In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless...In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless access,establish intelligent connection for wide area objects,and provide intelligent services.Due to issues such as massive access,doppler shift,and limited spectrum resources in NTN,research on resource management is crucial for optimizing NTN performance.In this paper,a comprehensive survey of multi-pattern heterogeneous NTN resource management is provided.Firstly,the key technologies involved in NTN resource management is summarized.Secondly,NTN resource management is discussed from network pattern and resource pattern.The network pattern focuses on the application of different optimization methods to different network dimension communication resource management,and the resource type pattern focuses on the research and application of multi-domain resource management such as computation,cache,communication and sensing.Finally,future research directions and challenges of 6G NTN resource management are discussed.展开更多
The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are...The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are required in the process of plant supplementing light,arrow-band emitting phosphors are applied to backlight displays,etc.In this work,a Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor was obtained in a symmetrical and co mpact crystal structure of Gd3Sb07(GSO).Then,the co-doping strategy of alkali metal ions(Li^(+),Na^(+),and K^(+))was used to optimize the performance.The result shows that the photoluminescence intensity is increased by 2.1 times and 1.3 times respectively by introducing Li~+and K^(+)ions.Not only that,it also achieves narrow-band emitting with the full width of half-maximum(FWHM)reaching 42 nm through Na^(+)doping,and its excitation peak position also shifts from 322 to 375 nm,which can be well excited by near-ultraviolet(NUV)light emitting diode(LED)chips(365 nm).Meanwhile,the electroluminescence spectrum of GSO:0.6 mol%Bi^(3+),3 wt%Na^(+)matches up to 93.39%of the blue part of the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a.In summary,the Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor reported in this work can synchronously meet the requirements of plant light replenishment and field emission displays.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the effects of silicon fertilizer spraying on the growth,yield,quality,and overall benefits of rice cultivation.[Methods]A systematic experiment involving the single-spray multi-promotion te...[Objectives]To investigate the effects of silicon fertilizer spraying on the growth,yield,quality,and overall benefits of rice cultivation.[Methods]A systematic experiment involving the single-spray multi-promotion technology of silicon fertilizer via unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)was conducted in three representative rice-growing areas:Ma'an Town,Shuikou Subdistrict,and Luzhou Town.[Results]The spraying of silicon fertilizer markedly enhanced the root development of rice,resulting in increased tiller number,plant height,stem thickness,panicle length,and 1000-grain weight,thereby effectively improving both yield and quality.This treatment exerted six primary beneficial effects:promoting robust and stable seedling growth,enhancing stress resistance,reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers,improving quality,increasing economic benefits,and significantly advancing ecological and social benefits.[Conclusions]The application of silicon fertilizer through spraying is an effective agronomic practice that simultaneously promotes increased rice yield,improved quality,enhanced efficiency,and the sustainable development of resources and the environment.展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns...Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns about grid stability.Accurate PV power prediction has been demonstrated as crucial for power system operation and scheduling,enabling power slope control,fluctuation mitigation,grid stability enhancement,and reliable data support for secure grid operation.However,existing prediction models primarily target centralized PV plants,largely neglecting the spatiotemporal coupling dynamics and output uncertainties inherent to distributed PV systems.This study proposes a novel Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network(STGNN)architecture for distributed PV power generation prediction,designed to enhance distributed photovoltaic(PV)power generation forecasting accuracy and support regional grid scheduling.This approach models each PV power plant as a node in an undirected graph,with edges representing correlations between plants to capture spatial dependencies.The model comprises multiple Sparse Attention-based Adaptive Spatio-Temporal(SAAST)blocks.The SAAST blocks include sparse temporal attention,sparse spatial attention,an adaptive Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),and a temporal convolution network(TCN).These components eliminate weak temporal and spatial correlations,better represent dynamic spatial dependencies,and further enhance prediction accuracy.Finally,multi-dimensional comparative experiments between the STGNN and other models on the DKASC PV dataset demonstrate its superior performance in terms of accuracy and goodness-of-fit for distributed PV power generation prediction.展开更多
The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of...The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of standard samples for mechanical testing.This paper compared the tensile strengths obtained from Brazilian splitting tests on standard samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)and micro-tensile samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)of two types of granites.A power-law size effect model was established between the two sets of data,validating the reliability of the testing method.Then,miniature Brazilian splitting under real-time high-temperature,combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed temperature-dependent strength variations and microstructural damage mechanisms.The results show that:(1)The comparison error between the tensile strength obtained by the fitting model and that of the measured standard samples was less than 6%.(2)In real-time high-temperature conditions,tensile strength of granite exhibited non-monotonic behavior,increasing below 300°C before decreasing,with sharp declines at 400–500°C and 600–700°C.(3)Thermal damage stems from the differences in the high-temperature behavior of minerals,including dehydration,phase transformation,and differential expansion.展开更多
