Delimiting species requires multiple sources of evidence.Here,we delimited two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)using several lines of evidence,including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatri...Delimiting species requires multiple sources of evidence.Here,we delimited two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)using several lines of evidence,including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatric population,phylogenetic relationships based on nrITS and cpDNA(rpl16)data,and complete chloroplast genome sequences.Comparative analysis of 21 morphological traits clearly separates the two varieties of H.elliptica.Examination of the flowering process and pollination treatments indicate that H.elliptica var.grandiflora produces seeds via outcrossing,whereas H.elliptica var.elliptica produces seeds via mixed mating.Furthermore,hand-pollinated hybridization of the two varieties produced no seeds.Observations of pollinators showed that when bees began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.grandiflora they preferred to continue pollinating this variety;however,when they began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.elliptica,they showed no preference for either variety.Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyly of H.elliptica,which was further divided into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two varieties.A large number of variants from the chloroplast genomes reflected remarkable genetic dissimilarities between the two varieties of H.elliptica.We recommend that the two varieties of H.elliptica should be revised as two species(H.elliptica and H.grandiflora).Our findings indicate that H.elliptica varieties may have split into two separate species due to a shift in mating system,changes in flowering phenology and/or post-pollination reproductive isolation.展开更多
Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Euphorbia sikkimensis led to the isolation of one new diterpenoids,named sikkimenoid E(1),together with thirteen other known compounds(2-14).Their structures were est...Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Euphorbia sikkimensis led to the isolation of one new diterpenoids,named sikkimenoid E(1),together with thirteen other known compounds(2-14).Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods.Compound 2 was identified to be a trinortriterpenoid,and derived for the first time from a natural source.In this paper we reveal for the first time its comprehensive spectral data and NMR spectral assignment.Compound 4 showed anti-angiogenic activity with an IC_(50) value of 5.66μM in a zebrafish model,and compounds 5 and 6 exhibited cytotoxicity toward A549 cell line with IC_(50) values of 12.12 and 6.45μM,respectively.展开更多
Magnolia sinica is one of the most endangered Magnoliaceae species in China.Seed biology information concerning its long-term ex situ conservation and utilization is insufficient.This study investigated dormancy statu...Magnolia sinica is one of the most endangered Magnoliaceae species in China.Seed biology information concerning its long-term ex situ conservation and utilization is insufficient.This study investigated dormancy status,germination requirements and storage behavior of M.sinica.Freshly matured seeds germinated to ca.86.5%at 25/15℃but poorly at 30℃;GA3 and moist chilling promoted germination significantly at 20℃.Embryos grew at temperatures(alternating or constant)between 20℃and 25℃,but not at 5℃or 30℃.Our results indicate that M.sinica seeds possibly have non-deep simple mor-phophysiological dormancy(MPD).Seeds survived desiccation to 9.27%and 4.85%moisture content(MC)as well as a further 6-month storage at-20℃and in liquid nitrogen,including recovery in vitro as excised embryos.The established protocol ensured that at least 58%of seedlings were obtained after both cold storage and cryopreservation.These results indicate that both conventional seed banking and cryopreservation have potential as long-term ex situ conservation methods,although further optimized approaches are recommended for this critically endangered magnolia species.展开更多
The number of trichomes significantly increased in CRISPR/Cas9-edited BrrTCP4b turnip(Brassica rapa var.rapa)plants.However,the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be uncovered.In this study,we performed the Y2H...The number of trichomes significantly increased in CRISPR/Cas9-edited BrrTCP4b turnip(Brassica rapa var.rapa)plants.However,the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be uncovered.In this study,we performed the Y2H screen using BrrTCP4b as the bait,which unveiled an interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1,a pivotal WD40-repeat protein transcription factor in the MYB-bHLH-WD40(MBW)complex.This physical interaction was further validated through bimolecular luciferase complementation and co-immunoprecipitation.Furthermore,it was found that the interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1 could inhibit the activity of MBW complex,resulting in decreased expression of BrrGL2,a positive regulator of trichomes development.In contrast,AtTCP4 is known to regulate trichomes development by interacting with AtGL3 in Arabidopsis thaliana.Overall,this study revealed that BrrTCP4b is involved in trichome development by interacting with BrrTTG1 in turnip,indicating a divergence from the mechanisms observed in model plant A.thaliana.The findings contribute to our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing trichome development in the non-model plants turnip.展开更多
Approximately one fifth of the world's plants are at risk of extinction.Of these,a significant number exist as populations of few individuals,with limited distribution ranges and under enormous pressure due to hab...Approximately one fifth of the world's plants are at risk of extinction.Of these,a significant number exist as populations of few individuals,with limited distribution ranges and under enormous pressure due to habitat destruction.In China,these most-at-risk species are described as 'plant species with extremely small populations'(PSESP).Implementing conservation action for such listed species is urgent.Storing seeds is one of the main means of ex situ conservation for flowering plants.Spore storage could provide a simple and economical method for fern ex situ conservation.Seed and spore germination in nature is a critical step in species regeneration and thus in situ conservation.But what is known about the seed and spore biology(storage and germination) of at-risk species? We have used China's PSESP(the first group listing) as a case study to understand the gaps in knowledge on propagule biology of threatened plant species.We found that whilst germination information is available for 28 species(23%of PSESP),storage characteristics are only known for 8%of PSESP(10 species).Moreover,we estimate that 60%of the listed species may require cryopreservation for long-term storage.We conclude that comparative biology studies are urgently needed on the world's most threatened taxa so that conservation action can progress beyond species listing.展开更多
