This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum tem...This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and sunshine duration observed on the plateau from 1961 to 2008. The temporal-spatial distribution, anomaly distribution and sub-regional temporal variations of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions were analyzed as well. The results showed a decreasing trend in the annual average surface humidity from the southeast to the northwest in the research anna. Over the period of 1961-2008, an aridification tendency appeared sharply in the central interior region of the Loess Plateau, and less sharply in the middle part of the region. The border region showed the weakest tendency ol; aridification. It is clear that aridification diffused in all directions from the interior region. The spatial anomaly distribution of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions on the Loess Plateau can be divided into three key areas： the southern, western and eastern regions. The terrestrial annual humidity index displayed a significantly descending trend and showed remarkable abrupt changes from wet to dry in the years 1967, 1977 and 1979. In the above mentioned three key areas for dry and wet conditions, the terrestrial annual humidity index exhibited a fluctuation period of 3-4 years, while in the southern region, a fluctuation period of 7-8 years existed at the same time.展开更多
A novel chemically modified cellulose (DTD) adsorbent bearing pendent methyl benzalaniline chelating group was synthesized. This new adsorbent was used for the removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ heavy metal ions from aqueous so...A novel chemically modified cellulose (DTD) adsorbent bearing pendent methyl benzalaniline chelating group was synthesized. This new adsorbent was used for the removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The chemical and structural characteristics of the adsorbent were determined using FT-IR, 13C CP-MAS NMR, SEM, EDX and TGA analysis. The adsorption parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial metal ion concentration and temperature were optimized. Adsorption kinetic parameters were fitted into pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms such as Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms have been investigated. Thermodynamic parameters have also been evaluated. The negative values of △G0 and △H0 reveal that the adsorption system is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The modified cellulose was challenged with microorganisms as a function of contact time. The biocidal results showed that the chemically modified cellulose has bactericidal effect against the bacterial species.展开更多
ZnO nanoflowers are synthesized on AlN films by solution method. The synthesized nanoflowers are composed of nanorods, which are pyramidal and grow from a central point, thus forming structures that are flower-shaped ...ZnO nanoflowers are synthesized on AlN films by solution method. The synthesized nanoflowers are composed of nanorods, which are pyramidal and grow from a central point, thus forming structures that are flower-shaped as a whole. The nanoflowers have two typical morphologies： plate-like and bush-like. The XRD spectrum corresponds to the side planes of the ZnO nanorods made up of the nanoflowers. The micro-Raman spectrum of the ZnO nanoflowers exhibits the E2 （high） mode and the second order multiple-phonon mode. The photoluminescence spectrum of the ZnO nanoflowers exhibits ultraviolet emission centred at 375nm and a broad green emission centred at 526 nm.展开更多
As a new bionic algorithm,Spider Monkey Optimization(SMO)has been widely used in various complex optimization problems in recent years.However,the new space exploration power of SMO is limited and the diversity of the...As a new bionic algorithm,Spider Monkey Optimization(SMO)has been widely used in various complex optimization problems in recent years.However,the new space exploration power of SMO is limited and the diversity of the population in SMO is not abundant.Thus,this paper focuses on how to reconstruct SMO to improve its performance,and a novel spider monkey optimization algorithm with opposition-based learning and orthogonal experimental design(SMO^(3))is developed.A position updatingmethod based on the historical optimal domain and particle swarmfor Local Leader Phase(LLP)andGlobal Leader Phase(GLP)is presented to improve the diversity of the population of SMO.Moreover,an opposition-based learning strategy based on self-extremum is proposed to avoid suffering from premature convergence and getting stuck at locally optimal values.Also,a local worst individual elimination method based on orthogonal experimental design is used for helping the SMO algorithm eliminate the poor individuals in time.Furthermore,an extended SMO^(3)named CSMO^(3)is investigated to deal with constrained optimization problems.The proposed algorithm is applied to both unconstrained and constrained functions which include the CEC2006 benchmark set and three engineering problems.Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than three well-known SMO algorithms and other evolutionary algorithms in unconstrained and constrained problems.展开更多
With the rapid development of the mobile Internet,users generate massive data in different forms in social network every day,and different characteristics of users are reflected by these social media data.How to integ...With the rapid development of the mobile Internet,users generate massive data in different forms in social network every day,and different characteristics of users are reflected by these social media data.How to integrate multiple heterogeneous information and establish user profiles from multiple perspectives plays an important role in providing personalized services,marketing,and recommendation systems.In this paper,we propose Multi-source&Multi-task Learning for User Profiles in Social Network which integrates multiple social data sources and contains a multi-task learning framework to simultaneously predict various attributes of a user.Firstly,we design their own feature extraction models for multiple heterogeneous data sources.Secondly,we design a shared layer to fuse multiple heterogeneous data sources as general shared representation for multi-task learning.Thirdly,we design each task’s own unique presentation layer for discriminant output of specific-task.Finally,we design a weighted loss function to improve the learning efficiency and prediction accuracy of each task.Our experimental results on more than 5000 Sina Weibo users demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines for inferring gender,age and region of social media users.展开更多
