BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke(IS)is a widely recognized disease characterized by high preva-lence,mortality,morbidity,disability,and recurrence rates.It ranks prominently in terms of mortality,constituting 60%-80%of stro...BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke(IS)is a widely recognized disease characterized by high preva-lence,mortality,morbidity,disability,and recurrence rates.It ranks prominently in terms of mortality,constituting 60%-80%of stroke cases.AIM To explore the impact of comprehensive nursing care on the quality of life and swallowing function in individuals diagnosed with IS.METHODS This study comprised 172 patients with IS admitted to our hospital between February 2018 to March 2021.The participants were divided into two groups,namely the control group(n=80)receiving routine care and the research group(n=92)receiving comprehensive care.Various assessment scales,including the standard swallowing function assessment scale(SSA),National Institutes of Health Stroke scale(NIHSS),European stroke scale(ESS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),Barthel index(BI),and the motor func-tion assessment scale(MAS),were employed to evaluate the improvement in swallowing function,neurological deficits,clinical outcomes,anxiety,depression,daily living activities,and motor function before and after care.Furthermore,the study compared the occurrence of adverse reactions during the nursing period,life quality before and after the intervention,rehabilitation compliance,and nursing satisfaction between the two groups.RESULTS After the nursing intervention,the research group exhibited significantly improved SSA and NIHSS scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,both groups demonstrated significant reductions in SAS and SDS scores(P<0.05),with the research group showing more obvious advantages(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the research group displayed significantly better ESS,BI,and MAS scores(P<0.05),coupled with a lower incidence of adverse reactions(P<0.05).Additionally,the research group demonstrated markedly higher levels of life quality,rehabilitation compliance,and nursing satisfaction compared to the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Comprehensive nursing effectively improved swallowing function,quality of life,and patient satisfaction,high-lighting its clinical significance.展开更多
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS)is characterized by diffuse alveolar injury primarily caused by an excessive inflammatory response.Regrettably,the lack of effective pharmacotherapy curre...Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS)is characterized by diffuse alveolar injury primarily caused by an excessive inflammatory response.Regrettably,the lack of effective pharmacotherapy currently available contributes to the high mortality rate in patients with this condition.Xuebijing(XBJ),a traditional Chinese medicine recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties,exhibits promise as a potential therapeutic agent for ALI/ARDS.This study aimed to explore the preventive effects of XBJ on ALI and its underlying mechanism.To this end,we established an LPS-induced ALI model and treated ALI mice with XBJ.Our results demonstrated that pre-treatment with XBJ significantly alleviated lung inflammation and increased the survival rate of ALI mice by 37.5%.Moreover,XBJ substantially suppressed the production of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βin the lung tissue.Subsequently,we performed a network pharmacology analysis and identified identified 109 potential target genes of XBJ that were mainly involved in multiple signaling pathways related to programmed cell death and anti-inflammatory responses.Furthermore,we found that XBJ exerted its inhibitory effect on gasdermin-E-mediated pyroptosis of lung cells by suppressing TNF-αproduction.Therefore,this study not only establishes the preventive efficacy of XBJ in ALI but also reveals its role in protecting alveolar epithelial cells against gasdermin-E-mediated pyroptosis by reducing TNF-αrelease.展开更多
Purpose: To investigate if intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) offers a better planning target volume (PTV) coverage and/or lower dose to normal thoracic structures in comparison to three dimensional conforma...Purpose: To investigate if intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) offers a better planning target volume (PTV) coverage and/or lower dose to normal thoracic structures in comparison to three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in the treatment of mid and lower oesophageal carcinoma patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective study in the period from 2014 till 2015 was held in the radiation therapy department of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, in which 20 locally advanced or inoperable mid and lower oesophageal cancer patients were treated by chemo-radiation using 3DCRT technique. IMRT plans were generated for those 20 patients. The 3DCRT and IMRT plans were compared as regards PTV coverage and doses to critical organs at risk. Results: All plans had produced satisfactory PTV coverage with no significant differences noted. The lung V20 for both lungs in 3DCRT was 16.94% ± 4.2% which was increased to 21.42% ± 3.6% in IMRT (p = 0.017). The mean dose to the heart and V30 were higher in IMRT plans while the mean dose to the spinal cord was higher with 3DCRT plans, yet that didn’t reach a statistically significant level (p = 0.156). The dose delivered to the liver didn’t pose any difference between both techniques. Conclusion: 3DCRT remains to be a feasible cost effective treatment delivery option for mid and lower oesophageal cancer cases with a lower optimization and delivery time than that for IMRT. Moreover, that calls for further dosimetric studies and clinical trials to assess IMRT technique. In our study, IMRT using nine fields didn’t prove to be superior to 3DCRT.展开更多