[Objectives]To develop methods for the early and rapid detection of tomato gray mold.[Methods]Utilizing the ACTIN gene of Botrytis cinerea as the target,a set of specific primers for loop-mediated isothermal amplifica...[Objectives]To develop methods for the early and rapid detection of tomato gray mold.[Methods]Utilizing the ACTIN gene of Botrytis cinerea as the target,a set of specific primers for loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)was designed and screened.Subsequently,the reaction system and conditions were optimized to achieve rapid isothermal amplification of B.cinerea.[Results]Through agarose gel electrophoresis and SYBR GreenⅠvisualization analysis,the optimal dosages of BstⅡDNA polymerase and dNTPs,as well as the optimal ratio of internal to external primers,were determined to be 0.6 U/μL,1.25 mmol/L,and 2:1,respectively.The specific detection of B.cinerea was accomplished at 61℃ for 40 min,achieving a sensitivity of 100 ag/μL,which is 106 times greater than that of conventional PCR detection.When this method was applied to the detection of tomato diseases,the detection limit for B.cinerea spores reached 20 spores/mL.Furthermore,the pathogen was detectable in tomato leaves that had been infected for 4 d,despite the absence of visible phenotypic symptoms of gray mold.[Conclusions]This method is suitable for the early,rapid,sensitive,and visual detection of tomato gray mold,thereby offering technical support for its early diagnosis,prevention,and control.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To confirm the effectiveness and safety of Shi's manipulation in treating acute and subacute neck pain patients.METHODS:This multicenter,positive controlled,randomized clinical trial has trial and contro...OBJECTIVE:To confirm the effectiveness and safety of Shi's manipulation in treating acute and subacute neck pain patients.METHODS:This multicenter,positive controlled,randomized clinical trial has trial and control groups.There were 240 patients randomly assigned to the trial group and the control group,and both groups received their respective intervention treatment methods for a period of 12 weeks.The time windows for clinical data collection were before treatment,immediately after treatment,3-d 1,2,4,8,and 12-week after treatment,and follow-up was conducted at 26 and 52-week after treatment.The observed indicators used include primary outcome index and secondary outcome index,with the primary outcome index being the assessment of neck pain severity,which is evaluated by patients using Numerical Rating Scale(NRS).Secondary secondary outcome index include,(a)cervical dysfunction index,measured by patients using the Neck Disability Index(NDI)for self-assessment;(b)Cervical activity measurement,measured through the cervical range of motion measurement program on Android mobile system;(c)Satisfaction treatment assessment,determined by the patient's self-evaluation;(d)Safety index,recorded the incidence of adverse reactions and adverse event.Results:The results showed that these efficacy indices were improved in different degrees in both groups.At immediate after intervention,there was significant difference in NRS,NDI,Cervical Range of Motion(ROM)between the two groups(P<0.01),the trial group was superior to the control group.At 3-d after intervention,there was significant difference in NRS,NDI,ROM between the two groups(P<0.01).At 1-week and 2-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI and ROM between the two groups(P<0.01).At 4-week and 6-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,ROM between the two groups(P<0.05).At 8-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,lateral-bending and axial-rotation ROM between the two groups(P<0.05).At 12-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI between the two groups(P<0.01).At 26-week and 52-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,NRS between the two groups(P<0.01).In addition,the adverse reaction of trial group is significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction of patients in the trial group was better than that in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest that Shi's manipulation can be a good complementary treatment option in patients with acute and subacute neck pain.展开更多
Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates ...Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates precise and efficient grinding techniques to produce components with satisfactory functionality.However,the inherent high hardness and brittleness of SiC ceramics present significant challenges during grinding,leading to severe brittle fracture and tool wear that compromise both surface integrity and production efficiency.Although ductile-regime grinding of SiC ceramics can be achieved by enhancing machine tool accuracy and stiffness while optimizing wheel performance alongside appropriate selection of process parameters,a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying damage evolution during grinding is lacking,and a mature grinding process for SiC ceramics has yet to be developed.To bridge this gap,the sintering technologies,mechanical properties,and microstructures of SiC ceramics were briefly covered.The grinding-induced damage mechanism and low-damage grinding technologies of SiC ceramics were summarized.The fundamental science underlying the ductile deformation and removal mechanisms of brittle solids was emphasized.Additionally,attention was directed towards the critical role of hybrid energy field grinding in minimizing brittle damages and promoting removal efficiency.This review not only elucidates the intrinsic interactions between the work material and abrasives,but also offers valuable insights for optimizing the grinding processes of brittle solids.展开更多
Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for unde...Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for understanding the characteristics of gas hydrate reservoirs, the spatial distribution of natural gas hydrates, and their exploitation potential. Geophysical exploration remains the primary approach for investigating the petrophysical properties of GHBS. However, limitations in resolution make it challenging to accurately characterize complex sediment structures, leading to difficulties in precisely interpreting petrophysical properties. Laboratory-based petrophysical experiments provide highly accurate results for petrophysical properties. Despite their accuracy, these experiments are costly, and difficulties in controlling variables may introduce uncertainties into geophysical exploration models.Advances in imaging and simulation techniques have established digital rock technology as an indispensable tool for enhancing petrophysical experimentation. This technology offers a novel microscopic perspective for elucidating the three-dimensional(3D) spatial distribution and multi-physical responses of GHBS. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of digital rock technology as applied to GHBS, with an emphasis on digital rock reconstruction and simulation of petrophysical properties. First, we summarize two common methods for constructing digital rocks of GHBS: petrophysical experimental methods and numerical reconstruction methods, followed by analyses of their respective advantages and limitations. Next, we delve into numerical simulation methods for evaluating GHBS petrophysical properties, including electrical, elastic, and fluid flow characteristics. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in digital rock reconstruction and petrophysical simulation techniques for GHBS, emphasizing the necessity of multi-scale, multi-component, high-resolution 3D digital rock models to facilitate the precise characterization of complex gas hydrate reservoirs. Future applications of microscopic digital rock technology should be integrated with macroscopic geophysical exploration to enable more comprehensive and precise analyses of GHBS petrophysical properties.展开更多
