OBJECTIVE： To investigate the potential rules and knowledge of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） and Western Medicine （WM） treatment on chronic urticaria （CU） based on data-mining methods. METHODS： Sixty pati...OBJECTIVE： To investigate the potential rules and knowledge of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） and Western Medicine （WM） treatment on chronic urticaria （CU） based on data-mining methods. METHODS： Sixty patients with chronic urticaria, treated with TCM and WM, were selected. Gray correlation analyses were adopted to determine therapeutic efficacy. Association algorithms were utilized to ascertain the correlation between the disease course and treatment results. A genetic algorithm was applied to discover the optimization model in theTCM and WM treatment on CU. RESULTS： The total symptom scores after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment in the TCM spleen-strengthening group correlated highly with the pretreatment total symptom score. The duration of treatment showed the greatest impact on the total symptom score. A quartic equation was established （y= - 1.6403x 10 - 6x4＋0.00025576x3＋0.0012819 x2 - 1.024x＋79.5879, and x=106.9518, y=83.0036） using the genetic algorithm. CONCLUSION： TCM treatment had a better effect in the later stage, whereas WM was better in the early stage. The duration of disease course had an impact on the effects of treatment. If the average total symptom score before treatment was 〈 83.0036, TCM or WM treatment could achieve better efficacy.展开更多
Nerve scarring after peripheral nerve injury can severely hamper nerve regeneration and functional recovery.Further,the anti-inflammatory cytokine,interleukin-10,can inhibit nerve scar formation.Saikosaponin a（SSa） ...Nerve scarring after peripheral nerve injury can severely hamper nerve regeneration and functional recovery.Further,the anti-inflammatory cytokine,interleukin-10,can inhibit nerve scar formation.Saikosaponin a（SSa） is a monomer molecule extracted from the Chinese medicine,Bupleurum.SSa can exert anti-inflammatory effects in spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury.However,it has not been shown whether SSa can play a role in peripheral nerve injury.In this study,rats were randomly assigned to three groups.In the sham group,the left sciatic nerve was directly sutured after exposure.In the sciatic nerve injury（SNI） ＋ SSa and SNI groups,the left sciatic nerve was sutured and continuously injected daily with SSa（10 mg/kg） or an equivalent volume of saline for 7 days.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that at 7 days after injury,interleukin-10 level was considerably higher in the SNI ＋ SSa group than in the SNI group.Masson staining and western blot assay demonstrated that at 8 weeks after injury,type I and III collagen content was lower and nerve scar formation was visibly less in the SNI ＋ SSa group compared with the SNI group.Simultaneously,sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity were improved in the SNI ＋ SSa group compared with the SNI group.These results confirm that SSa can increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor,interleukin-10,and reduce nerve scar formation to promote functional recovery of injured sciatic nerve.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of an herbal formula of Bushen Jianpi(补肾健脾方,BSJP)combined with sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in vitro and in vivo,and to study the underlying mechanisms of action...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of an herbal formula of Bushen Jianpi(补肾健脾方,BSJP)combined with sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in vitro and in vivo,and to study the underlying mechanisms of action.METHODS:BSJP,a mixture of 12 raw herbs,was extracted in 70%alcohol/30%water and freeze-dried into a powder.The in vitro effects of BSJP alone,sorafenib alone,and their combination on cell survival,apoptosis,and cell cycle distribution were evaluated in HCC cell lines HCCLM3,HepG2,and SMMC-7721.The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),caspase-3,and caspase-9 in HCCLM3 cells was measured using Western blots after drug administration.The in vivo effects of BSJP and sorafenib were evaluated in a tumor surgical resection model using 4-week old male athymic BALB/c nude mice injected with HCCLM3 cells.Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues was performed to evaluate the effects of BSJP alone,sorafenib alone,and their combination on the expression of caspase-3,caspase-9,and Bcl-2.RESULTS:BSJP decreased the survival rate of HCC cell lines,and the combination of BSJP and sorafenib further decreased the survival rate.BSJP significantly promoted cell apoptosis and blocked cell-cycle progression in HCCLM3,HepG2,and SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the administration of BSJP and sorafenib inhibited the growth of HCCLM3 cell xenografts in nude mice,with no reduction in body weight.In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that BSJP combined with sorafenib could significantly decrease the expression of Bcl-2.CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest that the herbal formula of BSJP is a potential HCC antitumor agent.展开更多