Routing algorithms in satellite constellation networks usually make use of the local state information to adapt to the topology and traffic dynamics,since it’s difficult to obtain the global states in time due to the...Routing algorithms in satellite constellation networks usually make use of the local state information to adapt to the topology and traffic dynamics,since it’s difficult to obtain the global states in time due to the spatial large-scale feature of constellation networks.Furthermore,they use different range of local states and give these states distinct weights.However,the behind design criterion is ambiguous and often based on experience.This paper discusses the problem from the perspective of complex network.A universal local-state routing model with tunable parameters is presented to generalize the common characteristics of local-state routing algorithms for satellite constellation networks.Based on this,the impacts of localstate routing algorithms on performance and the correlation between routing and traffic dynamics are analyzed in detail.Among them,the tunable parameters,the congestion propagation process,the critical packet sending rate,and the network robustness are discussed respectively.Experimental results show that routing algorithms can achieve a satisfactory performance by maintaining a limited state awareness capability and obtaining the states in a range below the average path length.This provides a valuable design basis for routing algorithms in satellite constellation networks.展开更多
Mental disorders are considerate "the evil of the century" by renowned researchers, because a large part of the population in many countries is a diagnosticated, and currently afect youth and children. Among...Mental disorders are considerate "the evil of the century" by renowned researchers, because a large part of the population in many countries is a diagnosticated, and currently afect youth and children. Among the numerous therapeutic interventions, the music therapy is a non-invasive approach. However, there are very few people who are professionally engaged in research and studies on the subject. Therefore, this article is a literature to talk about the benefits of music therapy sessions for people with stress, depression and anxiety disorders.展开更多
Objective: To find out the incidence of high-risk HPV infections on climacteric women within our area of influence;and to typify HPV genotypes on women with normal cytology that come to our hospitalary unit of menopau...Objective: To find out the incidence of high-risk HPV infections on climacteric women within our area of influence;and to typify HPV genotypes on women with normal cytology that come to our hospitalary unit of menopausia. Material and Method: Cross-sectional study;with a random sample of 140 cases of climacteric women of ≥50 years of age, with normal Pap smears for the last 12 months. HPV determination was carried out by PCR for screening, and by hybrid capture for genotype typification. Results: The percentage of climacteric women who are carriers of oncogenic HPV and a normal Pap smear was of 11.43% (16/140 cases). The genotype found most frequently was HPV-16, followed by HPV-58, 51 and 18. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of women who were carriers of oncogenic HPV in climacteric women with normal Pap smears (latent infections) in our health region. We consider that cervical cancer screening, either by PCR or conventional Pap smear, should not be minimized or ignored from 50 years of age onwards.展开更多
AIM:To analyze gastric polypoid lesions in our patient- population with respect to histopathologic features and demographic,clinical,and endoscopic characteristics of patients. METHODS:Clinical records and histopathol...AIM:To analyze gastric polypoid lesions in our patient- population with respect to histopathologic features and demographic,clinical,and endoscopic characteristics of patients. METHODS:Clinical records and histopathologic reports of patients with gastric polypoid lesions were analyzed retrospectively.All lesions had been totally removed by either endoscopic polypectomy or hot biopsy forceps.The histopathologic slides were re-evaluated by the same histopathologist. RESULTS:One-hundred and fifty gastric polypoid lesions were identified in 91 patients.There were 53(58 %)women and 38(42 %)men with a median age of 53(range,31 to 82)years.The most frequent presenting symptom was dyspepsia that was observed in 35(38.5 %)patients. Symptoms were mostly related to various associated gastric abnormalities such as chronic gastritis or H pylori infection rather than polypoid lesion itself.Polypoid lesions were commonly located in the antrum followed by cardia.Out of 150 lesions,80(53 %)had the largest dimensions less than or equal to 5 mm and only 7 were pedunculated.The frequencies of hyperplastic polyps,foveolar hyperplasia,and fundic gland polyps were 46 %,18 %,and 14 % respectively. We also detected gastritis varioliformis in 12 specimens, lymphoid follicles in 9,4 adenomatous polyps in 4,polypoid lesions with edematous mucosa in 4,inflammatory polyps in 3,and carcinoid tumor in 1.Adenomatous changes were observed within two hyperplastic polyps and low grade dysplasia in one adenoma.Histopathologic evaluation of the surrounding gastric mucosa demonstrated chronic gastritis in 72(79 %)patients and H pylori infection in 45(49 %). CONCLUSION:Hyperplastic polyps are the mbst frequently encountered subtype of gastric polypoid lesions.They are usually associated with chronic gastritis or H pylori gastritis.Contrary to the previous belief,they may harbour adenomatous changes or dysplastic foci. Therefore,endoscopic polypectomy seems as a safe and fast procedure for both diagnosis and treatment of gastric polypoid lesions at the same session.In addition, edematous mucosa may appear misleadingly as a polypoid lesion in some instances and it can be ruled out only by histopathologic examination.展开更多