With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodo...With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodologies from the nanometer scale to the sub-nanometer scale.Metasurfaces,owing to their superior light field manipulation capabilities,exhibit significant promise in the domains of displacement measurement and positioning,and are anticipated to be applied in the advanced alignment systems of lithography machines.This paper primarily provides an overview of the contemporary alignment and precise displacement measurement technologies employed in photolithography stages,alongside the operational principles of metasurfaces in the context of precise displacement measurement and alignment.Furthermore,it explores the evolution of metasurface systems capable of achieving nano/sub-nano precision,and identifies the critical issues associated with sub-nanometer measurements using metasurfaces,as well as the principal obstacles encountered in their implementation within photolithography stages.The objective is to provide initial guidance for the advancement of photolithography technology.展开更多
This study innovatively employs functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)technology to investigate passengers’brain responses to various external stimuli during high-speed train operations,assessing their impact o...This study innovatively employs functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)technology to investigate passengers’brain responses to various external stimuli during high-speed train operations,assessing their impact on passenger comfort.Three stimuli are examined:passing through tunnels,sonic booms at tunnel exits,and two trains meeting within the tunnel.The analysis of environmental variables,including cabin noise,cabin-to-external pressure,and cabin-to-body acceleration,reveals that changes in auditory and pressure levels during the tunnel experience led to an 87%increase in oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO)levels in the temporal lobe(TL).This reflects a brief discomfort that subsides as passengers adapt,with HbO levels nearly returning to pre-tunnel levels upon exit.Among the stimuli,the sonic boom triggered the most significant neural response,with HbO fluctuations increased by 175%.In contrast,the impact of train meetings was minor,yielding an average HbO increase of only 14.21%.Connectivity analysis further shows significant enhancements in brain functional connectivity during tunnel entrance and sonic boom scenarios,with increases of 52%and 80%,respectively.Our findings contribute to passenger comfort assessment by establishing objective neurophysiological measures that quantify previously subjective experiences.The application of fNIRS in this dynamic environment creates new possibilities for evidence-based comfort optimization in railway design.展开更多
Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength...Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength with EP is suboptimal,resulting in aggregation within the EP matrix and a subsequent deterioration in the mechanical performance of u-ION/EP nanocomposites.In this comprehensive review,we explored advanced chemical modification techniques tailored for IONs incorporated into EP,providing a detailed examination of the mechanical characteristics of surface cm-ION/EP nanocomposites.This review investigates various chemical modification methods and their distinct impacts on the mechanical attributes of the resulting EP nanocomposites.Special emphasis is given to addressing the persistent challenges of inadequate interfacial strength and aggregation.Furthermore,this article examines prospective surface modification approaches for inorganic oxide nanoparticles,offering a visionary outlook on methods to improve the mechanical performance of EP in future.展开更多
The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment....The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.展开更多
As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a ...As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a distributed approach enabling collaborative data processing without sharing raw data,offers promising solutions to challenges in multi-center medical data sharing.This review summarizes the progress of federated learning in multi-center medical data processing,analyzed from four perspectives:system architectures,data distribution strategies,clinical tasks,and algorithmic models.At the same time,this paper explores the challenges in practical applications,such as data heterogeneity,communication overhead,and privacy concerns.It proposes driving future research development by optimizing algorithms,strengthening privacy protection mechanisms,and enhancing computational efficiency.展开更多
Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigati...Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigating the probable risk factors and establishing comprehensive models for formulating clinical strategies.Methods:Overall,16,158 patients with HCC from 8 hospitals were screened,among whom 3,125 patients who underwent R0 resection were included,and divided into development(n=2,113)and validation(n=1,012)cohorts.A comprehensive study of HPR predictive models and biological features was conducted.Results:Among the 3,125 enrolled patients,506(16.19%)developed HPR.The influence of HPR on extremely poor prognosis was reflected by recurrence features,adverse effects on systemic and liver function,and limited therapeutic options.Nine variables closely associated with HPR were identified,and incorporated into nomogram and conditional inference tree models,which successfully achieved pre-and post-operative HPR risk stratification and facilitated clinical decision-making.Multi-dimensional verification also confirmed the predictive accuracy of model combinations and their reliability in clinical applications.Furthermore,biological analyses revealed that HCCs with HPR exhibited hyperactive biological processes,inactive metabolism,and immune exhaustion features,together with high MYCN/HMGA2 co-expression,thereby enhancing understanding of the molecular events leading to HPR and providing valuable knowledge for HPR management.Conclusions:HPR after hepatectomy is associated with extremely poor prognosis and requires substantial attention.We constructed comprehensive predictive models and propose a clinical strategy for guiding HPR prevention and management.展开更多
The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of th...The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of these diseases.This paper comprehensively reviews the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic neurodegenerative diseases,aiming to uncover the potential use of targeted mitochondrial interventions as viable therapeutic options.We detail five targeted mitochondrial intervention strategies for chronic neurodegenerative diseases that act by promoting mitophagy,inhibiting mitochondrial fission,enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis,applying mitochondria-targeting antioxidants,and transplanting mitochondria.Each method has unique advantages and potential limitations,making them suitable for various therapeutic situations.Therapies that promote mitophagy or inhibit mitochondrial fission could be particularly effective in slowing disease progression,especially in the early stages.In contrast,those that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and apply mitochondria-targeting antioxidants may offer great benefits during the middle stages of the disease by improving cellular antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism.Mitochondrial transplantation,while still experimental,holds great promise for restoring the function of damaged cells.Future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms and effects of these intervention strategies,particularly regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.Additionally,the development of innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches,such as gene editing and nanotechnology,may provide new solutions for treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases.Implementing combined therapeutic strategies that integrate multiple intervention methods could also enhance treatment outcomes.展开更多
