The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are...The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are required in the process of plant supplementing light,arrow-band emitting phosphors are applied to backlight displays,etc.In this work,a Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor was obtained in a symmetrical and co mpact crystal structure of Gd3Sb07(GSO).Then,the co-doping strategy of alkali metal ions(Li^(+),Na^(+),and K^(+))was used to optimize the performance.The result shows that the photoluminescence intensity is increased by 2.1 times and 1.3 times respectively by introducing Li~+and K^(+)ions.Not only that,it also achieves narrow-band emitting with the full width of half-maximum(FWHM)reaching 42 nm through Na^(+)doping,and its excitation peak position also shifts from 322 to 375 nm,which can be well excited by near-ultraviolet(NUV)light emitting diode(LED)chips(365 nm).Meanwhile,the electroluminescence spectrum of GSO:0.6 mol%Bi^(3+),3 wt%Na^(+)matches up to 93.39%of the blue part of the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a.In summary,the Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor reported in this work can synchronously meet the requirements of plant light replenishment and field emission displays.展开更多
In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless...In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless access,establish intelligent connection for wide area objects,and provide intelligent services.Due to issues such as massive access,doppler shift,and limited spectrum resources in NTN,research on resource management is crucial for optimizing NTN performance.In this paper,a comprehensive survey of multi-pattern heterogeneous NTN resource management is provided.Firstly,the key technologies involved in NTN resource management is summarized.Secondly,NTN resource management is discussed from network pattern and resource pattern.The network pattern focuses on the application of different optimization methods to different network dimension communication resource management,and the resource type pattern focuses on the research and application of multi-domain resource management such as computation,cache,communication and sensing.Finally,future research directions and challenges of 6G NTN resource management are discussed.展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns...Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns about grid stability.Accurate PV power prediction has been demonstrated as crucial for power system operation and scheduling,enabling power slope control,fluctuation mitigation,grid stability enhancement,and reliable data support for secure grid operation.However,existing prediction models primarily target centralized PV plants,largely neglecting the spatiotemporal coupling dynamics and output uncertainties inherent to distributed PV systems.This study proposes a novel Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network(STGNN)architecture for distributed PV power generation prediction,designed to enhance distributed photovoltaic(PV)power generation forecasting accuracy and support regional grid scheduling.This approach models each PV power plant as a node in an undirected graph,with edges representing correlations between plants to capture spatial dependencies.The model comprises multiple Sparse Attention-based Adaptive Spatio-Temporal(SAAST)blocks.The SAAST blocks include sparse temporal attention,sparse spatial attention,an adaptive Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),and a temporal convolution network(TCN).These components eliminate weak temporal and spatial correlations,better represent dynamic spatial dependencies,and further enhance prediction accuracy.Finally,multi-dimensional comparative experiments between the STGNN and other models on the DKASC PV dataset demonstrate its superior performance in terms of accuracy and goodness-of-fit for distributed PV power generation prediction.展开更多
The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of...The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of standard samples for mechanical testing.This paper compared the tensile strengths obtained from Brazilian splitting tests on standard samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)and micro-tensile samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)of two types of granites.A power-law size effect model was established between the two sets of data,validating the reliability of the testing method.Then,miniature Brazilian splitting under real-time high-temperature,combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed temperature-dependent strength variations and microstructural damage mechanisms.The results show that:(1)The comparison error between the tensile strength obtained by the fitting model and that of the measured standard samples was less than 6%.(2)In real-time high-temperature conditions,tensile strength of granite exhibited non-monotonic behavior,increasing below 300°C before decreasing,with sharp declines at 400–500°C and 600–700°C.(3)Thermal damage stems from the differences in the high-temperature behavior of minerals,including dehydration,phase transformation,and differential expansion.展开更多
Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates ...Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates precise and efficient grinding techniques to produce components with satisfactory functionality.However,the inherent high hardness and brittleness of SiC ceramics present significant challenges during grinding,leading to severe brittle fracture and tool wear that compromise both surface integrity and production efficiency.Although ductile-regime grinding of SiC ceramics can be achieved by enhancing machine tool accuracy and stiffness while optimizing wheel performance alongside appropriate selection of process parameters,a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying damage evolution during grinding is lacking,and a mature grinding process for SiC ceramics has yet to be developed.To bridge this gap,the sintering technologies,mechanical properties,and microstructures of SiC ceramics were briefly covered.The grinding-induced damage mechanism and low-damage grinding technologies of SiC ceramics were summarized.The fundamental science underlying the ductile deformation and removal mechanisms of brittle solids was emphasized.Additionally,attention was directed towards the critical role of hybrid energy field grinding in minimizing brittle damages and promoting removal efficiency.This review not only elucidates the intrinsic interactions between the work material and abrasives,but also offers valuable insights for optimizing the grinding processes of brittle solids.展开更多
Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for unde...Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for understanding the characteristics of gas hydrate reservoirs, the spatial distribution of natural gas hydrates, and their exploitation potential. Geophysical exploration remains the primary approach for investigating the petrophysical properties of GHBS. However, limitations in resolution make it challenging to accurately characterize complex sediment structures, leading to difficulties in precisely interpreting petrophysical properties. Laboratory-based petrophysical experiments provide highly accurate results for petrophysical properties. Despite their accuracy, these experiments are costly, and difficulties in controlling variables may introduce uncertainties into geophysical exploration models.Advances in imaging and simulation techniques have established digital rock technology as an indispensable tool for enhancing petrophysical experimentation. This technology offers a novel microscopic perspective for elucidating the three-dimensional(3D) spatial distribution and multi-physical responses of GHBS. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of digital rock technology as applied to GHBS, with an emphasis on digital rock reconstruction and simulation of petrophysical properties. First, we summarize two common methods for constructing digital rocks of GHBS: petrophysical experimental methods and numerical reconstruction methods, followed by analyses of their respective advantages and limitations. Next, we delve into numerical simulation methods for evaluating GHBS petrophysical properties, including electrical, elastic, and fluid flow characteristics. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in digital rock reconstruction and petrophysical simulation techniques for GHBS, emphasizing the necessity of multi-scale, multi-component, high-resolution 3D digital rock models to facilitate the precise characterization of complex gas hydrate reservoirs. Future applications of microscopic digital rock technology should be integrated with macroscopic geophysical exploration to enable more comprehensive and precise analyses of GHBS petrophysical properties.展开更多
With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodo...With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodologies from the nanometer scale to the sub-nanometer scale.Metasurfaces,owing to their superior light field manipulation capabilities,exhibit significant promise in the domains of displacement measurement and positioning,and are anticipated to be applied in the advanced alignment systems of lithography machines.This paper primarily provides an overview of the contemporary alignment and precise displacement measurement technologies employed in photolithography stages,alongside the operational principles of metasurfaces in the context of precise displacement measurement and alignment.Furthermore,it explores the evolution of metasurface systems capable of achieving nano/sub-nano precision,and identifies the critical issues associated with sub-nanometer measurements using metasurfaces,as well as the principal obstacles encountered in their implementation within photolithography stages.The objective is to provide initial guidance for the advancement of photolithography technology.展开更多
Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength...Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength with EP is suboptimal,resulting in aggregation within the EP matrix and a subsequent deterioration in the mechanical performance of u-ION/EP nanocomposites.In this comprehensive review,we explored advanced chemical modification techniques tailored for IONs incorporated into EP,providing a detailed examination of the mechanical characteristics of surface cm-ION/EP nanocomposites.This review investigates various chemical modification methods and their distinct impacts on the mechanical attributes of the resulting EP nanocomposites.Special emphasis is given to addressing the persistent challenges of inadequate interfacial strength and aggregation.Furthermore,this article examines prospective surface modification approaches for inorganic oxide nanoparticles,offering a visionary outlook on methods to improve the mechanical performance of EP in future.展开更多
The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment....The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.展开更多
As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a ...As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a distributed approach enabling collaborative data processing without sharing raw data,offers promising solutions to challenges in multi-center medical data sharing.This review summarizes the progress of federated learning in multi-center medical data processing,analyzed from four perspectives:system architectures,data distribution strategies,clinical tasks,and algorithmic models.At the same time,this paper explores the challenges in practical applications,such as data heterogeneity,communication overhead,and privacy concerns.It proposes driving future research development by optimizing algorithms,strengthening privacy protection mechanisms,and enhancing computational efficiency.展开更多
Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigati...Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigating the probable risk factors and establishing comprehensive models for formulating clinical strategies.Methods:Overall,16,158 patients with HCC from 8 hospitals were screened,among whom 3,125 patients who underwent R0 resection were included,and divided into development(n=2,113)and validation(n=1,012)cohorts.A comprehensive study of HPR predictive models and biological features was conducted.Results:Among the 3,125 enrolled patients,506(16.19%)developed HPR.The influence of HPR on extremely poor prognosis was reflected by recurrence features,adverse effects on systemic and liver function,and limited therapeutic options.Nine variables closely associated with HPR were identified,and incorporated into nomogram and conditional inference tree models,which successfully achieved pre-and post-operative HPR risk stratification and facilitated clinical decision-making.Multi-dimensional verification also confirmed the predictive accuracy of model combinations and their reliability in clinical applications.Furthermore,biological analyses revealed that HCCs with HPR exhibited hyperactive biological processes,inactive metabolism,and immune exhaustion features,together with high MYCN/HMGA2 co-expression,thereby enhancing understanding of the molecular events leading to HPR and providing valuable knowledge for HPR management.Conclusions:HPR after hepatectomy is associated with extremely poor prognosis and requires substantial attention.We constructed comprehensive predictive models and propose a clinical strategy for guiding HPR prevention and management.展开更多