Postpyloric feeding is an important and promising alternative to parenteral nutrition. The indications for this kind of feeding are increasing and include a variety of clinical conditions, such as gastroparesis, acute...Postpyloric feeding is an important and promising alternative to parenteral nutrition. The indications for this kind of feeding are increasing and include a variety of clinical conditions, such as gastroparesis, acute pancreatitis, gastric outlet stenosis, hyperemesis (including gravida), recurrent aspiration, tracheoesophageal fistula and stenosis in gastroenterostomy. This review discusses the differences between pre- and postpyloric feeding, indications and contraindications, advantages and disadvantages, and provides an overview of the techniques of placement of various postpyloric devices.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are widely given for surgical patients to prevent infection. Because of the lack of study on the rational use of antibiotics in patients with human immunodef iciency virus(HIV)-infected during ...BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are widely given for surgical patients to prevent infection. Because of the lack of study on the rational use of antibiotics in patients with human immunodef iciency virus(HIV)-infected during surgical procedures, we analyzed the risk factors affecting postoperative infectious complications in HIV-infected patients and explore the rational use of perioperative antibiotics.METHODS: This retrospective study consisted of 308 HIV-infected patients, 272 males and 36 females, who had undergone operation at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from November 2008 to April 2012. The patients were divided into postoperative infection and non-infection groups. Their age and clinical variables were compared. The correlation between surgical incision, surgical site infection(SSI) and postoperative sepsis was analyzed. Prophylactic antibiotics were used for patients with type I and II incisions for less than 2 days. Patients with type III incisions were given antibiotics until the infection was controlled. Antiretroviral therapy(ART) was prescribed preoperatively for patients whose preoperative CD4 count was <350 cells/μL. For those patients whose preoperative CD4 count was <200 cells/μL, sulfamethoxazole and fluconazole were given preoperatively as prophylactic agents controlling Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and fungal infection.RESULTS: A total of 196 patients developed postoperative infectious complications, and 7 patients died. Preoperative CD4 counts, ratio of CD4/CD8 cells, hemoglobin level, and postoperative CD4 counts, hemoglobin and albumin levels were risk factors of perioperative infection in HIV-infected patients. Patients with a preoperative CD4 count <200 cell/μL, anemia, a postoperative CD4 count <200 cell/μL or albumin levels <35 g/L were correlated with a higher rate of perioperative infection. There was a signif icant correlation between SSI and the type of surgical incision. The rate of SSI in patients with type I surgical incision was 2% and in those with type II surgical incision was 38%. All the patients who received type III surgical incision developed SSI, and they were more likely to develop postoperative sepsis.CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected patients are more likely to develop postoperative infectious complications. The rational use of antibiotics in HIV-infected patients could help to reduce the rate of postoperative infectious complications in these patients.展开更多
This paper deals with the Neumann problem for a class of semilinear elliptic equations -△u + u =|u|2*-2u+ μ|u|q-2u in Ω, au/ar= |u|(?)*-2u on aΩ, where 2 = 2N/N-2, s=2(N-1)/N-2, 1 <q<2,N(?)3,μ>γ denotes...This paper deals with the Neumann problem for a class of semilinear elliptic equations -△u + u =|u|2*-2u+ μ|u|q-2u in Ω, au/ar= |u|(?)*-2u on aΩ, where 2 = 2N/N-2, s=2(N-1)/N-2, 1 <q<2,N(?)3,μ>γ denotes the unit outward normal to boundary aΩ. By vaxiational method and dual fountain theorem, the existence of infinitely many solutions with negative energy is proved.展开更多
It is well known that the main characterization of BMO functions, shown by John and Nirenberg, is that their distribution function possesses an exponential decay effect. In 1980, for a bounded subset of the Nevanlinna...It is well known that the main characterization of BMO functions, shown by John and Nirenberg, is that their distribution function possesses an exponential decay effect. In 1980, for a bounded subset of the Nevanlinna class in the unit disk, Baernstein proved that the distribution function of the non-tangential maximal function decreases in an exponential way.展开更多
A new characterization of Q#p is given, which implies immediately a known result. Also, the authors consider a class Νp of bounded characteristic with order p, 0 < p < ∞, in the unit disk and give some relatio...A new characterization of Q#p is given, which implies immediately a known result. Also, the authors consider a class Νp of bounded characteristic with order p, 0 < p < ∞, in the unit disk and give some relationship between it and other classes of meromorphic functions. This paper answers partly a question mentioned by Aulaskari and Lappan.展开更多
With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terres...With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terrestrial cellular networks. In this paper, we study the fundamental problem of optimizing the deployment density of DSCs to achieve the maximum coverage performance. Most related works do not consider cumulative inter-cell interference when studying the coverage performance of DSCs. First, we derive an approximate and closed-form expression of the cumulative inter-cell interference which comes from both probabilistic Line-of-Sight(Lo S) and Non-Line-of-Sight(NLo S) links. Then, we analyze the coverage performance of DSCs and derive the transcendental function of optimal deployment density to obtain the maximum coverage. Last, we propose an algorithm to get the optimal deployment density with low complexity. We conduct both field experiments and Matlab simulations to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. In addition, we show the impact of some factors on the relation between the deployment density and coverage performance through extensive numerical simulations.展开更多