The TiB+TiC dual-reinforced B_(4)C/TC4 composite was in-situ fabricated via incorporating 0.5wt%B_(4)C reinforcement during the laser melting deposition process.Different heat treatments of annealing and solid solutio...The TiB+TiC dual-reinforced B_(4)C/TC4 composite was in-situ fabricated via incorporating 0.5wt%B_(4)C reinforcement during the laser melting deposition process.Different heat treatments of annealing and solid solution were used to regulate the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion properties of B_(4)C/TC4 composite.Results show that with the increase in temperature from 500℃to 800°C,partial lamellarα-Ti in the as-deposited sample is gradually transformed into equiaxedα-Ti,accompanied by the disappearance of basketweave microstructure.At 1100°C,a small portion of TiC phase suffers fusion.This composite exhibits the optimal combination of strength and plasticity after annealing at 500℃for 4 h followed by furnace cooling,which is attributed to the stress release effect and the refined basketweave microstructure.However,this composite shows a decline in corrosion resistance after various heat treatments due to grain coarsening and micro-galvanic corrosion.展开更多
Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(...Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(4,4'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid),phen(1,10-phenanthroline),bpb(1,4-bis(pyrid-4-yl)benzene),bpa(bis(4-pyridyl)amine),and copper,nickel and cadmium chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three complexes crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n,tetragonal I42d,and orthorhombic P21212 space groups.The complexes exhibit molecular dimers(1)or 2D metal-organic networks(2 and 3).The catalytic performances in the Knoevenagel reaction of these complexes were investigated.Complex 1 exhibits an effective catalytic activity and excellent reusability as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel reaction at room temperature.CCDC:2463800,1;2463801,2;2463802,3.展开更多
Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely us...Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely used in fields such as injection molding,die casting,and stamping dies.Adding reinforcing particles into steel is an effective means to improve its performance.Nb/18Ni300 composites were fabricated by LPBF using two kinds of Nb powders with different particle sizes,and their microstructures and properties were studied.The results show that the unmelted Nb particles are uniformly distributed in the 18Ni300 matrix and the grains are refined,which is particularly pronounced with fine Nb particles.In addition,element diffusion occurs between the particles and the matrix.The main phases of the base alloy are α-Fe and a small amount of γ-Fe.With the addition of Nb,part of the α-Fe is transformed into γ-Fe,and unmelted Nb phases appear.The addition of Nb also enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the composites but slightly reduces their tensile properties.After aging treatment,the molten pools and grain boundaries become blurred,grains are further refined,and the interfaces around the particles are thinned.The aging treatment also promotes the formation of reverted austenite.The hardness,ultimate tensile strength,and volumetric wear rate of the base alloy reach 51.9 HRC,1704 MPa,and 17.8×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m),respectively.In contrast,the sample added with fine Nb particles has the highest hardness(56.1 HRC),ultimate tensile strength(1892 MPa)and yield strength(1842 MPa),and the volume wear rate of the sample added with coarse Nb particles is reduced by 90%to 1.7×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m).展开更多
[Objectives]To provide a reference for the efficient use of wild Paeonia suffruticosa germplasm resources and the scientific selection of parents.[Methods]This study systematically evaluated cross-compatibility by con...[Objectives]To provide a reference for the efficient use of wild Paeonia suffruticosa germplasm resources and the scientific selection of parents.[Methods]This study systematically evaluated cross-compatibility by conducting interspecific crosses among the major wild species subsect.Delavayanae(Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia lutea,Paeonia potaninii,and Paeonia ludlowii)as well as reciprocal crosses between these species and cultivated varieties from the subsect.Vaginatae.[Results]Crosses among P.delavayi,P.lutea,and P.potaninii generally exhibited good seed set,with the resulting seeds showing a high emergence rate.In contrast,crosses involving P.ludlowii as a parent produced only a limited number of seeds,none of which germinated.In crosses with cultivated varieties where the wild species served as the maternal parent,the average seed set ranked as follows:P.lutea>P.delavayi>P.ludlowii>P.potaninii.When wild species were used as paternal parent,the average seed set ranked as follows:P.potaninii>P.lutea>P.delavayi>P.ludlowii.On the whole,most crosses between wild species of subsect.Delavayanae and cultivated varieties achieved normal seed set,demonstrating a certain degree of cross-compatibility.However,when the wild species served as the maternal parent,both the seed set and seedling emergence rate were superior to those in the reciprocal crosses(with wild species as the paternal parent).[Conclusions]Significant differences in cross-compatibility were observed among species within Paeonia subsect.Delavayanae.In addition,a significant maternal effect was identified in crosses between wild species of this subsection and cultivated varieties.These findings suggest that by selecting highly compatible combinations,there remains considerable potential for utilizing these wild species in peony breeding.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62225103,U22B2003,U2441227,and U24A20211the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant L241008+3 种基金the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program JCKY2022110C010the National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Foundation under Grant IFN20230201the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant FRFTP-22-002C2the Xiaomi Fund of Young Scholar。
文摘In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless access,establish intelligent connection for wide area objects,and provide intelligent services.Due to issues such as massive access,doppler shift,and limited spectrum resources in NTN,research on resource management is crucial for optimizing NTN performance.In this paper,a comprehensive survey of multi-pattern heterogeneous NTN resource management is provided.Firstly,the key technologies involved in NTN resource management is summarized.Secondly,NTN resource management is discussed from network pattern and resource pattern.The network pattern focuses on the application of different optimization methods to different network dimension communication resource management,and the resource type pattern focuses on the research and application of multi-domain resource management such as computation,cache,communication and sensing.Finally,future research directions and challenges of 6G NTN resource management are discussed.
