AIM:To compare efficacy of combined lamivudine(LAM)and adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)therapy with that of entecavir(ETV)monotherapy for hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related decompensated liver cirrhosis.METHODS:A total of 120 na v...AIM:To compare efficacy of combined lamivudine(LAM)and adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)therapy with that of entecavir(ETV)monotherapy for hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related decompensated liver cirrhosis.METHODS:A total of 120 na ve patients with HBVrelated decompensated cirrhosis participated in this study.Sixty patients were treated with combined LAM and ADV therapy(LAM+ADV group),while the other60 were treated with ETV monotherapy(ETV group)for two years.Tests for liver and kidney function,alpha-fetoprotein,HBV serum markers,HBV DNA load,prothrombin time(PT),and ultrasonography or computed tomography scan of the liver were performed every1 to 3 mo.Repeated measure ANOVA and theχ2test were performed to compare the efficacy,side effects,and the cumulative survival rates at 48 and 96 wk.RESULTS:Forty-five patients in each group were observed for 96 wk.No significant differences in HBV DNA negative rates and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)normalization rates at weeks 48(χ2=2.12 and 2.88)and96(χ2=3.21 and 3.24)between the two groups were observed.Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rate in the LAM+ADV group at week 96 was significantly higher in the ETV group(43.5%vs 36.4%,χ2=4.09,P<0.05).Viral breakthrough occurred in 2 cases(4.4%)by week 48 and in 3 cases(6.7%)by week 96 in the LAM+ADV group,and no viral mutation was detected.In the ETV group,viral breakthrough occurred in 1 case(2.2%)at the end of week 96.An increase in albumin(F=18.9 and 17.3),decrease in total bilirubin and in ALT(F=16.5,17.1 and 23.7,24.8),reduced PT(F=22.7 and 24.5),and improved Child-Turcotte-Pugh and the model for end-stage liver disease scores(F=18.5,17.8,and 24.2,23.8)were observed in both groups.The cumulative rates of mortality and liver transplantation were 16.7%(10/60)and 18.3%(11/60)in the LAM+ADV and ETV groups,respectively.CONCLUSION:Both LAM+ADV combination therapy and ETV monotherapy can effectively inhibit HBV replication,improve liver function,and decrease mortality.展开更多
Many high quality studies have emerged from public databases,such as Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER),National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES),The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and Medical I...Many high quality studies have emerged from public databases,such as Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER),National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES),The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care(MIMIC);however,these data are often characterized by a high degree of dimensional heterogeneity,timeliness,scarcity,irregularity,and other characteristics,resulting in the value of these data not being fully utilized.Data-mining technology has been a frontier field in medical research,as it demonstrates excellent performance in evaluating patient risks and assisting clinical decision-making in building disease-prediction models.Therefore,data mining has unique advantages in clinical big-data research,especially in large-scale medical public databases.This article introduced the main medical public database and described the steps,tasks,and models of data mining in simple language.Additionally,we described data-mining methods along with their practical applications.The goal of this work was to aid clinical researchers in gaining a clear and intuitive understanding of the application of data-mining technology on clinical big-data in order to promote the production of research results that are beneficial to doctors and patients.展开更多
AIM: To compare the efficacy of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) in gastric cancer patients after D2 dissection. METHODS: Between May 2004 and June 2010,...AIM: To compare the efficacy of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) in gastric cancer patients after D2 dissection. METHODS: Between May 2004 and June 2010, patients in our gastric cancer database who underwent D2 dissection for gastric cancer at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 896 patients were enrolled into this study according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these patients, 214 received the XELOX regimen, 48 received FOLFOX6 therapy and 634 patients underwent surgery only without chemotherapy. Overall survival was compared among the three groups using Cox regression and propensity score matchedpair analyses. RESULTS: Patients in the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups were younger at the time of treatment (median age 55.2 years; 51.2 years vs 58.9 years), had more undifferentiated tumors (70.1%; 70.8% vs 61.4%), and more lymph node metastases (80.8%; 83.3% vs 57.7%), respectively. Overall 5-year survival was 57.3% in the XELOX group which was higher than that (47.5%) in the surgery only group (P = 0.062) and that (34.5%) in the FOLFOX6 group (P = 0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that XELOX therapy was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 0.564, P < 0.001). After propensity score adjustment, XELOX significantly increased overall 5-year survival compared to surgery only (58.2% vs 44.2%, P = 0.025) but not compared to FOLFOX6 therapy (48.5% vs 42.7%, P = 0.685). The incidence of grade 3/4 adverse reactions was similar between the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups, and more patients suffered from hand-foot syndrome in the XELOX group (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant XELOX therapy is associated with better survival in patients after D2 dissection, but does not result in a greater survival benefit compared with FOLFOX6 therapy.展开更多
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health problem that causes persistent liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.A large amount of people die annually from HBV i...Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health problem that causes persistent liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.A large amount of people die annually from HBV infection.However,the pathogenesises of the HBV-related diseases are ill defined and the therapeutic strategies for the diseases are less than optimum.The recently discovered microRNAs(miRNAs)are tiny noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression primarily at the post-transcriptional level by binding to mRNAs.miRNAs contribute to a variety of physiological and pathological processes.A number of miRNAs have been found to play a pivotal role in the host-virus interaction including host-HBV interaction.Numerous studies have indicated that HBV infection could change the cellular miRNA expression patterns and different stages of HBV associated disease have displayed distinctive miRNA profiles.Furthermore,the differential expressed miRNAs have been found involved in the progression of HBV-related diseases,for instance some miRNAs are involved in liver tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis.Studies have also shown that the circulating miRNA in serum or plasma might be a very useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HBV-related diseases.In addition,miRNA-based therapy strategies have attracted increasing attention,indicating a promising future in the treatment of HBV-related diseases.