Operations Management(OM)plays a critical role in managing oil spills from tankers,specifically in the Straits of Malacca(SOM),Malaysia.Ineffective decision-making and outdated operational practices have historically ...Operations Management(OM)plays a critical role in managing oil spills from tankers,specifically in the Straits of Malacca(SOM),Malaysia.Ineffective decision-making and outdated operational practices have historically led to significant environmental damage,endangering marine ecosystems and resources due to the activities of international shipping.Global experiences with tanker-related oil pollution disasters indicate that full recovery of spilled oil is rarely achieved,due to a combination of natural and physical constraints,a trend also observed in the SOM.Effective OM in this context requires a multidisciplinary approach involving experts in engineering,chemistry,biology,marine navigation,environmental economics,law,and the social sciences.These diverse inputs inform the development of comprehensive frameworks,including legal,institutional,and operational,which are integrated into the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan(NOSCP).The NOSCP outlines preparedness and response strategies,the strategic distribution of oil spill response equipment(OSRE),and the standard operating procedures(SOPs)to manage and sustain effective responses to future oil spill incidents in the SOM.It is a high time for the Malaysian authority to opt for a single agency to manage the major oil spill in the SOM for better operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness.展开更多
Traditional agricultural irrigation systems waste significant amounts of water and energy due to inefficient scheduling and the absence of real-time monitoring capabilities.This research developed a comprehensive IoT-...Traditional agricultural irrigation systems waste significant amounts of water and energy due to inefficient scheduling and the absence of real-time monitoring capabilities.This research developed a comprehensive IoT-based smart irrigation control systemto optimize water and energy management in agricultural greenhouses while enhancing crop productivity.The system employs a sophisticated four-layer Internet ofThings(IoT)architecture based on an ESP32 microcontroller,integrated with multiple environmental sensors,including soil moisture,temperature,humidity,and light intensity sensors,for comprehensive environmental monitoring.The system utilizes the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport(MQTT)communication protocol for reliable data transmission and incorporates a Random Forest machine learning algorithm for automated irrigation decision-making processes.The Random Forest model achieved exceptional performance with 99.3%overall accuracy,demonstrating high model reliability.Six operational modules were developed and implemented with three distinct control methods:manual operation,condition-based automatic control,and AI-driven intelligent control systems.A comprehensive one-month comparative analysis demonstrated remarkable improvements across multiple performance metrics:a 50%reduction in both water consumption(from 140 to 70 L/day)and energy usage(from 7.00 to 3.50 kWh/day),a substantial 130%increase in water use efficiency,and a significant 50%decrease in CO_(2) emissions.Furthermore,detailed factor importance analysis revealed soil moisture as the primary decision factor(38.6%),followed by temporal factors(20.3%)and light intensity(18.4%).The system demonstrates exceptional potential for annual energy conservation of 1277.5 kWh and CO_(2) emission reduction of 638.75 kg,contributing substantially to sustainable development goals and advancing smart agriculture technologies.展开更多
This study explores the influence of Green Logistics Management(GLM)on Sustainable Logistics Performance(SLP),emphasizing the pivotal role of Green Innovation(GI)in promoting sustainability and enhancing logistics eff...This study explores the influence of Green Logistics Management(GLM)on Sustainable Logistics Performance(SLP),emphasizing the pivotal role of Green Innovation(GI)in promoting sustainability and enhancing logistics efficiency(LE).As organizations increasingly seek to align operational efficiency with environmental goals,GLM has emerged as a strategic approach to achieving this balance.The research evaluates the impact of GLM on SLP,examines GI’s contribution to improving LE,and validates the relationship between green logistics practices and SLP.Survey-based data analysis employing reliable scales(AVE and Cronbach’s alpha>0.70)reveals that GI significantly advances LE.Firms demonstrate a strong commitment to sustainability,with high scores for eco-friendly packaging(5.35)and clean technologies(5.14).Despite this,variability in adoption rates highlights differences in implementation across organizations.The findings confirm that GLM positively influences SLP,underscoring the importance of integrating green practices into logistics operations.This study provides actionable insights for organizations and policymakers by addressing inconsistencies in green logistics practices and proposing strategies to enhance sustainability and operational efficiency.It presents a practical framework for improving environmental and business performance,offering valuable guidance for firms striving to achieve sustainable growth while meeting environmental objectives.The research contributes to advancing the logistics sector’s sustainability and innovation-driven performance.展开更多
As circuit feature sizes approach the nanoscale,traditional Copper(Cu)interconnects face significant hurdles posed by rising resistance-capacitance(RC)delay,electromigration,and high power dissipation.These limitation...As circuit feature sizes approach the nanoscale,traditional Copper(Cu)interconnects face significant hurdles posed by rising resistance-capacitance(RC)delay,electromigration,and high power dissipation.These limitations impose constraints on the scalability and reliability of future semiconductor technologies.Our paper describes the new Vertical multilayer Aluminium Boron Nitride Nanoribbon(AlBN)interconnect structure,integrated with Density functional theory(DFT)using first-principles calculations.This study explores AlBN-based nanostructures with doping of 1Cu,2Cu,1Fe(Iron),and 2Fe for the application of Very Large Scale Integration(VLSI)interconnects.The AlBN structure utilized the advantages of vertical multilayer interconnects to both reduce the RC delay while enhancing signal integrity.Key parameters like Fermi energy,bandgap,binding energy,conduction channels,quantum resistance,and RC delay were analyzed.Through modeling and large-scale simulation,the structural,electronic,and stability attributes of the AlBN interconnects are analyzed,and the results illustrate considerable improvements in signal propagation against Cu interconnect structures.These findings confirm the tunable,high-performance nature of AlBN-2Fe,making it a promising candidate for future high-speed,low-power VLSI interconnect technologies.We demonstrated an advanced energy-efficient interconnect that can be easily scaled for future nanoscale VLSI circuit design and gives rise to a next generation of viable interconnect technology for high-capacity,high-speed,reliable semiconductor technology.展开更多
Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,s...Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,standing out as pioneering research.The study consists of a systematic development of a conceptual framework based on theories of Uses and Gratification Expectancy(UGE)and perceived motivation based on music elements.Their components are observed variables influencing students’psychological well-being(as the dependent variable).Resilience is examined as a mediator,influencing the relationships of both observed and dependent variables.The main purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effects of online music consumption on the psychological well-being of students.Methods:Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eighteen final year creative multimedia undergraduate students belonging to five central region Malaysian universities,especially on their UGE needs,and a similar concept survey instrument with two hundred participants.The interview data were analysed through thematic analysis,while the survey data through descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM).Results:The results highlight that students gain motivation from online music,which positively affects their psychological well-being(β=0.190,p=0.003,f^(2)=0.037),while resilience significantly affects this relationship(β=0.562,p<0.001,f^(2)=0.461).However,the results also predict a partial relationship between constructs based on UGE with psychological well-being,mediated by resilience,i.e.,AT-UGE(β=0.021,p=0.783,f^(2)=0.000),SIPI-UGE(β=0.228,p=0.004,f^(2)=0.044).Conclusion:The outcome of the study reflected practical,meaningful,and statistically significant results.The majority of the predictors,with the exception of one,i.e.,AT-UGE,displayed a clear positive relation of online music consumption on the Psychological Well-being of students.Future research will explore varying contextual factors impacting online music-related gratifications,motivations,and resilience,along with additional potential mediators and moderators.展开更多
With an increase in internet-connected devices and a dependency on online services,the threat of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks has become a significant concern in cybersecurity.The proposed system follows...With an increase in internet-connected devices and a dependency on online services,the threat of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks has become a significant concern in cybersecurity.The proposed system follows a multi-step process,beginning with the collection of datasets from different edge devices and network nodes.To verify its effectiveness,experiments were conducted using the CICDoS2017,NSL-KDD,and CICIDS benchmark datasets alongside other existing models.Recursive feature elimination(RFE)with random forest is used to select features from the CICDDoS2019 dataset,on which a BiLSTM model is trained on local nodes.Local models are trained until convergence or stability criteria are met while simultaneously sharing the updates globally for collaborative learning.A centralised server evaluates real-time traffic using the global BiLSTM model,which triggers alerts for potential DDoS attacks.Furthermore,blockchain technology is employed to secure model updates and to provide an immutable audit trail,thereby ensuring trust and accountability among network nodes.This research introduces a novel decentralized method called Federated Random Forest Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(FRF-BiLSTM)for detecting DDoS attacks,utilizing the advanced Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks(BiLSTMs)to analyze sequences in both forward and backward directions.The outcome shows the proposed model achieves a mean accuracy of 97.1%with an average training delay of 88.7 s and testing delay of 21.4 s.The model demonstrates scalability and the best detection performance in large-scale attack scenarios.展开更多
Numerous sectors,such as education,the IT sector,and corporate organizations,transitioned to virtual meetings after the COVID-19 crisis.Organizations now seek to assess participants’fatigue levels in online meetings ...Numerous sectors,such as education,the IT sector,and corporate organizations,transitioned to virtual meetings after the COVID-19 crisis.Organizations now seek to assess participants’fatigue levels in online meetings to remain competitive.Instructors cannot effectively monitor every individual in a virtual environment,which raises significant concerns about participant fatigue.Our proposed system monitors fatigue,identifying attentive and drowsy individuals throughout the online session.We leverage Dlib’s pre-trained facial landmark detector and focus on the eye landmarks only,offering a more detailed analysis for predicting eye opening and closing of the eyes,rather than focusing on the entire face.We introduce an Eye Polygon Area(EPA)formula,which computes eye activity from Dlib eye landmarks by measuring the polygonal area of the eye opening.Unlike the Eye Aspect Ratio(EAR),which relies on a single distance ratio,EPA adapts to different eye shapes(round,narrow,or wide),providing a more reliable measure for fatigue detection.The VMFD system issues a warning if a participant remains in a fatigued condition for 36 consecutive frames.The proposed technology is tested under multiple scenarios,including low-to high-lighting conditions(50-1400 lux)and both with and without glasses.This study builds an OpenCV application in Python,evaluated using the iBUG 300-W dataset,achieving 97.5%accuracy in detecting active participants.We compare VMFD with conventional methods relying on the EAR and show that the EPA technique performs significantly better.展开更多