基金Project supported by the Key R&D Projects in Hunan Province(2021SK2047,2022NK2044)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022WZ1022)Superior Youth Project of the Science Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(22B0211)。
文摘The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are required in the process of plant supplementing light,arrow-band emitting phosphors are applied to backlight displays,etc.In this work,a Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor was obtained in a symmetrical and co mpact crystal structure of Gd3Sb07(GSO).Then,the co-doping strategy of alkali metal ions(Li^(+),Na^(+),and K^(+))was used to optimize the performance.The result shows that the photoluminescence intensity is increased by 2.1 times and 1.3 times respectively by introducing Li~+and K^(+)ions.Not only that,it also achieves narrow-band emitting with the full width of half-maximum(FWHM)reaching 42 nm through Na^(+)doping,and its excitation peak position also shifts from 322 to 375 nm,which can be well excited by near-ultraviolet(NUV)light emitting diode(LED)chips(365 nm).Meanwhile,the electroluminescence spectrum of GSO:0.6 mol%Bi^(3+),3 wt%Na^(+)matches up to 93.39%of the blue part of the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a.In summary,the Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor reported in this work can synchronously meet the requirements of plant light replenishment and field emission displays.
基金Supported by Huizhou Municipal Stable Grain and Oil Production Award and Subsidy Project"2025 Single-spray Multi-Promotion Project of Silicon Fertilizer on Rice Crops Using UAVs of Huicheng District".
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the effects of silicon fertilizer spraying on the growth,yield,quality,and overall benefits of rice cultivation.[Methods]A systematic experiment involving the single-spray multi-promotion technology of silicon fertilizer via unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)was conducted in three representative rice-growing areas:Ma'an Town,Shuikou Subdistrict,and Luzhou Town.[Results]The spraying of silicon fertilizer markedly enhanced the root development of rice,resulting in increased tiller number,plant height,stem thickness,panicle length,and 1000-grain weight,thereby effectively improving both yield and quality.This treatment exerted six primary beneficial effects:promoting robust and stable seedling growth,enhancing stress resistance,reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers,improving quality,increasing economic benefits,and significantly advancing ecological and social benefits.[Conclusions]The application of silicon fertilizer through spraying is an effective agronomic practice that simultaneously promotes increased rice yield,improved quality,enhanced efficiency,and the sustainable development of resources and the environment.
基金supported by the State Grid Corporation of China Headquarters Science and Technology Project“Research on Key Technologies for Power System Source-Load Forecasting and Regulation Capacity Assessment Oriented towards Major Weather Processes”(4000-202355381A-2-3-XG).
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns about grid stability.Accurate PV power prediction has been demonstrated as crucial for power system operation and scheduling,enabling power slope control,fluctuation mitigation,grid stability enhancement,and reliable data support for secure grid operation.However,existing prediction models primarily target centralized PV plants,largely neglecting the spatiotemporal coupling dynamics and output uncertainties inherent to distributed PV systems.This study proposes a novel Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network(STGNN)architecture for distributed PV power generation prediction,designed to enhance distributed photovoltaic(PV)power generation forecasting accuracy and support regional grid scheduling.This approach models each PV power plant as a node in an undirected graph,with edges representing correlations between plants to capture spatial dependencies.The model comprises multiple Sparse Attention-based Adaptive Spatio-Temporal(SAAST)blocks.The SAAST blocks include sparse temporal attention,sparse spatial attention,an adaptive Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),and a temporal convolution network(TCN).These components eliminate weak temporal and spatial correlations,better represent dynamic spatial dependencies,and further enhance prediction accuracy.Finally,multi-dimensional comparative experiments between the STGNN and other models on the DKASC PV dataset demonstrate its superior performance in terms of accuracy and goodness-of-fit for distributed PV power generation prediction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174175 and 52274078)the Program for the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team in Universities of Henan Province(No.23IRTSTHN005)。
文摘The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of standard samples for mechanical testing.This paper compared the tensile strengths obtained from Brazilian splitting tests on standard samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)and micro-tensile samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)of two types of granites.A power-law size effect model was established between the two sets of data,validating the reliability of the testing method.Then,miniature Brazilian splitting under real-time high-temperature,combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed temperature-dependent strength variations and microstructural damage mechanisms.The results show that:(1)The comparison error between the tensile strength obtained by the fitting model and that of the measured standard samples was less than 6%.(2)In real-time high-temperature conditions,tensile strength of granite exhibited non-monotonic behavior,increasing below 300°C before decreasing,with sharp declines at 400–500°C and 600–700°C.(3)Thermal damage stems from the differences in the high-temperature behavior of minerals,including dehydration,phase transformation,and differential expansion.
基金Supported by Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project of Hebei Province(226Z6501G)Science and Technology Program of Hebei Academy of Sciences(23306,24306,25306).