Adhesion of oil at rock surface plays an important role in the liberation of oil from micro-/nano-pores,especially for heavy oil that has extremely high viscosity.Although molecular dynamics simulation is widely used ...Adhesion of oil at rock surface plays an important role in the liberation of oil from micro-/nano-pores,especially for heavy oil that has extremely high viscosity.Although molecular dynamics simulation is widely used to study the interfacial interaction for some specific oil-water-rock systems,experimental measurements provide more realistic and reliable evidence.In this work,we propose a dynamic wettability characterization method to indirectly measure resistant forces at oil-surfactant-rock interfaces,including frictional force,wettability hysteresis force,and viscous force,which are parallel with the oil-solid interface.The adhesive force,which is normal to the oil-solid interface is calculated through measurement of work of adhesion.The results show that work of adhesion instead of contact angle can better describe the adhesion of oil at solid surface.The effect of surfactant concentration on work of adhesion is different for water-wet and oil-wet surfaces.Moreover,average viscous forces are calculated through force analysis on oil drops moving along solid surface in different surfactant environments.It is found that viscous force has a magnitude comparable to the frictional force during the movement,while the wettability hysteresis force is negligible.On the other hand,the adhesive force calculated from the work of adhesion is also comparable to the viscous force.Therefore,both the resistant forces parallel with and normal to the oil-solid interface should be minimized for the liberation of oil from rock surface.This work proposes a simple method to evaluate the wetting capability of different surfactants and measure the adhesive force between heavy oil and rock surfaces indirectly,which provides insight into the adhesion of heavy oil at rock surface and would be valuable for the development of surfactant-based oil recovery methods.展开更多
High-content screening(HCS)technology combines automated high-speed imaging hardware and single-cell quantitative analysis.It can greatly accelerate data acquisition in cellular fluorescence imaging and is a powerful ...High-content screening(HCS)technology combines automated high-speed imaging hardware and single-cell quantitative analysis.It can greatly accelerate data acquisition in cellular fluorescence imaging and is a powerful research technique in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).An increasing number of laboratories and platforms,including TCM laboratories,have begun utilizing HCS systems.However,this technology is still in its infancy in TCM research and there is a lack of sufficient experience with the associated concepts,instrument configurations,and analysis methods.To improve the understanding of HCS among researchers in the field of TCM,this paper summarizes the concept of HCS,software and hardware configuration,the overall research process,as well as common problems and related solutions of HCS in TCM research based on our team’s previous research experience,providing several research examples and an outlook on future perspectives,aiming to provide a technical guide for HCS in TCM research.展开更多
Background:Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.is a medicinal plant native to China,with its bark(Eucommiae Cortex)traditionally being used for medicinal purposes.Previous research has shown that Eucommia male flowers can exert an...Background:Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.is a medicinal plant native to China,with its bark(Eucommiae Cortex)traditionally being used for medicinal purposes.Previous research has shown that Eucommia male flowers can exert anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antibacterial,and other pharmacological effects,including immune regulation.This study explored the anti-inflammatory effects of the 70%ethanol extract of male flowers(EF)of E.ulmoides in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LPS-administered mice.Methods:Cytotoxicity of EF for RAW 264.7 cells was investigated using Cell Counting Kit-8.The production of proinflammatory mediators,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.IL-17,IL-23,and IL-10 mRNA levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Activation of the nuclear factor(NF)-κB pathway in RAW 264.7 cells was investigated via Western blotting.In vivo antiinflammatory effects of EF were studied in an LPS-induced acute inflammation mouse model by analyzing lung tissue histopathology,serum TNF-αand IL-6 levels,and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in lung tissue.Results:EF showed no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations from 10 to 60μg/mL(cell viability>80%)in the CCK-8 cell viability assay.EF inhibited the RAW 264.7 cell proliferation(EF 60μg/mL,120μg/mL,and 250μg/mL vs.negative control:87.31±2.39%vs.100.00±2.50%,P=0.001;79.01±2.56 vs.100.00±2.50%,P<0.001;and 64.83±2.50 vs.100.00±2.50%,P<0.001),suppressed NO(EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only,288.81±38.01 vs.447.68±19.07μmol/L,P=0.004;and 158.80±45.14 