In higher plants,sugars(mainly sucrose)are produced by photosynthetically assimilated carbon in mesophyll cells of leaves and translocated to heterotrophic organs to ensure plant growth and devel-opment.Sucrose transp...In higher plants,sugars(mainly sucrose)are produced by photosynthetically assimilated carbon in mesophyll cells of leaves and translocated to heterotrophic organs to ensure plant growth and devel-opment.Sucrose transporters,or sucrose carriers(SUCs),play an important role in the long-distance transportation of sucrose from source organs to sink organs,thereby affecting crop yield and quality.The identification,characterization,and molecular function analysis of sucrose transporter genes have been reported for monocot and dicot plants.However,no relevant study has been reported on sucrose transporter genes in Brassica rapa vat.rapa,a cruciferous root crop used mainly as vegetables and fodder.We identified and cloned 12 sucrose transporter genes from turnips,named BrrSUC1.1 to BrrSUCB.2 according to the SUC gene sequences of B.rapa pekinensis.We constructed a phylogenetic tree and analyzed conserved motifs for all 12 sucrose transporter genes identified.Real-time quantitative poly-merase chain reaction was conducted to understand the expression levels of SUC genes in different tissues and developmental phases of the turnip.These findings add to our understanding of the genetics and physiology of sugar transport during taproot formation in turnips.展开更多
Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible mushrooms.This study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces...Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible mushrooms.This study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces aff.bulborhizus.Ten umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration chromatography.The intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic tongue.They were identified as KLNDAQAPK,DSTDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGPPGY,TVATFSSSTKPDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK.Seven peptides,except VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste characteristics.All these 10 peptides had umami or salt taste.The 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor T1R1/T1R3.All these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the T1R3 subunit.Our results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms.展开更多
Common mycorrhizal networks(CMNs)that connect individual plants of the same or different species together play important roles in nutrient and signal transportation,and plant community organization.However,about 10%of...Common mycorrhizal networks(CMNs)that connect individual plants of the same or different species together play important roles in nutrient and signal transportation,and plant community organization.However,about 10%of land plants are non-mycorrhizal species with roots that do not form any wellrecognized types of mycorrhizas;and each mycorrhizal fungus can only colonize a limited number of plant species,resulting in numerous non-host plants that could not establish typical mycorrhizal symbiosis with a specific mycorrhizal fungus.If and how non-mycorrhizal or non-host plants are able to involve in CMNs remains unclear.Here we summarize studies focusing on mycorrhizal-mediated host and non-host plant interaction.Evidence has showed that some host-supported both arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)hyphae can access to non-host plant roots without forming typical mycorrhizal structures,while such non-typical mycorrhizal colonization often inhibits the growth but enhances the induced system resistance of non-host plants.Meanwhile,the host growth is also differentially affected,depending on plant and fungi species.Molecular analyses suggested that the AMF colonization to non-hosts is different from pathogenic and endophytic fungi colonization,and the hyphae in non-host roots may be alive and have some unknown functions.Thus we propose that non-host plants are also important CMNs players.Using non-mycorrhizal model species Arabidopsis,tripartite culture system and new technologies such as nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry and multiomics,to study nutrient and signal transportation between host and non-host plants via CMNs may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying benefits of intercropping and agro-forestry systems,as well as plant community establishment and stability.展开更多
Descriptions of floral traits based on the visual capabilities of pollinators would advance our understanding of flower evolution and plantepollinator relationships.One such trait is the contrasting UV bullseye color ...Descriptions of floral traits based on the visual capabilities of pollinators would advance our understanding of flower evolution and plantepollinator relationships.One such trait is the contrasting UV bullseye color pattern,which is invisible to human eyes but can be perceived by bee pollinators.However,it remains largely unknown how UV bullseye size affects male and female reproductive fitness.We examined UV bullseye patterns in the dioecious Herpetospermum pedunculosum,and quantified the effects of UV bullseye size on male and female fitness.Both UV bullseye size and flower size were larger in male flowers than in female flowers.The dominant pollinators of H.pedunculosum were bees,which could perceive the UV bullseye pattern.Bee pollinators exhibited a preference for male flowers with nectar rewards,and visited a greater number of male flowers on plants with a larger UV bullseye.Male reproductive fitness was found to decrease in plants with larger UV bullseyes,likely due to the high rate of intra-plant pollen transfer.Rewardless female flowers were less attractive to bee pollinators,resulting in pollen limitation of seed production.Female flowers with moderate UV bullseye size produced more seeds.Our results suggest that UV bullseye is subject to different selection via male and female fitness of H.pedunculosum with deceptive pollination,and large UV bullseye is generally not favored.This research is the first to examine the relationship between UV bullseye size and plant reproductive success,highlighting that floral evolution should be investigated from the pollinator's eye in future research.展开更多
Plants play important roles in international trade and cultural exchange. Mention of the Silk Road instantly conjures images of plants and plant products, from the tea of China (Lagarde, 2017), to pepper, flax, spices...Plants play important roles in international trade and cultural exchange. Mention of the Silk Road instantly conjures images of plants and plant products, from the tea of China (Lagarde, 2017), to pepper, flax, spices, grapes, and pomegranates of South and Central Asia (Xi, 2017). In 2015, when China officially launched the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), biodiversity conservation was repeatedly emphasized in joint communiques of the Leaders' Roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. However, our knowledge of both plant diversity and conservation in the Belt and Road Countries is limited, which hampers our planning and implementation on the eco-friendly infrastructural projects as promoted by the BRI. To promote regional cooperation and knowledge sharing on plant diversity and conservation, in September 2018, the Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB), under the sponsorship of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), organized an international workshop entitled “International Workshop on Plant Diversity and Conservation of the One Belt and One Road Countries.” This special issue of Plant Diversity presents some of the outcomes of the workshop.展开更多