The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of th...The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of these diseases.This paper comprehensively reviews the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic neurodegenerative diseases,aiming to uncover the potential use of targeted mitochondrial interventions as viable therapeutic options.We detail five targeted mitochondrial intervention strategies for chronic neurodegenerative diseases that act by promoting mitophagy,inhibiting mitochondrial fission,enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis,applying mitochondria-targeting antioxidants,and transplanting mitochondria.Each method has unique advantages and potential limitations,making them suitable for various therapeutic situations.Therapies that promote mitophagy or inhibit mitochondrial fission could be particularly effective in slowing disease progression,especially in the early stages.In contrast,those that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and apply mitochondria-targeting antioxidants may offer great benefits during the middle stages of the disease by improving cellular antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism.Mitochondrial transplantation,while still experimental,holds great promise for restoring the function of damaged cells.Future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms and effects of these intervention strategies,particularly regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.Additionally,the development of innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches,such as gene editing and nanotechnology,may provide new solutions for treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases.Implementing combined therapeutic strategies that integrate multiple intervention methods could also enhance treatment outcomes.展开更多
Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(...Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(4,4'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid),phen(1,10-phenanthroline),bpb(1,4-bis(pyrid-4-yl)benzene),bpa(bis(4-pyridyl)amine),and copper,nickel and cadmium chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three complexes crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n,tetragonal I42d,and orthorhombic P21212 space groups.The complexes exhibit molecular dimers(1)or 2D metal-organic networks(2 and 3).The catalytic performances in the Knoevenagel reaction of these complexes were investigated.Complex 1 exhibits an effective catalytic activity and excellent reusability as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel reaction at room temperature.CCDC:2463800,1;2463801,2;2463802,3.展开更多
Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely us...Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely used in fields such as injection molding,die casting,and stamping dies.Adding reinforcing particles into steel is an effective means to improve its performance.Nb/18Ni300 composites were fabricated by LPBF using two kinds of Nb powders with different particle sizes,and their microstructures and properties were studied.The results show that the unmelted Nb particles are uniformly distributed in the 18Ni300 matrix and the grains are refined,which is particularly pronounced with fine Nb particles.In addition,element diffusion occurs between the particles and the matrix.The main phases of the base alloy are α-Fe and a small amount of γ-Fe.With the addition of Nb,part of the α-Fe is transformed into γ-Fe,and unmelted Nb phases appear.The addition of Nb also enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the composites but slightly reduces their tensile properties.After aging treatment,the molten pools and grain boundaries become blurred,grains are further refined,and the interfaces around the particles are thinned.The aging treatment also promotes the formation of reverted austenite.The hardness,ultimate tensile strength,and volumetric wear rate of the base alloy reach 51.9 HRC,1704 MPa,and 17.8×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m),respectively.In contrast,the sample added with fine Nb particles has the highest hardness(56.1 HRC),ultimate tensile strength(1892 MPa)and yield strength(1842 MPa),and the volume wear rate of the sample added with coarse Nb particles is reduced by 90%to 1.7×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m).展开更多
The development of materials with excellent microwave absorption(MWA)and electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performances has currently received attention.Herein,mesophase pitch-based carbon foam(MPCF)with 3D i...The development of materials with excellent microwave absorption(MWA)and electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performances has currently received attention.Herein,mesophase pitch-based carbon foam(MPCF)with 3D interconnected pore structure was prepared through the high pressure pyrolysis of mesophase coal tar pitch.It is found that the 3D interconnected cellular pores of MPCF facilitate multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves,which results in the minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of MPCF reaches-37.84 dB with the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.44 GHz at a thickness of 2.70 mm,and the total average electromagnetic shielding effectiveness(SE_(T))under 3.00 mm thickness achieves 26.52 dB in X-band.Subsequently,MPCF is activated by KOH to obtain activated carbon foam(A-MPCF).The average SE_(T)of A-MPCF achieves 103.00 dB for abundant nanopores on the pore cell walls,which leads to a transition from the multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves on the walls to diffuse reflection.Unfortunately,the reflection coefficient(R)of A-MPCF increases from 0.78 to 0.90.To reduce the R value,Fe_(3)O_(4)/A-MPCF was fabricated via the in situ growth of nano Fe_(3)O_(4)on A-MPCF.Consequently,the R value of Fe_(3)O_(4)/A-MPCF was reduced from 0.90 to 0.74,whereas the MWA performance was only slightly decreased.This work proposes a simple strategy for simultaneously adjusting MWA and EMI shielding performances of materials.展开更多
Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diver...Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diverse sensitivities of surface fluxes.This study utilizes data from the Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project to investigate how ocean salinity responds to perturbations of surface fluxes.The findings indicate the emergence of a sea surface salinity(SSS)dipole pattern predominantly in the North Atlantic and Pacific fresh pools,driven by surface flux perturbations.This results in an intensification of the“salty gets saltier and fresh gets fresher”SSS pattern across the global ocean.The spatial pattern amplification(PA)of SSS under global warming is estimated to be approximately 11.5%,with surface water flux perturbations being the most significant contributor to salinity PA,accounting for 8.1% of the change after 70 years in experiments since pre-industrial control(piControl).Notably,the zonal-depth distribution of salinity in the upper ocean exhibits lighter seawater above the denser water,with bowed isopycnals in the upper 400 m.This stable stratification inhibits vertical mixing of salinity and temperature.In response to the flux perturbations,there is a strong positive feedback due to consequent freshening.It is hypothesized that under global warming,an SSS amplification of 7.2%/℃ and a mixed-layer depth amplification of 12.5%/℃ will occur in the global ocean.It suggests that the salinity effect can exert a more stable ocean to hinder the downward transfer of heat,which provides positive feedback to future global warming.展开更多
Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have rev...Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have revealed that gut microbiota can communicate bidirectionally with the brain through the gut microbiota–brain axis.This axis indicates that gut microbiota is closely related to the development and prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and its associated secondary white matter injury.The NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome plays a crucial role in this context.This review summarizes the dysbiosis of gut microbiota following intracerebral hemorrhage and explores the mechanisms by which this imbalance may promote the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.These mechanisms include metabolic pathways(involving short-chain fatty acids,lipopolysaccharides,lactic acid,bile acids,trimethylamine-N-oxide,and tryptophan),neural pathways(such as the vagus nerve and sympathetic nerve),and immune pathways(involving microglia and T cells).We then discuss the relationship between the activated NLRP3 inflammasome and secondary white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can exacerbate secondary white matter injury by disrupting the blood–brain barrier,inducing neuroinflammation,and interfering with nerve regeneration.Finally,we outline potential treatment strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage and its secondary white matter injury.Our review highlights the critical role of the gut microbiota–brain axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome in white matter injury following intracerebral hemorrhage,paving the way for exploring potential therapeutic approaches.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological prop...Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
The development of continuous casting technology of electrical steel was analyzed. The technologies and products characteristics of conventional continuous casting, thin slab continuous casting and rolling, middle thi...The development of continuous casting technology of electrical steel was analyzed. The technologies and products characteristics of conventional continuous casting, thin slab continuous casting and rolling, middle thin slab continuous casting and rolling and twin-roll thin strip were compared. Conventional continuous casting technology was widely adopted in producing electrical steel, thin slab continuous casting and rolling and middle thin slab contin- uous casting and roiling technology industrialized electrical steel~ and study of twin-roll thin strip casting technology was focused on fundamental experiments.展开更多
In order to overcome the pollution of the tratitional nozzle sand into the molten steel in tundish,a new method is proposed in this paper.In this method,the nozzle sand is substituted with iron-carbon alloy particles ...In order to overcome the pollution of the tratitional nozzle sand into the molten steel in tundish,a new method is proposed in this paper.In this method,the nozzle sand is substituted with iron-carbon alloy particles which have the same or similar compositions as the liquid steel.During casting processes,iron-carbon alloy forms solidification shell and the sintered layer in the upper nozzle to block the molten steel.When the slide gate is opened,the eletromagnetic induction heating is used to melt them so as to achieve 100%smoothly steel teeming.The electromagnetic induction heating effects were analyzed theoretically in the new slide gate system.Then the new method has been experimentally tested by using self-designed experimental device.The results show that the electromagnetic induction heating can complete the steel teeming within the required time.Furthermore,this steel-teeming technology can further improve the cleanliness of liquid steel.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Key R&D Projects in Hunan Province(2021SK2047,2022NK2044)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022WZ1022)Superior Youth Project of the Science Research Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(22B0211)。
文摘The technology of solid-state lighting has developed for decades in various industries.Phosphor,as an element part,determines the application domain of lighting products.For instance,blue and redemitting phosphors are required in the process of plant supplementing light,arrow-band emitting phosphors are applied to backlight displays,etc.In this work,a Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor was obtained in a symmetrical and co mpact crystal structure of Gd3Sb07(GSO).Then,the co-doping strategy of alkali metal ions(Li^(+),Na^(+),and K^(+))was used to optimize the performance.The result shows that the photoluminescence intensity is increased by 2.1 times and 1.3 times respectively by introducing Li~+and K^(+)ions.Not only that,it also achieves narrow-band emitting with the full width of half-maximum(FWHM)reaching 42 nm through Na^(+)doping,and its excitation peak position also shifts from 322 to 375 nm,which can be well excited by near-ultraviolet(NUV)light emitting diode(LED)chips(365 nm).Meanwhile,the electroluminescence spectrum of GSO:0.6 mol%Bi^(3+),3 wt%Na^(+)matches up to 93.39%of the blue part of the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a.In summary,the Bi^(3+)-activated blue phosphor reported in this work can synchronously meet the requirements of plant light replenishment and field emission displays.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62225103,U22B2003,U2441227,and U24A20211the Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant L241008+3 种基金the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program JCKY2022110C010the National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Foundation under Grant IFN20230201the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant FRFTP-22-002C2the Xiaomi Fund of Young Scholar。
文摘In the sixth generation mobile communication(6G) system,Non-Terrestrial Networks(NTN),as a supplement to terrestrial network,can meet the requirements of wide area intelligent connection and global ubiquitous seamless access,establish intelligent connection for wide area objects,and provide intelligent services.Due to issues such as massive access,doppler shift,and limited spectrum resources in NTN,research on resource management is crucial for optimizing NTN performance.In this paper,a comprehensive survey of multi-pattern heterogeneous NTN resource management is provided.Firstly,the key technologies involved in NTN resource management is summarized.Secondly,NTN resource management is discussed from network pattern and resource pattern.The network pattern focuses on the application of different optimization methods to different network dimension communication resource management,and the resource type pattern focuses on the research and application of multi-domain resource management such as computation,cache,communication and sensing.Finally,future research directions and challenges of 6G NTN resource management are discussed.
基金supported by the State Grid Corporation of China Headquarters Science and Technology Project“Research on Key Technologies for Power System Source-Load Forecasting and Regulation Capacity Assessment Oriented towards Major Weather Processes”(4000-202355381A-2-3-XG).