vs.447.68±19.07μmol/L,P<0.001),TNF-α(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,210.20±13.85 vs.577.70±5.35 pg/mL,P<0.001),IL-1β(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,193.30±10.80 vs.411.03±42.28 pg/mL,P<0.001),and IL-6(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,149.67±11.60 vs.524.80±6.24 pg/mL,P<0.001)secretion,and downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-17(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.23±0.02 vs.0.43±0.12,P<0.001),IL-23(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.29±0.01 vs.0.42±0.06,P=0.002),and IL-10(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.30±0.01 vs.0.47±0.01,P=0.008)in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.EF inhibited the LPS-induced NF-κB p65(LPS+EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only:0.78±0.06 vs.1.17±0.08,P<0.001;and 0.90±0.06 vs.1.17±0.08,P=0.002)and inhibitor of kappa B(IκBα)phosphorylation(LPS+EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only:0.25±0.01 vs.0.63±0.03,P<0.001;and 0.31±0.01 vs.0.63±0.03,P<0.001),LPS+EF 30μg/mL inhibited IκB kinase(IKKα/β)phosphorylation(LPS+EF 30μg/mL vs.LPS only,1.12±0.14 vs.1.71±0.25,P=0.002)in RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,EF 10 mg/kg and EF 20 mg/kg inhibited lung tissue inflammation in vivo and suppressed the serum TNF-α(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,199.99±186.49 vs.527.90±263.93 pg/mL,P=0.001;and 260.56±175.83 vs.527.90±263.93 pg/mL,P=0.005),and IL-6(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,41.26±30.42 vs.79.45±14.16 pg/ml,P=0.011;and 42.01±26.26 vs.79.45±14.16 pg/mL,P=0.012)levels and MPO(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,3.19±1.78 vs.5.39±1.51 U/g,P=0.004;and 3.32±1.57 vs.5.39±1.51 U/g,P=0.006)activity in lung tissue.Conclusions:EF could effectively inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and overactivation of neutrophils.Further investigation is needed to evaluate its potential for anti-inflammation therapy.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE： To investigate the potential rules and knowledge of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） and Western Medicine （WM） treatment on chronic urticaria （CU） based on data-mining methods. METHODS： Sixty patients with chronic urticaria, treated with TCM and WM, were selected. Gray correlation analyses were adopted to determine therapeutic efficacy. Association algorithms were utilized to ascertain the correlation between the disease course and treatment results. A genetic algorithm was applied to discover the optimization model in theTCM and WM treatment on CU. RESULTS： The total symptom scores after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment in the TCM spleen-strengthening group correlated highly with the pretreatment total symptom score. The duration of treatment showed the greatest impact on the total symptom score. A quartic equation was established （y= - 1.6403x 10 - 6x4＋0.00025576x3＋0.0012819 x2 - 1.024x＋79.5879, and x=106.9518, y=83.0036） using the genetic algorithm. CONCLUSION： TCM treatment had a better effect in the later stage, whereas WM was better in the early stage. The duration of disease course had an impact on the effects of treatment. If the average total symptom score before treatment was 〈 83.0036, TCM or WM treatment could achieve better efficacy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.11672332,11102235,8167050417the National Key Research and Development Plan of China,No.2016YFC1101500+1 种基金the Key Science and Technology Support Foundation of Tianjin City of China,No.17YFZCSY00620the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City of China,No.15JCYBJC28600,17JCZDJC35400
文摘Nerve scarring after peripheral nerve injury can severely hamper nerve regeneration and functional recovery.Further,the anti-inflammatory cytokine,interleukin-10,can inhibit nerve scar formation.Saikosaponin a（SSa） is a monomer molecule extracted from the Chinese medicine,Bupleurum.SSa can exert anti-inflammatory effects in spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury.However,it has not been shown whether SSa can play a role in peripheral nerve injury.In this study,rats were randomly assigned to three groups.In the sham group,the left sciatic nerve was directly sutured after exposure.In the sciatic nerve injury（SNI） ＋ SSa and SNI groups,the left sciatic nerve was sutured and continuously injected daily with SSa（10 mg/kg） or an equivalent volume of saline for 7 days.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results demonstrated that at 7 days after injury,interleukin-10 level was considerably higher in the SNI ＋ SSa group than in the SNI group.Masson staining and western blot assay demonstrated that at 8 weeks after injury,type I and III collagen content was lower and nerve scar formation was visibly less in the SNI ＋ SSa group compared with the SNI group.Simultaneously,sciatic functional index and nerve conduction velocity were improved in the SNI ＋ SSa group compared with the SNI group.These results confirm that SSa can increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor,interleukin-10,and reduce nerve scar formation to promote functional recovery of injured sciatic nerve.