Cadmium(Cd)contamination in the environment is widespread,making it crucial to reduce Cd accumulation in cereal crops like wheat.However,strategies that not only mitigate Cd pollution but also address other environmen...Cadmium(Cd)contamination in the environment is widespread,making it crucial to reduce Cd accumulation in cereal crops like wheat.However,strategies that not only mitigate Cd pollution but also address other environmental challenges,such as invasive species management,remain unclear.This study introduces an innovative approach combining molybdenum nanoparticles(Mo NPs,1μM)and biochar biofilters derived from the invasive plant Mikania micrantha(IPMM),targeting the biochemical and molecular responses of wheat under Cd stress(100μM).Our findings showed that this novel combination significantly improved wheat physiological characteristics,growth,root architecture,elemental profile,osmoregulation,carotenoid,chlorophyll,gas exchange,and photosynthetic efficiency.Remarkably,simultaneous supply of IPMM biochar biofilters and Mo NPs substantially modulated the Cd translocation,reducing its accumulation in root(30.54%)and shoot(53.59%).Additionally,this strategy not only preserved mesophyll cell structures and the membrane integrity,but also strengthened and activated the oxidative defense systems through the regulation of genetic expressions.This synergistic approach advances the Cd alleviating techniques and offers a sustainable solution for utilizing invasive plants as a potential resource.By addressing both heavy metal pollution and ecological challenges,it provides a promising solution for safer crop production in Cd-contaminated environments.展开更多
Nanoplastics and cadmium are common pollutants in agricultural systems,posing significant risks to rice.This study explored the effectiveness of biochar biofilters derived from invasive plant Mikania micrantha in miti...Nanoplastics and cadmium are common pollutants in agricultural systems,posing significant risks to rice.This study explored the effectiveness of biochar biofilters derived from invasive plant Mikania micrantha in mitigating the combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and cadmium on rice.The combined toxic effects of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics were more severe than their individual impacts.Polystyrene nanoplastics under cadmium stress adversely affected rice growth,reducing biomass by 16.46%,whereas the invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters significantly improved biomass by 84.60%and 52.59%when applied alone or together with polystyrene nanoplastics under cadmium stress,respectively.Additionally,total chlorophyll content improved by 82.09%in the MBC treatment and by 36.66%in the MBC+PS NPs treatment compared to sole cadmium stress conditions.The invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters alleviated these stress effects by reducing the cadmium translocation to roots and shoots,restoring chlorophyll and carotenoid levels,proteins,carbohydrates,preserving cellular structures,and enhancing oxidative defence through gene modulation.Scanning electron microscopy revealed the polystyrene nanoplastics internalization in root cells,but biochar biofilters acted as a physical barrier,limiting their translocation.Furthermore,the invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters improved rice performance under dual stress by regulating metabolic pathways,nutrients cycle,TCA cycles and nitrogen transport.In contrast,polystyrene nanoplastics disrupted ATP-binding transporters and hormone signalling,increasing cadmium absorption and intensifying toxicity,thereby impairing growth,root development,and photosynthesis.These findings underscore the potential of invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters in mitigating the environmental impacts of cadmium and nanoplastics in agricultural systems.展开更多
This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the pr...This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical distributions.Ageratinicolaceae fam.nov.is introduced and accommodated in Pleosporales.The new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,A.elliptica,A.pallidesporae,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,D.campylandrae,D.longipapillata,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,F.pannaensis,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,I.lucida,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,L.clavulata,L.cobiae,L.cosmodisci,L.nilotica,L.omalii,L.robusta,L.similis,L.stigmatophora,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,O.yunnanensis,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma pyrrosiae.We provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides var.brevisporus introduced as a new variety based on morphology and phylogeny.展开更多
The phytohormone jasmonate(JA)coordinates stress and growth responses to increase plant survival in unfavorable environments.Although JA can enhance plant UV-B stress tolerance,the mechanisms underlying the interactio...The phytohormone jasmonate(JA)coordinates stress and growth responses to increase plant survival in unfavorable environments.Although JA can enhance plant UV-B stress tolerance,the mechanisms underlying the interaction of UV-B and JA in this response remain unknown.In this study,we demonstrate that the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8-TEOSINTE BRANCHED1,Cycloidea and PCF 4-LIPOXYGENASE2(UVR8-TCP4-LOX2)module regulates UV-B tolerance dependent on JA signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.We show that the nucleus-localized UVR8 physically interacts with TCP4 to increase the DNA-binding activity of TCP4 and upregulate the JA biosynthesis gene LOX2.Furthermore,UVR8 activates the expression of LOX2 in a TCP4-dependent manner.Our genetic analysis also provides evidence that TCP4 acts downstream of UVR8 and upstream of LOX2 to mediate plant responses to UV-B stress.Our results illustrate that the UV-B-dependent interaction of UVR8 and TCP4 serves as an important UVR8-TCP4-LOX2 module,which integrates UV-B radiation and JA signaling and represents a new UVR8 signaling mechanism in plants.展开更多
This article is the 19th contribution to the fungal diversity notes series,in which 106 taxa distributed in 3 phyla,11 classes,35 orders,and 64 families are treated.Taxa described in the present study include a new fa...This article is the 19th contribution to the fungal diversity notes series,in which 106 taxa distributed in 3 phyla,11 classes,35 orders,and 64 families are treated.Taxa described in the present study include a new family,5 new genera,69 new species,3 new combinations,25 new host,habitat,and geographical records,a new name,a new collection,as well as reinstating a previously suppressed genus.The newly established family is Parasporidesmiaceae and the five new genera described herein are Dematiodidymosporum,Neoacrogenospora,Parasporidesmium,Speluncomyces,and Uniomyces.The 69 new species are Acrocalymma triseptatum,Agaricus darjeelingensis,Annellophorella aquatica,Anteaglonium menghaiense,Balsamia microspora,Bambusicola dehongensis,Barriopsis menglaense,Benjaminiomyces bergonzoi,Camporesiomyces aquaticus,Camporesiomyces wurfbainiae,Cercospora palmata,Chrysomphalina cantharella,Colletotrichum heteropanacicola,Conioscypha guizhouensis,Conioscypha yadongensis,Cora dalfornoae,Cylindromonium brasiliense,Dematiodidymosporum aquaticum,Distoseptispora dinghuensis,Distoseptispora zunyiensis,Ebollia neocarnea,Eudimeromyces aequatorialis,Eudimeromyces euconni,Funalia indica,Fuscosporella ovalis,Fuscosporella yunnanensis,Halobasidium csapodyae,Halokirschsteiniothelia hunanensis,Hongkongmyces xishuangbannaensis,Inocybe ispartaensis,Laboulbenia neofrancoisiana,Lachnella kunmingensis,Lasmenia thailandica,Leptospora cannabini,Lycoperdon sridharii,Myxospora neomasonii,Natipusilla aquatica,Neoacrogenospora aquatica,Neomassaria