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)and to assess corresponding health-related quality of life(HRQoL)in hospitalized cirrhotic patients in China.METHODS:This multi-center cross-sect...AIM:To investigate the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)and to assess corresponding health-related quality of life(HRQoL)in hospitalized cirrhotic patients in China.METHODS:This multi-center cross-sectional study included 16 teaching hospitals,which were members of "Hepatobiliary Cooperation Group,Society of Gastroenterology,Chinese Medical Association",from different areas of China carried out between June and October in 2011.All the eligible hospitalized cirrhotic patients(n = 538)were required to complete triplicate number connection tests combined with one digit symbol test for diagnosing MHE.Patients' clinical examination data were complemented by a modified questionnaire assessing HRQoL.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.RESULTS:Male was predominant(68.6%)in 519 patients who met the criteria of the study,with a mean age of 49.17 ± 11.02 years.The most common cause of liver cirrhosis was chronic hepatitis B(55.9%).The prevalence of MHE was 39.9% and varied by ChildPugh-Classification score(CPC-A:24.8%,CPC-B:39.4% and CPC-C:56.1%,P < 0.01).MHE(P < 0.01)and higher CPC scores(P < 0.01)were associated with a high HRQoL scores(reflecting poorer quality of life).The prevalence of MHE was proportionate to CPC(P = 0.01)and high quality of life scores(P = 0.01).CONCLUSION:Hospitalized cirrhotic patients have a high prevalence of MHE that is proportionate to the degree of liver function and HRQoL impairment.展开更多
We report here the characterization of a five-generation Han Chinese family with Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON）. Strik- ingly, this Chinese family displayed high penetrance and expressivity of visual lo...We report here the characterization of a five-generation Han Chinese family with Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON）. Strik- ingly, this Chinese family displayed high penetrance and expressivity of visual loss. The average age-of-onset of vision loss was 18 years in this family. Nineteen （11 males/8 females） of 29 matrilineal relatives in this family developed visual loss with a wide range of severity, ranging from blindness to normal vision. Sequence analysis of mitochondrial genome in this pedigree revealed the presence of the ND4 G 11778A mutation and 44 other variants belonging to Asian haplogroup M7b. The G 11778A mutation is present at homoplasmy in matri- lineal relatives of this Chinese family. Of other variants, the C01 G6480A, ND5 T12811C and Cytb A15395G located at highly conserved residues of corresponding polypeptides. In fact, these variants were implicated to be involved in other clinical abnormalities. Here, these variants may act in synergy with the primary LHON-associated Gl1778A mutation. Thus, the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the primary ND4 G11778A mutation may be worsened by these mitochondrial variants. The results imply that the G6480A, T12811C and A15395G variants might have a potential modifier role in increasing the penetrance and expressivity of the primary LHON-associated G11778A mutation in this Chinese family.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of Xiyan-ping injection intervention in pediatric patients with mild hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD).METHODS: A total of 329 patients were stratified and block-randomized ...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of Xiyan-ping injection intervention in pediatric patients with mild hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD).METHODS: A total of 329 patients were stratified and block-randomized for symptomatic treatment of HFMD and assigned to one of the following groups: Western Medicine(group A, n = 103), Xiyanping injection(group B, n = 109), or Xiyanping injection and symptomatic treatment using Western Medicine(group C, n = 117). During the trial, fever,rash, ulcers of the mouth were observed among participants in each group before and after treatment, and conversion rates from mild to severe HFMD were measured.RESULTS: After 3-7 days' treatment, no significant differences in the conversion rates from mild to severe HFMD were observed among the three groups(P > 0.05). There was a significantly low number of patients with the onset time of antifebrile effect,vanished time of hand and foot rashes and cumulative time for the ulcers in the mouth vanished,among the three groups(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The onset time of antifebrile effect of patients in groups B and C were markedly shorter compared with those in group A(P < 0.05, P < 0.01); there was no statically significant difference observed between groups B and C(P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the time for body temperature recovery among the three groups(P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in adverse effects among the three groups(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Xiyanping injection together with use of Western Medicine is most effective for symptomatic treatment of mild HFMD. No severe adverse reactions were observed.展开更多
Agents to combine functions simultaneously are highly needed but still challenging in synergistic therapy.Particularly,capabilitiesto deplete glutathione(GSH)in tumors and monitor their process are also important.Ther...Agents to combine functions simultaneously are highly needed but still challenging in synergistic therapy.Particularly,capabilitiesto deplete glutathione(GSH)in tumors and monitor their process are also important.Therefore,platinum(II)metallacycles areprepared by using aggregation-induced emission active ligands.Despite their similar structures,high emission for Mh1 is obtained(PLQY=49.2%)in solids,but a PLQY of only 6.8%is recorded for Mh2.NIR emission in Mh2 can be turned-on in depleting GSH byreleasing emissive ligands.Also,both type I and type II reactive oxygen species(ROS)are obtained in Mh2 nanoparticles.Due to thedepletion of GSH and generation of ROS,oxidative stress in immunogenic cell death can be induced.By combining chemotherapyand photoimmunotherapy,synergistic therapy in vivo is obtained for Mh2-NPs to well inhibit the tumor growth,also showingantitumor immune effects in distant tumors.The work here provides some guidelines in designing the multi-functional agents,showing the great potentials in efficient cancer therapy.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the effect of low central venous pressure （LCVP） on blood loss during hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： By the method of sealed envelope, 50 HCC patients were randomize...AIM： To investigate the effect of low central venous pressure （LCVP） on blood loss during hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： By the method of sealed envelope, 50 HCC patients were randomized into LCVP group （n=25） and control group （n=25）. In LCVP group, CVP was maintained at 2-4 mmHg and systolic blood pressure （SBP） above 90 mmHg by manipulation of the patient＇s posture and administration of drugs during hepatectomy, while in control group hepatectomy was performed routinely without lowering CVP. The patients＇ preoperative conditions, volume of blood loss during hepatectomy, volume of blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, changes in hepatic and renal functions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： There were no significant differences in patients＇ preoperative conditions, maximal tumor dimension, pattern of hepatectomy, duration of vascular occlusion, operation time, weight of resected liver tissues, incidence of post-operative complications, hepatic and renal functions between the two groups. LCVP group had a markedly lower volume of total intraoperative blood loss and blood loss during hepatectomy than the control group, being 903.9 ± 180.8 mL vs 2 329.4 ±2 538.4 （W=495.5, P〈0.01） and 672.4±429.9 mL vs 1 662.6±1 932.1 （W=543.5, P〈0.01）. There were no remarkable differences in the pre-resection and post-resection blood losses between the two groups. The length of hospital stay was significantly shortened in LCVP group as compared with the control group, being 16.3±6.8 d vs 21.5 ± 8.6 d （W= 532.5, P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION： LCVP is easily achievable in technique. Maintenance of CVP ≤4 mmHg can help reduce blood loss during hepatectomy, shorten the length of hospital stay, and has no detrimental effects on hepatic or renal function.