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)power generation is undergoing significant growth and serves as a key driver of the global energy transition.However,its intermittent nature,which fluctuates with weather conditions,has raised concerns about grid stability.Accurate PV power prediction has been demonstrated as crucial for power system operation and scheduling,enabling power slope control,fluctuation mitigation,grid stability enhancement,and reliable data support for secure grid operation.However,existing prediction models primarily target centralized PV plants,largely neglecting the spatiotemporal coupling dynamics and output uncertainties inherent to distributed PV systems.This study proposes a novel Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network(STGNN)architecture for distributed PV power generation prediction,designed to enhance distributed photovoltaic(PV)power generation forecasting accuracy and support regional grid scheduling.This approach models each PV power plant as a node in an undirected graph,with edges representing correlations between plants to capture spatial dependencies.The model comprises multiple Sparse Attention-based Adaptive Spatio-Temporal(SAAST)blocks.The SAAST blocks include sparse temporal attention,sparse spatial attention,an adaptive Graph Convolutional Network(GCN),and a temporal convolution network(TCN).These components eliminate weak temporal and spatial correlations,better represent dynamic spatial dependencies,and further enhance prediction accuracy.Finally,multi-dimensional comparative experiments between the STGNN and other models on the DKASC PV dataset demonstrate its superior performance in terms of accuracy and goodness-of-fit for distributed PV power generation prediction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174175 and 52274078)the Program for the Scientific and Technological Innovation Team in Universities of Henan Province(No.23IRTSTHN005)。
文摘The tensile strength of rocks under real-time high-temperatures is essential for enhanced geothermal system development.However,the complex occurrence and deep burial of hot dry rocks limit the quantity and quality of standard samples for mechanical testing.This paper compared the tensile strengths obtained from Brazilian splitting tests on standard samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)and micro-tensile samples(with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm)of two types of granites.A power-law size effect model was established between the two sets of data,validating the reliability of the testing method.Then,miniature Brazilian splitting under real-time high-temperature,combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)revealed temperature-dependent strength variations and microstructural damage mechanisms.The results show that:(1)The comparison error between the tensile strength obtained by the fitting model and that of the measured standard samples was less than 6%.(2)In real-time high-temperature conditions,tensile strength of granite exhibited non-monotonic behavior,increasing below 300°C before decreasing,with sharp declines at 400–500°C and 600–700°C.(3)Thermal damage stems from the differences in the high-temperature behavior of minerals,including dehydration,phase transformation,and differential expansion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375420,52322510)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(Grant No.YQ2023E014)+6 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFB3400403)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.GNCWSSJH20240032)Self-Planned Task(Grant No.SKLRS202214B)of State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System(HIT),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022T150163)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.YESS20220463)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing(HIT)(Grant No.2022KM004)Open Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Precision Machining of Difficult-to-Cut Material(Grant No.E22445)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.HIT.OCEF.2022024,FRFCU5710051122)。
文摘Silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics are extensively utilized in aerospace,national defense,and petrochemical industries due to their superior physical and chemical properties.The processing of bulk SiC ceramics necessitates precise and efficient grinding techniques to produce components with satisfactory functionality.However,the inherent high hardness and brittleness of SiC ceramics present significant challenges during grinding,leading to severe brittle fracture and tool wear that compromise both surface integrity and production efficiency.Although ductile-regime grinding of SiC ceramics can be achieved by enhancing machine tool accuracy and stiffness while optimizing wheel performance alongside appropriate selection of process parameters,a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms underlying damage evolution during grinding is lacking,and a mature grinding process for SiC ceramics has yet to be developed.To bridge this gap,the sintering technologies,mechanical properties,and microstructures of SiC ceramics were briefly covered.The grinding-induced damage mechanism and low-damage grinding technologies of SiC ceramics were summarized.The fundamental science underlying the ductile deformation and removal mechanisms of brittle solids was emphasized.Additionally,attention was directed towards the critical role of hybrid energy field grinding in minimizing brittle damages and promoting removal efficiency.This review not only elucidates the intrinsic interactions between the work material and abrasives,but also offers valuable insights for optimizing the grinding processes of brittle solids.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YEE0119900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92058211,42204105 and 42121005)+4 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.862201013140)111 project(No.B20048)the International(Regional)Cooperation and Exchange Programs(No.12411530092)the Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi(No.20230703)Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(No.2024 ZC-YYDP-27).
文摘Natural gas hydrates are crystalline solid complexes with different morphologies found in marine sediments and permafrost zones. The petrophysical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments(GHBS) are crucial for understanding the characteristics of gas hydrate reservoirs, the spatial distribution of natural gas hydrates, and their exploitation potential. Geophysical exploration remains the primary approach for investigating the petrophysical properties of GHBS. However, limitations in resolution make it challenging to accurately characterize complex sediment structures, leading to difficulties in precisely interpreting petrophysical properties. Laboratory-based petrophysical experiments provide highly accurate results for petrophysical properties. Despite their accuracy, these experiments are costly, and difficulties in controlling variables may introduce uncertainties into geophysical exploration models.Advances in imaging and simulation techniques have established digital rock technology as an indispensable tool for enhancing petrophysical experimentation. This technology offers a novel microscopic perspective for elucidating the three-dimensional(3D) spatial distribution and multi-physical responses of GHBS. This paper presents an in-depth discussion of digital rock technology as applied to GHBS, with an emphasis on digital rock reconstruction and simulation of petrophysical properties. First, we summarize two common methods for constructing digital rocks of GHBS: petrophysical experimental methods and numerical reconstruction methods, followed by analyses of their respective advantages and limitations. Next, we delve into numerical simulation methods for evaluating GHBS petrophysical properties, including electrical, elastic, and fluid flow characteristics. Finally, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current trends in digital rock reconstruction and petrophysical simulation techniques for GHBS, emphasizing the necessity of multi-scale, multi-component, high-resolution 3D digital rock models to facilitate the precise characterization of complex gas hydrate reservoirs. Future applications of microscopic digital rock technology should be integrated with macroscopic geophysical exploration to enable more comprehensive and precise analyses of GHBS petrophysical properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62222511)National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China(No.2023YFF0613000)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province China(No.LR22F050006)STI 2030-Major Projects(No.2021ZD0200401).