基金Shanghai Science and Technology Commission:a Randomized,Controlled,Double-blind Clinical Study of Xianglian Pill on Immunotherapy of Advanced Malignant Tumor(No.19401971600)Hongkou District Health Committee National Medicine:Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology Specialty and Comprehensive Treatment Area Project(No.HGY-ZHZL-2018-03)Budget Project of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Exploring the Mechanism of Berberine Reversing T Cell Failure and Enhancing the Curative Effect of Immunotherapy for Lung Cancer Based on Tox Gene(2020TS101)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of an herbal formula of Bushen Jianpi(补肾健脾方,BSJP)combined with sorafenib on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in vitro and in vivo,and to study the underlying mechanisms of action.METHODS:BSJP,a mixture of 12 raw herbs,was extracted in 70%alcohol/30%water and freeze-dried into a powder.The in vitro effects of BSJP alone,sorafenib alone,and their combination on cell survival,apoptosis,and cell cycle distribution were evaluated in HCC cell lines HCCLM3,HepG2,and SMMC-7721.The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),caspase-3,and caspase-9 in HCCLM3 cells was measured using Western blots after drug administration.The in vivo effects of BSJP and sorafenib were evaluated in a tumor surgical resection model using 4-week old male athymic BALB/c nude mice injected with HCCLM3 cells.Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues was performed to evaluate the effects of BSJP alone,sorafenib alone,and their combination on the expression of caspase-3,caspase-9,and Bcl-2.RESULTS:BSJP decreased the survival rate of HCC cell lines,and the combination of BSJP and sorafenib further decreased the survival rate.BSJP significantly promoted cell apoptosis and blocked cell-cycle progression in HCCLM3,HepG2,and SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the administration of BSJP and sorafenib inhibited the growth of HCCLM3 cell xenografts in nude mice,with no reduction in body weight.In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that BSJP combined with sorafenib could significantly decrease the expression of Bcl-2.CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest that the herbal formula of BSJP is a potential HCC antitumor agent.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0702400).
文摘Adhesion of oil at rock surface plays an important role in the liberation of oil from micro-/nano-pores,especially for heavy oil that has extremely high viscosity.Although molecular dynamics simulation is widely used to study the interfacial interaction for some specific oil-water-rock systems,experimental measurements provide more realistic and reliable evidence.In this work,we propose a dynamic wettability characterization method to indirectly measure resistant forces at oil-surfactant-rock interfaces,including frictional force,wettability hysteresis force,and viscous force,which are parallel with the oil-solid interface.The adhesive force,which is normal to the oil-solid interface is calculated through measurement of work of adhesion.The results show that work of adhesion instead of contact angle can better describe the adhesion of oil at solid surface.The effect of surfactant concentration on work of adhesion is different for water-wet and oil-wet surfaces.Moreover,average viscous forces are calculated through force analysis on oil drops moving along solid surface in different surfactant environments.It is found that viscous force has a magnitude comparable to the frictional force during the movement,while the wettability hysteresis force is negligible.On the other hand,the adhesive force calculated from the work of adhesion is also comparable to the viscous force.Therefore,both the resistant forces parallel with and normal to the oil-solid interface should be minimized for the liberation of oil from rock surface.This work proposes a simple method to evaluate the wetting capability of different surfactants and measure the adhesive force between heavy oil and rock surfaces indirectly,which provides insight into the adhesion of heavy oil at rock surface and would be valuable for the development of surfactant-based oil recovery methods.
基金supported by grants from the Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou(OO20200121,China)“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(2023C03004,2024C03143).