An understanding of the influence of contractor monitoring on performance of road infrastructural projects in Uganda provided an impetus for this study. The objectives of the study were to: assess the relationship bet...An understanding of the influence of contractor monitoring on performance of road infrastructural projects in Uganda provided an impetus for this study. The objectives of the study were to: assess the relationship between contractors monitoring and performance of national road infrastructure projects and the relationship between contractor monitoring components and performance of national road infrastructure projects in Uganda. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting the procurement professionals, engineers and simple random sampling was adopted in selecting private consultants, members of parliament and respondents from the civil society organizations. Data for this study were collected using a closed ended questionnaire and interviews. Some of the major finding from this study include: weak procurement rules which lead to awarding road projects to incompetent contractors;contractor monitoring being handled by unqualified, incompetent and inexperienced professionals;lack of contractors and contract supervisors appraisal system;delay of contractors payments which affects timelines in services delivery;lack of a strong internal project monitoring and evaluation mechanism at the Uganda National Roads Agency (UNRA). The research therefore recommends the establishment of an Independent Public Infrastructure Development and Monitoring Unit by government and adoption of systems that appraise both contractors and contract supervisors with clear disciplinary actions for unsatisfactory performance by the UNRA.展开更多
This paper reported the effect of oolong tea processing procedure of turn-over on quality of the Jinmudan Oolong tea,including taste components and volatile compounds.The content of the water extractable solids was gr...This paper reported the effect of oolong tea processing procedure of turn-over on quality of the Jinmudan Oolong tea,including taste components and volatile compounds.The content of the water extractable solids was gradually increased,but the content of amino acid decreased and then increased,and the content of the soluble sugar and tea polyphenols increased after the first turn-over processing.The major volatiles of the three tested Jinmudan Oolong tea samples were nerolidolcistrans,α-farnesene,palmitic acid,indole and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoicacid and methyl ester.The sensory evaluation results showed that an appropriate increase in the number of turn-over was helpful to quality of the Jinmudan Oolong tea.展开更多
The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in...The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in turn affects the country’s economic growth. Even with the recent reforms in the power sector, more than half of the country’s population still lack access to electricity. The epileptic condition of the power sector can be attributed to the inadequate and inefficient power plants, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and outdated metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper attempts to present the way forward for the Nigerian poor electricity situation by reviewing the power sector as a whole and the renewable energy potentials. We identified the problems in the national grid and then proposed a smart grid model for the Nigerian power sector which will include renewable energy source. We believe that the content of this review paper will solve the poor epileptic condition of the power sector in Nigeria and also enable the proper integration of smart grid technology into the national grid.展开更多
To support and serve engineering design, creative design based on knowledge management is proposed. The key knowledge factors of creative design are analyzed and discussed, and knowledge extraction tools are utilized ...To support and serve engineering design, creative design based on knowledge management is proposed. The key knowledge factors of creative design are analyzed and discussed, and knowledge extraction tools are utilized to distill the important knowledge to serve for knowledge resource of creative design. The implementation of creative design mode is described and executed, which can promote the intelligent asset of the enterprise and shorten the period of creative design. With this study, design afflatus and conceptual design can be achieved expediently and effectively.展开更多
Design-manufacturing chain （D-MC） is the most important link of the supply chain with the greatest possibility in cost reduction. How to strengthen the effective management of interracial relationship between design...Design-manufacturing chain （D-MC） is the most important link of the supply chain with the greatest possibility in cost reduction. How to strengthen the effective management of interracial relationship between designer and manufacturer and increase the efficency of interface management concerns the efficiency of the whole supply chain. In order to evaluate and improve the impacts of D-MC interfacial relationship, first we should construct the evaluation index system and then we should analyze the total cost and benefit of the interfacial relationship betterment, including the cost of member units in D-MC, the opportunity cost of cooperation partners, and the market returns resulted from the interfacial relationship improvement, which will advance the whole supply chain efficiency as well as enhance the management performance of D-MC.展开更多
Based on risk social cognition theory and planned behavior theory, the influence factors of the public participation in the nanotechnology risk communication are analyzed,and the concept model is presented to analyze ...Based on risk social cognition theory and planned behavior theory, the influence factors of the public participation in the nanotechnology risk communication are analyzed,and the concept model is presented to analyze their relationships and functional mechanism. In the model,the risk communication behaviors are divided into two variables of the public opinion expression and information acquisition,and the subjective norm divided into the internal and external social networks. Then the questionnaire is designed so as to verify the proposed model and analyze their relationships. The survey data are analyzed using SMART PLS software. The validity analysis shows that the questionnaire has a high convergence and discriminant validity. In addition, the Cronbach'a coefficient of each item is more than 0. 70,which shows the questionnaire has a high credibility. Based on the statistical data analysis, relationships of the influence factors are obtained.Further,the influence path model of the public attitude,intention,self regulation and behavior control in the risk communication is established. According to the Bootstrap algorithm in SMART,the path coefficient and its explanation variance of each influence factor are obtained. The calculation results show that the explanation variance values are all bigger than 10% and the path is reliable.Based on the path model, the influence path and function relationships of the participation attitude, subjective norm and behavior control on the participation intention and behavior are obtained. This will provide theoretical and data supports for the risk management and strategy making of the public participation in nanotechnology risk communication.展开更多