文摘With the progression of photolithography processes,the present technology nodes have attained 3 nm and even 2 nm,necessitating a transition in the precision standards for displacement measurement and alignment methodologies from the nanometer scale to the sub-nanometer scale.Metasurfaces,owing to their superior light field manipulation capabilities,exhibit significant promise in the domains of displacement measurement and positioning,and are anticipated to be applied in the advanced alignment systems of lithography machines.This paper primarily provides an overview of the contemporary alignment and precise displacement measurement technologies employed in photolithography stages,alongside the operational principles of metasurfaces in the context of precise displacement measurement and alignment.Furthermore,it explores the evolution of metasurface systems capable of achieving nano/sub-nano precision,and identifies the critical issues associated with sub-nanometer measurements using metasurfaces,as well as the principal obstacles encountered in their implementation within photolithography stages.The objective is to provide initial guidance for the advancement of photolithography technology.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development of China(No.2018YFA0702804).
文摘Over the past several decades,the integration of IONs into EP emerged as an effective method for enhancing its mechanical properties.Nevertheless,challenges remain,especially with u-IONs,where the interfacial strength with EP is suboptimal,resulting in aggregation within the EP matrix and a subsequent deterioration in the mechanical performance of u-ION/EP nanocomposites.In this comprehensive review,we explored advanced chemical modification techniques tailored for IONs incorporated into EP,providing a detailed examination of the mechanical characteristics of surface cm-ION/EP nanocomposites.This review investigates various chemical modification methods and their distinct impacts on the mechanical attributes of the resulting EP nanocomposites.Special emphasis is given to addressing the persistent challenges of inadequate interfacial strength and aggregation.Furthermore,this article examines prospective surface modification approaches for inorganic oxide nanoparticles,offering a visionary outlook on methods to improve the mechanical performance of EP in future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12174125)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2024A1515010522 and 2021A1515011874).
文摘The temperature of an organism provides key insights into its physiological and pathological status.Temperature monitoring can effectively assess potential health issues and plays a critical role in thermal treatment.Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)has enabled multi-scale imaging,from cells to tissues and organs,where its high contrast,deep penetration,and high resolution make it an emerging tool in biomedical imaging field.Benefiting from the linear correlation between the Grüneisen parameter and temperature within the range of 10–55∘C,the PAI has been developed as novel noninvasive label-free tool for temperature monitoring especially for thermotherapy mediated by laser,ultrasound,and microwave.Additionally,by utilizing temperature-responsive photoacoustic nanoprobes,the temperature information of the targeted organism can also be extracted with enhanced imaging contrast and specificity.This review elucidates the basic principles of temperature monitoring technology implemented by PAI,further highlighting the limitations of traditional photoacoustic thermometry,and summarizes recent technological advancements in analog simulation,calibration method,measurement accuracy,nanoprobe design,and wearable improvement.Furthermore,we discuss the biomedical applications of PA temperature monitoring technology in photothermal therapy and ultrasound therapy,finally,anticipating future developments in the field.
基金supported and funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101079)the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2023836)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(SQ2023YFC2400025).
文摘As the integration of medical big data and artificial intelligence advances,the secure sharing of medical data has become a key driving force for advancing disease research and clinical diagnosis.Federated learning,a distributed approach enabling collaborative data processing without sharing raw data,offers promising solutions to challenges in multi-center medical data sharing.This review summarizes the progress of federated learning in multi-center medical data processing,analyzed from four perspectives:system architectures,data distribution strategies,clinical tasks,and algorithmic models.At the same time,this paper explores the challenges in practical applications,such as data heterogeneity,communication overhead,and privacy concerns.It proposes driving future research development by optimizing algorithms,strengthening privacy protection mechanisms,and enhancing computational efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.NSFC 82273405,and 81972306)supported partly by the Guangxi Nature Sciences grants(Grant No.2018GXNSFAA138028)the Guangxi Medical University Training Program for Distinguished Young Scholars.
文摘Objective:Hyper-progression recurrence(HPR)after hepatectomy is a specific recurrence pattern associated with extremely poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).This study was aimed at investigating the probable risk factors and establishing comprehensive models for formulating clinical strategies.Methods:Overall,16,158 patients with HCC from 8 hospitals were screened,among whom 3,125 patients who underwent R0 resection were included,and divided into development(n=2,113)and validation(n=1,012)cohorts.A comprehensive study of HPR predictive models and biological features was conducted.Results:Among the 3,125 enrolled patients,506(16.19%)developed HPR.The influence of HPR on extremely poor prognosis was reflected by recurrence features,adverse effects on systemic and liver function,and limited therapeutic options.Nine variables closely associated with HPR were identified,and incorporated into nomogram and conditional inference tree models,which successfully achieved pre-and post-operative HPR risk stratification and facilitated clinical decision-making.Multi-dimensional verification also confirmed the predictive accuracy of model combinations and their reliability in clinical applications.Furthermore,biological analyses revealed that HCCs with HPR exhibited hyperactive biological processes,inactive metabolism,and immune exhaustion features,together with high MYCN/HMGA2 co-expression,thereby enhancing understanding of the molecular events leading to HPR and providing valuable knowledge for HPR management.Conclusions:HPR after hepatectomy is associated with extremely poor prognosis and requires substantial attention.We constructed comprehensive predictive models and propose a clinical strategy for guiding HPR prevention and management.