We compare the direct free energy interpolation(DFEI) method and the quasi-harmonic approximation(QHA) in calculating of the equation of states and thermodynamic properties of prototype Al. The Gibbs free energy of Al...We compare the direct free energy interpolation(DFEI) method and the quasi-harmonic approximation(QHA) in calculating of the equation of states and thermodynamic properties of prototype Al. The Gibbs free energy of Al is calculated using the DFEI method based on the high-temperature phonon density of states reduced from classical molecular dynamics simulations. Then, we reproduce the thermal expansion coefficients, the specific heat, the isothermal bulk modulus of Al accurately. By comparing the results from the DFEI method and the QHA, we find that the DFEI method is indeed more accurate in calculating anharmonic properties than the QHA.展开更多
Melting simulation methods are of crucial importance to determining melting temperature of materials efficiently.A high-efficiency melting simulation method saves much simulation time and computational resources.To co...Melting simulation methods are of crucial importance to determining melting temperature of materials efficiently.A high-efficiency melting simulation method saves much simulation time and computational resources.To compare the efficiency of our newly developed shock melting(SM)method with that of the well-established two-phase(TP)method,we calculate the high-pressure melting curve of Au using the two methods based on the optimally selected interatomic potentials.Although we only use 640 atoms to determine the melting temperature of Au in the SM method,the resulting melting curve accords very well with the results from the TP method using much more atoms.Thus,this shows that a much smaller system size in SM method can still achieve a fully converged melting curve compared with the TP method,implying the robustness and efficiency of the SM method.展开更多
A continuous map f from the unit closed interval into itself is called a p-order Feigenbaum's map if fp(λx) = λf(x),f(O)=1 and f|[λ,1] is univallecular. In this paper, some characterizations of p order Feigenba...A continuous map f from the unit closed interval into itself is called a p-order Feigenbaum's map if fp(λx) = λf(x),f(O)=1 and f|[λ,1] is univallecular. In this paper, some characterizations of p order Feigenbaum's maps are discussed and the existence for both types of such maps is proven.展开更多
In this hard disk record system,the IDE hard disk is controlled by FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array),and the image is recorded to file format directly.In the same time,the recorded image is real-time and lossless.Al...In this hard disk record system,the IDE hard disk is controlled by FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array),and the image is recorded to file format directly.In the same time,the recorded image is real-time and lossless.All of this is convenient for subsequent processing.展开更多
This study aims to elucidate the nature of cognitive deficits caused by intracranial tumors, as well as to examine how a surgical operation of the tumor may affect tumor-induced cognitive deficits. The patient group i...This study aims to elucidate the nature of cognitive deficits caused by intracranial tumors, as well as to examine how a surgical operation of the tumor may affect tumor-induced cognitive deficits. The patient group included 43 individuals with meningioma or low-grade glioma admitted to a surgical operation of the tumor. Neuropsychological examination was conducted preoperatively, as well as three and 12 months postoperatively. The control group comprised 31 healthy subjects. In the tumor patients, preoperative cognitive performance was compromised in several cognitive domains as compared to the controls. The tumor patients with frontal and large tumors showed impairment virtually across all cognitive domains. Postoperatively, the cognitive performance of the meningioma and the small tumor group improved in all domains, with the performance of the low-grade glioma group and the large tumor group reflecting more modest cognitive improvement. Most of this improvement did not emerge until the 12 months follow-up. Cognitive impairment due to an intracranial tumor is diffuse affecting most cognitive domains. Cognitive recovery after the surgery is more noticeable in patients with meningiomas and small tumors, and the recovery will require a minimum of one year time-wise. This evidence is of significant value when planning both clinical treatment and rehabilitation of intracranial tumor patients.展开更多
Let f(z)=a_o+a_1z+… be holomorphic in the unit disk {z: |z|<1} and omit the values 0 and 1. It is proved in this paper that |a_1|≤2|a_0|{|log|a_0||+Γ~4(1/4)/4π~2-mRe(a_n^8 + 1)} where m>0.04 is a constant, ...Let f(z)=a_o+a_1z+… be holomorphic in the unit disk {z: |z|<1} and omit the values 0 and 1. It is proved in this paper that |a_1|≤2|a_0|{|log|a_0||+Γ~4(1/4)/4π~2-mRe(a_n^8 + 1)} where m>0.04 is a constant, ε=1 as |a_0|≤1 and ε=-1 as |a_0|>1. This result is a precise version of the well-known theorem of Landau and an improvement of the results of W. Lai~[1], J. A. Hempel~[2] and J. A. Jenkins~[3]展开更多
A time series x(t), t≥1, is said to be an unstable ARMA process if x(t) satisfies an unstableARMA model such asx(t)=a_1x(t-1)+a_2x(t-2)+…+a_8x(t-s)+w(t)where w(t) is a stationary ARMA process; and the characteristic...A time series x(t), t≥1, is said to be an unstable ARMA process if x(t) satisfies an unstableARMA model such asx(t)=a_1x(t-1)+a_2x(t-2)+…+a_8x(t-s)+w(t)where w(t) is a stationary ARMA process; and the characteristic polynomial A(z)=1-a_1z-a_2z^2-…-a_3z^3 has all roots on the unit circle. Asymptotic behavior of sum form 1 to n (x^2(t)) will be studied by showing somerates of divergence of sum form 1 to n (x^2(t)). This kind of properties Will be used for getting the rates of convergenceof least squares estimates of parameters a_1, a_2,…, a_?展开更多
基金This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hengyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital(No.202001151).