This study aims to determine the key and underlying Leadership and Top Management (LTM) factors that have a significant impact on sustaining the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) within the construction...This study aims to determine the key and underlying Leadership and Top Management (LTM) factors that have a significant impact on sustaining the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) within the construction industry in Ghana. The research methodology employed in this study was a quantitative technique. Questionnaires were distributed to 641 participants within construction industry in Ghana. Questionnaires retrieved for the analysis were 536. Three steps approached were used for the data analysis. These include Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. After conducting the EFA and CFA, SEM was also used to analyze the construct validity. The SEM analysis helps to determine four key indicator variables for the leadership and top management construct. These include Leadership/Top Management approach to employees’ management, Leadership/Top Management understanding of TQM, Leadership/Top Management empowerment of employees to resolve quality issues, and Leadership/Top Management endorsement of TQM. All the four indicator variables were found to be good of fit and closely associated with the dependent variable. The study adds to the body of knowledge by using EFA, CFA and SEM techniques to establish key leadership and top management factors affecting TQM implementation in Ghana’s construction industry. The findings in general suggested that leadership and top Management factors identified have a direct positive impact on sustaining TQM implementation in the Ghanaian construction industry. Consequently, the leadership and top management factors identified in this study can help improve TQM in the Ghanaian construction industry.展开更多
Water treatment system management is a strategy for identifying and implementing solutions to improve water quality by identifying and resolving issues that lead to deterioration of water quality before draining it to...Water treatment system management is a strategy for identifying and implementing solutions to improve water quality by identifying and resolving issues that lead to deterioration of water quality before draining it to surface water or natural water sources or using it in any way, allocate or decide on the suitable water treatment system based on the real conditions of the water characteristics in that source. Electrocoagulation is employed in this study. Electrocoagulation (EC) is a water treatment technology that can remove impurities such as fats, oils, colors, suspensions, heavy metals, algae, and other contaminants from water. As a result of the research with this system, it is now possible to separate the precipitate using electricity by producing metal hydroxides by moving electrons between oxidation and reduction substances through a conductor. The purpose is to use the Internet of Things (IoT) to program the command of an automated water treatment system and to see the Internet of Things can manage the water treatment system automatically. The system can also be managed via the Internet of Things, allowing for continuous monitoring.展开更多
Glazes on ceramics provide a durable finish as well as a protective layer, impervious, sanitary, and generally easily cleaned surface, have the advantage of having a very wide spectrum of colors. As a result, color ha...Glazes on ceramics provide a durable finish as well as a protective layer, impervious, sanitary, and generally easily cleaned surface, have the advantage of having a very wide spectrum of colors. As a result, color has a lot of variability, luminosity and permanence. This method of coating is suitable for products that are not too big a smooth and can be done quickly such as plating of coffee mugs, cups or bowls. Putting the product in the enameled tank must not be soaked for too long as it will thicken the coating. When the coating is dry it will slip off easily. Therefore, this research is to provide product dipping. Good and consistent plating at all times and then industrial robots are used to help in plating or dipping. The robot can control the work quickly. According to the position and speed control can reduce the working time in the further.展开更多
Considering the complexity of the networks and the need for telecommunication operators （Telco） to present innovations to their clients, the quickest possible, one of the solutions for this complexity could be to ce...Considering the complexity of the networks and the need for telecommunication operators （Telco） to present innovations to their clients, the quickest possible, one of the solutions for this complexity could be to centralize its configuration. Thus the SDN （software-defmed networking） concept may be an important solution. This paper suggests the implementation of a tool to support the development and testing of networks and services before they are put into production. The use of a tool that simplifies the configuration of a network service makes the networks and services to be less susceptible to errors and failures by those who set them up, thus allowing telecom operators, among others, to be able to create new services, improve the monitorization of their human resources and, above all, improve their fmancial results. In the end, success will be achieved because with a simple interaction and basic knowledge we are able to manage network services.展开更多
Due to the continuous rising demand of handheld devices like iPods, mobile, tablets;specific applications like biomedical applications like pacemakers, hearing aid machines and space applications which require stable ...Due to the continuous rising demand of handheld devices like iPods, mobile, tablets;specific applications like biomedical applications like pacemakers, hearing aid machines and space applications which require stable digital systems with low power consumptions are required. As a main part in digital system the SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) should have low power consumption and stability. As we are continuously moving towards scaling for the last two decades the effect of this is process variations which have severe effect on stability, performance. Reducing the supply voltage to sub-threshold region, which helps in reducing the power consumption to an extent but side by side it raises the issue of the stability of the memory. Static Noise Margin of SRAM cell enforces great challenges to the sub threshold SRAM design. In this paper we have analyzed the cell stability of 9T SRAM Cell at various processes. The cell stability is checked at deep submicron (DSM) technology. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of temperature and supply voltage (Vdd) on the stability parameters of SRAM which is Static Noise Margin (SNM), Write Margin (WM) and Read Current. The effect has been observed at various process corners at 45 nm technology. The temperature has a significant effect on stability along with the Vdd. The Cell has been working efficiently at all process corners and has 50% more SNM from conventional 6T SRAM and 30% more WM from conventional 6T SRAM cell.展开更多