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer （GC） in Zhuanghe region, northeast China and the influencing factors for their changing trends.METHODS： All new cancer cases and deaths registered ...AIM： To investigate the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer （GC） in Zhuanghe region, northeast China and the influencing factors for their changing trends.METHODS： All new cancer cases and deaths registered from 2005 to 2010 in Zhuanghe County were reviewed. The annual GC cases, constituent ratio, crude rates,age-standardized rates, their sex and age distribution and temporal trends were assessed. The method of annual percentage change （APC） was used to estimate the trends of GC.RESULTS： Altogether 2634 new cases of GC and 1722 related deaths were registered, which accounted for 21.04% and 19.13% of all cancer-related incidence and deaths, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate steadily decreased from 57.48 in 2005 to 44.53 in 2010 per 10^5 males, and from 18.13 to 14.70 per 10s females, resulting in a APC of -5.81% for males and -2.89% for females over the entire period. The magnitude of APC in GC mortality amounted to -11.09% and -15.23%, respectively, as the agestandardized mortality rate steadily decreased from 42.08 in 2005 to 23.71 in 2010 per 10^5 males, and from 23.86 to 10.78 per 10^5 females. Females had a significantly lower incidence （a male/female ratio 2.80, P 〈 0.001） and mortality （a male/female ratio 2.30, P 〈 0.001）. In both genders, the peak incidence and mortality occurred in the 80-84 years age group. The age-standardized mortality/incidence ratio also decreased from the peak of 0.73 in 2005 to 0.53 in 2010 for males, and from 1.32 to 0.73 for females.CONCLUSION： Encouraging declines of incidence and mortality of GC were observed in Zhuanghe region between 2005 and 2010, possibly due to the economic development and efficient GC control strategies.展开更多
AIM： To study the relationship between MCP-1-2518A/ G, IL-8-251A/T polymorphism and acute pancreatitis （AP） in the Han population of Suzhou, China. METHODS： A case-control study was conducted to compare the distri...AIM： To study the relationship between MCP-1-2518A/ G, IL-8-251A/T polymorphism and acute pancreatitis （AP） in the Han population of Suzhou, China. METHODS： A case-control study was conducted to compare the distribution of genotype and genetic frequency of MCP-1-2518A/G, IL-8-251A/T gene polymorphism among AP （n = 101）, including mild AP （n = 78） and severe AP （n = 23） and control healthy individuals （n = 120） with polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） and DNA sequencing, and analyze the relationship between the MCP-1-2518A/G, IL-8-251A/T gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to AP. RESULTS： Significant differences were found in the distribution of genotype of MCP-1-2518A/G between the healthy control group and mild AP group （χ^2 = 32.015, P 〈 0.001）, the same was evident between the healthy control group and severe AP group （χ^2 = 12.932, P 〈 0.05） in Suzhou. However, no difference of genotypic distribution was noted between MAP and SAP （Z2 = 0.006, P = 0.997）. The genetic frequencies of G allele in mild AP were 72.4% （113/156） and 76.1% （35/46） in severe AP, both were higher than the controls, 47.1% （113/240） （χ^2 = 24.804; P 〈 0.001, and 4,2 = 13：005; P 〈 0.001）, but no difference was found between severe AP and mild AP （χ^2 = 0.242, P = 0.623）. No difference was found in the distribution of genotype of IL-8-251A/T between the healthy control group and AP group neither in the frequency of A and T allele. CONCLUSION： The MCP-1-2518 AA genotype of the population in Suzhou may be a protective genotype of AP, while one with higher frequency of G allele is more likely to suffer from pancreatitis. But the genotype of AA and the frequency of G allele could not predict the risk of severe AP. No correlation is found between the IL-8-251 polymorphism and the liability of AP.展开更多
AIM:To study the differential expression of Annexin A1(ANXA1)protein in human gastric adenocarcinoma.This study was also designed to analyze the relationship between ANXA1 expression and the clinicopathological parame...AIM:To study the differential expression of Annexin A1(ANXA1)protein in human gastric adenocarcinoma.This study was also designed to analyze the relationship between ANXA1 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of gastric carcinoma.METHODS:Purified gastric adenocarcinoma cells(GAC)and normal gastric epithelial cells(NGEC)were obtained from 15 patients with gastric cancer by laser capture microdissection.All of the peptide specimens were labeled as18O/16O after trypsin digestion.Differential protein expressions were quantitatively identified between GAC and NGEC by nanoliter-reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectrometry(nanoRPLC-MS/MS).The expressions of ANXA1 in GAC and NGEC were verified by western blot analysis.The tissue microarray containing the expressed ANXA1 in 75 pairs of gastric carcinoma and paracarcinoma specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The relationship between ANXA1 expression and clinicopathological parametes of gastric carcinoma was analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 78 differential proteins were identified.Western blotting revealed that ANXA1 expression was significantly upregulated in GAC(2.17/1,P<0.01).IHC results showed the correlations between ANXA1protein expression and the clinicopathological parameters,including invasive depth(T stage),lymph node metastasis(N stage),distant metastasis(M stage)and tumour-lymph node metastasis stage(P<0.01).However,the correlations between ANXA1 protein expression and the remaining clinicopathological parameters,including sex,age,histological differentiation and the size of tumour were not found(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The upregulated ANXA1 expression may be associated with carcinogenesis,progression,invasion and metastasis of GAC.This protein could be considered as a biomarker of clinical prognostic prediction and targeted therapy of GAC.展开更多