文摘BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke(IS)is a widely recognized disease characterized by high preva-lence,mortality,morbidity,disability,and recurrence rates.It ranks prominently in terms of mortality,constituting 60%-80%of stroke cases.AIM To explore the impact of comprehensive nursing care on the quality of life and swallowing function in individuals diagnosed with IS.METHODS This study comprised 172 patients with IS admitted to our hospital between February 2018 to March 2021.The participants were divided into two groups,namely the control group(n=80)receiving routine care and the research group(n=92)receiving comprehensive care.Various assessment scales,including the standard swallowing function assessment scale(SSA),National Institutes of Health Stroke scale(NIHSS),European stroke scale(ESS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),Barthel index(BI),and the motor func-tion assessment scale(MAS),were employed to evaluate the improvement in swallowing function,neurological deficits,clinical outcomes,anxiety,depression,daily living activities,and motor function before and after care.Furthermore,the study compared the occurrence of adverse reactions during the nursing period,life quality before and after the intervention,rehabilitation compliance,and nursing satisfaction between the two groups.RESULTS After the nursing intervention,the research group exhibited significantly improved SSA and NIHSS scores compared to the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,both groups demonstrated significant reductions in SAS and SDS scores(P<0.05),with the research group showing more obvious advantages(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the research group displayed significantly better ESS,BI,and MAS scores(P<0.05),coupled with a lower incidence of adverse reactions(P<0.05).Additionally,the research group demonstrated markedly higher levels of life quality,rehabilitation compliance,and nursing satisfaction compared to the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Comprehensive nursing effectively improved swallowing function,quality of life,and patient satisfaction,high-lighting its clinical significance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82130001,82200089,8173000,81800077,and 82070045)Shanghai Sailing Program(No.22YF1406100)+3 种基金the National Key R&D Plan(No.2020YFC2003700)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.20Z11901000,20DZ2261200,and 20XD1401200)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project,Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR5010-002)Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty(No.shslczdzk02201).
文摘Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS)is characterized by diffuse alveolar injury primarily caused by an excessive inflammatory response.Regrettably,the lack of effective pharmacotherapy currently available contributes to the high mortality rate in patients with this condition.Xuebijing(XBJ),a traditional Chinese medicine recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties,exhibits promise as a potential therapeutic agent for ALI/ARDS.This study aimed to explore the preventive effects of XBJ on ALI and its underlying mechanism.To this end,we established an LPS-induced ALI model and treated ALI mice with XBJ.Our results demonstrated that pre-treatment with XBJ significantly alleviated lung inflammation and increased the survival rate of ALI mice by 37.5%.Moreover,XBJ substantially suppressed the production of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βin the lung tissue.Subsequently,we performed a network pharmacology analysis and identified identified 109 potential target genes of XBJ that were mainly involved in multiple signaling pathways related to programmed cell death and anti-inflammatory responses.Furthermore,we found that XBJ exerted its inhibitory effect on gasdermin-E-mediated pyroptosis of lung cells by suppressing TNF-αproduction.Therefore,this study not only establishes the preventive efficacy of XBJ in ALI but also reveals its role in protecting alveolar epithelial cells against gasdermin-E-mediated pyroptosis by reducing TNF-αrelease.