A set of mobile devices that employs wireless transmission for communication is termed Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs).Offering better communication services among the users in a centralized organization is the primary...A set of mobile devices that employs wireless transmission for communication is termed Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs).Offering better communication services among the users in a centralized organization is the primary objective of the MANET.Due to the features of MANET,this can directly End-to-End Delay(EED)the Quality of Service(QoS).Hence,the implementation of resource management becomes an essential issue in MANETs.This paper focuses on the efficient Resource Allocation(RA)for many types of Traffic Flows(TF)in MANET.In Mobile Ad hoc Networks environments,the main objective of Resource Allocation(RA)is to process consistently available resources among terminals required to address the service requirements of the users.These three categories improve performance metrics by varying transmission rates and simulation time.For solving that problem,the proposed work is divided into Queue Management(QM),Admission Control(AC)and RA.For effective QM,this paper develops a QM model for elastic(EL)and inelastic(IEL)Traffic Flows.This research paper presents an AC mechanism for multiple TF for effective AC.This work presents a Resource Allocation Using Tokens(RAUT)for various priority TF for effective RA.Here,nodes have three cycles which are:Non-Critical Section(NCS),Entry Section(ES)and Critical Section(CS).When a node requires any resources,it sends Resource Request Message(RRM)to the ES.Elastic and inelastic TF priority is determined using Fuzzy Logic(FL).The token holder selects the node from the inelastic queue with high priority for allocating the resources.Using Network Simulator-2(NS-2),simulations demonstrate that the proposed design increases Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),decrease Packet Loss Ratio(PLR),minimise the Fairness and reduce the EED.展开更多
文摘Operations Management(OM)plays a critical role in managing oil spills from tankers,specifically in the Straits of Malacca(SOM),Malaysia.Ineffective decision-making and outdated operational practices have historically led to significant environmental damage,endangering marine ecosystems and resources due to the activities of international shipping.Global experiences with tanker-related oil pollution disasters indicate that full recovery of spilled oil is rarely achieved,due to a combination of natural and physical constraints,a trend also observed in the SOM.Effective OM in this context requires a multidisciplinary approach involving experts in engineering,chemistry,biology,marine navigation,environmental economics,law,and the social sciences.These diverse inputs inform the development of comprehensive frameworks,including legal,institutional,and operational,which are integrated into the National Oil Spill Contingency Plan(NOSCP).The NOSCP outlines preparedness and response strategies,the strategic distribution of oil spill response equipment(OSRE),and the standard operating procedures(SOPs)to manage and sustain effective responses to future oil spill incidents in the SOM.It is a high time for the Malaysian authority to opt for a single agency to manage the major oil spill in the SOM for better operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
文摘Traditional agricultural irrigation systems waste significant amounts of water and energy due to inefficient scheduling and the absence of real-time monitoring capabilities.This research developed a comprehensive IoT-based smart irrigation control systemto optimize water and energy management in agricultural greenhouses while enhancing crop productivity.The system employs a sophisticated four-layer Internet ofThings(IoT)architecture based on an ESP32 microcontroller,integrated with multiple environmental sensors,including soil moisture,temperature,humidity,and light intensity sensors,for comprehensive environmental monitoring.The system utilizes the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport(MQTT)communication protocol for reliable data transmission and incorporates a Random Forest machine learning algorithm for automated irrigation decision-making processes.The Random Forest model achieved exceptional performance with 99.3%overall accuracy,demonstrating high model reliability.Six operational modules were developed and implemented with three distinct control methods:manual operation,condition-based automatic control,and AI-driven intelligent control systems.A comprehensive one-month comparative analysis demonstrated remarkable improvements across multiple performance metrics:a 50%reduction in both water consumption(from 140 to 70 L/day)and energy usage(from 7.00 to 3.50 kWh/day),a substantial 130%increase in water use efficiency,and a significant 50%decrease in CO_(2) emissions.Furthermore,detailed factor importance analysis revealed soil moisture as the primary decision factor(38.6%),followed by temporal factors(20.3%)and light intensity(18.4%).The system demonstrates exceptional potential for annual energy conservation of 1277.5 kWh and CO_(2) emission reduction of 638.75 kg,contributing substantially to sustainable development goals and advancing smart agriculture technologies.
文摘This study explores the influence of Green Logistics Management(GLM)on Sustainable Logistics Performance(SLP),emphasizing the pivotal role of Green Innovation(GI)in promoting sustainability and enhancing logistics efficiency(LE).As organizations increasingly seek to align operational efficiency with environmental goals,GLM has emerged as a strategic approach to achieving this balance.The research evaluates the impact of GLM on SLP,examines GI’s contribution to improving LE,and validates the relationship between green logistics practices and SLP.Survey-based data analysis employing reliable scales(AVE and Cronbach’s alpha>0.70)reveals that GI significantly advances LE.Firms demonstrate a strong commitment to sustainability,with high scores for eco-friendly packaging(5.35)and clean technologies(5.14).Despite this,variability in adoption rates highlights differences in implementation across organizations.The findings confirm that GLM positively influences SLP,underscoring the importance of integrating green practices into logistics operations.This study provides actionable insights for organizations and policymakers by addressing inconsistencies in green logistics practices and proposing strategies to enhance sustainability and operational efficiency.It presents a practical framework for improving environmental and business performance,offering valuable guidance for firms striving to achieve sustainable growth while meeting environmental objectives.The research contributes to advancing the logistics sector’s sustainability and innovation-driven performance.