sinensis,Neovaginatispora juglandis,Niesslia yunnanensis,Ophiocordyceps aseptatospora,Oxneriaria sheosarensis,Paramicrosphaeropsis vitis,Paramyrothecium strychni,Parapaucispora aquatica,Parasporidesmium aquaticum,Parmelia neosaxatilis,Periconia bambusicola,Periconia neohongheensis,Peroneutypa thailandica,Polyozellus albus,Porina magnoliae,Porostereum subspadiceum,Pseudosperma subvolvatum,Pseudothyridariella caseariae,Rhexocercosporidium ferulae,Russula rubroglutinata,Septoriella iranica,Seriascoma asexuale,Sesquicillium flavum,Sirastachys zhongkaiensis,Speluncomyces lunatus,Sporidesmiella yunnanensis,Striaticonidium xishuangbannaensis,Trametopsis indica,Tulostoma hyderabadensis,Uniomyces hakkeijimanus,and Virgaria guizhouensis.The three new combinations are Lycoperdon alpinum,Lycoperdon lloydii,and Lycoperdon macrogemmae.The 25 new records comprise Acremonium sclerotigenum,Agroathelia rolfsii,Alfaria terrestris,Aspergillus cejpii,Colletotrichum brevisporum,Coriolopsis brunneoleuca,Coriolopsis hainanensis,Cytospora tamaricicola,Fomitopsis malicola,Fulvifomes fastuosus,Fulvifomes thailandicus,Funalia cystidiata,Funalia subgallica,Longididymella vitalbae,Lopharia mirabilis,Metarhizium viridulum,Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis,Occultibambusa aquatica,Phaeoacremonium scolyti,Phaeocytostroma virdimurae,Puccinia mysuruensis,Rhizopus stolonifer,Serpula similis,Trametes ellipsospora,and Vamsapriya shiwandashanensis.In addition,the new name is Irpiciporus pseudoxuchilensis,and the new collection is Aspergillus sydowii.The previously suppressed genus Eudimeromyces has been taxonomically reinstated.展开更多
Biochar can potentially reduce heavy metals(HMs)mobility and bioavailability during composting.However,siderophores secreted by functional microbes might lead to the re-mobilization of metals like Cu and Zn.Therefore,...Biochar can potentially reduce heavy metals(HMs)mobility and bioavailability during composting.However,siderophores secreted by functional microbes might lead to the re-mobilization of metals like Cu and Zn.Therefore,this study intended to explore the impacts of Mikania micrantha Kunth(MM)and MM-derived biochar(MMB)in the reduction of Cu and Zn bioavailability,and siderophore-related gene abundances during composting.Compared with MM and corn straw(CS)composts,a significant decline was noticed in the extractable and reducible Cu[(2.3 mg kg^(−1)+12.1 mg kg^(−1)),and(3.3 mg kg^(−1)+14.6 mg kg^(−1))],and Zn[(103.1 mg kg^(−1)+110.1 mg kg^(−1)),and(109.6 mg kg^(−1)+117.2 mg kg^(−1))]in MMB and corn straw biochar(CSB)composts,respectively.Besides,the lowest relative abundance of HMs-resistant bacteria particularly Corynebacterium(0.40%),Pseudomonas(0.46%),and Enterobacter(0.47%),was noted in MMB compost.Also,a significant increase in sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis abundance(5.77%)accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of clusters related to siderophore transport,and siderophore transmembrane transporter activity was detected in MMB compost.Multivariate analysis labeled temperature,moisture content,total organic carbon,Corynebacterium,and Bacillus as the primary factors significantly correlated with the Cu and Zn bioavailability(−0.90≤r≤0.90,P<0.05).The structural equation model revealed that physicochemical parameters,microbial abundance,and siderophores exert a substantial influence on Cu and Zn bioavailability.Accordingly,MM and its derived biochar are recommended as an effective approach for accelerating Cu and Zn bioavailability reduction and managing the growth and distribution of invasive plants.展开更多
基金the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0505200)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31460096 and 31590823)State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(P2020-KF04).
文摘Delimiting species requires multiple sources of evidence.Here,we delimited two varieties of Halenia elliptica(Gentianaceae)using several lines of evidence,including morphological traits and mating system in a sympatric population,phylogenetic relationships based on nrITS and cpDNA(rpl16)data,and complete chloroplast genome sequences.Comparative analysis of 21 morphological traits clearly separates the two varieties of H.elliptica.Examination of the flowering process and pollination treatments indicate that H.elliptica var.grandiflora produces seeds via outcrossing,whereas H.elliptica var.elliptica produces seeds via mixed mating.Furthermore,hand-pollinated hybridization of the two varieties produced no seeds.Observations of pollinators showed that when bees began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.grandiflora they preferred to continue pollinating this variety;however,when they began a pollination bout on H.elliptica var.elliptica,they showed no preference for either variety.Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyly of H.elliptica,which was further divided into two monophyletic clades corresponding to the two varieties.A large number of variants from the chloroplast genomes reflected remarkable genetic dissimilarities between the two varieties of H.elliptica.We recommend that the two varieties of H.elliptica should be revised as two species(H.elliptica and H.grandiflora).Our findings indicate that H.elliptica varieties may have split into two separate species due to a shift in mating system,changes in flowering phenology and/or post-pollination reproductive isolation.
基金This work was supported by the Basic Research Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2012FY110300)MOST grant(2008BAD98B06).
文摘Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Euphorbia sikkimensis led to the isolation of one new diterpenoids,named sikkimenoid E(1),together with thirteen other known compounds(2-14).Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic methods.Compound 2 was identified to be a trinortriterpenoid,and derived for the first time from a natural source.In this paper we reveal for the first time its comprehensive spectral data and NMR spectral assignment.Compound 4 showed anti-angiogenic activity with an IC_(50) value of 5.66μM in a zebrafish model,and compounds 5 and 6 exhibited cytotoxicity toward A549 cell line with IC_(50) values of 12.12 and 6.45μM,respectively.
文摘Magnolia sinica is one of the most endangered Magnoliaceae species in China.Seed biology information concerning its long-term ex situ conservation and utilization is insufficient.This study investigated dormancy status,germination requirements and storage behavior of M.sinica.Freshly matured seeds germinated to ca.86.5%at 25/15℃but poorly at 30℃;GA3 and moist chilling promoted germination significantly at 20℃.Embryos grew at temperatures(alternating or constant)between 20℃and 25℃,but not at 5℃or 30℃.Our results indicate that M.sinica seeds possibly have non-deep simple mor-phophysiological dormancy(MPD).Seeds survived desiccation to 9.27%and 4.85%moisture content(MC)as well as a further 6-month storage at-20℃and in liquid nitrogen,including recovery in vitro as excised embryos.The established protocol ensured that at least 58%of seedlings were obtained after both cold storage and cryopreservation.These results indicate that both conventional seed banking and cryopreservation have potential as long-term ex situ conservation methods,although further optimized approaches are recommended for this critically endangered magnolia species.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road(Pan-TPE)(XDA2004010306)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)Science and Technology Program of Xizang Autonomous Region(XZ202001ZY0003G).