文摘Purpose: To investigate if intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) offers a better planning target volume (PTV) coverage and/or lower dose to normal thoracic structures in comparison to three dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) in the treatment of mid and lower oesophageal carcinoma patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective study in the period from 2014 till 2015 was held in the radiation therapy department of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, in which 20 locally advanced or inoperable mid and lower oesophageal cancer patients were treated by chemo-radiation using 3DCRT technique. IMRT plans were generated for those 20 patients. The 3DCRT and IMRT plans were compared as regards PTV coverage and doses to critical organs at risk. Results: All plans had produced satisfactory PTV coverage with no significant differences noted. The lung V20 for both lungs in 3DCRT was 16.94% ± 4.2% which was increased to 21.42% ± 3.6% in IMRT (p = 0.017). The mean dose to the heart and V30 were higher in IMRT plans while the mean dose to the spinal cord was higher with 3DCRT plans, yet that didn’t reach a statistically significant level (p = 0.156). The dose delivered to the liver didn’t pose any difference between both techniques. Conclusion: 3DCRT remains to be a feasible cost effective treatment delivery option for mid and lower oesophageal cancer cases with a lower optimization and delivery time than that for IMRT. Moreover, that calls for further dosimetric studies and clinical trials to assess IMRT technique. In our study, IMRT using nine fields didn’t prove to be superior to 3DCRT.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171466and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61971440+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2018YFB1801103the Natural Science Foundation on Frontier Leading Technology Basic Research Project of Jiangsu under Grant BK20192002。
文摘Routing algorithms in satellite constellation networks usually make use of the local state information to adapt to the topology and traffic dynamics,since it’s difficult to obtain the global states in time due to the spatial large-scale feature of constellation networks.Furthermore,they use different range of local states and give these states distinct weights.However,the behind design criterion is ambiguous and often based on experience.This paper discusses the problem from the perspective of complex network.A universal local-state routing model with tunable parameters is presented to generalize the common characteristics of local-state routing algorithms for satellite constellation networks.Based on this,the impacts of localstate routing algorithms on performance and the correlation between routing and traffic dynamics are analyzed in detail.Among them,the tunable parameters,the congestion propagation process,the critical packet sending rate,and the network robustness are discussed respectively.Experimental results show that routing algorithms can achieve a satisfactory performance by maintaining a limited state awareness capability and obtaining the states in a range below the average path length.This provides a valuable design basis for routing algorithms in satellite constellation networks.
文摘Mental disorders are considerate "the evil of the century" by renowned researchers, because a large part of the population in many countries is a diagnosticated, and currently afect youth and children. Among the numerous therapeutic interventions, the music therapy is a non-invasive approach. However, there are very few people who are professionally engaged in research and studies on the subject. Therefore, this article is a literature to talk about the benefits of music therapy sessions for people with stress, depression and anxiety disorders.
文摘Objective: To find out the incidence of high-risk HPV infections on climacteric women within our area of influence;and to typify HPV genotypes on women with normal cytology that come to our hospitalary unit of menopausia. Material and Method: Cross-sectional study;with a random sample of 140 cases of climacteric women of ≥50 years of age, with normal Pap smears for the last 12 months. HPV determination was carried out by PCR for screening, and by hybrid capture for genotype typification. Results: The percentage of climacteric women who are carriers of oncogenic HPV and a normal Pap smear was of 11.43% (16/140 cases). The genotype found most frequently was HPV-16, followed by HPV-58, 51 and 18. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of women who were carriers of oncogenic HPV in climacteric women with normal Pap smears (latent infections) in our health region. We consider that cervical cancer screening, either by PCR or conventional Pap smear, should not be minimized or ignored from 50 years of age onwards.
文摘AIM:To analyze gastric polypoid lesions in our patient- population with respect to histopathologic features and demographic,clinical,and endoscopic characteristics of patients. METHODS:Clinical records and histopathologic reports of patients with gastric polypoid lesions were analyzed retrospectively.All lesions had been totally removed by either endoscopic polypectomy or hot biopsy forceps.The histopathologic slides were re-evaluated by the same histopathologist. RESULTS:One-hundred and fifty gastric polypoid lesions were identified in 91 patients.There were 53(58 %)women and 38(42 %)men with a median age of 53(range,31 to 82)years.The most frequent presenting symptom was dyspepsia that was observed in 35(38.5 %)patients. Symptoms were mostly related to various associated gastric abnormalities such as chronic gastritis or H pylori infection rather than polypoid lesion itself.Polypoid lesions were commonly located in the antrum followed by cardia.Out of 150 lesions,80(53 %)had the largest dimensions less than or equal to 5 mm and only 7 were pedunculated.The frequencies of hyperplastic polyps,foveolar hyperplasia,and fundic gland polyps were 46 %,18 %,and 14 % respectively. We also detected gastritis varioliformis in 12 specimens, lymphoid follicles in 9,4 adenomatous polyps in 4,polypoid lesions with edematous mucosa in 4,inflammatory polyps in 3,and carcinoid tumor in 1.Adenomatous changes were observed within two hyperplastic polyps and low grade dysplasia in one adenoma.Histopathologic evaluation of the surrounding gastric mucosa demonstrated chronic gastritis in 72(79 %)patients and H pylori infection in 45(49 %). CONCLUSION:Hyperplastic polyps are the mbst frequently encountered subtype of gastric polypoid lesions.They are usually associated with chronic gastritis or H pylori gastritis.Contrary to the previous belief,they may harbour adenomatous changes or dysplastic foci. Therefore,endoscopic polypectomy seems as a safe and fast procedure for both diagnosis and treatment of gastric polypoid lesions at the same session.In addition, edematous mucosa may appear misleadingly as a polypoid lesion in some instances and it can be ruled out only by histopathologic examination.