文摘As circuit feature sizes approach the nanoscale,traditional Copper(Cu)interconnects face significant hurdles posed by rising resistance-capacitance(RC)delay,electromigration,and high power dissipation.These limitations impose constraints on the scalability and reliability of future semiconductor technologies.Our paper describes the new Vertical multilayer Aluminium Boron Nitride Nanoribbon(AlBN)interconnect structure,integrated with Density functional theory(DFT)using first-principles calculations.This study explores AlBN-based nanostructures with doping of 1Cu,2Cu,1Fe(Iron),and 2Fe for the application of Very Large Scale Integration(VLSI)interconnects.The AlBN structure utilized the advantages of vertical multilayer interconnects to both reduce the RC delay while enhancing signal integrity.Key parameters like Fermi energy,bandgap,binding energy,conduction channels,quantum resistance,and RC delay were analyzed.Through modeling and large-scale simulation,the structural,electronic,and stability attributes of the AlBN interconnects are analyzed,and the results illustrate considerable improvements in signal propagation against Cu interconnect structures.These findings confirm the tunable,high-performance nature of AlBN-2Fe,making it a promising candidate for future high-speed,low-power VLSI interconnect technologies.We demonstrated an advanced energy-efficient interconnect that can be easily scaled for future nanoscale VLSI circuit design and gives rise to a next generation of viable interconnect technology for high-capacity,high-speed,reliable semiconductor technology.
基金funded by Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS/1/2023/SSI07/MMU/02/3)which is awarded to the Multimedia University.The project is led by the second author.
文摘Background:Music has proven to be vital in enhancing resilience and promotingwell-being.Previously,the impact of music in sports environments was solely investigated,while this paper applies it to study environments,standing out as pioneering research.The study consists of a systematic development of a conceptual framework based on theories of Uses and Gratification Expectancy(UGE)and perceived motivation based on music elements.Their components are observed variables influencing students’psychological well-being(as the dependent variable).Resilience is examined as a mediator,influencing the relationships of both observed and dependent variables.The main purpose of this study is to highlight the positive effects of online music consumption on the psychological well-being of students.Methods:Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eighteen final year creative multimedia undergraduate students belonging to five central region Malaysian universities,especially on their UGE needs,and a similar concept survey instrument with two hundred participants.The interview data were analysed through thematic analysis,while the survey data through descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM).Results:The results highlight that students gain motivation from online music,which positively affects their psychological well-being(β=0.190,p=0.003,f^(2)=0.037),while resilience significantly affects this relationship(β=0.562,p<0.001,f^(2)=0.461).However,the results also predict a partial relationship between constructs based on UGE with psychological well-being,mediated by resilience,i.e.,AT-UGE(β=0.021,p=0.783,f^(2)=0.000),SIPI-UGE(β=0.228,p=0.004,f^(2)=0.044).Conclusion:The outcome of the study reflected practical,meaningful,and statistically significant results.The majority of the predictors,with the exception of one,i.e.,AT-UGE,displayed a clear positive relation of online music consumption on the Psychological Well-being of students.Future research will explore varying contextual factors impacting online music-related gratifications,motivations,and resilience,along with additional potential mediators and moderators.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2025S1A5A2A01005171)by the BK21 programat Chungbuk National University(2025).
文摘With an increase in internet-connected devices and a dependency on online services,the threat of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks has become a significant concern in cybersecurity.The proposed system follows a multi-step process,beginning with the collection of datasets from different edge devices and network nodes.To verify its effectiveness,experiments were conducted using the CICDoS2017,NSL-KDD,and CICIDS benchmark datasets alongside other existing models.Recursive feature elimination(RFE)with random forest is used to select features from the CICDDoS2019 dataset,on which a BiLSTM model is trained on local nodes.Local models are trained until convergence or stability criteria are met while simultaneously sharing the updates globally for collaborative learning.A centralised server evaluates real-time traffic using the global BiLSTM model,which triggers alerts for potential DDoS attacks.Furthermore,blockchain technology is employed to secure model updates and to provide an immutable audit trail,thereby ensuring trust and accountability among network nodes.This research introduces a novel decentralized method called Federated Random Forest Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(FRF-BiLSTM)for detecting DDoS attacks,utilizing the advanced Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks(BiLSTMs)to analyze sequences in both forward and backward directions.The outcome shows the proposed model achieves a mean accuracy of 97.1%with an average training delay of 88.7 s and testing delay of 21.4 s.The model demonstrates scalability and the best detection performance in large-scale attack scenarios.
文摘Numerous sectors,such as education,the IT sector,and corporate organizations,transitioned to virtual meetings after the COVID-19 crisis.Organizations now seek to assess participants’fatigue levels in online meetings to remain competitive.Instructors cannot effectively monitor every individual in a virtual environment,which raises significant concerns about participant fatigue.Our proposed system monitors fatigue,identifying attentive and drowsy individuals throughout the online session.We leverage Dlib’s pre-trained facial landmark detector and focus on the eye landmarks only,offering a more detailed analysis for predicting eye opening and closing of the eyes,rather than focusing on the entire face.We introduce an Eye Polygon Area(EPA)formula,which computes eye activity from Dlib eye landmarks by measuring the polygonal area of the eye opening.Unlike the Eye Aspect Ratio(EAR),which relies on a single distance ratio,EPA adapts to different eye shapes(round,narrow,or wide),providing a more reliable measure for fatigue detection.The VMFD system issues a warning if a participant remains in a fatigued condition for 36 consecutive frames.The proposed technology is tested under multiple scenarios,including low-to high-lighting conditions(50-1400 lux)and both with and without glasses.This study builds an OpenCV application in Python,evaluated using the iBUG 300-W dataset,achieving 97.5%accuracy in detecting active participants.We compare VMFD with conventional methods relying on the EAR and show that the EPA technique performs significantly better.
