanning agents to manufacture eco-leather products is the most promising way to address chrome pollution and achieve a sustainable leather industry. Herein, we report on a facile strategy to syn...Developing chrome-free tanning agents to manufacture eco-leather products is the most promising way to address chrome pollution and achieve a sustainable leather industry. Herein, we report on a facile strategy to synthesize a novel biomass-based epoxy tanning agent(BET) based on sucrose and γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane(KH560). FTIR, XPS,29Si NMR, and GPC analyses confirmed the reaction between sucrose and KH560 via forming Si–O–C bonds, suggesting the successful preparation of BET. The subsequent application experiments showed that the BET-tanned leather demonstrated superior performance with a well-organized collagen fiber network and a shrinkage temperature exceeding 80 °C, outperforming commercial TWS-tanned leather in thermal stability during post-tanning and resistance to yellowing. Moreover, the BET-tanned crust leather exhibited enhanced tensile strength(25.65 vs. 16.18 N/mm2) and tear resistance(84.01 vs. 60.71 N/mm) compared to TWS-tanned crust leather, along with reduced extensibility under a specific load and at break. Compared with the TWS-tanned crust leather, the BET-tanned crust leather also displayed superior smooth grain surface, dyeing uniformity, softness, and fullness. These promising results pave the way for developing alternative chrome-free tanning agents, aiding the sustainable development of the leather industry.展开更多
Leather dyeing is a critical step in leather manufacturing,as it is responsible for providing leather products with an eye-catching visual aspect and adequate quality properties to meet customers'expectations.This...Leather dyeing is a critical step in leather manufacturing,as it is responsible for providing leather products with an eye-catching visual aspect and adequate quality properties to meet customers'expectations.This step is becoming more and more challenging as the leather industry advances hand in hand with new environmentally friendly policies and regulations to achieve a safer and healthier planet by replacing the highly polluting Cr-based leather tanning technology with greener alternatives.As a result,achieving high-performance dyeing of organic chrome-free leather is one of the bottlenecks for the sustainable development of the leather industry.Herein,we pro-pose a novel strategy to fabricate an isocyanate-based oligomeric dye(IBD)with high coloring capabilities(compo-nent content higher than 62.8%)based on toluene 2,4-diisocyanate and reactive red dye 180.This material has been tested for the dyeing of biomass-derived aldehyde(BDA)-tanned leather with excellent outcomes.The experimental results showed that the crust leather dyed with our novel IBD dyeing agent had higher color fastness and better fullness than the leather dyed with conventional anionic(CAD)or reactive red 180(RRD-180)dyes.These excel-lent and promising results open new avenues in manufacturing high-performance organic Cr-free leather products and help to ensure the sustainable transition of the leather industry from Cr-based leather tanning to more sustain-able alternatives,maintaining the final quality of the leather products.展开更多
Despite lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) being extensively employed as assistant agents to improve the UV-blocking performance of sunscreens, there is a lack of information addressing how and to what extent the chemical an...Despite lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) being extensively employed as assistant agents to improve the UV-blocking performance of sunscreens, there is a lack of information addressing how and to what extent the chemical and structural features of these particles relate to the improvements observed in the Sun Protection Factors (SPF) of the sunscreens. In this study, lignin oligomers were prepared by a solvothermal extraction process of five typical biomasses in a water–acetone co-solvent without noticeable degradation of the cellulose fraction. Afterward, LNPs were produced from the self-assembly of these lignin oligomers via the solvent-shifting methodology. When incorporated into the sunscreen, these had different morphologies, and exerted different UV-blocking capacities. The effects of the chemical structure and size distribution of the LNPs were systematically studied and compared to those of the original lignin oligomers. LNPs exhibited better UV-blocking ability than soluble lignin oligomers due to the more exposed chromophore on the surface. Besides, compact LNPs with conjugating Cdouble bondO and β-O-4 linkages, as well as the presence of the syringyl unit rich in the methoxyl group in the structures, were beneficial in boosting the UV resistance of the sunscreens. Even though smaller LNPs with higher surface area favored the UV shielding performance, LNPs with widely distributed sizes could further help decrease the UV transmittance. These findings provide an excellent basis for using lignin-derived materials as sunscreen additives and pave the way to developing new environmentally friendly materials for the cosmetic industry.展开更多
The global demand for renewable and affordable feed-stocks,combined with the worldwide targets for reduc-ing carbon emissions,is the driving force behind a breakthrough in resource revolution and GreenTech innovations...The global demand for renewable and affordable feed-stocks,combined with the worldwide targets for reduc-ing carbon emissions,is the driving force behind a breakthrough in resource revolution and GreenTech innovations[1].Owing to the vast reserves and short growing cycle,utilizing lignocellulosic biomass as an alternative to petroleum and environmentally friendly feedstock to furnish bioenergy and biomaterials is key to building a more sustainable future.Lignocellulose mainly contains three biopolymers,i.e.,cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.Over the centuries,utilization of lignocellu-lose has crossed its possible molecular scale ranging from 101 m,as the original matrix,to 10-10 m,as a mono-meric molecule.展开更多