文摘Postpyloric feeding is an important and promising alternative to parenteral nutrition. The indications for this kind of feeding are increasing and include a variety of clinical conditions, such as gastroparesis, acute pancreatitis, gastric outlet stenosis, hyperemesis (including gravida), recurrent aspiration, tracheoesophageal fistula and stenosis in gastroenterostomy. This review discusses the differences between pre- and postpyloric feeding, indications and contraindications, advantages and disadvantages, and provides an overview of the techniques of placement of various postpyloric devices.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of ChinaShanghai Pasteur Foundation+1 种基金Shanghai "Rising Star" program(10QA1407900)Novo Nordisk Chinese Academy of Sciences Foundation
文摘BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are widely given for surgical patients to prevent infection. Because of the lack of study on the rational use of antibiotics in patients with human immunodef iciency virus(HIV)-infected during surgical procedures, we analyzed the risk factors affecting postoperative infectious complications in HIV-infected patients and explore the rational use of perioperative antibiotics.METHODS: This retrospective study consisted of 308 HIV-infected patients, 272 males and 36 females, who had undergone operation at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from November 2008 to April 2012. The patients were divided into postoperative infection and non-infection groups. Their age and clinical variables were compared. The correlation between surgical incision, surgical site infection(SSI) and postoperative sepsis was analyzed. Prophylactic antibiotics were used for patients with type I and II incisions for less than 2 days. Patients with type III incisions were given antibiotics until the infection was controlled. Antiretroviral therapy(ART) was prescribed preoperatively for patients whose preoperative CD4 count was <350 cells/μL. For those patients whose preoperative CD4 count was <200 cells/μL, sulfamethoxazole and fluconazole were given preoperatively as prophylactic agents controlling Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and fungal infection.RESULTS: A total of 196 patients developed postoperative infectious complications, and 7 patients died. Preoperative CD4 counts, ratio of CD4/CD8 cells, hemoglobin level, and postoperative CD4 counts, hemoglobin and albumin levels were risk factors of perioperative infection in HIV-infected patients. Patients with a preoperative CD4 count <200 cell/μL, anemia, a postoperative CD4 count <200 cell/μL or albumin levels <35 g/L were correlated with a higher rate of perioperative infection. There was a signif icant correlation between SSI and the type of surgical incision. The rate of SSI in patients with type I surgical incision was 2% and in those with type II surgical incision was 38%. All the patients who received type III surgical incision developed SSI, and they were more likely to develop postoperative sepsis.CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected patients are more likely to develop postoperative infectious complications. The rational use of antibiotics in HIV-infected patients could help to reduce the rate of postoperative infectious complications in these patients.
文摘This paper deals with the Neumann problem for a class of semilinear elliptic equations -△u + u =|u|2*-2u+ μ|u|q-2u in Ω, au/ar= |u|(?)*-2u on aΩ, where 2 = 2N/N-2, s=2(N-1)/N-2, 1 <q<2,N(?)3,μ>γ denotes the unit outward normal to boundary aΩ. By vaxiational method and dual fountain theorem, the existence of infinitely many solutions with negative energy is proved.
文摘It is well known that the main characterization of BMO functions, shown by John and Nirenberg, is that their distribution function possesses an exponential decay effect. In 1980, for a bounded subset of the Nevanlinna class in the unit disk, Baernstein proved that the distribution function of the non-tangential maximal function decreases in an exponential way.
基金This research is supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10371069) the NSF of Guangdong Province of China (010446).
文摘A new characterization of Q#p is given, which implies immediately a known result. Also, the authors consider a class Νp of bounded characteristic with order p, 0 < p < ∞, in the unit disk and give some relationship between it and other classes of meromorphic functions. This paper answers partly a question mentioned by Aulaskari and Lappan.