AIM: To screen out the differentially methylated DNA sequences between gastric primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes, test the methylation difference of gene PTPRG between primary gastric tumor and metastatic lymph...AIM: To screen out the differentially methylated DNA sequences between gastric primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes, test the methylation difference of gene PTPRG between primary gastric tumor and metastatic lymph nodes, and test the regulatory function of 5-aza- 2-deoxycytidine which is an agent with suppression on methylation and the level of methylation in gastric cancer cell line. METHODS: Methylated DNA sequences in genome were enriched with methylated CpG islands amplification (MCA) to undergo representational difference analysis (RDA), with MCA production of metastatic lymph nodes as tester and that of primary tumor as driver. The obtained differentially methylated fragments were cloned and sequenced to acquire the base sequence, which was analyzed with bioinformatics. With methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and RT-PCR, methylation difference of gene PTPRG was detected between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes in 36 cases of gastric cancer. Methylation of gene PTPRG and its regulated expression were observed in gastric cancer cell line before and after being treated with methylation-suppressive agent. RESULTS: Nineteen differentially methylated sequences were obtained and located at 5' end, exons, introns and 3' end, in which KL59 was observed to be located at 9p21 as the first exon of gene p16 and KL22 to be located at promoter region of PRPRG . KL22, as the probes, was hybridized with driver, tester and 3-round RDA products respectively with all positive signals except with the driver. Significant difference was observed in both methylation rate of gene PTPRG and PTPRG mRNA expression rate between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes. Demethylation of gene PTPRG, with recovered expression of PTPRG mRNA, was observed after gastric cancer cell line being treated with methylation-suppressive agent. CONCLUSION: Difference exists in DNA methylation between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer, with MCA-RDA as one of the good analytical methods. Significant difference exists in methylation of gene PTPRG between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer. Methylation level in gastric cancer cell line can be decreased by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, which is the methylation- suppressive agent, with PTPRG expression being recovered.展开更多
AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastat...AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph nodes cases were enrolled from Linzhou, the high incidence area for ESCC in Henan, northern China. The comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was applied to determine the chromosomal aberrations on the DNA extracted from the frozen ESCC and metastatic lymph node samples from these patients. RESULTS: CGH showed chromosomal aberrations in all the cases. In 37 cases of primary ESCC, chromosomal profile of DNA copy number was characterized by frequently detected gains at 8q (29/37, 78%), 3q (24/37, 65%), 5p (19/37, 51%); and frequently detected losses at 3p (21/37, 57%), 8p and 9q (14/37, 38%). In 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph node cases, the majority of the chromosomal aberrations in both primary tumor and metastatic lymph node lesions were consistent with the primary ESCC cases, but new candidate regions of interest were also detected. The most significant finding is the gains of chromosome 6p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 6p12-6q12 in 7 metastatic lymph nodes butonly in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P = 0.05) and 20p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 20p12 in 11 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 5 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). Another interesting finding is the loss of chromosome 10p and 10q in 8 and 7 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Using the CGH technique to detect chromosomal aberrations in both the primary tumor and its metastatic lymph nodes of ESCC, gains of 8q, 3q and 5p and loss of 3p, 8p, 9q and 13q were specifically implicated in ESCC in Linzhou population. Gains of 6p and 20p and loss of 10pq may contribute to the lymph node metastasis of ESCC. These findings suggest that the gains and losses of chromosomal regions may contain ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and provide important theoretic information for identifying and cloning novel ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.展开更多
AIM:To compare the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel combined with fluorouracil plus cisplatin(PCF),and oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil plus leucovorin(FOLFOX-4) regimens for advanced gastric cancer(AGC).METHOD...AIM:To compare the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel combined with fluorouracil plus cisplatin(PCF),and oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil plus leucovorin(FOLFOX-4) regimens for advanced gastric cancer(AGC).METHODS:Ninety-four patients with AGC were randomly assigned to receive paclitaxel(50 mg/m2 iv) on days 1,8 and 15,cisplatin(20 mg/m2 iv) and ? uorouracil(750 mg/m2 iv) on days 1-5,or oxaliplatin(85 mg/m2 iv) and leucovorin(200 mg/m2 iv) on day 1,followed by bolus fluorouracil(400 mg/m2 iv) and fluorouracil(600 mg/m2 iv) on days 1 and 2.The primary end point was the 1-year survival time.RESULTS:The overall response rate(ORR) of the pa-tients was 48.0% and 45.5% to PCF and FOLFOX-4,respectively.The disease control rate(DCR) of PCF and FOLFOX-4 was 82.0% and 81.8%,respectively.The median survival times(MSTs) of the patients were 10.8 and 9.9 mo,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.The 1-year survival rate of the patients was 36.0% and 34.1%,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.No significant difference was observed in ORR,DCR,MST or 1-year survival rate between the two groups.The most common adverse events were anemia,nausea and vomiting,and grade 3/4 alopecia in PCF treatment group,and anemia,grade 1/2 neurotoxic effect and grade 3/4 neutropenia in FOLFOX-4 treatment group.CONCLUSION:Patients with AGC have a similar response rate to PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens with a similar survival rate.The PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens are efficacious and tolerable as a promising therapy for AGC.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the protective effects of ilomastat, an exogenous matrix metalloproteinase （MMP） inhibitor, on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid （TNB）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats. METHODS： Male SD rats...AIM： To evaluate the protective effects of ilomastat, an exogenous matrix metalloproteinase （MMP） inhibitor, on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid （TNB）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats. METHODS： Male SD rats were randomly divided into model group, protective groups A and B, and normal control group. Rats in the model group received only intra-colonic TNB. Rats in the protective groups A and B received intra-peritoneal ilomastat of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, beside TNB. Rats in the normal control group received only intra-colonic normal saline. After 3 wk, segments of colon were obtained. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used for pathological study. RESULTS： The model of UC was successfully induced in rats. Inflammation of colonic mucosa greatly improved in protective groups A and B. Expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the model group, protective groups A and B was significantly higher than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.0001） with MMP-1 expression increased more significantly than TIMP-1 expression. Expression of MMP-1 in protective groups A and B was significantly lower than that in the model group （P 〈 0.0001）. Expression of MMP-1 in protective group B was significantly lower than that in protective group A （P 〈 0.0001）. CONCLUSION： IIomastat improves TNB-induced UC in rats by inhibiting the MMP-1 activity.展开更多