基金partly supported by the Yan’an University Qin Chuanyuan“Scientist+Engineer”Team Special Fund,No.2023KXJ-012(to YL)Yan’an University Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements Fund,No.2023CGZH-001(to YL)+2 种基金College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,Nos.D2023158,202410719056(to XS,JM)Yan’an University Production and Cultivation Project,No.CXY202001(to YL)Kweichow Moutai Hospital Research and Talent Development Fund Project,No.MTyk2022-25(to XO)。
文摘The cure rate for chronic neurodegenerative diseases remains low,creating an urgent need for improved intervention methods.Recent studies have shown that enhancing mitochondrial function can mitigate the effects of these diseases.This paper comprehensively reviews the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic neurodegenerative diseases,aiming to uncover the potential use of targeted mitochondrial interventions as viable therapeutic options.We detail five targeted mitochondrial intervention strategies for chronic neurodegenerative diseases that act by promoting mitophagy,inhibiting mitochondrial fission,enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis,applying mitochondria-targeting antioxidants,and transplanting mitochondria.Each method has unique advantages and potential limitations,making them suitable for various therapeutic situations.Therapies that promote mitophagy or inhibit mitochondrial fission could be particularly effective in slowing disease progression,especially in the early stages.In contrast,those that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and apply mitochondria-targeting antioxidants may offer great benefits during the middle stages of the disease by improving cellular antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism.Mitochondrial transplantation,while still experimental,holds great promise for restoring the function of damaged cells.Future research should focus on exploring the mechanisms and effects of these intervention strategies,particularly regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical settings.Additionally,the development of innovative mitochondria-targeting approaches,such as gene editing and nanotechnology,may provide new solutions for treating chronic neurodegenerative diseases.Implementing combined therapeutic strategies that integrate multiple intervention methods could also enhance treatment outcomes.
文摘Three copper(Ⅱ),nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ)complexes,namely[Cu_(2)(μ-H2dbda)2(phen)2]·2H_(2)O(1),[Ni(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpb)(H_(2)O)2]n(2),and[Cd(μ-H2dbda)(μ-bpa)]n(3),have been constructed hydrothermally using H4dbda(4,4'-dihydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid),phen(1,10-phenanthroline),bpb(1,4-bis(pyrid-4-yl)benzene),bpa(bis(4-pyridyl)amine),and copper,nickel and cadmium chlorides at 160℃.The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra,elemental analyses,thermogravimetric analyses,and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction analyses.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three complexes crystallize in the monoclinic P21/n,tetragonal I42d,and orthorhombic P21212 space groups.The complexes exhibit molecular dimers(1)or 2D metal-organic networks(2 and 3).The catalytic performances in the Knoevenagel reaction of these complexes were investigated.Complex 1 exhibits an effective catalytic activity and excellent reusability as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel reaction at room temperature.CCDC:2463800,1;2463801,2;2463802,3.
基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2023B0909020004)Project of Innovation Research Team in Zhongshan(CXTD2023006)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023A1515011573)Zhongshan Social Welfare Science and Technology Research Project(2024B2022)。
文摘Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is highly suitable for forming 18Ni300 mold steel,thanks to its excellent capability in manufacturing complex shapes and outstanding capacity for regulating microstructures.It is widely used in fields such as injection molding,die casting,and stamping dies.Adding reinforcing particles into steel is an effective means to improve its performance.Nb/18Ni300 composites were fabricated by LPBF using two kinds of Nb powders with different particle sizes,and their microstructures and properties were studied.The results show that the unmelted Nb particles are uniformly distributed in the 18Ni300 matrix and the grains are refined,which is particularly pronounced with fine Nb particles.In addition,element diffusion occurs between the particles and the matrix.The main phases of the base alloy are α-Fe and a small amount of γ-Fe.With the addition of Nb,part of the α-Fe is transformed into γ-Fe,and unmelted Nb phases appear.The addition of Nb also enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the composites but slightly reduces their tensile properties.After aging treatment,the molten pools and grain boundaries become blurred,grains are further refined,and the interfaces around the particles are thinned.The aging treatment also promotes the formation of reverted austenite.The hardness,ultimate tensile strength,and volumetric wear rate of the base alloy reach 51.9 HRC,1704 MPa,and 17.8×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m),respectively.In contrast,the sample added with fine Nb particles has the highest hardness(56.1 HRC),ultimate tensile strength(1892 MPa)and yield strength(1842 MPa),and the volume wear rate of the sample added with coarse Nb particles is reduced by 90%to 1.7×10^(-6) mm^(3)/(N·m).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378181).
文摘The development of materials with excellent microwave absorption(MWA)and electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding performances has currently received attention.Herein,mesophase pitch-based carbon foam(MPCF)with 3D interconnected pore structure was prepared through the high pressure pyrolysis of mesophase coal tar pitch.It is found that the 3D interconnected cellular pores of MPCF facilitate multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves,which results in the minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of MPCF reaches-37.84 dB with the effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.44 GHz at a thickness of 2.70 mm,and the total average electromagnetic shielding effectiveness(SE_(T))under 3.00 mm thickness achieves 26.52 dB in X-band.Subsequently,MPCF is activated by KOH to obtain activated carbon foam(A-MPCF).The average SE_(T)of A-MPCF achieves 103.00 dB for abundant nanopores on the pore cell walls,which leads to a transition from the multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves on the walls to diffuse reflection.Unfortunately,the reflection coefficient(R)of A-MPCF increases from 0.78 to 0.90.To reduce the R value,Fe_(3)O_(4)/A-MPCF was fabricated via the in situ growth of nano Fe_(3)O_(4)on A-MPCF.Consequently,the R value of Fe_(3)O_(4)/A-MPCF was reduced from 0.90 to 0.74,whereas the MWA performance was only slightly decreased.This work proposes a simple strategy for simultaneously adjusting MWA and EMI shielding performances of materials.