文摘The number of trichomes significantly increased in CRISPR/Cas9-edited BrrTCP4b turnip(Brassica rapa var.rapa)plants.However,the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be uncovered.In this study,we performed the Y2H screen using BrrTCP4b as the bait,which unveiled an interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1,a pivotal WD40-repeat protein transcription factor in the MYB-bHLH-WD40(MBW)complex.This physical interaction was further validated through bimolecular luciferase complementation and co-immunoprecipitation.Furthermore,it was found that the interaction between BrrTCP4b and BrrTTG1 could inhibit the activity of MBW complex,resulting in decreased expression of BrrGL2,a positive regulator of trichomes development.In contrast,AtTCP4 is known to regulate trichomes development by interacting with AtGL3 in Arabidopsis thaliana.Overall,this study revealed that BrrTCP4b is involved in trichome development by interacting with BrrTTG1 in turnip,indicating a divergence from the mechanisms observed in model plant A.thaliana.The findings contribute to our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing trichome development in the non-model plants turnip.
基金Funding (No. U1302262) to W.B. Sun from the NSFC-Yunnan joint fund on key projects is gratefully acknowledgedThe Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew receives grant-in-aid from Defra+1 种基金This joint work was undertaken under the Memorandum of Agreement (2014e24) on Plant and Fungal Science between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, KewHWP thanks Darwin Initiative Project 21-003 on cycads for funding
文摘Approximately one fifth of the world's plants are at risk of extinction.Of these,a significant number exist as populations of few individuals,with limited distribution ranges and under enormous pressure due to habitat destruction.In China,these most-at-risk species are described as 'plant species with extremely small populations'(PSESP).Implementing conservation action for such listed species is urgent.Storing seeds is one of the main means of ex situ conservation for flowering plants.Spore storage could provide a simple and economical method for fern ex situ conservation.Seed and spore germination in nature is a critical step in species regeneration and thus in situ conservation.But what is known about the seed and spore biology(storage and germination) of at-risk species? We have used China's PSESP(the first group listing) as a case study to understand the gaps in knowledge on propagule biology of threatened plant species.We found that whilst germination information is available for 28 species(23%of PSESP),storage characteristics are only known for 8%of PSESP(10 species).Moreover,we estimate that 60%of the listed species may require cryopreservation for long-term storage.We conclude that comparative biology studies are urgently needed on the world's most threatened taxa so that conservation action can progress beyond species listing.
基金supported by Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (31590820,31590823)
文摘In higher plants,sugars(mainly sucrose)are produced by photosynthetically assimilated carbon in mesophyll cells of leaves and translocated to heterotrophic organs to ensure plant growth and devel-opment.Sucrose transporters,or sucrose carriers(SUCs),play an important role in the long-distance transportation of sucrose from source organs to sink organs,thereby affecting crop yield and quality.The identification,characterization,and molecular function analysis of sucrose transporter genes have been reported for monocot and dicot plants.However,no relevant study has been reported on sucrose transporter genes in Brassica rapa vat.rapa,a cruciferous root crop used mainly as vegetables and fodder.We identified and cloned 12 sucrose transporter genes from turnips,named BrrSUC1.1 to BrrSUCB.2 according to the SUC gene sequences of B.rapa pekinensis.We constructed a phylogenetic tree and analyzed conserved motifs for all 12 sucrose transporter genes identified.Real-time quantitative poly-merase chain reaction was conducted to understand the expression levels of SUC genes in different tissues and developmental phases of the turnip.These findings add to our understanding of the genetics and physiology of sugar transport during taproot formation in turnips.
基金supported by the Yunnan Key Project of Science and Technology(202202AE090001)Postdoctoral Directional Training Foundation of Yunnan Province(E23174K2)Postdoctoral Research Funding Projects of Yunnan Province,China(E2313442)。
文摘Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible mushrooms.This study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces aff.bulborhizus.Ten umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration chromatography.The intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic tongue.They were identified as KLNDAQAPK,DSTDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGPPGY,TVATFSSSTKPDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK.Seven peptides,except VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste characteristics.All these 10 peptides had umami or salt taste.The 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor T1R1/T1R3.All these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the T1R3 subunit.Our results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms.
基金This study was grants from Yunnan High Level Talent Introduction Plan,Kunming Institute of Botany(Y9627111K1)Natural Sciences Foundation of China(31901204).
文摘Common mycorrhizal networks(CMNs)that connect individual plants of the same or different species together play important roles in nutrient and signal transportation,and plant community organization.However,about 10%of land plants are non-mycorrhizal species with roots that do not form any wellrecognized types of mycorrhizas;and each mycorrhizal fungus can only colonize a limited number of plant species,resulting in numerous non-host plants that could not establish typical mycorrhizal symbiosis with a specific mycorrhizal fungus.If and how non-mycorrhizal or non-host plants are able to involve in CMNs remains unclear.Here we summarize studies focusing on mycorrhizal-mediated host and non-host plant interaction.Evidence has showed that some host-supported both arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)hyphae can access to non-host plant roots without forming typical mycorrhizal structures,while such non-typical mycorrhizal colonization often inhibits the growth but enhances the induced system resistance of non-host plants.Meanwhile,the host growth is also differentially affected,depending on plant and fungi species.Molecular analyses suggested that the AMF colonization to non-hosts is different from pathogenic and endophytic fungi colonization,and the hyphae in non-host roots may be alive and have some unknown functions.Thus we propose that non-host plants are also important CMNs players.Using non-mycorrhizal model species Arabidopsis,tripartite culture system and new technologies such as nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry and multiomics,to study nutrient and signal transportation between host and non-host plants via CMNs may provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying benefits of intercropping and agro-forestry systems,as well as plant community establishment and stability.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160261)the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)Science and Technology Program of Xizang Autonomous Region(XZ202001YD0008C).