文摘[Objectives]To develop methods for the early and rapid detection of tomato gray mold.[Methods]Utilizing the ACTIN gene of Botrytis cinerea as the target,a set of specific primers for loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)was designed and screened.Subsequently,the reaction system and conditions were optimized to achieve rapid isothermal amplification of B.cinerea.[Results]Through agarose gel electrophoresis and SYBR GreenⅠvisualization analysis,the optimal dosages of BstⅡDNA polymerase and dNTPs,as well as the optimal ratio of internal to external primers,were determined to be 0.6 U/μL,1.25 mmol/L,and 2:1,respectively.The specific detection of B.cinerea was accomplished at 61℃ for 40 min,achieving a sensitivity of 100 ag/μL,which is 106 times greater than that of conventional PCR detection.When this method was applied to the detection of tomato diseases,the detection limit for B.cinerea spores reached 20 spores/mL.Furthermore,the pathogen was detectable in tomato leaves that had been infected for 4 d,despite the absence of visible phenotypic symptoms of gray mold.[Conclusions]This method is suitable for the early,rapid,sensitive,and visual detection of tomato gray mold,thereby offering technical support for its early diagnosis,prevention,and control.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Biomechanical Mechanism of Tendon Off-position and Joint Subluxation and Manual Treatment for Adolescent Neck Pain(No.82374467)the Research on the Mechanism of Manipulation to Regulate Internalizing Integrin and its Downstream Focal Adhesion Kinase/Ras Homolog Gene Family Member A/Rho-associated Coiled-coil Containing Protein Kinase 1 Signaling Pathway to Repair Chronic Skeletal Muscle Injury(No.82374481)the Mechanism of Huaizhen Nourishing the Liver Capsule to Maintain the Balance of Knee Joint from the Coupling and Interaction of Skeletal Muscle-subchondral Bone Dynamics Rresponse(No.81704103)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To confirm the effectiveness and safety of Shi's manipulation in treating acute and subacute neck pain patients.METHODS:This multicenter,positive controlled,randomized clinical trial has trial and control groups.There were 240 patients randomly assigned to the trial group and the control group,and both groups received their respective intervention treatment methods for a period of 12 weeks.The time windows for clinical data collection were before treatment,immediately after treatment,3-d 1,2,4,8,and 12-week after treatment,and follow-up was conducted at 26 and 52-week after treatment.The observed indicators used include primary outcome index and secondary outcome index,with the primary outcome index being the assessment of neck pain severity,which is evaluated by patients using Numerical Rating Scale(NRS).Secondary secondary outcome index include,(a)cervical dysfunction index,measured by patients using the Neck Disability Index(NDI)for self-assessment;(b)Cervical activity measurement,measured through the cervical range of motion measurement program on Android mobile system;(c)Satisfaction treatment assessment,determined by the patient's self-evaluation;(d)Safety index,recorded the incidence of adverse reactions and adverse event.Results:The results showed that these efficacy indices were improved in different degrees in both groups.At immediate after intervention,there was significant difference in NRS,NDI,Cervical Range of Motion(ROM)between the two groups(P<0.01),the trial group was superior to the control group.At 3-d after intervention,there was significant difference in NRS,NDI,ROM between the two groups(P<0.01).At 1-week and 2-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI and ROM between the two groups(P<0.01).At 4-week and 6-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,ROM between the two groups(P<0.05).At 8-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,lateral-bending and axial-rotation ROM between the two groups(P<0.05).At 12-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI between the two groups(P<0.01).At 26-week and 52-week after intervention,there was significant difference in NDI,NRS between the two groups(P<0.01).In addition,the adverse reaction of trial group is significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction of patients in the trial group was better than that in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Our findings suggest that Shi's manipulation can be a good complementary treatment option in patients with acute and subacute neck pain.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375420,52322510)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(Grant No.YQ2023E014)+6 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3400403)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.GNCWSSJH20240032)Self-Planned Task(Grant No.SKLRS202214B)of State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System(HIT),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022T150163)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.YESS20220463)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing(HIT)(Grant No.2022KM004)Open Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Precision Machining of Difficult-to-Cut Material(Grant No.E22445)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.HIT.OCEF.2022024,FRFCU5710051122)。
文摘Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates precise and efficient grinding techniques to produce components with satisfactory functionality.However,the inherent high hardness and brittleness of SiC ceramics present significant challenges during grinding,leading to severe brittle fracture and tool wear that compromise both surface integrity and production efficiency.Although ductile-regime grinding of SiC ceramics can be achieved by enhancing machine tool accuracy and stiffness while optimizing wheel performance alongside appropriate selection of process parameters,a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying damage evolution during grinding is lacking,and a mature grinding process for SiC ceramics has yet to be developed.To bridge this gap,the sintering technologies,mechanical properties,and microstructures of SiC ceramics were briefly covered.The grinding-induced damage mechanism and low-damage grinding technologies of SiC ceramics were summarized.The fundamental science underlying the ductile deformation and removal mechanisms of brittle solids was emphasized.Additionally,attention was directed towards the critical role of hybrid energy field grinding in minimizing brittle damages and promoting removal efficiency.This review not only elucidates the intrinsic interactions between the work material and abrasives,but also offers valuable insights for optimizing the grinding processes of brittle solids.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YEE0119900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92058211,42204105 and 42121005)+4 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.862201013140)111 project(No.B20048)the International(Regional)Cooperation and Exchange Programs(No.12411530092)the Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi(No.20230703)Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(No.2024 ZC-YYDP-27).
文摘Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for understanding the characteristics of gas hydrate reservoirs, the spatial distribution of natural gas hydrates, and their exploitation potential. Geophysical exploration remains the primary approach for investigating the petrophysical properties of GHBS. However, limitations in resolution make it challenging to accurately characterize complex sediment structures, leading to difficulties in precisely interpreting petrophysical properties. Laboratory-based petrophysical experiments provide highly accurate results for petrophysical properties. Despite their accuracy, these experiments are costly, and difficulties in controlling variables may introduce uncertainties into geophysical exploration models.Advances in imaging and simulation techniques have established digital rock technology as an indispensable tool for enhancing petrophysical experimentation. This technology offers a novel microscopic perspective for elucidating the three-dimensional(3D) spatial distribution and multi-physical responses of GHBS. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of digital rock technology as applied to GHBS, with an emphasis on digital rock reconstruction and simulation of petrophysical properties. First, we summarize two common methods for constructing digital rocks of GHBS: petrophysical experimental methods and numerical reconstruction methods, followed by analyses of their respective advantages and limitations. Next, we delve into numerical simulation methods for evaluating GHBS petrophysical properties, including electrical, elastic, and fluid flow characteristics. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in digital rock reconstruction and petrophysical simulation techniques for GHBS, emphasizing the necessity of multi-scale, multi-component, high-resolution 3D digital rock models to facilitate the precise characterization of complex gas hydrate reservoirs. Future applications of microscopic digital rock technology should be integrated with macroscopic geophysical exploration to enable more comprehensive and precise analyses of GHBS petrophysical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62222511)National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China(No.2023YFF0613000)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province China(No.LR22F050006)STI 2030-Major Projects(No.2021ZD0200401).