文摘An understanding of the influence of contractor monitoring on performance of road infrastructural projects in Uganda provided an impetus for this study. The objectives of the study were to: assess the relationship between contractors monitoring and performance of national road infrastructure projects and the relationship between contractor monitoring components and performance of national road infrastructure projects in Uganda. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting the procurement professionals, engineers and simple random sampling was adopted in selecting private consultants, members of parliament and respondents from the civil society organizations. Data for this study were collected using a closed ended questionnaire and interviews. Some of the major finding from this study include: weak procurement rules which lead to awarding road projects to incompetent contractors;contractor monitoring being handled by unqualified, incompetent and inexperienced professionals;lack of contractors and contract supervisors appraisal system;delay of contractors payments which affects timelines in services delivery;lack of a strong internal project monitoring and evaluation mechanism at the Uganda National Roads Agency (UNRA). The research therefore recommends the establishment of an Independent Public Infrastructure Development and Monitoring Unit by government and adoption of systems that appraise both contractors and contract supervisors with clear disciplinary actions for unsatisfactory performance by the UNRA.
基金supported in part by the rural science and technology innovation fund project of technology division from Ningbo city science and technology bureau (No.201001C8002011201002C1011003) for financial support
文摘This paper reported the effect of oolong tea processing procedure of turn-over on quality of the Jinmudan Oolong tea,including taste components and volatile compounds.The content of the water extractable solids was gradually increased,but the content of amino acid decreased and then increased,and the content of the soluble sugar and tea polyphenols increased after the first turn-over processing.The major volatiles of the three tested Jinmudan Oolong tea samples were nerolidolcistrans,α-farnesene,palmitic acid,indole and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoicacid and methyl ester.The sensory evaluation results showed that an appropriate increase in the number of turn-over was helpful to quality of the Jinmudan Oolong tea.
文摘The electricity situation in Nigeria can be described as epileptic with no sign in view of improvement. This epileptic power situation affects the manufacturing, service and residential sectors of the economy which in turn affects the country’s economic growth. Even with the recent reforms in the power sector, more than half of the country’s population still lack access to electricity. The epileptic condition of the power sector can be attributed to the inadequate and inefficient power plants, poor transmission and distribution facilities, and outdated metering system used by electricity consumers. This paper attempts to present the way forward for the Nigerian poor electricity situation by reviewing the power sector as a whole and the renewable energy potentials. We identified the problems in the national grid and then proposed a smart grid model for the Nigerian power sector which will include renewable energy source. We believe that the content of this review paper will solve the poor epileptic condition of the power sector in Nigeria and also enable the proper integration of smart grid technology into the national grid.
基金This project is supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973Program,No.2003CB317005)Shuguang Program of Shanghai City Educational Conunittee China(No.05SG15).
文摘To support and serve engineering design, creative design based on knowledge management is proposed. The key knowledge factors of creative design are analyzed and discussed, and knowledge extraction tools are utilized to distill the important knowledge to serve for knowledge resource of creative design. The implementation of creative design mode is described and executed, which can promote the intelligent asset of the enterprise and shorten the period of creative design. With this study, design afflatus and conceptual design can be achieved expediently and effectively.
基金the Chinese Public Service Platform for Science and Technology Management (No. 06DZ22924)the Economic Globalization and Innovation(No. 08692106700)
文摘Design-manufacturing chain （D-MC） is the most important link of the supply chain with the greatest possibility in cost reduction. How to strengthen the effective management of interracial relationship between designer and manufacturer and increase the efficency of interface management concerns the efficiency of the whole supply chain. In order to evaluate and improve the impacts of D-MC interfacial relationship, first we should construct the evaluation index system and then we should analyze the total cost and benefit of the interfacial relationship betterment, including the cost of member units in D-MC, the opportunity cost of cooperation partners, and the market returns resulted from the interfacial relationship improvement, which will advance the whole supply chain efficiency as well as enhance the management performance of D-MC.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China(No.14BTQ030)
文摘Based on risk social cognition theory and planned behavior theory, the influence factors of the public participation in the nanotechnology risk communication are analyzed,and the concept model is presented to analyze their relationships and functional mechanism. In the model,the risk communication behaviors are divided into two variables of the public opinion expression and information acquisition,and the subjective norm divided into the internal and external social networks. Then the questionnaire is designed so as to verify the proposed model and analyze their relationships. The survey data are analyzed using SMART PLS software. The validity analysis shows that the questionnaire has a high convergence and discriminant validity. In addition, the Cronbach'a coefficient of each item is more than 0. 70,which shows the questionnaire has a high credibility. Based on the statistical data analysis, relationships of the influence factors are obtained.Further,the influence path model of the public attitude,intention,self regulation and behavior control in the risk communication is established. According to the Bootstrap algorithm in SMART,the path coefficient and its explanation variance of each influence factor are obtained. The calculation results show that the explanation variance values are all bigger than 10% and the path is reliable.Based on the path model, the influence path and function relationships of the participation attitude, subjective norm and behavior control on the participation intention and behavior are obtained. This will provide theoretical and data supports for the risk management and strategy making of the public participation in nanotechnology risk communication.