文摘Descriptions of floral traits based on the visual capabilities of pollinators would advance our understanding of flower evolution and plantepollinator relationships.One such trait is the contrasting UV bullseye color pattern,which is invisible to human eyes but can be perceived by bee pollinators.However,it remains largely unknown how UV bullseye size affects male and female reproductive fitness.We examined UV bullseye patterns in the dioecious Herpetospermum pedunculosum,and quantified the effects of UV bullseye size on male and female fitness.Both UV bullseye size and flower size were larger in male flowers than in female flowers.The dominant pollinators of H.pedunculosum were bees,which could perceive the UV bullseye pattern.Bee pollinators exhibited a preference for male flowers with nectar rewards,and visited a greater number of male flowers on plants with a larger UV bullseye.Male reproductive fitness was found to decrease in plants with larger UV bullseyes,likely due to the high rate of intra-plant pollen transfer.Rewardless female flowers were less attractive to bee pollinators,resulting in pollen limitation of seed production.Female flowers with moderate UV bullseye size produced more seeds.Our results suggest that UV bullseye is subject to different selection via male and female fitness of H.pedunculosum with deceptive pollination,and large UV bullseye is generally not favored.This research is the first to examine the relationship between UV bullseye size and plant reproductive success,highlighting that floral evolution should be investigated from the pollinator's eye in future research.
文摘Plants play important roles in international trade and cultural exchange. Mention of the Silk Road instantly conjures images of plants and plant products, from the tea of China (Lagarde, 2017), to pepper, flax, spices, grapes, and pomegranates of South and Central Asia (Xi, 2017). In 2015, when China officially launched the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), biodiversity conservation was repeatedly emphasized in joint communiques of the Leaders' Roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. However, our knowledge of both plant diversity and conservation in the Belt and Road Countries is limited, which hampers our planning and implementation on the eco-friendly infrastructural projects as promoted by the BRI. To promote regional cooperation and knowledge sharing on plant diversity and conservation, in September 2018, the Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB), under the sponsorship of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), organized an international workshop entitled “International Workshop on Plant Diversity and Conservation of the One Belt and One Road Countries.” This special issue of Plant Diversity presents some of the outcomes of the workshop.
文摘Cadmium(Cd)contamination in the environment is widespread,making it crucial to reduce Cd accumulation in cereal crops like wheat.However,strategies that not only mitigate Cd pollution but also address other environmental challenges,such as invasive species management,remain unclear.This study introduces an innovative approach combining molybdenum nanoparticles(Mo NPs,1μM)and biochar biofilters derived from the invasive plant Mikania micrantha(IPMM),targeting the biochemical and molecular responses of wheat under Cd stress(100μM).Our findings showed that this novel combination significantly improved wheat physiological characteristics,growth,root architecture,elemental profile,osmoregulation,carotenoid,chlorophyll,gas exchange,and photosynthetic efficiency.Remarkably,simultaneous supply of IPMM biochar biofilters and Mo NPs substantially modulated the Cd translocation,reducing its accumulation in root(30.54%)and shoot(53.59%).Additionally,this strategy not only preserved mesophyll cell structures and the membrane integrity,but also strengthened and activated the oxidative defense systems through the regulation of genetic expressions.This synergistic approach advances the Cd alleviating techniques and offers a sustainable solution for utilizing invasive plants as a potential resource.By addressing both heavy metal pollution and ecological challenges,it provides a promising solution for safer crop production in Cd-contaminated environments.
基金funded by Science and Technology Research Projects of Heyuan City(2023013)Heyuan Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project(DT20220002)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(2023A1515011565)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971554).
文摘Nanoplastics and cadmium are common pollutants in agricultural systems,posing significant risks to rice.This study explored the effectiveness of biochar biofilters derived from invasive plant Mikania micrantha in mitigating the combined toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and cadmium on rice.The combined toxic effects of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics were more severe than their individual impacts.Polystyrene nanoplastics under cadmium stress adversely affected rice growth,reducing biomass by 16.46%,whereas the invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters significantly improved biomass by 84.60%and 52.59%when applied alone or together with polystyrene nanoplastics under cadmium stress,respectively.Additionally,total chlorophyll content improved by 82.09%in the MBC treatment and by 36.66%in the MBC+PS NPs treatment compared to sole cadmium stress conditions.The invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters alleviated these stress effects by reducing the cadmium translocation to roots and shoots,restoring chlorophyll and carotenoid levels,proteins,carbohydrates,preserving cellular structures,and enhancing oxidative defence through gene modulation.Scanning electron microscopy revealed the polystyrene nanoplastics internalization in root cells,but biochar biofilters acted as a physical barrier,limiting their translocation.Furthermore,the invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters improved rice performance under dual stress by regulating metabolic pathways,nutrients cycle,TCA cycles and nitrogen transport.In contrast,polystyrene nanoplastics disrupted ATP-binding transporters and hormone signalling,increasing cadmium absorption and intensifying toxicity,thereby impairing growth,root development,and photosynthesis.These findings underscore the potential of invasive plant Mikania micrantha biochar biofilters in mitigating the environmental impacts of cadmium and nanoplastics in agricultural systems.
文摘This article is the 15th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series,wherein 115 taxa from three phyla,nine classes,28 orders,48 families,and 64 genera are treated.Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include a new family,five new genera,61 new species,five new combinations,one synonym,one new variety and 31 records on new hosts or new geographical distributions.Ageratinicolaceae fam.nov.is introduced and accommodated in Pleosporales.The new genera introduced in this study are Ageratinicola,Kevinia,Pseudomultiseptospora(Parabambusicolaceae),Marasmiellomycena,and Vizzinia(Porotheleaceae).Newly described species are Abrothallus altoandinus,Ageratinicola kunmingensis,Allocryptovalsa aceris,Allophoma yuccae,Apiospora cannae,A.elliptica,A.pallidesporae,Boeremia wisteriae,Calycina papaeana,Clypeo-coccum lichenostigmoides,Coniochaeta riskali-shoyakubovii,Cryphonectria kunmingensis,Diaporthe angustiapiculata,D.campylandrae,D.longipapillata,Diatrypella guangdongense,Dothiorella franceschinii,Endocalyx phoenicis,Epicoc-cum terminosporum,Fulvifomes karaiensis,F.pannaensis,Ganoderma ghatensis,Hysterobrevium baoshanense,Inocybe avellaneorosea,I.lucida,Jahnula oblonga,Kevinia lignicola,Kirschsteiniothelia guangdongensis,Laboulbenia caprina,L.clavulata,L.cobiae,L.cosmodisci,L.nilotica,L.omalii,L.robusta,L.similis,L.stigmatophora,Laccaria rubriporus,Lasiodiplodia morindae,Lyophyllum agnijum,Marasmiellomycena pseudoomphaliiformis,Melomastia beihaiensis,Nemania guangdongensis,Nigrograna thailandica,Nigrospora ficuum,Oxydothis chinensis,O.yunnanensis,Petriella thailandica,Phaeoacremonium chinensis,Phialocephala chinensis,Phytophthora debattistii,Polyplosphaeria nigrospora,Pronectria loweniae,Seriascoma acutispora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Stictis anomianthi,Tarzetta tibetensis,Tarzetta urceolata,Tetraploa obpyriformis,Trichoglossum beninense,and Tricoderma pyrrosiae.We provide an emendation for Urnula ailaoshanensis Agaricus duplocingulatoides var.brevisporus introduced as a new variety based on morphology and phylogeny.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32370405).