Dear Editor, Transverse testicular ectopia （TTE） is a rare condition whereby both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. Most of the cases （65%） are diagnosed intraoperatively during an inguinal hernia repai...Dear Editor, Transverse testicular ectopia （TTE） is a rare condition whereby both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. Most of the cases （65%） are diagnosed intraoperatively during an inguinal hernia repair; only few are diagnosed preoperatively.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key Program for Infectious Diseases of China to Yang YD,2013ZX1000200112th Five-Year Significant New Drugs Creation Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China toYangYD,2011ZX09302-003-03
文摘AIM:To compare efficacy of combined lamivudine(LAM)and adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)therapy with that of entecavir(ETV)monotherapy for hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related decompensated liver cirrhosis.METHODS:A total of 120 na ve patients with HBVrelated decompensated cirrhosis participated in this study.Sixty patients were treated with combined LAM and ADV therapy(LAM+ADV group),while the other60 were treated with ETV monotherapy(ETV group)for two years.Tests for liver and kidney function,alpha-fetoprotein,HBV serum markers,HBV DNA load,prothrombin time(PT),and ultrasonography or computed tomography scan of the liver were performed every1 to 3 mo.Repeated measure ANOVA and theχ2test were performed to compare the efficacy,side effects,and the cumulative survival rates at 48 and 96 wk.RESULTS:Forty-five patients in each group were observed for 96 wk.No significant differences in HBV DNA negative rates and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)normalization rates at weeks 48(χ2=2.12 and 2.88)and96(χ2=3.21 and 3.24)between the two groups were observed.Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rate in the LAM+ADV group at week 96 was significantly higher in the ETV group(43.5%vs 36.4%,χ2=4.09,P<0.05).Viral breakthrough occurred in 2 cases(4.4%)by week 48 and in 3 cases(6.7%)by week 96 in the LAM+ADV group,and no viral mutation was detected.In the ETV group,viral breakthrough occurred in 1 case(2.2%)at the end of week 96.An increase in albumin(F=18.9 and 17.3),decrease in total bilirubin and in ALT(F=16.5,17.1 and 23.7,24.8),reduced PT(F=22.7 and 24.5),and improved Child-Turcotte-Pugh and the model for end-stage liver disease scores(F=18.5,17.8,and 24.2,23.8)were observed in both groups.The cumulative rates of mortality and liver transplantation were 16.7%(10/60)and 18.3%(11/60)in the LAM+ADV and ETV groups,respectively.CONCLUSION:Both LAM+ADV combination therapy and ETV monotherapy can effectively inhibit HBV replication,improve liver function,and decrease mortality.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.16BGL183).
文摘Many high quality studies have emerged from public databases,such as Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER),National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES),The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA),and Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care(MIMIC);however,these data are often characterized by a high degree of dimensional heterogeneity,timeliness,scarcity,irregularity,and other characteristics,resulting in the value of these data not being fully utilized.Data-mining technology has been a frontier field in medical research,as it demonstrates excellent performance in evaluating patient risks and assisting clinical decision-making in building disease-prediction models.Therefore,data mining has unique advantages in clinical big-data research,especially in large-scale medical public databases.This article introduced the main medical public database and described the steps,tasks,and models of data mining in simple language.Additionally,we described data-mining methods along with their practical applications.The goal of this work was to aid clinical researchers in gaining a clear and intuitive understanding of the application of data-mining technology on clinical big-data in order to promote the production of research results that are beneficial to doctors and patients.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30700805 and 81272643Project 5010 from Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 20100816Young Teacher Training Project of SunYat-Sen University, No. 09ykpy49
文摘AIM: To compare the efficacy of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) in gastric cancer patients after D2 dissection. METHODS: Between May 2004 and June 2010, patients in our gastric cancer database who underwent D2 dissection for gastric cancer at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 896 patients were enrolled into this study according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these patients, 214 received the XELOX regimen, 48 received FOLFOX6 therapy and 634 patients underwent surgery only without chemotherapy. Overall survival was compared among the three groups using Cox regression and propensity score matchedpair analyses. RESULTS: Patients in the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups were younger at the time of treatment (median age 55.2 years; 51.2 years vs 58.9 years), had more undifferentiated tumors (70.1%; 70.8% vs 61.4%), and more lymph node metastases (80.8%; 83.3% vs 57.7%), respectively. Overall 5-year survival was 57.3% in the XELOX group which was higher than that (47.5%) in the surgery only group (P = 0.062) and that (34.5%) in the FOLFOX6 group (P = 0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that XELOX therapy was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 0.564, P < 0.001). After propensity score adjustment, XELOX significantly increased overall 5-year survival compared to surgery only (58.2% vs 44.2%, P = 0.025) but not compared to FOLFOX6 therapy (48.5% vs 42.7%, P = 0.685). The incidence of grade 3/4 adverse reactions was similar between the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups, and more patients suffered from hand-foot syndrome in the XELOX group (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant XELOX therapy is associated with better survival in patients after D2 dissection, but does not result in a greater survival benefit compared with FOLFOX6 therapy.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 8127181012-5 state S and T Projects for infectious diseases,No. 2012ZX10002-007+1 种基金Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China,No. 20120101110009the National Basic Research Program,No. 2013CB531405
文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a global public health problem that causes persistent liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.A large amount of people die annually from HBV infection.However,the pathogenesises of the HBV-related diseases are ill defined and the therapeutic strategies for the diseases are less than optimum.The recently discovered microRNAs(miRNAs)are tiny noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression primarily at the post-transcriptional level by binding to mRNAs.miRNAs contribute to a variety of physiological and pathological processes.A number of miRNAs have been found to play a pivotal role in the host-virus interaction including host-HBV interaction.Numerous studies have indicated that HBV infection could change the cellular miRNA expression patterns and different stages of HBV associated disease have displayed distinctive miRNA profiles.Furthermore,the differential expressed miRNAs have been found involved in the progression of HBV-related diseases,for instance some miRNAs are involved in liver tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis.Studies have also shown that the circulating miRNA in serum or plasma might be a very useful biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HBV-related diseases.In addition,miRNA-based therapy strategies have attracted increasing attention,indicating a promising future in the treatment of HBV-related diseases.