基金supported in part by National NSF of China under Grant No.61472445,No.61631020,No.61702525 and No.61702545in part by the NSF of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.BK20140076.5
文摘With the proliferation of small and mini drones, Drone Small Cells(DSCs) can cooperative multiple drones to provide communication service for ground users as emergency means or supplementary ones of traditional terrestrial cellular networks. In this paper, we study the fundamental problem of optimizing the deployment density of DSCs to achieve the maximum coverage performance. Most related works do not consider cumulative inter-cell interference when studying the coverage performance of DSCs. First, we derive an approximate and closed-form expression of the cumulative inter-cell interference which comes from both probabilistic Line-of-Sight(Lo S) and Non-Line-of-Sight(NLo S) links. Then, we analyze the coverage performance of DSCs and derive the transcendental function of optimal deployment density to obtain the maximum coverage. Last, we propose an algorithm to get the optimal deployment density with low complexity. We conduct both field experiments and Matlab simulations to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis. In addition, we show the impact of some factors on the relation between the deployment density and coverage performance through extensive numerical simulations.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.41574076the Young Core Teacher Scheme of Henan Province under Grant No.2014GGJS-108the Fundamental and Cutting-edge Technology Research Program of Henan Province under Grant No.152300410218
文摘We compare the direct free energy interpolation(DFEI) method and the quasi-harmonic approximation(QHA) in calculating of the equation of states and thermodynamic properties of prototype Al. The Gibbs free energy of Al is calculated using the DFEI method based on the high-temperature phonon density of states reduced from classical molecular dynamics simulations. Then, we reproduce the thermal expansion coefficients, the specific heat, the isothermal bulk modulus of Al accurately. By comparing the results from the DFEI method and the QHA, we find that the DFEI method is indeed more accurate in calculating anharmonic properties than the QHA.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.41574076the NSAF of China under Grant No.U1230201/A06the Young Core Teacher Scheme of Henan Province under Grant No.2014GGJS-108
文摘Melting simulation methods are of crucial importance to determining melting temperature of materials efficiently.A high-efficiency melting simulation method saves much simulation time and computational resources.To compare the efficiency of our newly developed shock melting(SM)method with that of the well-established two-phase(TP)method,we calculate the high-pressure melting curve of Au using the two methods based on the optimally selected interatomic potentials.Although we only use 640 atoms to determine the melting temperature of Au in the SM method,the resulting melting curve accords very well with the results from the TP method using much more atoms.Thus,this shows that a much smaller system size in SM method can still achieve a fully converged melting curve compared with the TP method,implying the robustness and efficiency of the SM method.
文摘A continuous map f from the unit closed interval into itself is called a p-order Feigenbaum's map if fp(λx) = λf(x),f(O)=1 and f|[λ,1] is univallecular. In this paper, some characterizations of p order Feigenbaum's maps are discussed and the existence for both types of such maps is proven.
文摘In this hard disk record system,the IDE hard disk is controlled by FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array),and the image is recorded to file format directly.In the same time,the recorded image is real-time and lossless.All of this is convenient for subsequent processing.
文摘This study aims to elucidate the nature of cognitive deficits caused by intracranial tumors, as well as to examine how a surgical operation of the tumor may affect tumor-induced cognitive deficits. The patient group included 43 individuals with meningioma or low-grade glioma admitted to a surgical operation of the tumor. Neuropsychological examination was conducted preoperatively, as well as three and 12 months postoperatively. The control group comprised 31 healthy subjects. In the tumor patients, preoperative cognitive performance was compromised in several cognitive domains as compared to the controls. The tumor patients with frontal and large tumors showed impairment virtually across all cognitive domains. Postoperatively, the cognitive performance of the meningioma and the small tumor group improved in all domains, with the performance of the low-grade glioma group and the large tumor group reflecting more modest cognitive improvement. Most of this improvement did not emerge until the 12 months follow-up. Cognitive impairment due to an intracranial tumor is diffuse affecting most cognitive domains. Cognitive recovery after the surgery is more noticeable in patients with meningiomas and small tumors, and the recovery will require a minimum of one year time-wise. This evidence is of significant value when planning both clinical treatment and rehabilitation of intracranial tumor patients.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Let f(z)=a_o+a_1z+… be holomorphic in the unit disk {z: |z|<1} and omit the values 0 and 1. It is proved in this paper that |a_1|≤2|a_0|{|log|a_0||+Γ~4(1/4)/4π~2-mRe(a_n^8 + 1)} where m>0.04 is a constant, ε=1 as |a_0|≤1 and ε=-1 as |a_0|>1. This result is a precise version of the well-known theorem of Landau and an improvement of the results of W. Lai~[1], J. A. Hempel~[2] and J. A. Jenkins~[3]
文摘A time series x(t), t≥1, is said to be an unstable ARMA process if x(t) satisfies an unstableARMA model such asx(t)=a_1x(t-1)+a_2x(t-2)+…+a_8x(t-s)+w(t)where w(t) is a stationary ARMA process; and the characteristic polynomial A(z)=1-a_1z-a_2z^2-…-a_3z^3 has all roots on the unit circle. Asymptotic behavior of sum form 1 to n (x^2(t)) will be studied by showing somerates of divergence of sum form 1 to n (x^2(t)). This kind of properties Will be used for getting the rates of convergenceof least squares estimates of parameters a_1, a_2,…, a_?