文摘The phytohormone jasmonate(JA)coordinates stress and growth responses to increase plant survival in unfavorable environments.Although JA can enhance plant UV-B stress tolerance,the mechanisms underlying the interaction of UV-B and JA in this response remain unknown.In this study,we demonstrate that the UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8-TEOSINTE BRANCHED1,Cycloidea and PCF 4-LIPOXYGENASE2(UVR8-TCP4-LOX2)module regulates UV-B tolerance dependent on JA signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.We show that the nucleus-localized UVR8 physically interacts with TCP4 to increase the DNA-binding activity of TCP4 and upregulate the JA biosynthesis gene LOX2.Furthermore,UVR8 activates the expression of LOX2 in a TCP4-dependent manner.Our genetic analysis also provides evidence that TCP4 acts downstream of UVR8 and upstream of LOX2 to mediate plant responses to UV-B stress.Our results illustrate that the UV-B-dependent interaction of UVR8 and TCP4 serves as an important UVR8-TCP4-LOX2 module,which integrates UV-B radiation and JA signaling and represents a new UVR8 signaling mechanism in plants.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32200015)the Foundation of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(Grant No.2023A04J1425)+46 种基金the Foundation of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(Grant No.2023A04J1426)the National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)Grant“Total fungal diversity in a given forest area with implications towards species numbers,chemical diversity and biotechnology”(Grant No.N42A650547)the Mushroom Research Foundation,Thailand for funding this workthe Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program(DSFP),King Saud University,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Huang Zhang thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(Project ID ZR2022MC071 to Huang Zhang)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong Province(tsqn202306276)supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program of China(No.2022NSFSC1011)the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Türkiye(TUBİTAK)for the 2219 International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Programme(Grant No.1059B192202880)the National Science,Research and Innovation Fund:Thailand Science Research Innovation(Basic Research Fund 2021,2022 and 2023)“Biodiversity,taxonomy,phylogeny and evolution of Colletotrichum on avocado,citrus,durian and mango in northern Thailand”,Grant No.652A01003“Biodiversity,taxonomy and phylogeny of Colletotrichum on Citrus and Mango in Northern Thailand,Grant No.662A01002 and 672A010002the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32060012)SERB(CRG/2020/006053),DST,New DelhiInstitution of Eminence(R/Dev./D/IoE/Incentive/2021-22/32387)BHU,Varanasi and Bridge Grant(No.SRICC/Bridge Grant/2024-25/3151),BHU,Varanasi for providing the financial supportsfinancially supported by the“Iranian Mycological Society”the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32260004)the Yunnan Revitalization Talents Support Plan(High-End Foreign Experts Program)Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology“Zhihui Yunnan”Plan(202403AM140023)the Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education of the Deep-Time Evolution on Biodiversity from the Origin of the Pearl River for their supportthe International Research Support Initiative Program(IRSIP)Schemegrateful to JSPS for an Award of a Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Research Grants No.185701000001 and No.18-06620Extramural Research-SERB,DST(EMR/2016/003078),Government of India for the financial assistancegrateful to‘The PCCF’of Tamil Nadu Forest Department for providing permission(E2/20458/2017),assistance and support during field visit in Eastern Ghats of Tamil NaduRUSA 2.0(Theme-1,Group-1/2021/49)for providing GrantTamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education,Chennai(RGP/2019-20/MU/HECP-0040)for financial assistanceCSIR,New Delhi,India(09/0115(13300)/2022-EMR-I)for the financial assistancethe Beijing Natural Science Foundation-International Scientist Project(Project Number 1S24085)for the financial supportgrateful to DST-PURSE Programme PhaseⅡ,University of Calcutta,India for financial supportChiang Mai University for providing financial support and laboratory facilitiesgrateful to the UP System Balik PhD Program(OVPAA-BPhD2022-02)Grant entitled“Unraveling the hidden diversity of aquatic fungi from Panay Island,Philippines”Govt.of India for financial assistance(BT/PR29521/FCB/125/15/2018)financial support provided by DGAPA-PAPIIT,UNAM(Grant Number IN203524)the Department of Science and Technology,Govt.of India for the Award of the JC Bose Fellowship(Grant No.JCB/2017/000053),DBT-BUILDER(BT/INF/22/SP41176/2020)grant to School of life Sciences,Ministry of EducationGovt.of India and Institution of Excellence Directorate,University of Hyderabad for the award of the Project(Grant No.UOH-IOE-RC3-21-065)and Fellowship(RA)to PVSRN Sarmathe IOE-PDRF(UOH/IOE/SEST/PDRF/1)Grant from University of Hyderabadthe Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology“Zhihui Yunnan”Plan(202403AM140023)the High-Level Talent Recruitment Plan of Yunnan Provinces(High-End Foreign Experts Programs and“Young Talents”)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32460002)the Meemann Chang Academician Workstation in Yunnan Province(202225AF150002)Yunnan Province Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talents Program(202305AC350252)Fundacao Arthur Bernardes(FUNARBE)for financial support.the CMU Proactive Researcher,Chiang Mai University(Grant Numbers 796/2567 and EX010059)the Doi Tung Development Project for Sample Collection(Permission Number 7700/17142 with the title‘The diversity of saprobic fungi on selected hosts in forest northern Thailand’),Chiang Rai,ThailandChiang Mai University for partially supportthe support from the Agency of Innovative Development under the Ministry of Higher Education,Science and Innovation of the Republic of Uzbekistan(Project No.AL-8724052922)the National Key R&D Program of China(Project No.2025YFE0104500)The Slovak Grant Agency VEGA(grant No.1/0295/20)for financial supportfinancial support from the Institute of Botany,Jagiellonian University,scientific funds(N18/DBS/000002)financial support by the statutory funds of the W.Szafer Institute of Botany,Polish Academy of Sciences.