文摘With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodologies from the nanometer scale to the sub-nanometer scale.Metasurfaces,owing to their superior light field manipulation capabilities,exhibit significant promise in the domains of displacement measurement and positioning,and are anticipated to be applied in the advanced alignment systems of lithography machines.This paper primarily provides an overview of the contemporary alignment and precise displacement measurement technologies employed in photolithography stages,alongside the operational principles of metasurfaces in the context of precise displacement measurement and alignment.Furthermore,it explores the evolution of metasurface systems capable of achieving nano/sub-nano precision,and identifies the critical issues associated with sub-nanometer measurements using metasurfaces,as well as the principal obstacles encountered in their implementation within photolithography stages.The objective is to provide initial guidance for the advancement of photolithography technology.
基金Project(52202426)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(15205723,15226424)supported by the Research Grants Council(RGC)of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,ChinaProject(KBBY1)supported by the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region。
文摘This study innovatively employs functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS)technology to investigate passengers’brain responses to various external stimuli during high-speed train operations,assessing their impact on passenger comfort.Three stimuli are examined:passing through tunnels,sonic booms at tunnel exits,and two trains meeting within the tunnel.The analysis of environmental variables,including cabin noise,cabin-to-external pressure,and cabin-to-body acceleration,reveals that changes in auditory and pressure levels during the tunnel experience led to an 87%increase in oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO)levels in the temporal lobe(TL).This reflects a brief discomfort that subsides as passengers adapt,with HbO levels nearly returning to pre-tunnel levels upon exit.Among the stimuli,the sonic boom triggered the most significant neural response,with HbO fluctuations increased by 175%.In contrast,the impact of train meetings was minor,yielding an average HbO increase of only 14.21%.Connectivity analysis further shows significant enhancements in brain functional connectivity during tunnel entrance and sonic boom scenarios,with increases of 52%and 80%,respectively.Our findings contribute to passenger comfort assessment by establishing objective neurophysiological measures that quantify previously subjective experiences.The application of fNIRS in this dynamic environment creates new possibilities for evidence-based comfort optimization in railway design.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development of China(No.2018YFA0702804).
文摘Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength with EP is suboptimal,resulting in aggregation within the EP matrix and a subsequent deterioration in the mechanical performance of u-ION/EP nanocomposites.In this comprehensive review,we explored advanced chemical modification techniques tailored for IONs incorporated into EP,providing a detailed examination of the mechanical characteristics of surface cm-ION/EP nanocomposites.This review investigates various chemical modification methods and their distinct impacts on the mechanical attributes of the resulting EP nanocomposites.Special emphasis is given to addressing the persistent challenges of inadequate interfacial strength and aggregation.Furthermore,this article examines prospective surface modification approaches for inorganic oxide nanoparticles,offering a visionary outlook on methods to improve the mechanical performance of EP in future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12174125)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2024A1515010522 and 2021A1515011874).
文摘The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.
基金supported and funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101079)the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2023836)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(SQ2023YFC2400025).
文摘As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a distributed approach enabling collaborative data processing without sharing raw data,offers promising solutions to challenges in multi-center medical data sharing.This review summarizes the progress of federated learning in multi-center medical data processing,analyzed from four perspectives:system architectures,data distribution strategies,clinical tasks,and algorithmic models.At the same time,this paper explores the challenges in practical applications,such as data heterogeneity,communication overhead,and privacy concerns.It proposes driving future research development by optimizing algorithms,strengthening privacy protection mechanisms,and enhancing computational efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.NSFC 82273405,and 81972306)supported partly by the Guangxi Nature Sciences grants(Grant No.2018GXNSFAA138028)the Guangxi Medical University Training Program for Distinguished Young Scholars.
文摘Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigating the probable risk factors and establishing comprehensive models for formulating clinical strategies.Methods:Overall,16,158 patients with HCC from 8 hospitals were screened,among whom 3,125 patients who underwent R0 resection were included,and divided into development(n=2,113)and validation(n=1,012)cohorts.A comprehensive study of HPR predictive models and biological features was conducted.Results:Among the 3,125 enrolled patients,506(16.19%)developed HPR.The influence of HPR on extremely poor prognosis was reflected by recurrence features,adverse effects on systemic and liver function,and limited therapeutic options.Nine variables closely associated with HPR were identified,and incorporated into nomogram and conditional inference tree models,which successfully achieved pre-and post-operative HPR risk stratification and facilitated clinical decision-making.Multi-dimensional verification also confirmed the predictive accuracy of model combinations and their reliability in clinical applications.Furthermore,biological analyses revealed that HCCs with HPR exhibited hyperactive biological processes,inactive metabolism,and immune exhaustion features,together with high MYCN/HMGA2 co-expression,thereby enhancing understanding of the molecular events leading to HPR and providing valuable knowledge for HPR management.Conclusions:HPR after hepatectomy is associated with extremely poor prognosis and requires substantial attention.We constructed comprehensive predictive models and propose a clinical strategy for guiding HPR prevention and management.