文摘AIM:To investigate the prevalence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE)and to assess corresponding health-related quality of life(HRQoL)in hospitalized cirrhotic patients in China.METHODS:This multi-center cross-sectional study included 16 teaching hospitals,which were members of "Hepatobiliary Cooperation Group,Society of Gastroenterology,Chinese Medical Association",from different areas of China carried out between June and October in 2011.All the eligible hospitalized cirrhotic patients(n = 538)were required to complete triplicate number connection tests combined with one digit symbol test for diagnosing MHE.Patients' clinical examination data were complemented by a modified questionnaire assessing HRQoL.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.RESULTS:Male was predominant(68.6%)in 519 patients who met the criteria of the study,with a mean age of 49.17 ± 11.02 years.The most common cause of liver cirrhosis was chronic hepatitis B(55.9%).The prevalence of MHE was 39.9% and varied by ChildPugh-Classification score(CPC-A:24.8%,CPC-B:39.4% and CPC-C:56.1%,P < 0.01).MHE(P < 0.01)and higher CPC scores(P < 0.01)were associated with a high HRQoL scores(reflecting poorer quality of life).The prevalence of MHE was proportionate to CPC(P = 0.01)and high quality of life scores(P = 0.01).CONCLUSION:Hospitalized cirrhotic patients have a high prevalence of MHE that is proportionate to the degree of liver function and HRQoL impairment.
基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation（ZB0202）；Chinese Young Scholar Award（No.30628013）；the National Science Foundation of China to M.X.G and the Key Research and Development Program from Zhejiang Province（No.2004C14005）to J.Q.
文摘We report here the characterization of a five-generation Han Chinese family with Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON）. Strik- ingly, this Chinese family displayed high penetrance and expressivity of visual loss. The average age-of-onset of vision loss was 18 years in this family. Nineteen （11 males/8 females） of 29 matrilineal relatives in this family developed visual loss with a wide range of severity, ranging from blindness to normal vision. Sequence analysis of mitochondrial genome in this pedigree revealed the presence of the ND4 G 11778A mutation and 44 other variants belonging to Asian haplogroup M7b. The G 11778A mutation is present at homoplasmy in matri- lineal relatives of this Chinese family. Of other variants, the C01 G6480A, ND5 T12811C and Cytb A15395G located at highly conserved residues of corresponding polypeptides. In fact, these variants were implicated to be involved in other clinical abnormalities. Here, these variants may act in synergy with the primary LHON-associated Gl1778A mutation. Thus, the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the primary ND4 G11778A mutation may be worsened by these mitochondrial variants. The results imply that the G6480A, T12811C and A15395G variants might have a potential modifier role in increasing the penetrance and expressivity of the primary LHON-associated G11778A mutation in this Chinese family.
基金Supported by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.200907001)Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81603574)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of Xiyan-ping injection intervention in pediatric patients with mild hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD).METHODS: A total of 329 patients were stratified and block-randomized for symptomatic treatment of HFMD and assigned to one of the following groups: Western Medicine(group A, n = 103), Xiyanping injection(group B, n = 109), or Xiyanping injection and symptomatic treatment using Western Medicine(group C, n = 117). During the trial, fever,rash, ulcers of the mouth were observed among participants in each group before and after treatment, and conversion rates from mild to severe HFMD were measured.RESULTS: After 3-7 days' treatment, no significant differences in the conversion rates from mild to severe HFMD were observed among the three groups(P > 0.05). There was a significantly low number of patients with the onset time of antifebrile effect,vanished time of hand and foot rashes and cumulative time for the ulcers in the mouth vanished,among the three groups(P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The onset time of antifebrile effect of patients in groups B and C were markedly shorter compared with those in group A(P < 0.05, P < 0.01); there was no statically significant difference observed between groups B and C(P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the time for body temperature recovery among the three groups(P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in adverse effects among the three groups(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Xiyanping injection together with use of Western Medicine is most effective for symptomatic treatment of mild HFMD. No severe adverse reactions were observed.
基金the financial support from the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(U24A20523,22475166,52203239 and22271198)the“Young Talent Support Plan”of Xi’an Jiao Tong Universityand also the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities ofXi’an Jiao Tong University(xtr052025015).
文摘Agents to combine functions simultaneously are highly needed but still challenging in synergistic therapy.Particularly,capabilitiesto deplete glutathione(GSH)in tumors and monitor their process are also important.Therefore,platinum(II)metallacycles areprepared by using aggregation-induced emission active ligands.Despite their similar structures,high emission for Mh1 is obtained(PLQY=49.2%)in solids,but a PLQY of only 6.8%is recorded for Mh2.NIR emission in Mh2 can be turned-on in depleting GSH byreleasing emissive ligands.Also,both type I and type II reactive oxygen species(ROS)are obtained in Mh2 nanoparticles.Due to thedepletion of GSH and generation of ROS,oxidative stress in immunogenic cell death can be induced.By combining chemotherapyand photoimmunotherapy,synergistic therapy in vivo is obtained for Mh2-NPs to well inhibit the tumor growth,also showingantitumor immune effects in distant tumors.The work here provides some guidelines in designing the multi-functional agents,showing the great potentials in efficient cancer therapy.
文摘AIM： To investigate the effect of low central venous pressure （LCVP） on blood loss during hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： By the method of sealed envelope, 50 HCC patients were randomized into LCVP group （n=25） and control group （n=25）. In LCVP group, CVP was maintained at 2-4 mmHg and systolic blood pressure （SBP） above 90 mmHg by manipulation of the patient＇s posture and administration of drugs during hepatectomy, while in control group hepatectomy was performed routinely without lowering CVP. The patients＇ preoperative conditions, volume of blood loss during hepatectomy, volume of blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, changes in hepatic and renal functions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS： There were no significant differences in patients＇ preoperative conditions, maximal tumor dimension, pattern of hepatectomy, duration of vascular occlusion, operation time, weight of resected liver tissues, incidence of post-operative complications, hepatic and renal functions between the two groups. LCVP group had a markedly lower volume of total intraoperative blood loss and blood loss during hepatectomy than the control group, being 903.9 ± 180.8 mL vs 2 329.4 ±2 538.4 （W=495.5, P〈0.01） and 672.4±429.9 mL vs 1 662.6±1 932.1 （W=543.5, P〈0.01）. There were no remarkable differences in the pre-resection and post-resection blood losses between the two groups. The length of hospital stay was significantly shortened in LCVP group as compared with the control group, being 16.3±6.8 d vs 21.5 ± 8.6 d （W= 532.5, P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION： LCVP is easily achievable in technique. Maintenance of CVP ≤4 mmHg can help reduce blood loss during hepatectomy, shorten the length of hospital stay, and has no detrimental effects on hepatic or renal function.