文摘This article is the 19th contribution to the fungal diversity notes series,in which 106 taxa distributed in 3 phyla,11 classes,35 orders,and 64 families are treated.Taxa described in the present study include a new family,5 new genera,69 new species,3 new combinations,25 new host,habitat,and geographical records,a new name,a new collection,as well as reinstating a previously suppressed genus.The newly established family is Parasporidesmiaceae and the five new genera described herein are Dematiodidymosporum,Neoacrogenospora,Parasporidesmium,Speluncomyces,and Uniomyces.The 69 new species are Acrocalymma triseptatum,Agaricus darjeelingensis,Annellophorella aquatica,Anteaglonium menghaiense,Balsamia microspora,Bambusicola dehongensis,Barriopsis menglaense,Benjaminiomyces bergonzoi,Camporesiomyces aquaticus,Camporesiomyces wurfbainiae,Cercospora palmata,Chrysomphalina cantharella,Colletotrichum heteropanacicola,Conioscypha guizhouensis,Conioscypha yadongensis,Cora dalfornoae,Cylindromonium brasiliense,Dematiodidymosporum aquaticum,Distoseptispora dinghuensis,Distoseptispora zunyiensis,Ebollia neocarnea,Eudimeromyces aequatorialis,Eudimeromyces euconni,Funalia indica,Fuscosporella ovalis,Fuscosporella yunnanensis,Halobasidium csapodyae,Halokirschsteiniothelia hunanensis,Hongkongmyces xishuangbannaensis,Inocybe ispartaensis,Laboulbenia neofrancoisiana,Lachnella kunmingensis,Lasmenia thailandica,Leptospora cannabini,Lycoperdon sridharii,Myxospora neomasonii,Natipusilla aquatica,Neoacrogenospora aquatica,Neomassaria sinensis,Neovaginatispora juglandis,Niesslia yunnanensis,Ophiocordyceps aseptatospora,Oxneriaria sheosarensis,Paramicrosphaeropsis vitis,Paramyrothecium strychni,Parapaucispora aquatica,Parasporidesmium aquaticum,Parmelia neosaxatilis,Periconia bambusicola,Periconia neohongheensis,Peroneutypa thailandica,Polyozellus albus,Porina magnoliae,Porostereum subspadiceum,Pseudosperma subvolvatum,Pseudothyridariella caseariae,Rhexocercosporidium ferulae,Russula rubroglutinata,Septoriella iranica,Seriascoma asexuale,Sesquicillium flavum,Sirastachys zhongkaiensis,Speluncomyces lunatus,Sporidesmiella yunnanensis,Striaticonidium xishuangbannaensis,Trametopsis indica,Tulostoma hyderabadensis,Uniomyces hakkeijimanus,and Virgaria guizhouensis.The three new combinations are Lycoperdon alpinum,Lycoperdon lloydii,and Lycoperdon macrogemmae.The 25 new records comprise Acremonium sclerotigenum,Agroathelia rolfsii,Alfaria terrestris,Aspergillus cejpii,Colletotrichum brevisporum,Coriolopsis brunneoleuca,Coriolopsis hainanensis,Cytospora tamaricicola,Fomitopsis malicola,Fulvifomes fastuosus,Fulvifomes thailandicus,Funalia cystidiata,Funalia subgallica,Longididymella vitalbae,Lopharia mirabilis,Metarhizium viridulum,Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis,Occultibambusa aquatica,Phaeoacremonium scolyti,Phaeocytostroma virdimurae,Puccinia mysuruensis,Rhizopus stolonifer,Serpula similis,Trametes ellipsospora,and Vamsapriya shiwandashanensis.In addition,the new name is Irpiciporus pseudoxuchilensis,and the new collection is Aspergillus sydowii.The previously suppressed genus Eudimeromyces has been taxonomically reinstated.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 31971554)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Grant number 2023A1515011565)Project for Key Technologies R&D Innovation Team in Modern Agriculture,Guangdong(2022KJ134,2023KJ134).
文摘Biochar can potentially reduce heavy metals(HMs)mobility and bioavailability during composting.However,siderophores secreted by functional microbes might lead to the re-mobilization of metals like Cu and Zn.Therefore,this study intended to explore the impacts of Mikania micrantha Kunth(MM)and MM-derived biochar(MMB)in the reduction of Cu and Zn bioavailability,and siderophore-related gene abundances during composting.Compared with MM and corn straw(CS)composts,a significant decline was noticed in the extractable and reducible Cu[(2.3 mg kg^(−1)+12.1 mg kg^(−1)),and(3.3 mg kg^(−1)+14.6 mg kg^(−1))],and Zn[(103.1 mg kg^(−1)+110.1 mg kg^(−1)),and(109.6 mg kg^(−1)+117.2 mg kg^(−1))]in MMB and corn straw biochar(CSB)composts,respectively.Besides,the lowest relative abundance of HMs-resistant bacteria particularly Corynebacterium(0.40%),Pseudomonas(0.46%),and Enterobacter(0.47%),was noted in MMB compost.Also,a significant increase in sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis abundance(5.77%)accompanied by a reduction in the abundance of clusters related to siderophore transport,and siderophore transmembrane transporter activity was detected in MMB compost.Multivariate analysis labeled temperature,moisture content,total organic carbon,Corynebacterium,and Bacillus as the primary factors significantly correlated with the Cu and Zn bioavailability(−0.90≤r≤0.90,P<0.05).The structural equation model revealed that physicochemical parameters,microbial abundance,and siderophores exert a substantial influence on Cu and Zn bioavailability.Accordingly,MM and its derived biochar are recommended as an effective approach for accelerating Cu and Zn bioavailability reduction and managing the growth and distribution of invasive plants.