文摘This study aims to determine the key and underlying Leadership and Top Management (LTM) factors that have a significant impact on sustaining the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) within the construction industry in Ghana. The research methodology employed in this study was a quantitative technique. Questionnaires were distributed to 641 participants within construction industry in Ghana. Questionnaires retrieved for the analysis were 536. Three steps approached were used for the data analysis. These include Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. After conducting the EFA and CFA, SEM was also used to analyze the construct validity. The SEM analysis helps to determine four key indicator variables for the leadership and top management construct. These include Leadership/Top Management approach to employees’ management, Leadership/Top Management understanding of TQM, Leadership/Top Management empowerment of employees to resolve quality issues, and Leadership/Top Management endorsement of TQM. All the four indicator variables were found to be good of fit and closely associated with the dependent variable. The study adds to the body of knowledge by using EFA, CFA and SEM techniques to establish key leadership and top management factors affecting TQM implementation in Ghana’s construction industry. The findings in general suggested that leadership and top Management factors identified have a direct positive impact on sustaining TQM implementation in the Ghanaian construction industry. Consequently, the leadership and top management factors identified in this study can help improve TQM in the Ghanaian construction industry.
文摘Water treatment system management is a strategy for identifying and implementing solutions to improve water quality by identifying and resolving issues that lead to deterioration of water quality before draining it to surface water or natural water sources or using it in any way, allocate or decide on the suitable water treatment system based on the real conditions of the water characteristics in that source. Electrocoagulation is employed in this study. Electrocoagulation (EC) is a water treatment technology that can remove impurities such as fats, oils, colors, suspensions, heavy metals, algae, and other contaminants from water. As a result of the research with this system, it is now possible to separate the precipitate using electricity by producing metal hydroxides by moving electrons between oxidation and reduction substances through a conductor. The purpose is to use the Internet of Things (IoT) to program the command of an automated water treatment system and to see the Internet of Things can manage the water treatment system automatically. The system can also be managed via the Internet of Things, allowing for continuous monitoring.
文摘Glazes on ceramics provide a durable finish as well as a protective layer, impervious, sanitary, and generally easily cleaned surface, have the advantage of having a very wide spectrum of colors. As a result, color has a lot of variability, luminosity and permanence. This method of coating is suitable for products that are not too big a smooth and can be done quickly such as plating of coffee mugs, cups or bowls. Putting the product in the enameled tank must not be soaked for too long as it will thicken the coating. When the coating is dry it will slip off easily. Therefore, this research is to provide product dipping. Good and consistent plating at all times and then industrial robots are used to help in plating or dipping. The robot can control the work quickly. According to the position and speed control can reduce the working time in the further.
文摘Considering the complexity of the networks and the need for telecommunication operators （Telco） to present innovations to their clients, the quickest possible, one of the solutions for this complexity could be to centralize its configuration. Thus the SDN （software-defmed networking） concept may be an important solution. This paper suggests the implementation of a tool to support the development and testing of networks and services before they are put into production. The use of a tool that simplifies the configuration of a network service makes the networks and services to be less susceptible to errors and failures by those who set them up, thus allowing telecom operators, among others, to be able to create new services, improve the monitorization of their human resources and, above all, improve their fmancial results. In the end, success will be achieved because with a simple interaction and basic knowledge we are able to manage network services.
文摘Due to the continuous rising demand of handheld devices like iPods, mobile, tablets;specific applications like biomedical applications like pacemakers, hearing aid machines and space applications which require stable digital systems with low power consumptions are required. As a main part in digital system the SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) should have low power consumption and stability. As we are continuously moving towards scaling for the last two decades the effect of this is process variations which have severe effect on stability, performance. Reducing the supply voltage to sub-threshold region, which helps in reducing the power consumption to an extent but side by side it raises the issue of the stability of the memory. Static Noise Margin of SRAM cell enforces great challenges to the sub threshold SRAM design. In this paper we have analyzed the cell stability of 9T SRAM Cell at various processes. The cell stability is checked at deep submicron (DSM) technology. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of temperature and supply voltage (Vdd) on the stability parameters of SRAM which is Static Noise Margin (SNM), Write Margin (WM) and Read Current. The effect has been observed at various process corners at 45 nm technology. The temperature has a significant effect on stability along with the Vdd. The Cell has been working efficiently at all process corners and has 50% more SNM from conventional 6T SRAM and 30% more WM from conventional 6T SRAM cell.
基金This research is supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project Number(PNURSP2022R195),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘A set of mobile devices that employs wireless transmission for communication is termed Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs).Offering better communication services among the users in a centralized organization is the primary objective of the MANET.Due to the features of MANET,this can directly End-to-End Delay(EED)the Quality of Service(QoS).Hence,the implementation of resource management becomes an essential issue in MANETs.This paper focuses on the efficient Resource Allocation(RA)for many types of Traffic Flows(TF)in MANET.In Mobile Ad hoc Networks environments,the main objective of Resource Allocation(RA)is to process consistently available resources among terminals required to address the service requirements of the users.These three categories improve performance metrics by varying transmission rates and simulation time.For solving that problem,the proposed work is divided into Queue Management(QM),Admission Control(AC)and RA.For effective QM,this paper develops a QM model for elastic(EL)and inelastic(IEL)Traffic Flows.This research paper presents an AC mechanism for multiple TF for effective AC.This work presents a Resource Allocation Using Tokens(RAUT)for various priority TF for effective RA.Here,nodes have three cycles which are:Non-Critical Section(NCS),Entry Section(ES)and Critical Section(CS).When a node requires any resources,it sends Resource Request Message(RRM)to the ES.Elastic and inelastic TF priority is determined using Fuzzy Logic(FL).The token holder selects the node from the inelastic queue with high priority for allocating the resources.Using Network Simulator-2(NS-2),simulations demonstrate that the proposed design increases Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),decrease Packet Loss Ratio(PLR),minimise the Fairness and reduce the EED.