基金Supported by Grants from the Tenth Five-Year Program for National Scientific Key Project of China,No.2004BA703B06-2973 National Basic Research Development Program of China,No.2010CB529304the funds for scientific research fromthe Financial Department of Liaoning Province,China,No.2008-621
文摘AIM： To investigate the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer （GC） in Zhuanghe region, northeast China and the influencing factors for their changing trends.METHODS： All new cancer cases and deaths registered from 2005 to 2010 in Zhuanghe County were reviewed. The annual GC cases, constituent ratio, crude rates,age-standardized rates, their sex and age distribution and temporal trends were assessed. The method of annual percentage change （APC） was used to estimate the trends of GC.RESULTS： Altogether 2634 new cases of GC and 1722 related deaths were registered, which accounted for 21.04% and 19.13% of all cancer-related incidence and deaths, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate steadily decreased from 57.48 in 2005 to 44.53 in 2010 per 10^5 males, and from 18.13 to 14.70 per 10s females, resulting in a APC of -5.81% for males and -2.89% for females over the entire period. The magnitude of APC in GC mortality amounted to -11.09% and -15.23%, respectively, as the agestandardized mortality rate steadily decreased from 42.08 in 2005 to 23.71 in 2010 per 10^5 males, and from 23.86 to 10.78 per 10^5 females. Females had a significantly lower incidence （a male/female ratio 2.80, P 〈 0.001） and mortality （a male/female ratio 2.30, P 〈 0.001）. In both genders, the peak incidence and mortality occurred in the 80-84 years age group. The age-standardized mortality/incidence ratio also decreased from the peak of 0.73 in 2005 to 0.53 in 2010 for males, and from 1.32 to 0.73 for females.CONCLUSION： Encouraging declines of incidence and mortality of GC were observed in Zhuanghe region between 2005 and 2010, possibly due to the economic development and efficient GC control strategies.
文摘AIM： To study the relationship between MCP-1-2518A/ G, IL-8-251A/T polymorphism and acute pancreatitis （AP） in the Han population of Suzhou, China. METHODS： A case-control study was conducted to compare the distribution of genotype and genetic frequency of MCP-1-2518A/G, IL-8-251A/T gene polymorphism among AP （n = 101）, including mild AP （n = 78） and severe AP （n = 23） and control healthy individuals （n = 120） with polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） and DNA sequencing, and analyze the relationship between the MCP-1-2518A/G, IL-8-251A/T gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to AP. RESULTS： Significant differences were found in the distribution of genotype of MCP-1-2518A/G between the healthy control group and mild AP group （χ^2 = 32.015, P 〈 0.001）, the same was evident between the healthy control group and severe AP group （χ^2 = 12.932, P 〈 0.05） in Suzhou. However, no difference of genotypic distribution was noted between MAP and SAP （Z2 = 0.006, P = 0.997）. The genetic frequencies of G allele in mild AP were 72.4% （113/156） and 76.1% （35/46） in severe AP, both were higher than the controls, 47.1% （113/240） （χ^2 = 24.804; P 〈 0.001, and 4,2 = 13：005; P 〈 0.001）, but no difference was found between severe AP and mild AP （χ^2 = 0.242, P = 0.623）. No difference was found in the distribution of genotype of IL-8-251A/T between the healthy control group and AP group neither in the frequency of A and T allele. CONCLUSION： The MCP-1-2518 AA genotype of the population in Suzhou may be a protective genotype of AP, while one with higher frequency of G allele is more likely to suffer from pancreatitis. But the genotype of AA and the frequency of G allele could not predict the risk of severe AP. No correlation is found between the IL-8-251 polymorphism and the liability of AP.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81001101Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China,No.2010211B20
文摘AIM:To study the differential expression of Annexin A1(ANXA1)protein in human gastric adenocarcinoma.This study was also designed to analyze the relationship between ANXA1 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of gastric carcinoma.METHODS:Purified gastric adenocarcinoma cells(GAC)and normal gastric epithelial cells(NGEC)were obtained from 15 patients with gastric cancer by laser capture microdissection.All of the peptide specimens were labeled as18O/16O after trypsin digestion.Differential protein expressions were quantitatively identified between GAC and NGEC by nanoliter-reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass/mass spectrometry(nanoRPLC-MS/MS).The expressions of ANXA1 in GAC and NGEC were verified by western blot analysis.The tissue microarray containing the expressed ANXA1 in 75 pairs of gastric carcinoma and paracarcinoma specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).The relationship between ANXA1 expression and clinicopathological parametes of gastric carcinoma was analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 78 differential proteins were identified.Western blotting revealed that ANXA1 expression was significantly upregulated in GAC(2.17/1,P<0.01).IHC results showed the correlations between ANXA1protein expression and the clinicopathological parameters,including invasive depth(T stage),lymph node metastasis(N stage),distant metastasis(M stage)and tumour-lymph node metastasis stage(P<0.01).However,the correlations between ANXA1 protein expression and the remaining clinicopathological parameters,including sex,age,histological differentiation and the size of tumour were not found(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The upregulated ANXA1 expression may be associated with carcinogenesis,progression,invasion and metastasis of GAC.This protein could be considered as a biomarker of clinical prognostic prediction and targeted therapy of GAC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.30271477 and No.30572162 the Special Scientific Research Foundation for Doctors, State Education Ministry, No.20050159001
文摘AIM: To screen out the differentially methylated DNA sequences between gastric primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes, test the methylation difference of gene PTPRG between primary gastric tumor and metastatic lymph nodes, and test the regulatory function of 5-aza- 2-deoxycytidine which is an agent with suppression on methylation and the level of methylation in gastric cancer cell line. METHODS: Methylated DNA sequences in genome were enriched with methylated CpG islands amplification (MCA) to undergo representational difference analysis (RDA), with MCA production of metastatic lymph nodes as tester and that of primary tumor as driver. The obtained differentially methylated fragments were cloned and sequenced to acquire the base sequence, which was analyzed with bioinformatics. With methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and RT-PCR, methylation difference of gene PTPRG was detected between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes in 36 cases of gastric cancer. Methylation of gene PTPRG and its regulated expression were observed in gastric cancer cell line before and after being treated with methylation-suppressive agent. RESULTS: Nineteen differentially methylated sequences were obtained and located at 5' end, exons, introns and 3' end, in which KL59 was observed to be located at 9p21 as the first exon of gene p16 and KL22 to be located at promoter region of PRPRG . KL22, as the probes, was hybridized with driver, tester and 3-round RDA products respectively with all positive signals except with the driver. Significant difference was observed in both methylation rate of gene PTPRG and PTPRG mRNA expression rate between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes. Demethylation of gene PTPRG, with recovered expression of PTPRG mRNA, was observed after gastric cancer cell line being treated with methylation-suppressive agent. CONCLUSION: Difference exists in DNA methylation between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer, with MCA-RDA as one of the good analytical methods. Significant difference exists in methylation of gene PTPRG between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer. Methylation level in gastric cancer cell line can be decreased by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, which is the methylation- suppressive agent, with PTPRG expression being recovered.