Laser phosphor display technology plays an important role in advanced display projection;however,it is a challenge in maintaining excellent color accuracy under high brightness due to the lack of red spectrum.Here,red...Laser phosphor display technology plays an important role in advanced display projection;however,it is a challenge in maintaining excellent color accuracy under high brightness due to the lack of red spectrum.Here,red-emitting Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics as the phosphor wheel have been optimized in chemical compositions and texture orientation.The textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics have high transparency and spot limiting ability,accordingly,the ceramic wheel outputs 1,184 lm of ultra-bright red light under 50 W/mm^(2) laser power density.Moreover,the red spectral utilization(over 600 nm)of textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics is 2.17 times that of traditional Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)phosphor wheel.The red-emitting textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)cordierite ceramic herein enables an improved light-color saturation experience,and it is potential in the next-generation laser phosphor display applications.展开更多
Luminescent metal halides are attracting growing attention as scintillators for X-ray imaging in safety inspection,medical diagnosis,etc.Here we present brand-new hybrid Eu(II)-bromide scintillators,1D type[Et4N]EuBr3...Luminescent metal halides are attracting growing attention as scintillators for X-ray imaging in safety inspection,medical diagnosis,etc.Here we present brand-new hybrid Eu(II)-bromide scintillators,1D type[Et4N]EuBr3·MeOH and 0D type[Me4N]6Eu5Br16·MeOH,with spin-allowed 5d-4f bandgap transition emission toward simplified carrier transport during scintillation process.The 1D/0D structures with edge/face-sharing[EuBr6]4−octahedra further contribute to lowing bandgaps and enhancing quantum confinement effect,enabling efficient scintillation performance(light yield~73100±800 Ph MeV^(−1),detect limit~18.6 nGy s^(−1),X-ray afterglow~1%@9.6μs).We demonstrate the X-ray imaging with 27.3 lp mm^(−1) resolution by embedding Eu(II)-based scintillators into AAO film.Our results create the new family of low-dimensional rare-earth-based halides for scintillation and related optoelectronic applications.展开更多
In the inviscid and incompressible fluid flow regime, surface tension effects on the behavior of two initially spherical bubbles with same size rising axisymmetrically in an infinite and initially stationary liquid ar...In the inviscid and incompressible fluid flow regime, surface tension effects on the behavior of two initially spherical bubbles with same size rising axisymmetrically in an infinite and initially stationary liquid are investigated numerically with the VOF method. The numerical experiments are performed for two bubbles with two different bubble distances. The ratio of gas density to liquid density is 0.001, which is close to the case of air bubbles rising in water. In the case of Dis = 2.5, where Dis is defined as the ratio of the distance between the bubble centroids to the radius of the bubble, it is found from numerical experiments that there exist four critical Weber numbers We1 , We2 , We3 and We4 , which are in between 10 and 100, 3 and 4, 1.5 and 1.8, and 0.2 and 0.3, respectively. In the case of Dis = 2.3, similar phenomena also appear but the corresponding four critical Weber numbers are lower than those in the case of Dis = 2.5. The mechanism of the above phenomena is analyzed theoretically and numerically.展开更多
X‐ray imaging is foundational and urgent to biomedical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive inspections;however,conventional single‐dose approaches offer limited material specificity.Here,we present a deep learn...X‐ray imaging is foundational and urgent to biomedical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive inspections;however,conventional single‐dose approaches offer limited material specificity.Here,we present a deep learning–driven X‐ray imaging technique leveraging vapor‐deposited multicolor halide scintillation film stacks,enabling imaging and the systematic curation of a materials genome database.By coupling an Attention U‐Net with extreme Gradient Boosting,we further develop an end‐to‐end density regression system that outputs quantitative material information directly from chromatic images,realizing segmentation of circuit‐and pixel‐level mapping from red/green/blue(RGB)values to densities,with an intersection over union of 81%and a root mean square error of±0.622 g cm^(−3).The effectiveness has been demonstrated through segmentation of complex circuit boards and 3D reconstruction of material density distributions.This work delivers a reliable and intelligent material platform and technique for chromatic X‐ray imaging,offering enhanced material discrimination and nondestructive testing capabilities.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB955903,2012CB955304)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry(GYHY201106029,GYHY200806021)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40830957)the China Meteorological Administration Special Program for Climatic Change(280200S011C00)the Drought Meteorology Science Research Program (IAM201111)
文摘This paper, using a revised Penman-Monteith model, computed the terrestrial surface humidity index of the Loess Plateau （China） based on climatic factors of monthly mean temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and sunshine duration observed on the plateau from 1961 to 2008. The temporal-spatial distribution, anomaly distribution and sub-regional temporal variations of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions were analyzed as well. The results showed a decreasing trend in the annual average surface humidity from the southeast to the northwest in the research anna. Over the period of 1961-2008, an aridification tendency appeared sharply in the central interior region of the Loess Plateau, and less sharply in the middle part of the region. The border region showed the weakest tendency ol; aridification. It is clear that aridification diffused in all directions from the interior region. The spatial anomaly distribution of the terrestrial surface dry and wet conditions on the Loess Plateau can be divided into three key areas： the southern, western and eastern regions. The terrestrial annual humidity index displayed a significantly descending trend and showed remarkable abrupt changes from wet to dry in the years 1967, 1977 and 1979. In the above mentioned three key areas for dry and wet conditions, the terrestrial annual humidity index exhibited a fluctuation period of 3-4 years, while in the southern region, a fluctuation period of 7-8 years existed at the same time.