文摘High-content screening(HCS)technology combines automated high-speed imaging hardware and single-cell quantitative analysis.It can greatly accelerate data acquisition in cellular fluorescence imaging and is a powerful research technique in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).An increasing number of laboratories and platforms,including TCM laboratories,have begun utilizing HCS systems.However,this technology is still in its infancy in TCM research and there is a lack of sufficient experience with the associated concepts,instrument configurations,and analysis methods.To improve the understanding of HCS among researchers in the field of TCM,this paper summarizes the concept of HCS,software and hardware configuration,the overall research process,as well as common problems and related solutions of HCS in TCM research based on our team’s previous research experience,providing several research examples and an outlook on future perspectives,aiming to provide a technical guide for HCS in TCM research.
基金grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81573814,81773922)the Shanghai Construction Project of the Establishment of Innovation Center(No.U163020201)the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2016YSN10).
文摘Background:Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.is a medicinal plant native to China,with its bark(Eucommiae Cortex)traditionally being used for medicinal purposes.Previous research has shown that Eucommia male flowers can exert anti-inflammatory,analgesic,antibacterial,and other pharmacological effects,including immune regulation.This study explored the anti-inflammatory effects of the 70%ethanol extract of male flowers(EF)of E.ulmoides in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LPS-administered mice.Methods:Cytotoxicity of EF for RAW 264.7 cells was investigated using Cell Counting Kit-8.The production of proinflammatory mediators,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.IL-17,IL-23,and IL-10 mRNA levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Activation of the nuclear factor(NF)-κB pathway in RAW 264.7 cells was investigated via Western blotting.In vivo antiinflammatory effects of EF were studied in an LPS-induced acute inflammation mouse model by analyzing lung tissue histopathology,serum TNF-αand IL-6 levels,and myeloperoxidase(MPO)activity in lung tissue.Results:EF showed no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations from 10 to 60μg/mL(cell viability>80%)in the CCK-8 cell viability assay.EF inhibited the RAW 264.7 cell proliferation(EF 60μg/mL,120μg/mL,and 250μg/mL vs.negative control:87.31±2.39%vs.100.00±2.50%,P=0.001;79.01±2.56 vs.100.00±2.50%,P<0.001;and 64.83±2.50 vs.100.00±2.50%,P<0.001),suppressed NO(EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only,288.81±38.01 vs.447.68±19.07μmol/L,P=0.004;and 158.80±45.14 vs.447.68±19.07μmol/L,P<0.001),TNF-α(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,210.20±13.85 vs.577.70±5.35 pg/mL,P<0.001),IL-1β(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,193.30±10.80 vs.411.03±42.28 pg/mL,P<0.001),and IL-6(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,149.67±11.60 vs.524.80±6.24 pg/mL,P<0.001)secretion,and downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-17(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.23±0.02 vs.0.43±0.12,P<0.001),IL-23(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.29±0.01 vs.0.42±0.06,P=0.002),and IL-10(LPS+EF vs.LPS only,0.30±0.01 vs.0.47±0.01,P=0.008)in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.EF inhibited the LPS-induced NF-κB p65(LPS+EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only:0.78±0.06 vs.1.17±0.08,P<0.001;and 0.90±0.06 vs.1.17±0.08,P=0.002)and inhibitor of kappa B(IκBα)phosphorylation(LPS+EF 20μg/mL and 30μg/mL vs.LPS only:0.25±0.01 vs.0.63±0.03,P<0.001;and 0.31±0.01 vs.0.63±0.03,P<0.001),LPS+EF 30μg/mL inhibited IκB kinase(IKKα/β)phosphorylation(LPS+EF 30μg/mL vs.LPS only,1.12±0.14 vs.1.71±0.25,P=0.002)in RAW 264.7 cells.Furthermore,EF 10 mg/kg and EF 20 mg/kg inhibited lung tissue inflammation in vivo and suppressed the serum TNF-α(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,199.99±186.49 vs.527.90±263.93 pg/mL,P=0.001;and 260.56±175.83 vs.527.90±263.93 pg/mL,P=0.005),and IL-6(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,41.26±30.42 vs.79.45±14.16 pg/ml,P=0.011;and 42.01±26.26 vs.79.45±14.16 pg/mL,P=0.012)levels and MPO(LPS+EF 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg vs.LPS only,3.19±1.78 vs.5.39±1.51 U/g,P=0.004;and 3.32±1.57 vs.5.39±1.51 U/g,P=0.006)activity in lung tissue.Conclusions:EF could effectively inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors and overactivation of neutrophils.Further investigation is needed to evaluate its potential for anti-inflammation therapy.