基金supported by the Laoshan Laboratory[grant number LSKJ202202403]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42030410]+1 种基金additionally supported by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUISTJiangsu Innovation Research Group[grant number JSSCTD202346]。
文摘Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diverse sensitivities of surface fluxes.This study utilizes data from the Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project to investigate how ocean salinity responds to perturbations of surface fluxes.The findings indicate the emergence of a sea surface salinity(SSS)dipole pattern predominantly in the North Atlantic and Pacific fresh pools,driven by surface flux perturbations.This results in an intensification of the“salty gets saltier and fresh gets fresher”SSS pattern across the global ocean.The spatial pattern amplification(PA)of SSS under global warming is estimated to be approximately 11.5%,with surface water flux perturbations being the most significant contributor to salinity PA,accounting for 8.1% of the change after 70 years in experiments since pre-industrial control(piControl).Notably,the zonal-depth distribution of salinity in the upper ocean exhibits lighter seawater above the denser water,with bowed isopycnals in the upper 400 m.This stable stratification inhibits vertical mixing of salinity and temperature.In response to the flux perturbations,there is a strong positive feedback due to consequent freshening.It is hypothesized that under global warming,an SSS amplification of 7.2%/℃ and a mixed-layer depth amplification of 12.5%/℃ will occur in the global ocean.It suggests that the salinity effect can exert a more stable ocean to hinder the downward transfer of heat,which provides positive feedback to future global warming.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2023A1515030045(to HS)Presidential Foundation of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University,No.yzjj2022ms4(to HS)。
文摘Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most dangerous subtype of stroke,characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates,and frequently leads to significant secondary white matter injury.In recent decades,studies have revealed that gut microbiota can communicate bidirectionally with the brain through the gut microbiota–brain axis.This axis indicates that gut microbiota is closely related to the development and prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage and its associated secondary white matter injury.The NACHT,LRR,and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome plays a crucial role in this context.This review summarizes the dysbiosis of gut microbiota following intracerebral hemorrhage and explores the mechanisms by which this imbalance may promote the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.These mechanisms include metabolic pathways(involving short-chain fatty acids,lipopolysaccharides,lactic acid,bile acids,trimethylamine-N-oxide,and tryptophan),neural pathways(such as the vagus nerve and sympathetic nerve),and immune pathways(involving microglia and T cells).We then discuss the relationship between the activated NLRP3 inflammasome and secondary white matter injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can exacerbate secondary white matter injury by disrupting the blood–brain barrier,inducing neuroinflammation,and interfering with nerve regeneration.Finally,we outline potential treatment strategies for intracerebral hemorrhage and its secondary white matter injury.Our review highlights the critical role of the gut microbiota–brain axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome in white matter injury following intracerebral hemorrhage,paving the way for exploring potential therapeutic approaches.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Hong Kong Joint Funding Project,No.SGDX20230116093645007(to LY)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee International Cooperation Project,No.GJHZ20200731095608025(to LY)+7 种基金Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission’s Intelligent Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Adolescent Spinal Health Public Service Platform,No.S2002Q84500835(to LY)Shenzhen Medical Research Fund,No.B2303005(to LY)Team-based Medical Science Research Program,No.2024YZZ02(to LY)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LWQ20H170001(to RL)Basic Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology from Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,No.JCYJ20210324103010029(to BY)Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Guangdong Province High-level Hospital Construction Project,Nos.2023yjlcyj029(to BY),2023yjlcyj021(to LL)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,No.2022A1515110679(to LL)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2022M722203(to GL).
文摘Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge.Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity,highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury;however,its role in modulating neuroinflammation post-peripheral nerve injury remains unknown.Here,we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms.Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel,we evaluated structural and functional recovery,macrophage phenotype alteration,specific cytokine expression,and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo.Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel-coated plates in complete medium.These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages.Additionally,porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro.Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway,providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.
文摘The development of continuous casting technology of electrical steel was analyzed. The technologies and products characteristics of conventional continuous casting, thin slab continuous casting and rolling, middle thin slab continuous casting and rolling and twin-roll thin strip were compared. Conventional continuous casting technology was widely adopted in producing electrical steel, thin slab continuous casting and rolling and middle thin slab contin- uous casting and roiling technology industrialized electrical steel~ and study of twin-roll thin strip casting technology was focused on fundamental experiments.
基金Item Sponsored by the Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province(Grant No.2011221009)the 111 project(Grant No.B07015)
文摘In order to overcome the pollution of the tratitional nozzle sand into the molten steel in tundish,a new method is proposed in this paper.In this method,the nozzle sand is substituted with iron-carbon alloy particles which have the same or similar compositions as the liquid steel.During casting processes,iron-carbon alloy forms solidification shell and the sintered layer in the upper nozzle to block the molten steel.When the slide gate is opened,the eletromagnetic induction heating is used to melt them so as to achieve 100%smoothly steel teeming.The electromagnetic induction heating effects were analyzed theoretically in the new slide gate system.Then the new method has been experimentally tested by using self-designed experimental device.The results show that the electromagnetic induction heating can complete the steel teeming within the required time.Furthermore,this steel-teeming technology can further improve the cleanliness of liquid steel.