文摘A novel chemically modified cellulose (DTD) adsorbent bearing pendent methyl benzalaniline chelating group was synthesized. This new adsorbent was used for the removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The chemical and structural characteristics of the adsorbent were determined using FT-IR, 13C CP-MAS NMR, SEM, EDX and TGA analysis. The adsorption parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial metal ion concentration and temperature were optimized. Adsorption kinetic parameters were fitted into pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherms such as Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms have been investigated. Thermodynamic parameters have also been evaluated. The negative values of △G0 and △H0 reveal that the adsorption system is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The modified cellulose was challenged with microorganisms as a function of contact time. The biocidal results showed that the chemically modified cellulose has bactericidal effect against the bacterial species.
文摘ZnO nanoflowers are synthesized on AlN films by solution method. The synthesized nanoflowers are composed of nanorods, which are pyramidal and grow from a central point, thus forming structures that are flower-shaped as a whole. The nanoflowers have two typical morphologies： plate-like and bush-like. The XRD spectrum corresponds to the side planes of the ZnO nanorods made up of the nanoflowers. The micro-Raman spectrum of the ZnO nanoflowers exhibits the E2 （high） mode and the second order multiple-phonon mode. The photoluminescence spectrum of the ZnO nanoflowers exhibits ultraviolet emission centred at 375nm and a broad green emission centred at 526 nm.
基金supported by the First Batch of Teaching Reform Projects of Zhejiang Higher Education“14th Five-Year Plan”(jg20220434)Special Scientific Research Project for Space Debris and Near-Earth Asteroid Defense(KJSP2020020202)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LGG19F030010)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61703183).
文摘As a new bionic algorithm,Spider Monkey Optimization(SMO)has been widely used in various complex optimization problems in recent years.However,the new space exploration power of SMO is limited and the diversity of the population in SMO is not abundant.Thus,this paper focuses on how to reconstruct SMO to improve its performance,and a novel spider monkey optimization algorithm with opposition-based learning and orthogonal experimental design(SMO^(3))is developed.A position updatingmethod based on the historical optimal domain and particle swarmfor Local Leader Phase(LLP)andGlobal Leader Phase(GLP)is presented to improve the diversity of the population of SMO.Moreover,an opposition-based learning strategy based on self-extremum is proposed to avoid suffering from premature convergence and getting stuck at locally optimal values.Also,a local worst individual elimination method based on orthogonal experimental design is used for helping the SMO algorithm eliminate the poor individuals in time.Furthermore,an extended SMO^(3)named CSMO^(3)is investigated to deal with constrained optimization problems.The proposed algorithm is applied to both unconstrained and constrained functions which include the CEC2006 benchmark set and three engineering problems.Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is better than three well-known SMO algorithms and other evolutionary algorithms in unconstrained and constrained problems.
基金This work is supported by State Grid Science and Technology Project under Grant No.520613180002,62061318C002the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HIT.NSRIF.201714)+4 种基金Weihai Science and Technology Development Program(2016DXGJMS15)Key Research and Development Program in Shandong Provincial(2017GGX90103)Sanming Science and Technology Project,Grant No.2015-G-6,Shandong province vocational education educational reform research project.Grant No.2017209Study and Development of Smart Agriculture Control System Based on Spark Big Data Decision(2017N0029)Jiangsu Province industrial Communication Technology Application Technology Innovation Team Project.