基金partly supported by the Yan’an University Qin Chuanyuan“Scientist+Engineer”Team Special Fund,No.2023KXJ-012(to YL)Yan’an University Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Fund,No.2023CGZH-001(to YL)+2 种基金College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,Nos.D2023158,202410719056(to XS,JM)Yan’an University Production and Cultivation Project,No.CXY202001(to YL)Kweichow Moutai Hospital Research and Talent Development Fund Project,No.MTyk2022-25(to XO)。
文摘The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of these diseases.This paper comprehensively reviews the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic neurodegenerative diseases,aiming to uncover the potential use of targeted mitochondrial interventions as viable therapeutic options.We detail five targeted mitochondrial intervention strategies for chronic neurodegenerative diseases that act by promoting mitophagy,inhibiting mitochondrial fission,enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis,applying mitochondria-targeting antioxidants,and transplanting mitochondria.Each method has unique advantages and potential limitations,making them suitable for various therapeutic situations.Therapies that promote mitophagy or inhibit mitochondrial fission could be particularly effective in slowing disease progression,especially in the early stages.In contrast,those that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and apply mitochondria-targeting antioxidants may offer great benefits during the middle stages of the disease by improving cellular antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism.Mitochondrial transplantation,while still experimental,holds great promise for restoring the function of damaged cells.Future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms and effects of these intervention strategies,particularly regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.Additionally,the development of innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches,such as gene editing and nanotechnology,may provide new solutions for treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases.Implementing combined therapeutic strategies that integrate multiple intervention methods could also enhance treatment outcomes.
基金Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation(23JCYBJC00040)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52175369)。
文摘The TiB+TiC dual-reinforced B_(4)C/TC4 composite was in-situ fabricated via incorporating 0.5wt%B_(4)C reinforcement during the laser melting deposition process.Different heat treatments of annealing and solid solution were used to regulate the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion properties of B_(4)C/TC4 composite.Results show that with the increase in temperature from 500℃to 800°C,partial lamellarα-Ti in the as-deposited sample is gradually transformed into equiaxedα-Ti,accompanied by the disappearance of basketweave microstructure.At 1100°C,a small portion of TiC phase suffers fusion.This composite exhibits the optimal combination of strength and plasticity after annealing at 500℃for 4 h followed by furnace cooling,which is attributed to the stress release effect and the refined basketweave microstructure.However,this composite shows a decline in corrosion resistance after various heat treatments due to grain coarsening and micro-galvanic corrosion.
文摘Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(4,4'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid),phen(1,10-phenanthroline),bpb(1,4-bis(pyrid-4-yl)benzene),bpa(bis(4-pyridyl)amine),and copper,nickel and cadmium chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three complexes crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n,tetragonal I42d,and orthorhombic P21212 space groups.The complexes exhibit molecular dimers(1)or 2D metal-organic networks(2 and 3).The catalytic performances in the Knoevenagel reaction of these complexes were investigated.Complex 1 exhibits an effective catalytic activity and excellent reusability as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel reaction at room temperature.CCDC:2463800,1;2463801,2;2463802,3.
基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2023B0909020004)Project of Innovation Research Team in Zhongshan(CXTD2023006)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023A1515011573)Zhongshan Social Welfare Science and Technology Research Project(2024B2022)。
文摘Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely used in fields such as injection molding,die casting,and stamping dies.Adding reinforcing particles into steel is an effective means to improve its performance.Nb/18Ni300 composites were fabricated by LPBF using two kinds of Nb powders with different particle sizes,and their microstructures and properties were studied.The results show that the unmelted Nb particles are uniformly distributed in the 18Ni300 matrix and the grains are refined,which is particularly pronounced with fine Nb particles.In addition,element diffusion occurs between the particles and the matrix.The main phases of the base alloy are α-Fe and a small amount of γ-Fe.With the addition of Nb,part of the α-Fe is transformed into γ-Fe,and unmelted Nb phases appear.The addition of Nb also enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the composites but slightly reduces their tensile properties.After aging treatment,the molten pools and grain boundaries become blurred,grains are further refined,and the interfaces around the particles are thinned.The aging treatment also promotes the formation of reverted austenite.The hardness,ultimate tensile strength,and volumetric wear rate of the base alloy reach 51.9 HRC,1704 MPa,and 17.8×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m),respectively.In contrast,the sample added with fine Nb particles has the highest hardness(56.1 HRC),ultimate tensile strength(1892 MPa)and yield strength(1842 MPa),and the volume wear rate of the sample added with coarse Nb particles is reduced by 90%to 1.7×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m).
文摘[Objectives]To provide a reference for the efficient use of wild Paeonia suffruticosa germplasm resources and the scientific selection of parents.[Methods]This study systematically evaluated cross-compatibility by conducting interspecific crosses among the major wild species subsect.Delavayanae(Paeonia delavayi,Paeonia lutea,Paeonia potaninii,and Paeonia ludlowii)as well as reciprocal crosses between these species and cultivated varieties from the subsect.Vaginatae.[Results]Crosses among P.delavayi,P.lutea,and P.potaninii generally exhibited good seed set,with the resulting seeds showing a high emergence rate.In contrast,crosses involving P.ludlowii as a parent produced only a limited number of seeds,none of which germinated.In crosses with cultivated varieties where the wild species served as the maternal parent,the average seed set ranked as follows:P.lutea>P.delavayi>P.ludlowii>P.potaninii.When wild species were used as paternal parent,the average seed set ranked as follows:P.potaninii>P.lutea>P.delavayi>P.ludlowii.On the whole,most crosses between wild species of subsect.Delavayanae and cultivated varieties achieved normal seed set,demonstrating a certain degree of cross-compatibility.However,when the wild species served as the maternal parent,both the seed set and seedling emergence rate were superior to those in the reciprocal crosses(with wild species as the paternal parent).[Conclusions]Significant differences in cross-compatibility were observed among species within Paeonia subsect.Delavayanae.In addition,a significant maternal effect was identified in crosses between wild species of this subsection and cultivated varieties.These findings suggest that by selecting highly compatible combinations,there remains considerable potential for utilizing these wild species in peony breeding.