基金Supported by The Science and Technology Fund of Henan Health Department, No. 2007-026
文摘AIM: To characterize cytogenetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its metastasis. METHODS: A total of 37 cases of primary ESCC and 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph nodes cases were enrolled from Linzhou, the high incidence area for ESCC in Henan, northern China. The comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was applied to determine the chromosomal aberrations on the DNA extracted from the frozen ESCC and metastatic lymph node samples from these patients. RESULTS: CGH showed chromosomal aberrations in all the cases. In 37 cases of primary ESCC, chromosomal profile of DNA copy number was characterized by frequently detected gains at 8q (29/37, 78%), 3q (24/37, 65%), 5p (19/37, 51%); and frequently detected losses at 3p (21/37, 57%), 8p and 9q (14/37, 38%). In 15 pairs of primary ESCC tumors and their matched metastatic lymph node cases, the majority of the chromosomal aberrations in both primary tumor and metastatic lymph node lesions were consistent with the primary ESCC cases, but new candidate regions of interest were also detected. The most significant finding is the gains of chromosome 6p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 6p12-6q12 in 7 metastatic lymph nodes butonly in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P = 0.05) and 20p with a minimum high-level amplification region at 20p12 in 11 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 5 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). Another interesting finding is the loss of chromosome 10p and 10q in 8 and 7 metastatic lymph nodes but only in 2 corresponding primary tumors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Using the CGH technique to detect chromosomal aberrations in both the primary tumor and its metastatic lymph nodes of ESCC, gains of 8q, 3q and 5p and loss of 3p, 8p, 9q and 13q were specifically implicated in ESCC in Linzhou population. Gains of 6p and 20p and loss of 10pq may contribute to the lymph node metastasis of ESCC. These findings suggest that the gains and losses of chromosomal regions may contain ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and provide important theoretic information for identifying and cloning novel ESCC-related oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30872176, 30950022 and 30972703Jiangsu Province of China, No. K200403Department of Public Health and Department of Science and Technology (BS2005616)
文摘AIM:To compare the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel combined with fluorouracil plus cisplatin(PCF),and oxaliplatin combined with fluorouracil plus leucovorin(FOLFOX-4) regimens for advanced gastric cancer(AGC).METHODS:Ninety-four patients with AGC were randomly assigned to receive paclitaxel(50 mg/m2 iv) on days 1,8 and 15,cisplatin(20 mg/m2 iv) and ? uorouracil(750 mg/m2 iv) on days 1-5,or oxaliplatin(85 mg/m2 iv) and leucovorin(200 mg/m2 iv) on day 1,followed by bolus fluorouracil(400 mg/m2 iv) and fluorouracil(600 mg/m2 iv) on days 1 and 2.The primary end point was the 1-year survival time.RESULTS:The overall response rate(ORR) of the pa-tients was 48.0% and 45.5% to PCF and FOLFOX-4,respectively.The disease control rate(DCR) of PCF and FOLFOX-4 was 82.0% and 81.8%,respectively.The median survival times(MSTs) of the patients were 10.8 and 9.9 mo,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.The 1-year survival rate of the patients was 36.0% and 34.1%,respectively,after treatment with PCF and FOLFOX-4.No significant difference was observed in ORR,DCR,MST or 1-year survival rate between the two groups.The most common adverse events were anemia,nausea and vomiting,and grade 3/4 alopecia in PCF treatment group,and anemia,grade 1/2 neurotoxic effect and grade 3/4 neutropenia in FOLFOX-4 treatment group.CONCLUSION:Patients with AGC have a similar response rate to PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens with a similar survival rate.The PCF and FOLFOX-4 regimens are efficacious and tolerable as a promising therapy for AGC.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the protective effects of ilomastat, an exogenous matrix metalloproteinase （MMP） inhibitor, on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid （TNB）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） in rats. METHODS： Male SD rats were randomly divided into model group, protective groups A and B, and normal control group. Rats in the model group received only intra-colonic TNB. Rats in the protective groups A and B received intra-peritoneal ilomastat of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, beside TNB. Rats in the normal control group received only intra-colonic normal saline. After 3 wk, segments of colon were obtained. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used for pathological study. RESULTS： The model of UC was successfully induced in rats. Inflammation of colonic mucosa greatly improved in protective groups A and B. Expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the model group, protective groups A and B was significantly higher than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.0001） with MMP-1 expression increased more significantly than TIMP-1 expression. Expression of MMP-1 in protective groups A and B was significantly lower than that in the model group （P 〈 0.0001）. Expression of MMP-1 in protective group B was significantly lower than that in protective group A （P 〈 0.0001）. CONCLUSION： IIomastat improves TNB-induced UC in rats by inhibiting the MMP-1 activity.
文摘Dear Editor, Transverse testicular ectopia （TTE） is a rare condition whereby both testes migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. Most of the cases （65%） are diagnosed intraoperatively during an inguinal hernia repair; only few are diagnosed preoperatively.