文摘With the rapid development of the mobile Internet,users generate massive data in different forms in social network every day,and different characteristics of users are reflected by these social media data.How to integrate multiple heterogeneous information and establish user profiles from multiple perspectives plays an important role in providing personalized services,marketing,and recommendation systems.In this paper,we propose Multi-source&Multi-task Learning for User Profiles in Social Network which integrates multiple social data sources and contains a multi-task learning framework to simultaneously predict various attributes of a user.Firstly,we design their own feature extraction models for multiple heterogeneous data sources.Secondly,we design a shared layer to fuse multiple heterogeneous data sources as general shared representation for multi-task learning.Thirdly,we design each task’s own unique presentation layer for discriminant output of specific-task.Finally,we design a weighted loss function to improve the learning efficiency and prediction accuracy of each task.Our experimental results on more than 5000 Sina Weibo users demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines for inferring gender,age and region of social media users.
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(51972118)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023ZYGXZR002)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01X137).
文摘Laser phosphor display technology plays an important role in advanced display projection;however,it is a challenge in maintaining excellent color accuracy under high brightness due to the lack of red spectrum.Here,red-emitting Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics as the phosphor wheel have been optimized in chemical compositions and texture orientation.The textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics have high transparency and spot limiting ability,accordingly,the ceramic wheel outputs 1,184 lm of ultra-bright red light under 50 W/mm^(2) laser power density.Moreover,the red spectral utilization(over 600 nm)of textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)ceramics is 2.17 times that of traditional Y_(3)Al_(5)O_(12):Ce^(3+)phosphor wheel.The red-emitting textured Mg_(2)Al_(4)Si_(5)O_(18):Eu^(2+)cordierite ceramic herein enables an improved light-color saturation experience,and it is potential in the next-generation laser phosphor display applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundations of China(22361132525)Guangdong Provincial Science&Technology Project(2023A0505050084).
文摘Luminescent metal halides are attracting growing attention as scintillators for X-ray imaging in safety inspection,medical diagnosis,etc.Here we present brand-new hybrid Eu(II)-bromide scintillators,1D type[Et4N]EuBr3·MeOH and 0D type[Me4N]6Eu5Br16·MeOH,with spin-allowed 5d-4f bandgap transition emission toward simplified carrier transport during scintillation process.The 1D/0D structures with edge/face-sharing[EuBr6]4−octahedra further contribute to lowing bandgaps and enhancing quantum confinement effect,enabling efficient scintillation performance(light yield~73100±800 Ph MeV^(−1),detect limit~18.6 nGy s^(−1),X-ray afterglow~1%@9.6μs).We demonstrate the X-ray imaging with 27.3 lp mm^(−1) resolution by embedding Eu(II)-based scintillators into AAO film.Our results create the new family of low-dimensional rare-earth-based halides for scintillation and related optoelectronic applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10672043, 10272032)supported by the Staff Innovation Foundation of State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation Ltd. (SNP-KJ-CX-2011-0004)
文摘In the inviscid and incompressible fluid flow regime, surface tension effects on the behavior of two initially spherical bubbles with same size rising axisymmetrically in an infinite and initially stationary liquid are investigated numerically with the VOF method. The numerical experiments are performed for two bubbles with two different bubble distances. The ratio of gas density to liquid density is 0.001, which is close to the case of air bubbles rising in water. In the case of Dis = 2.5, where Dis is defined as the ratio of the distance between the bubble centroids to the radius of the bubble, it is found from numerical experiments that there exist four critical Weber numbers We1 , We2 , We3 and We4 , which are in between 10 and 100, 3 and 4, 1.5 and 1.8, and 0.2 and 0.3, respectively. In the case of Dis = 2.3, similar phenomena also appear but the corresponding four critical Weber numbers are lower than those in the case of Dis = 2.5. The mechanism of the above phenomena is analyzed theoretically and numerically.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0105700)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(51972118)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021ZD10 and ZR2018JL016)Guangzhou Science&Technology Project(202007020005)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01X137)funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research(19-52-80003)。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0105700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52302177 and 51972118)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01X137)。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52425206,52502182,22361132525Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:2024ZYGXZR065+2 种基金Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2025A1515010796China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2025M770201State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices,Grant/Award Number:Skllmd‐2024‐21。
文摘X‐ray imaging is foundational and urgent to biomedical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive inspections;however,conventional single‐dose approaches offer limited material specificity.Here,we present a deep learning–driven X‐ray imaging technique leveraging vapor‐deposited multicolor halide scintillation film stacks,enabling imaging and the systematic curation of a materials genome database.By coupling an Attention U‐Net with extreme Gradient Boosting,we further develop an end‐to‐end density regression system that outputs quantitative material information directly from chromatic images,realizing segmentation of circuit‐and pixel‐level mapping from red/green/blue(RGB)values to densities,with an intersection over union of 81%and a root mean square error of±0.622 g cm^(−3).The effectiveness has been demonstrated through segmentation of complex circuit boards and 3D reconstruction of material density distributions.This work delivers a reliable and intelligent material platform and technique for chromatic X‐ray imaging,offering enhanced material discrimination and nondestructive testing capabilities.