基金part of the research project PID2019-107737RBI00funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033+2 种基金the funding from the Aragón Government(Ref.T22_(2)0R)funded by FEDER 2014-2020“Construyendo Europa desde Aragón”the funding from the Regional Government of Aragon(Spain)with a grant for postgraduate research contracts(2019-2023)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are considered as a promising candidate to replace lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in large-scale energy storage applications.Abundant sodium resources and similar working principles make this technology attractive to be implemented in the near future.However,the development of high-performance carbon anodes is a focal point to the upcoming success of SIBs in terms of power density,cycling stability,and lifespan.Fundamental knowledge in electrochemical and physicochemical techniques is required to properly evaluate the anode performance and move it in the right direction.This review aims at providing a comprehensive guideline to help researchers from different backgrounds(e.g.,nanomaterials and thermochemistry)to delve into this topic.The main components,lab configurations,procedures,and working principles of SIBs are summarized.Moreover,a detailed description of the most used electrochemical and physicochemical techniques to characterize electrochemically active materials is provided.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 22108297)the Science and Technology Innovation Key Project of Sinolight Corporation (grant number ZQ2021YY05)the Beijing Nova Program (grant number Z211100002121085)
文摘Developing chrome-free tanning agents to manufacture eco-leather products is the most promising way to address chrome pollution and achieve a sustainable leather industry. Herein, we report on a facile strategy to synthesize a novel biomass-based epoxy tanning agent(BET) based on sucrose and γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane(KH560). FTIR, XPS,29Si NMR, and GPC analyses confirmed the reaction between sucrose and KH560 via forming Si–O–C bonds, suggesting the successful preparation of BET. The subsequent application experiments showed that the BET-tanned leather demonstrated superior performance with a well-organized collagen fiber network and a shrinkage temperature exceeding 80 °C, outperforming commercial TWS-tanned leather in thermal stability during post-tanning and resistance to yellowing. Moreover, the BET-tanned crust leather exhibited enhanced tensile strength(25.65 vs. 16.18 N/mm2) and tear resistance(84.01 vs. 60.71 N/mm) compared to TWS-tanned crust leather, along with reduced extensibility under a specific load and at break. Compared with the TWS-tanned crust leather, the BET-tanned crust leather also displayed superior smooth grain surface, dyeing uniformity, softness, and fullness. These promising results pave the way for developing alternative chrome-free tanning agents, aiding the sustainable development of the leather industry.
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108297)the Science and Technol ogy Innovation Key Project of Sinolight Corporation(ZQ2021YY05)the National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFE0203800).
文摘Leather dyeing is a critical step in leather manufacturing,as it is responsible for providing leather products with an eye-catching visual aspect and adequate quality properties to meet customers'expectations.This step is becoming more and more challenging as the leather industry advances hand in hand with new environmentally friendly policies and regulations to achieve a safer and healthier planet by replacing the highly polluting Cr-based leather tanning technology with greener alternatives.As a result,achieving high-performance dyeing of organic chrome-free leather is one of the bottlenecks for the sustainable development of the leather industry.Herein,we pro-pose a novel strategy to fabricate an isocyanate-based oligomeric dye(IBD)with high coloring capabilities(compo-nent content higher than 62.8%)based on toluene 2,4-diisocyanate and reactive red dye 180.This material has been tested for the dyeing of biomass-derived aldehyde(BDA)-tanned leather with excellent outcomes.The experimental results showed that the crust leather dyed with our novel IBD dyeing agent had higher color fastness and better fullness than the leather dyed with conventional anionic(CAD)or reactive red 180(RRD-180)dyes.These excel-lent and promising results open new avenues in manufacturing high-performance organic Cr-free leather products and help to ensure the sustainable transition of the leather industry from Cr-based leather tanning to more sustain-able alternatives,maintaining the final quality of the leather products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078211).
文摘Despite lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) being extensively employed as assistant agents to improve the UV-blocking performance of sunscreens, there is a lack of information addressing how and to what extent the chemical and structural features of these particles relate to the improvements observed in the Sun Protection Factors (SPF) of the sunscreens. In this study, lignin oligomers were prepared by a solvothermal extraction process of five typical biomasses in a water–acetone co-solvent without noticeable degradation of the cellulose fraction. Afterward, LNPs were produced from the self-assembly of these lignin oligomers via the solvent-shifting methodology. When incorporated into the sunscreen, these had different morphologies, and exerted different UV-blocking capacities. The effects of the chemical structure and size distribution of the LNPs were systematically studied and compared to those of the original lignin oligomers. LNPs exhibited better UV-blocking ability than soluble lignin oligomers due to the more exposed chromophore on the surface. Besides, compact LNPs with conjugating Cdouble bondO and β-O-4 linkages, as well as the presence of the syringyl unit rich in the methoxyl group in the structures, were beneficial in boosting the UV resistance of the sunscreens. Even though smaller LNPs with higher surface area favored the UV shielding performance, LNPs with widely distributed sizes could further help decrease the UV transmittance. These findings provide an excellent basis for using lignin-derived materials as sunscreen additives and pave the way to developing new environmentally friendly materials for the cosmetic industry.
文摘The global demand for renewable and affordable feed-stocks,combined with the worldwide targets for reduc-ing carbon emissions,is the driving force behind a breakthrough in resource revolution and GreenTech innovations[1].Owing to the vast reserves and short growing cycle,utilizing lignocellulosic biomass as an alternative to petroleum and environmentally friendly feedstock to furnish bioenergy and biomaterials is key to building a more sustainable future.Lignocellulose mainly contains three biopolymers,i.e.,cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin.Over the centuries,utilization of lignocellu-lose has crossed its possible molecular scale ranging from 101 m,as the original matrix,to 10-10 m,as a mono-meric molecule.
